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Areasandmensurationisatopicdependsentirelyonapplicationofformulas.Ifyouremembertheformula,solving
problemsinthisareaisacakewalk.Foreasylearningandtoremembertheformulasweprovidedthemintoa
simpletable.Beforeyoumoveontohavealookatthesolvedexamples,studythetablesandtrytounderstand
therelevantformula
2DimensionalFigures:
Twodimensionalfigureshaveonlyanytwooflength,breadth,andheight.Theyhaveonlyareasbutnotvolumes.
Perimeterisaunidimensionalmeasure.Ifyouobservecarefully,thepowerofthetermsintheformulasof
perimeteris1,andofthetermsintheareasis2.

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SolvedExamples

1.Ifsidesofatriangleare8cm,15cmand17cmrespectively.Finditsarea.
Areaofthetrianglewhenallthethreesidesaregiven=s(s a)(s b)(s c)wheres =

s=

8 + 15 + 17
=20cm
2

Therefore,Area=20 (20 8) (20 15) (20 17)

=20 12 5 3
=4 5 3 4 5 3=4x5x3=60cm 2
Trick:
Thetriangleisrightangletriangleas17 2 = 15 2 + 8 2
1
Therefore,Areaofrightangletriangle= x8x15=60cm 2
2

a+b+c
2

2.Twoparallelsidesofatrapeziumare4cmand5cmrespectively.Theperpendiculardistancebetweenthe
parallelsidesis6cm.Findtheareaofthetrapezium.
Areaoftrapeziumwhenheightandtwoparallelsidesaregiven=

1
h (a + b)= x6x(4+5)=27cm 2
2
2

3.Ifperimeterandareaofasquareareequal.Sideofthesquare(incm)is:
Given,(Side) 2=4x(Side)
Therefore,Side=4cm
4.Thediameterofthewheelofavehicleis5metre.Itmakes7revolutionsper9seconds.Whatisspeedofthe
vehicleinkm/h?
5
Radiusofthewheel= metre
2
Distancecoveredin1revolution=Circumferenceofthewheel=2r=2x

Therefore,Distancecoveredinonesecond=2x

Therefore,Speedperhour=2x

22
7

5
2

7
9

18
5

22
7

5
2

7
9

22
7

5
2

metre

metre

=44km/h

5.Theperimeterofarhombusis60cmandoneofitsdiagonalis24cm.Findtheotherdiagonaloftherhombus.
LetABCDistherhombuswhosediagonalsBDandACintersectingatpoint'O'.
1
1
Sideofrhombus= xPerimeter= x60=15cm.
4
4
LetBD=24cm
1
Then,BO= BD=12cm
2
Now,AO= AB 2 BO2 = 15 2 12 2=9

Therefore,AC=2AO=2x9=18cm
6.Afieldis40metrelongand35metrewide.Thefieldissurroundedbyapathofuniformwidthof2.5metreruns
rounditontheoutside.Findtheareaofthepath.
RemembertheformulafortheAreaofpath

=2xWidthx[Length+Breadth+(2xWidth)]
=2x25x(40+35+2x2.5)
=5x(75+5)=400m 2
7.Findareaofuniformpathofwidth2metrerunningfromcentreofeachsideoftheoppositesideofarectangle
fieldmeasuring17metreby12metre.
RemembertheformulafortheAreaofpath
=Widthofpathx(Lengthoffield+Breadthoffield)(Widthofpath) 2
=2x(17+12)(2) 2
=584=54m 2
8.Asquareandarectangleeachhasperimeter60metre.Differencebetweentheareasofthetwofiguresis16
squaremetre.Findlengthoftherectangle.
60
Sideofthesquare= =15metre
4
Differenceinareasofsquareandrectangle=16m 2
Therefore,Increaseanddecreaseindimensions=16=4metre
Therefore,Sidesofrectangleare(15+4)and(154)metre
Therefore,Lengthofrectangle=19metre
9.Findtheradiusofacirclewhoseareaisequaltothesumofareasofthreecircleswithradii8cm,9cm,12cm
respectively.
Letradiusofnewcircleis'R'cm.
ThenR 2=8 2 + 9 2 + 12 2 = 64 + 81 + 144 = 289
Therefore,R 2=289=>R=17cm.
10.Theareoftheringbetweentwoconcentriccircles,whosecircumferencesare88cmand132cmis:
1
1
AreaofRing= 132 2 88 2 =
x(132+88)x(13288)
4
4
1
7
= x220x44=770cm 2
4 22

11.Twopoleswhoseheightsare11metreand5metrestanduprightinafield.Ifthedistancebetweentheirfeetis
8metre,whatisthedistancebetweentheirtops?

