Abstract

In order to improve the level of intelligence and communication between vehicles the basic
functioning of intelligent transport system was analyzed . This paper proposes an ideology of
intelligent transportation(system) which includes vehicle subsystem, GPS & monitoring system
to itemize inter vehicular communication by embedding them in IOT.The research in vehicular
field is not only rooted to adding up more features and cleaner fuels but has reached other awe
inspiring levels due to the fecundity of advancements in mobile and wireless technology. This
paper proposes and discusses about regulating traffic during an emergency (ex: ambulance, vvip
travel) using inter vehicular communication which is accomplished by a geo sensory
mechanism.. The system commissions the usage of GPS to sense address and reaching out.
I.

Introduction

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a scenario in which objects, animals or people are provided
with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring humanto-human or human-to-computer interaction. IoT has evolved from the convergence
of wireless technologies, micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and the Internet.
Although the concept wasn't named until 1999, the Internet of Things has been in development
for decades. The first Internet appliance, for example, was a Coke machine at Carnegie Melon
University in the early 1980s. The programmers could connect to the machine over the Internet,
check the status of the machine and determine whether or not there would be a cold drink
awaiting them, should they decide to make the trip down to the machine.
Kevin Ashton, cofounder and executive director of the Auto-ID Center at MIT, first mentioned
the Internet of Things in a presentation he made to Procter & Gamble. Heres how Ashton
explains the potential of the Internet of Things:
Today computers -- and, therefore, the Internet -- are almost wholly dependent on human
beings for information. Nearly all of the roughly 50 petabytes (a petabyte is 1,024terabytes)
of data available on the Internet were first captured and created by human beings by typing,
pressing a record button, taking a digital picture or scanning a bar code.
The problem is, people have limited time, attention and accuracy -- all of which means they
are not very good at capturing data about things in the real world. If we had computers that
knew everything there was to know about things -- using data they gathered without any help

from us -- we would be able to track and count everything and greatly reduce waste, loss and
cost. We would know when things needed replacing, repairing or recalling and whether they
were fresh or past their best.
A. Vehicle to Vehicle communication
There is a common refrain heard from nearly everyone gathered in Detroit to attend the World
Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems this week: Connected cars will be the ultimate
Internet of Things. They will collect and make sense of massive amounts of data from a huge
array of sources. Cars will talk to other cars, exchanging data and alerting drivers to potential
collisions. Theyll talk to sensors on signs on stoplights, bus stops, even ones embedded in the
roads to get traffic updates and rerouting alerts. And theyll communicate with your house,
office, and smart devices, acting as an digital assistant, gathering information you need to go
about your day.
To do all that, they need the cloud. Because connected cars need data. Lots of data. Automobiles
today are already packed with an impressive amount of processing power, because some 100
million lines of software code help run the typical luxury vehicle. But as connected cars before
were sophisticated rolling wired devices, the amount of information flowing back and forth from
them will skyrocket. And so they will demand for the clouds scalability and storage
capabilities.
The cloud also provides sophisticated processing and analytical capabilities. The cloud is the
central hub where all of this quickly changing, far-flung information will pass through. It will
provide the platform for making sense of this data. And the cloud is also the home for building
and developing the apps and programs used by cars on the road.
What does that add up to practically? A car linked to the cloud, tapping into your apps, devices,
and preferences will tailor the driving experience to you. When youre getting ready to go out in
the morning, your car will link to the cloud and check the weather, your to-do list from your
calendar, and the traffic to help you plan your route for the day, rerouting you when youre on
your way if you get behind schedule or run into traffic. Or a rental car would recognize you when
you slip into the drivers seat and automatically adjusts to your preferences changing the
mirrors, giving you an update from your calendar of your schedule, and lining up your iTunes
playlist.

Connected cars, meantime, will help cities and states cut down on congestion and improve
safety. On the road, cars will talk to each other, automatically transmitting data such as speed,
position, and direction, and send alerts to each other if a crash seems imminent. This future of
vehicle-to-vehicle, or V2V communication, is already in the works, with the U.S. Department of
Transportation announcing early this year that it plans to start taking steps to enable V2V
communication.
At the same time, communities are mapping out ways to put connected cars at the center of more
energy efficient, smarter traffic management systems. IBM conducted a smarter traffic pilot with
the Dutch city of Eindhoven, demonstrating how the connected car automatically shares braking,
acceleration and location data that can be analyzed by the central traffic authority to identify and
resolve road network issues.
Weve just started to see what the connected car could become. Whats clear, though, is that the
auto industry is in for massive change. And that the cloud is one of the main technological forces
driving this transformation. Security and privacy issues will arise, too. A V2V system could
create new "threat vectors" that allow someone to hack into a vehicle's electronic control unit and
potentially "control a vehicle or manipulate its responses" in new and dangerous ways, the report
adds.
"By warning drivers of imminent danger, V2V technology has the potential to dramatically
improve highway safety," said NHTSA deputy administrator David Friedman in a statement.
"V2V technology is ready to move toward implementation, and this report highlights the work
NHTSA and DOT are doing to bring this technology and its great safety benefits into the nation's
light vehicle fleet."

