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CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
Basic Concepts

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: Study Guide

Disclaimer: This page is the authors p

a course outline or curriculum or offici

Katarungang Pambarangay
Jurisdiction of Courts
LAW LINK PHILIPPINES

Prosecution of Offenses
Prosecution of the Civil Aspect
Preliminary Investigation
Arrest, Search and Seizure
Bail
Rights of the Accused
Arraignment and Plea
Motion to Quash

Basic Concepts
Remedial Law:

Preliminary Conference and Pretrial

Remedial Law: Defined and Distinguished from substantial law Bustos vs.
Lucero, 81 Phil. 640;

Judgment
Remedies After Judgment

Rule-Making Power:

Provisional Remedies in Criminal Cases

Rule-Making Power of the Supreme Court 1987 Const. VIII:5[5]

Rule-Making Power of Congress? 1987 Const. XVII:10

Supreme Court
Court of Appeals
Official Gazette
Office of the President
Senate
House of Representatives
Department of Justice

EVERYDAY RULES

The Rules of Court

Katarungang Pambarangay
Rules on Summary Procedure

Echegaray versus Secretary of Justice, 301 SCRA 96

Neypes versus Court of Appeals, 469 SCRA 633
Remedial Law, and the Rules of Court:

Nature, Application and Construction of Rules of Court:

Nature of Rules of Court:

Small Claims Rules

Manual for Prosecutors

Rules not laws, but have force and effect of law Alvero vs. Dela Rosa, 76

Phil. 428;
Rules subordinate to statute, in case of conflict, law prevails Shioji vs.

DOJ Bail Bond Guide of 2000

Custodial Investigation Law

Harvey, 43 Phil. 333; Inchausti vs. De Leon, 24 Phil. 224; Altavaz vs. CA, 106
Phil. 940;
Application of Rules of Court:

Applies to all courts, except as otherwise provided by SC R1:2;

Not applicable to election, land registration, cadastral, naturalization and
insolvency cases, and other cases not provided, except by analogy, or
suppletory character, and when practicable and convenient R1:4; See also
R143
Rules of Court Governs: civil actions, criminal actions, and special
proceedings R1:3.
Parts of the Rules of Court:

Part 1: Rules on Civil Procedure (R1-71);

Ordinary Civil Actions R1-39
Appeals -- R40-56
Provisional Remedies -- R57-61
Special Civil Actions -- R62-71
Part II: Special Proceedings (R73-109)
Part III: Rules of Criminal Procedure (R110-127)
Part IV: Rules on Evidence (R128-134)
Part V: Legal Ethics (R135-140)
Rule 141 Legal Fees;
Rule 142 Costs;

Rule 143 Applicability of the Rules

Rule 144-- Effectiveness

Construction of the Procedural Rules:

Rules liberally construed -- R1:6

De la Cruz vs. CA, GR 139442 [2006] Rules not to over-ride substantial
justice
Canton vs. City of Cebu, GR 152898 [2007] -- Rules facilitate, not frustrate,
justice
San Juan vs. Sandiganbayan, GR 173956 [2008] -- Exercise of equity
jurisdiction
Vette Industrial Sales vs. Cheng, GR 170301 [2006]; Manila Banking vs.
University of Baguio, GR 159189 [2007] -- When rules are to be applied
liberally
Cruz vs. CA, 476 SCRA 581; DSM Construction vs. CA, 478 SCRA 618; Hyung

Park vs. Eung Won, GR 165496 [2007]; Heritage Park vs. CIAC, GR 148133
[2008]. Rules are not liberally construed when it results in wanton
disregard of rules or unnecessary delay
Abrenica vs. Abrenica, GR 169420 [2006]; Garcia vs. CA, 546 SCRA596;

Reyes vs. FilEstate, GR 148967 [2007]. -- Rules not relaxed to ignore or

disdain the rules
Rizal Security vs. Maraan, 546 SCRA 23 [2008] -- Liberal construction not a
bastion for violation of due process
Marohomsalic vs. Cole, 547 SCRA 98; Republic vs. Kenrick, GR 149576
[2006] Ponciano vs. LLDA, GR 174536 [2008]
Party invoking liberal application should explain failure to abide rules -Abrenica vs. Abrenica, GR 169420 [2006]; Banes. De La Salle, GR 167177
[206]; Heirs of Gaudiano vs. Benemerito, GR 174247 [2007] -- Relaxation of
rules not a license to violate rules with impunity
Tabujara vs. People, GR 175162 [2008] -- Rules must be applied so rigidly to
override substantial justice

The Katarungang Pambarangay:

Top

Katarungangang Pambarangay (Arts. 399-420, RA No. 7160

Guidelines on the Katarungang Pambarangay Conciliation (SC Circular 14-93)

Jurisdiction of Courts:
Top

JURISDICTION OF PHILIPPINE COURTS:

