Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Hansjoachim Bluhm
Pulsed Power Systems
Hansjoachim Bluhm
.
@ Q:>:=P []% :V Q8BY=& =QB Q)PZ) VB 8)=D )@5:@))PQ @& Q#:)@V:QVQ -PB>
BV8)P 1)=&Q VB )#B>) ->:=:P [:V8 V8) Q:# :&)Q @& >)V8B&Q B- DY=Q)&
DB[)P @& VB #8:)Z) QBY@& ;Y&5)>)@V B- :VQ DBV)@V:= YQ)-Y=@)QQ -BP QB=Z:@5
V8):P DPB =)>QH 8) >:@ #8P#V)P:QV:# B- DY=Q)& DB[)P :Q V8) Z)P] 8:58
D)<9VB9Z)P5) DB[)P PV:BH 8)P)-BP) :V #@ )\D=B:V V8P)Q8B=& @& @B@=:@)P
).)#VQH @BV8)P Q)V B- )@)1VQ #@ P)QY=V -PB> V8) Q8BPV DY=Q) &YPV:B@%
[8:#8 ==B[Q B@) VB )\D=B:V V8) V:>) &B>:@ E)H5H :@ P&P @& 3Q8 9
P] P&:B5PD8]F BP VB ZB:& #B>D)V:@5 DPB#)QQ)Q E)H5H )=)#VP:# P)<&B[@
BP 8)V =BQQ)QFH Y=Q)&9DB[)P >)V8B&Q 8Z) -)PV:=:Q)& >@] &:Q#:D=:@)Q :@
)=)#VP:#= )@5:@))P:@5% )\D)P:>)@V= D8]Q:#Q% :BV)#8@B=B5]% -BB& V)#8@B=B5]
@& >V)P:= Q#:)@#)H
8)@
QVPV)& V8) #BYPQ) B@ DY=Q)& DB[)P :@ CAA2%
P)=:Q)& V8) =#<
B- @ :@VPB&Y#VBP] V)\V BB<H =V8BY58 #B==)#V:B@ B- Y@DY =:Q8)& V)#8@:9
#= DD)PQ )>@V:@5 -PB> V8) [BP< B- HH PV:@ V =&)P>QVB@ :@ V8)
CAT_Q @& CAS_Q B@ @@BQ)#B@& :@V)@Q) 3Q8 9P] QBYP#)Q -BP P&:B5PD8]
[Q :@ #B>>B@ YQ) V >@] DY=Q)&9DB[)P = BPVBP:)Q% V8:Q [Q @BV @ &)9
JYV) QY QV:VYV) -BP V)\V BB<H 8:Q Q:VYV:B@ &:& @BV #8@5) [8)@% :@ CAAT%
H PV:@% H Y)@V8)P% @& H P:QV:@Q)@ DY =:Q8)& HH PV:@OQ DD)PQ
:@ BB< )@V:V=)& "" #%
&$
(#H )Z)PV8)=)QQ% >@] B- V8)
)>D:P:#= -BP>Y=) &)P:Z)& ] HH PV:@ P) QV:== Z)P] YQ)-Y= :@ &)Q:5@:@5
DY=Q)&9DB[)P Q]QV)>Q @& 8Z) ))@ P)DPB&Y#)& :@ V8) DP)Q)@V BB<% 5)@)P9
==] <))D:@5 V8) BP:5:@= DP#V:#= Y@:VQH
8) :&)= V)\V BB< [:== @)Z)P ) #B>D=)V)&H )[ @& )\#:V:@5 &)Z)=BD9
>)@VQ DD)P #B@V:@YBYQ=]% @& V8) P)&)P :Q P)-)PP)& VB V8) &:5)QVQ B- V)#89
@:#= DD)PQ B- V8) :@@Y= Q)P:)Q B- V8)
@V)P@V:B@= Y=Q)& B[)P
B@-)P)@#)Q% V8) P)#BP&Q B- V8) B[)P B&Y=VBP ]>DBQ:% @& V8) DPB#))&9
:@5Q B- V8)
@V)P@V:B@= B@-)P)@#)Q B@ :589B[)P PV:#=) )>Q -BP V8)
=V)QV &Z@#)>)@VQH
K(,#(
BP >@] ])PQ% V8) >;BP:V] B- @)[ &)Z)=BD>)@VQ :@ DY=Q)& DB[)P D9
D)P)& :@ V8) % @& V8)
@V)P@V:B@= Y=Q)& B[)P B@-)P)@#)Q%
8)=& Q:@#) CAST )\#=YQ:Z)=] :@ V8) % Y@&)P=:@) V8:Q QVV)>)@VH =QB%
VBB<
>] 1PQV QV)DQ :@ V8:Q 1)=& &YP:@5 QV] V BP@)== @:Z)PQ:V]% )[ BP<
VV)% :@ CA*_% [8)P) V V8V V:>) V8) @)[ &:Q#:D=:@) B- #B==)#V:Z) DY=Q)& :B@
)>Q [Q #B>:@5 :@VB )\:QV)@#)H -V)P V8) -== B- V8)
PB@ YPV:@% 8B[)Z)P%
:V )#>) DDP)@V V8V @ )JY==] =P5) &Z@#)>)@V :@ DY=Q)& DB[)P 8&
))@ >&) :@ V8) -BP>)P BZ:)V @:B@H =V8BY58 >@] B- V8) B ;)#V:Z)Q [)P)
DYP)=] >:=:VP]% QB>) Z)P] -PY:V-Y= :@@BZV:B@Q -BP #:Z:= DD=:#V:B@Q )#>)