II. OVERALL DESIGN

In a country where hundreds of one lanes are there, we can incorporate technology into the
vehicles.In India almost ten person dies in a traffic accident every hour. Nearly 80% on roads ,
mainly from people attempting to overtake. Samsang has suggested built in wireless cameras in
front and four rear outdoor monitors at the back of the vehicle.This will help the vehicle behind
to give information about blind spot. In this paper, we have addressed the medical emergency,
where the value of time becomes tangible. Minutes can make the difference between life and

death; disability and recovery. By lessening the time it takes to diagnose and treat a patient,
smart, internet-connected devices will lead to fundamental improvements in emergency medical
care
Here the system (ambulance) takes the information from other vehicles through GPS
equipments, and sends the signal to the internet using wireless technology. Control center
receives the information and resends it to the real-time database system where the information
will be analyzed and displayed on GIS. Otherwise, the communication between the control
center and internet is bidirectional, on the basis of comparing of the received data and setting
value, the system will .Connected devices provide drivers with
3600 degree awareness of similar equipped vehicle with a distance of approximately 300m.The
The drivers are provided with forward collision warning,weather related traffic and safety issues
when roads are slipry through GPS. Multiple connected vehicle can help to communicate about
the damaged road or any breakdown of vehicles and warn the drivers before experiencing them
and also warn to slow down and change the lane..

III.SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
A. Internet of Things
Internet of Things (IoT) semantically means a worldwide network of interconnected objects
uniquely addressable based on standard communication protocols, which is a novel paradigm
that is rapidly gaining ground in the scenario of modern wireless telecommunications. The basic
idea of this concept is the pervasive presence around
us of a variety of things or objects such as (RFID) tags, sensors, actuators, mobile vehicles, etc.
which, through
unique addressing schemes, are able to interact with each other and cooperate with their
neighbors to reach common
goals [31]. Potentialities offered by the IoT make possible the development of a huge number of
applications, of which can be grouped into the following domains [32]: (1) Traffic transportation
and logistics domain. (2) Healthcare domain.(3) Smart environment (home, office, plant)
domain. (4)Personal and social domain.
B. GPS

A GPS consists of three discrete parts as it is shown in the following Figure 4. These three parts
are: the satellites in orbit, the ground control stations, and the users (satellite receivers found in
land, air, sea). For the part of satellites in orbit, twenty-four (24) satellites are in orbit, of which
twenty to twenty-one (2021) are in operation. Four (4) from these 21 satellites are visible at any
time from any station on earth. The vertical and horizontal position for each specific station is
feasible to be obtained in the form of X ,Y , Z coordinates (position vector). The information
concerning the speed (dx/dt, dy/dt, dz/dt) of a vehicle, airplane, ship etc. is also available all over
the world, at any time, and under all weather conditions [34]. Ground control station consists of
master control station, monitoring station and injecting station. Master control station performs
calculation of satellite ephemeris and correction parameters of satellite clock, and injection of
these data into the satellites. Moreover it controls the satellite and issue a directive to it, and it
also has the same function as a monitoring station. Monitoring station performs receiving
satellite signals; monitoring the working status of satellites; injecting station performs injecting
satellite ephemeris and correction parameters of satellite clock.

There are a lot of applications of global positioning system (GPS) technology in many scientific
fields all over the world, among which, it allows the accurate positioning of an object using
satellite signals.
C. GPRS
The general packet radio service (GPRS), a data extension of the mobile telephony standard
GSM, is emerging as the first true packet-switched architecture to allow mobile subscribers to
benefit from high-speed transmission rates and run data applications from their mobile terminals.
It is a GSM-based wireless packet switching technology, providing end to end and wide-area

wireless IP connectivity, whose purpose is to provide packet-based form of data services for
GSM users. GPRS provides high-speed wireless IP services for mobile users, fully supports the
TCP/IP, dynamically allocates IP addresses for the mobile sites and achieves mobile Internet
functions, accessing to the Internet through GGSN. Any kind of business in the fixed Internet
will also be able to be achieved through GPRS mobile networks [35]. Two new network nodes
GGSN and the SGSN are introduced for transmission and reception of GPRS data packets. Node
GGSN is a gateway connecting GPRS network with external data network, by which GPRS
packet data packets can be performed protocol conversion, so these data packets can be sent to a
remote TCP/IP. The main role of node SGSN is to record the current location information for
mobile terminals and complete the sending and receiving of packet data between mobile terminal
and GGSN. GPRS terminal obtains data from the client system through the interface and treated
GPRS packet data are sentto GSM base station. And then after the data are packaged by the
SGSN, the communication begins between GPRS backbone network and the gateway support
node GGSN. GGSN performs a corresponding processing to packet data and sends them to the
destination network Internet. GPRS architecture is as shown in Figure 5[36][37][38].

II.

Design of Network Architecture

The objective of intelligent traffic monitoring system is to actualize automatic monitoring for traffic vehicles. In

order to reach this objective, we should firstly solve three problems. The first one is how to identify and detect these
mobile objects. The next one is how to obtain the positions of them. At last, detected data of these mobile objects
should be transmitted from outside to monitoring center for processing and calculation, and when mobile vehicles
are far from cities beyond the range covered with Internet, how to carry the data for them? To solve these problems,
we have designed a novel network architecture for intelligent traffic monitoring as shown in Figure 6.

Here each vehicle is equipped with a built in wireless camera in front and four rear outdoor monitors at the back, so
that the vehicle behind get information about blind spot to avoid collision and
accidents .Synchronously, a GPS receiver installed in a monitoring station can communicate with GPS satellites to
obtain its position information that is taken as a position parameter of the vehicle. So with this method the position
data of mobile vehicle is also captured.To solve the third problem, we take wireless GPRS scheme to transmit data
of mobile objects. GPRS provides highspeed wireless IP services for mobile users, fully supports the TCP/IP,
dynamically allocates IP addresses for the mobile sites and achieves mobile Internet functions, so it can be
connected with Internet seamlessly[39][40][41].
B.Data flow analysis