1

HOMEWORK1
51. Solve each of these:

a
log 16 2=x

16 x =2

Solution:

x=

b log 3 (x - 2)+ log 3 ( x+ 4 )=3

(Change of base formula)

log 2
log 16

x=

log 3 (x - 2) ( x+4 )=log(3)

Solution:

x - 2) ( x+ 4 )=27
c)

4 x +5=64 x

Solution:

x=5

4 x +5=4 3 x

x+ 5=3 x

d e2 x =10.4

Solution:

x=5/2

lne 2 x =ln10.4

2x=ln10.4

e lnxln ( x4 )=ln 3

1
4

Solution:

ln

x= 1.1709

x
=ln 3
x 4

x=3 x12

x=6

52. The population of a country doubled in 8 years. What was the exponential growth rate?

let P o=initial population

2 P o=Po (1+r )8

2=(1+ r )8

Hence, the exponential growth rate is

r= 8 21

53. Suppose $8,000 is invested at rate k, compounded continuously, and grows to $11,466.64 in 6
years.
a) Find the interest rate.
Answer:

P=Po e

kt

11, 466.64=8000 e k 6
Hence, k = 0.060000

b) Find the exponential growth function

Answer: The exponential growth function is

P=8000 e

0.06 t

c) Find the balance after 10 years

Answer:

P10=8000 e 0.06 (10)

= 14 576.95 (balance after ten years)

d) Find the doubling time

Answer:

2 ( 8000 )=8000 e .06t

t=11.55 years

54. Average cellphones prices have fallen sharply since their introduction to the market in 1983. In
1984, the average price was $3395, and in 2002, it was only $145. Assuming the average price of
a cellphone decreased according to the exponential model:
a)
Find the value of k and write an exponential function that describes the average price of a
cellphone after time t, in years, where t is the number of years since 1984.
Answer:

let :3395=Po e k(0) and 145 =

Po e k(18)

3395=P o
k =0.175185
Hence,
b)

Estimate the price of cellphone in 2004

Answer:

c)

P=3395 e0.175185 t

P2004 =3395 e0.175185 ( 20) = 102.14

At what time t was the price half the original price?

Answer:

3395
0.175185 t
=3395 e
2
t=3.9567 years

HOMEWORK 2

55. Find the distance between each pair of points.

A) (-3,7) and (2,11)

since [2002-1984= 18 years]

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Solution and answer:

d= ( 2+ 3)2 +(117)2 =

34

= 6.403

B) (-3/5, -4) and (-3/5, 2/3)

Solution and answer:

d= (

2
3 3 2 2
+ ) +( + 4) =
5 5
3

(14 / 3)2

= 4.667

56. Find the vertex, focus, and directrix, then sketch each parabola:
A)

y =2 x

Vertex: (0, 0 Focus: (-1/2, 0)

B)

Directrix:

1
2

( x+ 2 )2=6 ( y 1 )
( xh )2=4 p ( yk )
Vertex (h, k): (-2, 1)

C)

x=

y 2+ yx4=0

Answer:

1 2
17
= x+
2
4

( ) (
y+

Parabola equation
Focus: (-2, -1/2)

Directrix: y= 5/2

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Vertex: (-17/4, -1/2)

Focus: (p + h, k); (-4, -1/2)

Directrix: (x=-p + h); x= -9/2

57. Find the center and radius of the circle:

x 2+ y 2 +6 x10 y =0
Answer:

(xh)2 +( y k )2=r 2
2

(x+ 3)2 +( y5)2=( 34 )

Center: (-3, 5)

radius:

34

58. Find the center, vertices, and the foci of each ellipse.
a)

x2 y 2
+ =1
25 36

Answer: a > b > 0 (along the y-axis)

Center: (0, 0)

Vertices: (0,-6) and (0, 6)

Foci: (0, b)

11

) and (0,

11

16 x 2+9 y 2 =144

Answer: a > b > 0 (along the y-axis)

Center: (0, 0) Vertices: (0, -4) and (0, 4)
c)

Foci: (0, -5) and (0, 5)

(x+ 3)2 ( y5)2

+
=1
25
36

Answer: parallel to the y-axis

Center: (-3, 5)

61

Vertices: (-3, 11) and (-3, -1)

Foci: (-3, 5-

61

) and (-3, 5+

)
d)

x 2+2 y 210 x +8 y +29=0

Answer:

Center: (5, -2)

-2)

( x5) + 2( y +2) =4

parallel to the x-axis

Vertices: (3, -2) and (7, -2)

Foci: (5-

, -2) and (5+

59. Find the center, vertices, and the foci of hyperbola.

x2 y 2
=1
25 9

a)

Answer:

Center: (0, 0)

Vertices: (-5, 0) and (5, 0)

Foci: (-

34

, 0) and (

34

0)

25 x2 16 y 2=400

b)

Answer: Center: (0, 0)

2

Vertices: (-4, 0) and (4, 0)

Foci: (-

41

, 0) and (

41

, 0)

( y +3) (x+1)

=1
4
16

c)

Answer:

13

Center: (-3, -1)

Vertices: (-3, 3) and (-3, 1)

Foci: (-3-

13

, -1) and (-3+

, -2) and (5+

,-1)

9 x 24 y 2+54 x +8 y + 41=0

d)

Answer:

( x5)2+ 2( y +2)2 =4

Center: (5, -2)

parallel to the x-axis

Vertices: (3, -2) and (7, -2)