&:Q#=BQ)& VBB% VP:55)P:@5 @Y> )P B- QY##)QQ-Y= #:Z:= DPB5P>>)Q% )QD)#:==]
:@ D@ @& YPBD)% YV =QB V Q)Z)P= Y@:Z)PQ:V:)Q :@ V8) H )#)@V=]% V8)
@)[ &:Q#:D=:@) B- :B)=)#VP:#Q% [8BQ) QY ;)#V :Q V8) QVY&] B- V8) :@V)P#V:B@
)V[))@ QVPB@5 DY=Q)& )=)#VP:# 1)=&Q @& :B=B5:#= #)==Q% 8Q 5PB[@ PD:&=] :@
V8) E=& B>:@:B@ @:Z)PQ:V]% BP-B=<% :P5:@:F% D@ EY>>BVB
@:Z)PQ:V]% ]YQ8Y
Q=@&F% )P>@] EBPQ#8Y@5Q^)@VPY> P=QPY8)F% @&
BV8)P #BY@VP:)QH
V :Q -:P VB Q] V8V V8) Q)=)#V:B@ B- V8) VBD:#Q B- V8) #8D9
V)PQ B- V8:Q BB< B@ DD=:#V:B@Q =)@Q >:@=] VB[P&Q >] B[@ :@V)P)QVQ @&
V8BQ) B- >] P)Q)P#8 5PBYD :@ V8)
@QV:VYV) -BP Y=Q)& B[)P @& :#PB[Z)
)#8@B=B5] V BPQ#8Y@5Q^)@VPY> P=QPY8)H
=V8BY58 V8) =P5)QV DPV B- V8:Q BB< [Q [BP<)& B@ &YP:@5 [))<)@&Q @&
)Z)@:@5Q% Q:\9>B@V8 QV] Q Z:Q:V:@5 DPB-)QQBP V Y>>BVB @:Z)PQ:V] :@
X__W ##)=)PV)& :VQ #B>D=)V:B@H 8)P)-BP)%
> Z)P] 5PV)-Y= VB H <:]>
-BP 8:Q <:@& :@Z:VV:B@H Y=Q)&9DB[)P Q#:)@#) V BPQ#8Y@5Q^)@VPY> P=QPY8)
[BY=& @)Z)P 8Z) ))@ DBQQ: =) [:V8BYV V8) :@:V:V:Z) B- H )QQ=)P :@ CASA
VB )5:@ @ :@V)@Q) =:58V9:B@9 )> DPB5P>>) -BP :@)PV:= -YQ:B@ )@)P5] V
V8)
@QV:VYV) B- )YVPB@ 8]Q:#Q @& )#VBP )#8@B=B5]H BB@ -V)P 8:Q P)9
V:P)>)@V :@ CAAA% :V [Q &)#:&)& VB QVBD V8) =:58V9:B@9 )> DPB5P>>) :@
P=QPY8)H Q -P)JY)@V=] 8DD)@Q :@ Q#:)@V:1# P)Q)P#8% #P:Q:Q P:@5Q [:V8
:V V8) #8@#) B- @)[ )5:@@:@5% @&
> V8@<-Y= VB H 8Y>> V8V 8)
#B@QV@V=] QYDDBPV)& BYP @)[ DDPB#8)Q VB[P&Q :@&YQVP:= DD=:#V:B@Q BDY=Q)& DB[)P :@ V8) @)[=] -BY@&)&
@QV:VYV) -BP Y=Q)& B[)P @& :#PB[Z)
)#8@B=B5]H 8) BB< #B>)Q [:V8 #B@V:@:@5 V8) Z)P] YQ)-Y= VP@Q>:Q9
Q:B@ =:@) #B&)
% [P:VV)@ ] >] -BP>)P #B==)5Y) H YQ#8% [8B>
[BY=& =:<) VB V8@< -BP 8:Q 5P))>)@V VB :@#=Y&) V8) DPB5P> :@ V8) BB<H
=QB%
[BY=& =:<) VB V8@< >] #B==)5Y)Q H @% H Y>Y@5% H P)]%
H :)Q)% H BDD)% H '
Y==)P% H #<% H #8Y=V8):6 @& H ):Q)@ YP5)P%
[8BQ) )\D)PV:Q) :@ DY=Q)& DB[)P )@V)P)& :@VB V8:Q BB<H
] [:-) PQY= #)PV:@=] QY.)P)& =BV &YP:@5 V8) 1@=:QV:B@ B- V8:Q BB<%
[8:#8 B-V)@ DP)Z)@V)& ;B:@V #V:Z:V:)Q V [))<)@&Q% @&
> Z)P] 5PV)-Y= -BP
8)P DV:)@#)H B[ :VOQ &B@)H
P=QPY8)% P#8 X__T
'%2%2/
C
S
S
*
*
CS
XW
XS
XS
W4
W*
4C
4C
42
2_
1 :)E >3:) H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
WHC Y=Q) :Q#8P5) D#:VBPQ H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
WHX P\ )@)PVBPQ H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
WHXHC =QQ:#= P\ )@)PVBPQ H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
WHXHX P\ )@)PVBP H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
WHXHW
Q:# Y=Q)&9B[)P @)P5] P@Q-)P V5) H H H H H H H H H H
WHW
