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You will have the full period to complete this exam. Read each question carefully and
choose the option that best answers the question. There are 25 multiple choice/matching, 2
short answer, and 1 essay. You may mark this exam.
Multiple Choice (2 points each) For each question, select the best answer and mark the
corresponding bubble on your scantron form.
1. How is natural variation used in artificial selection?
a. Nature provides the variation among different organisms and humans select this
differences
b. Nature only produces the most fit species
c. Humans chose to bred animals with little or no natural variation
d. Natural variation is not used in artificial selection.
2. Natural selection acts on _________________ which in turn may result in the evolution
of________________ over time.
a. Populations, individuals
b. Individuals, populations
c. Species, species
d. Individuals, families
3. Pandas developed longer wrists to better eat bamboo over time and in turn increase their
chance of survival. This is an example of:
a. Fitness
b. Comparative Anatomy
c. Artificial Selection
d. Adaptation
4. Which of the following does NOT provide evidence for evolution?
a. Cytology
b. Biochemical Processes
c. Fitness
d. Comparative Anatomy
5. How does natural selection contribute to the theory of evolution?
a. Over time, natural selection results in changes in the inherited characteristics of a
population.
b. Natural selection selects for the same animals every time
c. Natural selection acts on populations
d. Over time, natural selection evolves populations
12. Below is a cladogram missing some of its parts. Use the derived characteristic chart to the
right of the cladogram and filled in clues to write in the missing parts of the cladogram.
Use this cladogram to answer questions 13-15. (Synthesis, Obj. 4)
A._____________
Trout
B._____________
_
Human
C._____________
Organism
D. __________
Backbone
Derived Character
Backbone
Legs
Hair
Earthworm
Absent
Absent
Absent
Trout
Present
Absent
Absent
Lizard
Present
Present
Absent
Human
Present
Present
Present
13. What trait separates the LEAST closely related organism from the other animals?
a. Hair
b. Legs
c. Backbone
d. None of the above
14. From this cladogram, we can conclude that ______________ shares the most recent
common ancestor with humans.
a. Lizard
b. Trout
c. Earthworm
d. None share with humans
15. Based on the cladogram above, rank each species in order of distance from the LEAST
closely related organism.
a. Human, Lizard, Trout, Earthworm
b. Earthworm, Trout, Lizard, Human
c. Lizard, Trout, Earthworm, Human
d. Human, Earthworm, Trout, Lizard
Matching (2 points each) Match the description on the left to the corresponding term on the
right. Some choices may be used more than once and some may not be used at all.
1. Studying similarities and differences in cells
between organisms _____
A. Cytology
B. Derived Characteristics
C. Homologous Trait
D. Differential Reproduction and
Success
E. Fitness
Short Answer (5 points each) Make sure to answer all parts of the question in order to receive
full points. You may right on the back of this page if you need more space.
1. Differentiate between analogous and homologous structures. Give an example of each.
Essay (10 points) Make sure to answer all parts of the question in order to receive full points.
1. Define and explain how comparative anatomy, embryology, geographic distribution of
living species and the fossil record provide evidence for evolution. Give one example for
each.