Powers of the Supreme Court (Art. VIII, 1987 Constitution)

Jurisdiction of Courts under the Judiciary Reorganization Act (BP Blg. 129):

Municipal Trial Courts Sec. 32[1], Sec. 32[2], Sec. 33[2], Sec. 35, as
amended by RA No. 7691, and its Guidelines, Bouncing Checks Cases
under A.M. No. 00-1101-SC, and Cases Governed by the Rules on
Summary Procedure
Regional Trial Courts Sec. 20, Sec. 22,Sec. 23
Court of Appeals Sec. 9 as amended RA No. 7902
Sandiganbayan -- PD No. 1606, as amended by RA No. 7975 and RA No. 8249

Court of Tax Appeals Act RA No. 1125 as amended by RA No. 9282)

Prosecution of Offenses:
Purpose of criminal action:

Cario versus De Castro, GR 176084, 30 Apr. 2008

Heirs of Burgos versus CA, 169711:

Effect of Institution of Action to Prescriptive Period:

Top

Rule: Institution of criminal action interrupts the period of prescription of the

offense charged (Read R110:1; in relation to Arts. 90 and 91, RPC, Act No.
3326 (as amended by RA 3585 and Act 3763) and other special laws.

Follow these cases, preferably in the order presented:

People versus Tayco, 73 Phil. 509 (See also: People v. Del Rosario, L-15140,

29 Dec. 1960; People vs. Coquia, L-15456, 29 June 1963) - It is the filing of
Complaint or Information in court, not in Fiscals office, that interrupts
prescription.
People vs. Olarte, L-13027, 30 June 1960; People versus Uba, L-131106, 16

Oct. 1959; People vs. Aquino, 68 Phil. 588 Filing of Complaint in the MTC for
preliminary investigation interrupts prescription;
Francisco vs. CA, 122 SCRA 538 the true doctrine
Prescription of crimes defined by special laws:
Zaldivar versus Reyes 211 SCRA 277 import of the words judicial
proceedings
Cf. Zaldivar with Sanrio Co. versus Lim, GR No. 168662, 19 Feb. 2008
meaning of filing with the proper office and the Doctrine of Primary
Jurisdiction
Panaguiton versus DOJ, GR 167571, 25 Nov. 2008 Will filing of BP 22

case at Prosecutors office interrupt prescription?

SEC versus Interport Resources, GR 135 808, 06 Oct. 2008 filing for
preliminary investigation interrupts prescription

Preliminary Investigation

Top

Nature, Purpose, and Basic Concepts:

Presl. Ad Hoc Fact-Finding Comm. vs. Desierto, GR 135703, 13 Apr. 2009

De Chavez vs. Ombusman, GR 168830-31, 06 Feb. 2007
Manebo vs. Acosta, GR 169554, 28 Oct. 2009
Sales vs. Sandiganbayan, GR 143802, 16 Nov. 2001
Albay Accredited Constructions vs. Desierto, GR 133517, 30 Jan. 2006
Doromal vs. Sandiganbayan, 177 SRA 354

Ong vs. Sandiganbayan, 470 SCRA 7

Duterte versus Sandiganbayan, 289 SCRA 721
Bautista versus Court of Appeals, GR 143375, 06 July 2001
Santos versus Go, GR 156081, 19 Oct. 2005
Balanguan versus CA, GR 14350, 13 Aug. 2008
Levi Strauss Phils. Vs. Lim, 573 SCRA 25
People versus Gomez, 117 SCRA 73
People versus Bulusan, 160 SCRA 492
Go versus CA, 206 SCRA 138

Notes on Prosecution of Civil Aspect and Preliminary Investigation will

be updates soon.

Arrests, Search, and Seizures:

Nature of the Proceedings:

United Laboratories, Inc. versus Isip, 461 SCRA 574

Chemise Lacoste versus Fernandez, 214 Phil. 332

Santos versus Pryce Gases, GR 165122, 23 Nov. 2007

Who may apply for and who may issue SW:

Marimla versus People, G.R. No. 158467, 16 Oct. 2009

Issuance of SW and Probable Cause:

Santos versus Pryce Gases, GR 165122, 23 Nov. 2007

Top

Manly Sportwear versus Dadodette Enterprises, 470 SCRA 384

Sketchers USA versus Inter Pacific Industrial Trading, 509 SCRA 395

People versus Estela Tuan, GR 176066, 11 Aug. 2010

Josefino Roan versus Hon. Romulo Gonzales, GR 71410, 25 Nov. 1986

Yao Sr. versus People, GR 168306, 19 June 2007

Elidad Kho versus Hon. Enrico Lanzanas, 489 SCRA 445

People versus Olive Mamaril, GR 171980, 06 Oct. 2010

Central Bank versus Morfe, 20 SCRA 507, L-20119, 30 June 1967

United Laboratories, Inc. versus Isip, 461 SCRA 574

Bernard Nala versus Judge Barroso, Jr., GR 153087, 07 Aug. 2003 &

Bernardo Betoy Sr. versus Mamerto Coliflores, MTJ-05-1608, 28 Feb. 2006

Frank Uy versus Bureau of Internal Revenue, G.R. No. 129651, 20 Oct.