@&Y#V:Z) @)P5] VBP5) H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
WHWHC B[)P @& B=V5) Y=V:D=:#V:B@ H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
WH4 BVBPQ @& B>BDB=P )@)PVBPQ H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
22
22
TW
TW
TA
S_
SW
S4
ST
C,>* ; H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
4HC =BQ:@5 [:V#8)Q H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
4HCHC
Q [:V#8)Q H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
4HCHX
)>:#B@&Y#VBP =BQ:@5 [:V#8)Q H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
*W
*W
*W
C_4
@=Q(=QL
4HCHW
5@)V:# [:V#8)Q H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
4HCH4
Y>>P] H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
4HX D)@:@5 [:V#8)Q H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
4HXHC YQ)Q H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
4HXHX
)#8@:#=
@V)PPYDV)PQ H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
4HXHW YD)P#B@&Y#V:@5 D)@:@5 [:V#8)Q H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
4HXH4
=Q> D)@:@5 [:V#8)Q H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
4HXH2 =Q> =B[ [:V#8)Q H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
4HXHT
)>:#B@&Y#VBP D)@:@5 [:V#8)Q EQF H H H H H H H H H H H
CCT
CCA
CCA
CX_
CXC
CXW
CXW
CXS
CXS
CW2
CW2
CW*
C4_
C4X
C2S
C2S
C2A
CTC
<
CAW
CAW
CAW
CAW
CA2
CAS
CA*
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
X_W
X_W
X_W
X_4
X_S
'
C44
C42
C2X
CTW
CSA
C*4
C*4
C**
C**
@=Q(=QL
,)13;>,; H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
AHC =)#VPB>5@)V:#9:)=& )@QBPQ H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
AHCHC D#:V:Z) )@QBPQ H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
AHCHX
@&Y#V:Z) )@QBPQ H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
AHX YPP)@V9:)[:@5 )Q:QVBPQ EQF H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
AHW YPP)@V )QYP)>)@VQ Q)& B@ V8) P&] .)#V H H H H H H H H H
AH4 =)#VP:#9:)=& )QYP)>)@VQ Q)& B@ =)#VPB9DV:# .)#VQ H H
AH2 5@)V:#
B@ @)P5] @=]Q)PQ H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
AHT #YY> B=V5) B@:VBPQ H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
XCC
XCC
XCX
XC4
XC*
XX_
XXX
XXW
XX4
XXS
XXS
XXS
XWX
XWX
XWT
XWS
XW*
XW*
X4_
X2S
X2S
X2S
X2*
X2A
XT_
XT2
XTS
XS_
XSC
XSS
XSA
XSA
X*C
X*C
X*T
X4T
X4*
@=Q(=QL
X**
XAX
XAX
XA2
XAS
XAA
W_C
W_4
# : 1 ; H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H W_S
1 D H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H WXW
9$'#/
$
$6
'
)
E& KF
E F
E=F
&*
%
EKF
0
.