Distancebetweenfeetofbigpoleandthatofsmallpole=8metre
Differencebetweenheightsoftwopoles=115=6metre
Distancebetweenthetopsofpoles= 6 2 + 8 2=10metre

12.Findtheareofthelargestcirclethatcanbeinscribedinasquareof14cm,aside.
Sideofthesquare=Diameterofthecircle=14cm
Therefore,Radiusofthecircle=7cm.
22
Areaofthecircle=r 2 =
x7x7=154cm 2.
7
13.Ahorseistiedtooneofthecornersofasquarefieldwhosesideis20metre.Iflengthoftheropeis14metre,
findtheareaofungrazedfield.
Areaofsquarefield=(20m) 2=400m 2
1
Areaofthefieldgrazedbythehorse= r 2
4
1 22
2
= x14x14=154m
4
7
Therefore,Fieldungrazed=(400154)=246m 2
14.Ahorsesaretiedonetoeachcornerofasquarewith14maside,andlengthoftheropeis7m.Findthearea
ofungrazedfield.
Ungrazedarea=AreaofsquareAreaofcircle
22
=14 2 x7x7=196154=42m 2
7
ShortCutMethod:
Radiusofcircle=7m.
Therefore,Ungragedfield=

6
7

7 2=42m 2

MCQ's
1.Arectangularcarpethasanareaof60sq.m.Itsdiagonalandlongersidetogetherequal5timestheshorter
side.Thelengthofthecarpetis:
a.5m
b.12m

c.13m
d.14.5m
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
Letthelength=pmetresandbreadth=qmetres
Thenpq=60

+ q 2 + p = 5q

p 2 + q 2 = (5q p) 2=25q 2 + p 2 10pq

Aspq=60,
25q 2 10 60 = 0
q 2 = 25orq=5
p=60/5=12m
Lengthofthecarpet=12m
2.Arectangularcarpethasanareaof120sq.mandperimeterof46m.Thelengthofitsdiagonalis:
a.15m
b.16m
c.17m
d.20m
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:
Letlength=ametresandbreadth=bmetres
Then,2(a+b)=46or(a+b)=23
andab=120
Diagonal= a 2 + b 2= (a + b) 2 ab =

(23)

2 120=289 = 17m

3.Aparallelogramhassides60mand40mandoneofitsdiagonalsis80mlong.Then,itsareais:
a.480sq.m
b.320sq.m
c.60015sq.m
d.45015sq.m
CorrectOption:C

Explanation:
AB=60m,BC=40morAC=80m
1
s= (60 + 40 + 80)m = 90m
2
(sa)=30m,(sb)=50mand(sc)=10m
AreaofABC=s(s a)(s b)(s c)
=90 30 50 10m 2 = 30015m 2
Areaof//gmABCD=60015m 2
4.Ifasquareandaparallelogramstandonthesamebase,thentheratiooftheareaofthesquareand
theparallelogramis:
a.greaterthan1
b.equalto1
1
c.equalto
2
1
d.equalto
4
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:

LetABCDbethesquareandABEFbetheparallelogram.
Then,inrighttrianglesADFandBCE,wehaveAD=BC(sidesofasquare)andAF=BE(sidesofparallelogram).
Therefore,DF=CE
[DF 2 = AF 2 AD2 = BE 2 BC 2 = CE 2]
Thus,ADF=BCE
ADF +

ABCF=BCE +

ABCF

AreaofparallelogramABEF=AreaofABCD

5.Inarhombus,whoseareais144sq.cim,oneofitsdiagonalsistwiceaslongastheother.Thelengthofits
diagonalsare:
a.24cm,48cm
b.12cm,24cm
c.62cm,122cm
d.6cm,12cm
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
1
x 2x = 144 x2 = 144orx=12
2
Lengthofdiagonals=12cm,24cm
6.Thelengthofaropebywhichacowmustbetetheredinorderthatshemaybeabletograzeanareaof9856
sq.m.is:
a.56m
b.64m
c.88m
d.168m
CorrectOption:A