Foci: (5-

, -2)

60. Classify each of the following as a parabola, circle, ellipse, or hyperbola. Explain your reasoning.
a)

y =164 x

Answer: Ellipse ( all circle are ellipses since its discriminant is

negative)
b)

x 2=4 y 2+36

Answer: Hyperbola (since it has positive discriminant)

c)

x4 +4 y= y 2

Answer: Parabola (since its discriminant is zero)

d)

3 x2 +3 y 2=75

Answer: Ellipse ( all circle are ellipses since its discriminant is

negative)

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2

x +8 y 14 x2 y+ 9=0

e)

Answer: Ellipse (since its discriminant is negative)

x 5 y +5 x9 y +10=0

f)

Answer: Hyperbola (since it has positive discriminant)

61. A spotlight has a parabolic cross section that is 6ft wide at the opening and 4.5ft deep at the
vertex. How far is the focus from the vertex?
Assume a parabola with a vertex at the origin & Coordinates of (-3, 4.5) and (3, 4.5) at opening

32=4 p( 4.5)

x =4 py

p=

1
2

Therefore, the focus is 1/2ft from the

vertex
62. A carpenter is cutting a 3ft by 4ft elliptical sign from a 3ft by 4ft piece of plywood. The ellipse
will be drawn using a string attached at the foci of the ellipse. How far from the ends of the board
should the string be attached?
Answer: 2a=4;
2

a2 = 4 and 2b=3; b2 = 2.25

x
y
+
=1 ; c= 1.75
4 2.25
32 1.75
) 1/2
x=

3 7
) /2

an =(2 n+3)2 , find a 6

63. If

Solution: Sequence (n=1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)

an =(2 n+3)2

a6 =(2(6)+3)2

64. Evaluate:
5

a)

i3
i +3
i=1

Solution:

b)

(1)k 4 k+1
k=0

1 2 3 4 307
=0+ + + + =
i3
i+3
5 6 7 8 210
i=1

a6 =225

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Solution:
7

(1 )k 4 k+1=416+64256+10244096+1638465536=52, 428
k=0

65. Write in sigma notation:

a)7+14+21+28+25+

Answer:

7n
n=1

b) 49+ 1625+

(n2 )
Answer:

n=2

66. Find the 17th term of the arithmetic sequence 7, 4, 1,

Answer: Formula [

an =a1 + ( n1 ) d

Let n=17,

a1=7 , d= -3

a17=7 + ( 171 )(3 )=41

67. Find

a20 when a1=14d=3

a20=14 + ( 201 )(3 )=43

Answer:
68. Find

d when a1=5a15=26
a15=a1+ 14 d

Answer:

since

26=5+14d

69. Find the sum of the odd numbers from 1 to 199, inclusive.
Answer: common difference =2,

of all odd numbers

d=3/2

a1=1 , total of 100 odd numbers, a100 =199

100
( 1+ 199 )=10 000(1199)
S 100 =
2
HOMEWORK 3

thus

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70. A formation of marching band has 10 marchers in the front row, 12 in the second row, 14 in the
third row, and so on, for 8 rows. How many marchers are there altogether?
Answer: Given the series (10, 12, 14 8throw) and d=2 and

a1=10 marchers

Find the 8th term

a8 =10 ( 81 ) 2=24 marchers

of the 8rows

Calculate the sum

by the formula

n
S n= ( a1 +an )
2

8
S 8= (10+ 24 )=136
2
Therefore, there are 136 members in the marching band
71. Find the indicated term of each geometric sequence:
a)3, 9, 27,; 8th term
Answer:

an =a1 r n1
81

a8 =3(3)

=6561

Hence, the 8th term of the geometric sequence is

6561
b)3, 3 2 , 6,; 11th term
Answer: the common ratio is 1.41

a11 =3(1.41)111=93.17

Hence, the 11th term is 93.17

c)-8, -0.8, -0.08,; 5th term

Answer: the common ratio is 0.1

a5 =8 ( 0.1 )51=0.0008

Hence, the 5th term of the geometric sequence is

0.1
d)-1, 1, -1, 1, ; 61st term
Answer: the common ration is -1

a61=1 (1 )

611

=1

Hence, the 61st term of the geometric sequence is 1

72. Find the sum of the first 10 terms of the geometric series 16-8+4-

Answer:

a1 r n =16 ( 23 )= 32
3
n=0

73. Find the sum, if it exists:

9
a) 7+ 3 + 7 +

Answer:

1
b)100-10+1- 10 +
c)7 + 35 + 105+

7
a1 r n =7 ( 34
)= 494
n=0

Answer:

1000
=
a1 r n =100 ( 10
11 ) 11
n=0

Answer: sum does not exist since its common ratio > 1

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74. To create a college fund, a parent makes a sequence of 18 yearly deposits of $1500 each in a
savings account on which interest is compounded annually at 3.5%. Find the amount of the
annuity.

Answer:

(1+0.35)
1500[ 181]
=19 784.52
(amount of the annuity)
( 1+.035 )18 (.035)
P=

75. A ball is dropped from a height of 20ft and always rebounds of the distance fallen.
a)How high does it rebound the 5th time?
Answer: 20ft x = 5ft (n= 5, 5/4, 5/16, 5/64, 5/256)

a5 =5

1
4

51

()

5
ft
256

b) Find the total sum of the rebound heights of the ball.

Answer:

a1 r n =5 ( 43 )= 20
3
n=0