7
:
1E=F
1EKF
2
3
3
7
8
8;
:
$
=
D
&*
E
G
K
O
OE=F
OEKF
O
- %
K(U8Q8@=L
X< @;L
#"&
Q#"&
R
E F
<:@)V:# )@)P5]
<:@)V:#9)@)P5] &)@Q:V]
QDV:= #BBP&:@V)
BY@5OQ >B&Y=YQ
:>D)&@#)
@Y> )P B- ==B[)& QVV)Q D)P Y@:V )@)P5] :@V)PZ= V
!
!& % !*
#
:B@:QV:B@ #B)/#:)@V
:B@:QV:B@ #B)/#:)@VQ -BP )=)#VPB@Q @& 8B=)Q :@ Q)>:#B@&Y#VBP
OJ$ , DPV:#=) Z)=B#:V] P)=V:Z) VB V8) Z)=B#:V] B- =:58VR 1)=& )@9
8@#)>)@V -#VBP
5>> -Y@#V:B@
<J!R P)=V:Z:QV:# -#VBP
>\:>Y> QVP)QQU>)@ QVP)QQR &)V#8>)@V #B)/#:)@V
>5@)V:#93Y\ Q<:@ &)DV8
=BQQ -#VBP
P)=V:Z) &:)=)#VP:# #B@QV@V
D)P>:VV:Z:V] B- -P)) QD#)
QYP-#) )@)P5]
)/#:)@#]R )=)#VPB@ VV#8>)@V #B)/#:)@V
>B>)@V B- :@)PV:
P)#B@15YPV:B@ )@)P5]
>)@ -P)) DV8 )V[))@ #B==:Q:B@QR V8)P>= #B@&Y#V:Z:V]
P)=V:Z) D)P>) :=:V]R >B :=:V]
D)P>) :=:V] B- -P)) QD#)
)=)#VPB@ @& 8B=) >B :=:V:)Q :@ Q)>:#B@&Y#VBP
-P)JY)@#]
)=)#VPB@+:B@ #B==:Q:B@ -P)JY)@#]
P)=V:Z) )\D)#V)& -:=YP) PV) V QVP)QQ
Q#8)@ -Y@#V:B@
P)3)#V:B@ #B)/#:)@V
>#PBQ#BD:# #PBQQ9Q)#V:B@
]:)=& QVP)@5V8
V)@Q:=) QVP)@5V8R >:#PBQ#BD:# #PBQQ9Q)#V:B@R #B@&Y#V:Z:V]R ZP:@#)
QV@&P& &)Z:V:B@
V:>) #B@QV@VR V:>) )V[))@ #B==:Q:B@Q
>5@)V:# 3Y\
DBV)@V:=R [BP< -Y@#V:B@
.
(
(
V5 (
*
*;
V
+
5
9
9;
9& % 9*
;
;"
SEF
F
9
H
H
L
A
%
CEF
<
K(U8Q8@=L
.6!2!'%/
]
Q)=-9D:@#8)& VP@QDBPV
QV)D P)#BZ)P] &:B&)
V8)P>= PP:)P #BV:@5
VP@QZ)PQ) )=)#VP:# E 9>B&)F
V8)P>==] 5PB[@ B\:&) Q#=)
VP@QZ)PQ) >5@)V:# E9>B&)F
VP:55)P)& Z#YY> 5D
V)P[VV
]VVP:9QV :=:Q)& ^:P#B@:
K(U8Q8@=L