2000

Description of person or place to be searched and items that may be

seized:

People versus Raul Nunez, GR 177148, 30 June 2009

Frank Uy versus Bureau of Internal Revenue, G.R. No. 129651, 20 Oct.

2000
People versus Modesto Tee, G.R. Nos. 140546-47, 20 Jan. 2003

Andy Quelnan versus People, G.R. No. 166061, 06 July 2007

Pangandaman versus Casar, GR 71782, 14 Apr. 1988

People versus Veloso, 48 Phil. 169

Uy Kheytin versus Villareal, 42 Phil. 886*

Stonehill versus Diokno, GR 19550, 19 June 1957

Twentieth Century Fox versus CA, 164 SCRA 655

Columbia Pictures CA, 262 SCRA 219 (cf. 20th Century Fox Case)

Yao Sr. versus People, 525 SCRA 108, GR 168306, 19 June 2007

Kho versus Makalintal, 306 SCRA 70

Issuance, Form and Implementation of the Search Warrant:

People versus Court of Appeals, 291 SCRA 400

People versus Court of Appeals, 347 SCRA 453

Panuncio versus People, GR 165678, 17 July 2009

Santos versus Pryce Gases, GR 165122, 23 Nov. 2007

Objections to the Issuance or Implementation of Search Warrant:

Buenaventura versus People, 529 SCRA 500, 08 Aug. 2007

People versus Macatingag, GR No. 181037, 19 Jan. 2009

Santos versus Pryce Gases, GR 165122, 23 Nov. 2007

Ruben Castillo versus People, G.R. No. 185128, 30 Jan. 2012

Search Incident to Arrest:

Adams versus Williams, 47 U.S. 143

Nolasco versus Pano, 139 SCRA 152 (Note: Study also dissenting opinion
& the Resolution to the MFR)
Espano versus Court of Appeals, 288 SCRA 588

People versus Leangsiri, 252 SCRA 213

People versus Cubcubin Jr., 360 SCRA 690

People versus Estella, 395 SCRA 553

Valeroso versus Court of Appeals, GR 164815, 03 Sept. 2009

Search at Checkpoints and of Moving Vehicles:

Valmonte versus de Villa, GR 83988, 24 May 1990

People versus Mikael Malmstedt, GR 91107, 19 June 1991

People versus Tuazon, 532 SCRA 152, 03 Sept. 2007

People versus Vinecario, GR 141137, 20 Jan. 2004

Abenes versus Court of Appeals, GR 156320, 14 Feb. 2007

Buy-Bust Operations:

People versus Doria, 301 SCRA 668 &

People versus Lim, GR No. 187503, 11 Sept. 2009

People versus Victorio Pagkalinawan, GR 184805, 03 Mar. 2010

People versus Ramos, GR 180508, 04 Sept. 2009

People versus Joey Tion, GR 172092, 16 Dec. 2009

People versus Sembrano, GR 185848, 16 Aug. 2010

People versus Araneta, GR 191064, 20 Oct. 2010

People versus Feliciano, GR 190179, 20 Oct. 2010

People versus Naquita, GR 180511, 28 July 2008

People versus Amarillo, G.R. No. 194721, August 15, 2012

People versus Agulay, GR 181747, 26 Sept. 2008

People versus Bohol, GR 171729, 28 July 2008

People versus Elizabeth Marcelino, GR 189278, 26 July 2010

People versus SPO3 Sangki Ara, GR 185011, 23 Dec. 2009 (Surveillance)

People versus Concepcion, GR 178876, 27 June 2008 (Surveillance)

People versus Hernandez, GR 184804, 18 June 2009 (Blotter not required)

Plain View:

Judge Felimon Abelita versus PSupt. Doria, GR 170672, 14 Aug. 2009 &

Zalameda versus People, GR 183656, Sept. 2009

People versus Nuevas, 516 SCRA 463, GR 170233, 22 Feb. 2007

"Stop and Frisk" Rule (The 'Terry Doctrine')

Terry versus Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 20L. Ed. 2nd 889 (1968) or Read This

Esquillo versus People, GR 182010, 25 Aug. 2010

Valdez versus People, 538 SCRA 611, 23 Nov. 2007

Malacat versus Court of Appeals, 283 SCRA 159 &

People versus Chua, GR 128222, 17 June 1999, 396 SCRA 660 &

Epie Jr. versus Ulat-Marredo, 518 SCRA 641, 22 Mar. 2007

Summerville General Merchandising versus Court of Appeals, 529 SCRA

602, 26 June 2007

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