Explanation:

Grazingareaisequaltotheareaofacirclewithradiusr.
22
7

r 2 = 9856

Thenr 2 = 9856

7
22

r=56m
7.Thecircumferencesoftwoconcentriccirclesare176mand132mrespectively.Whatisthedifferencebetween
theirradii?
a.5metres
b.7metres
c.8metres
d.44metres
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:

2R 2r = (176 132)
2(R r) = 44
44 7
(R r) =
= 7m
2 22
8.Thediameterofacircleis105cmlessthanthecircumference.Whatisthediameterofthecircle?
a.44cm
b.46cm

c.48cm
d.49cm
CorrectOption:D
Explanation:
d d = 105 ( 1)d = 105

d=

( )
( )
22
7

15

1 d=105
105 cm=49cm

9.Acircleandasquarehavesamearea.Theratioofthesideofthesquareandtheradiousofthecircleis:
a.:1
b.1:r
c.1:r
d.r:1
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
x
x2 = r 2 =
r

= : 1

10.Thenumberofroundsthatawheelofdiameter

7
11

mwillmakeingoing4km,is:

a.1000
b.1500
c.1700
d.2000
CorrectOption:D
Explanation:
Numberofrounds=

4 1000
= 2000
22
7

7
11

11.Acircularwireofradius42cmiscutandbentintheformofarectanglewhosesidesareintheratioof6:5.The
smallersideoftherectangleis:

a.30cm
b.60cm
c.72cm
d.132cm
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:

Circumference= 2

22

42 cm=264cm

Lettherectanglesidesare6x,5x.Thencircumferenceis
2 (6x + 5x) = 264orx=12
Smallersideofrecatngle=5x=60cm
12.Ifthediameterofacircleisincreasedby100%,itsareaisincreasedby:
a.100%
b.200%
c.300%
d.400%
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:

()
( )
d

Originalarea=
Newarea=

2d

(
(

= d 2

Increaseinarea= d 2

Increasepercent=

d 2

3d 2
4

d 2
4

)
4

d 2

3d 2
4

100 %=300%

Shortcut:

Youcanuse A + B +

AB
100

%formula.SubstituteA=B=100

13.Iftheradiusofacircleisreducedby50%,itsareaisreducedby:
a.25%
b.50%
c.75%
d.100%
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:
Originalarea= r 2
Neware=

()
r

(
(

r 2
4
r 2

Reductioninarea= r 2

Reductionpercent=

3r 2
4

)
1

r 2

3r 2
4

100 %=75%

Shortcut:

Youcanuse A + B +

AB
100

%formula.SubstituteA=B=50.

14.Ifthecircumferenceofacircleis352metres,thenitsareainm2is:
a.9856
b.8956
c.6589
d.5986
CorrectOption:A
Explanation:
2

22
7

r = 352 r = 352

Area=

22
7

7
22

1
2

= 56m

56 56 m2 = 9856m 2

15.Areaofsquarewithsidexisequaltotheareaofatrianglewithbasex.Thealtitudeofthetriangleis:

x
a.
2
b.x
c.2x
d.4x
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:
x2 =

1
2x2
x horh=
= 2x
2
x

16.Theperimeterofanisoscelestriangleisequalto14cmthelateralsideistothebaseintheratio5:4.Thearea
ofthetriangleis:
1
a. 21cm 2
2
3
b. 21cm 2
2
c.21cm 2
d.221cm 2
CorrectOption:D
Explanation:
Letlateralside=(5x)cmandbase=(4x)cm
5x+5x+4x=14orx=1
So,thesidesare5cm,5cmand4cm
1
Semiperimeter,S= (5+5+4)cm=7cm.
2
(sa)=2cm,(sb)=2cmand(sc)=3cm
Area=7 2 2 3cm 2 = 221cm2
17.Ifthediagonalofasquareisdoubled,howdoestheareaofthesquarechange?
a.Becomesfourfold
b.Becomesthreefold
c.Becomestwofold
d.Noneofthese
CorrectOption:A
Explanation:

1
d2
2
1

1
4

(2d) 2
2
Newareabecomes4fold.
18.Ifthebaseofarectangleisincreasedby10%andtheareaisunchanged,thenthecorrespondingaltitude
mustbedecreasedby:
1
a.9 %
11
b.10%
c.11%
1
d.11 %
9
CorrectOption:A
Explanation:
Letbase=bandaltitude=h.
thenarea=(bh)
Newbase=

( ) ( )
110
b =
100

11
b
10

Letnewaltitude=H
Then,

( )

11
10
b H = bhorH=
h
10
11

Decrease= h

10
1
h =
h
11
11

Decreasepercent=

1
1
1
h 100 %=9 %
11
h
11

Shortcut:
AssumeLengthis10unitsandAltitudeis11Units.NowArea=110
Newlengthis11unitsandNewaltitudeishunits.NowArea=11h
Butgiven110=11h h=10
Sochangeinaltitude=1/11x100=9

1
%
11

19.Thelengthofarectangleistwiceitsbreadth.Ifitslengthisdecreasedby5cmandthebreadthisincreasedby

5cm,theareaoftherectangleisincreasedby75cm 2.Therefore,thelengthoftherectangleis:
a.20cm
b.30cm
c.40cm
d.50cm
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:
Letbreadth=xcmandlength=(2x)cm
Then.(2x5)(x+5)x 2x = 75
2x2 + 5x 25 2x2 = 75or5x=100
orx=20
Length=(2x)cm=40cm.
1
20.Arectanglehas15cmasitslengthand150cm 2asitsarea.Itsareaisincreasedto1 timestheoriginalarea
3
byincreasingonlyitslengthofitsnewperimeteris:
a.50cm
b.60cm
c.70cm
d.80cm
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
Breadthoftherectangle=
Newarea=

Newlength=

4
3

( )
150
15

cm=10cm

150 cm2 = 200cm 2

( )
200
10

cm = 20cm

Newperimeter=2(20+10)cm=60cm
21.Thelengthofarectangularroomis4metres.Ifitcanbepartitionedintotwoequalsquarerooms,whatisthe
lengthofeachpartitioninmetres?
a.1

b.2
c.4
d.Datainadequate.
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
Letthesideofeachnewroom=ymetres.
Then,y 2 = 2x
Clearly,2xisacompletesquarewhenx=2
y 2 = 4ory=2m
22.Thelengthandbreadthofasquareareincreasedby40%and30%respectively.Theareaoftheresulting
rectangleexceedstheareaofthesquareby:
a.42%
b.62%
c.82%
d.Noneofthese
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:
Letthesideofthesquare=100m
Newlength=140m.newbreadth=130m
Increaseinarea=[(140 130) (100 100)]m2=8200m2
Increasepercent=

8200
100 100

100 %=82%

23.Ahall20mlongand15mbroadissurroundedbyaverandahofuniformwidthof2.5m.Thecostofflooringthe
verandahattherateofRs.3.50persq.metreis:
a.Rs.500
b.Rs.600
c.Rs.700
d.Rs.800
CorrectOption:C
Explanation:

Areaofverandah=[(25 20) (20 15)]m2=200m2

Costofflooring=Rs.(200 3.50)=Rs.700
24.Iftheratiooftheareasoftwosquaresis9:1,theratiooftheirperimetersis:
a.9:1
b.3:1
c.3:4
d.1:3
CorrectOption:B
Explanation:
Lettheareasofsquaresbe:(9x2)m 2and(x 2)m 2
Then,theirsidesare 9x2,

x or(3x)metres&xmetresrespectively.

25.Thelengthofarectangleisincreasedby60%.Bywhatpercentwouldthewidthhavetobedecreasedto
maintainthesamearea?
1
a.37
2
b.60%
c.75%
d.120%
CorrectOption:A
Explanation:
Initially,letlength=xandbreadth=y
Let,newbreadth=z.Thennewlength=
8
5

x z=xyorz=

( )
160
100

x =

5y
8

( )

Decreaseinbreadth= y

Decreasepercent=

5y
8

3
8

3
1
1
y 100 %=37 %
8
y
2

8
5

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