MN20 Remux Hardware

MediaNode Remultiplexer
Hardware Installation
MN20
Version 27.xx for THESYS Controller
Version 30.xx for NMX Digital Service Manager
Part Number: MAN-MN20-2730

Revision A
Harmonic Inc. 2005
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
ii
Disclaimer
Harmonic Inc. reserves the right to change any products described herein at any time, and
without prior notice. Harmonic assumes no responsibility or liability arising from the use of the
products described herein, except as expressly agreed to in writing by Harmonic. The use and
purchase of this product does not convey a license under any patent rights, copyrights, trademark
rights, or any intellectual property rights of Harmonic. Nothing hereunder constitutes a
representation or warranty that using any products in the manner described herein will not
infringe any patents of third parties.
Trademark Acknowledgments
Harmonic and all Harmonic product names are trademarks of Harmonic Inc. All other trademarks
are the property of their respective owners.
Compliance and Approval

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,
pursuant to Part 15, subpart B of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules.
These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the
equipment is operated in a commercial environment.
This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy. It may cause harmful
interference to radio communications if it is not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions in this manual. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
harmful interference. If this occurs, the user will be required to correct the interference at their
own expense.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept
any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Connections between the Harmonic equipment and other equipment must be made in a manner
that is consistent with maintaining compliance with FCC radio frequency emission limits.
Modifications to this equipment not expressly approved by Harmonic may void the authority
granted to the user by the FCC to operate this equipment.
iii
Compliance with Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Harmonic Inc. intends to fully comply with the European Unions Directive 2002/96/EC as
amended by Directive 2003/108/EC, on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, also known
as WEEE. Harmonic understands all of its products to fall under the WEEE Directive Annex 1A
category of IT and telecommunications equipment, since all of our products are built and sold
for the ...transmitting sound, images or other information by telecommunications. (Annex 1B).
As a result, our products all are exempt from the RoHS Directives lead-free requirements only as
far as the use of lead in solders (RoHS Directive (2002/95/EC) Annex, item 7: lead in solders for
network infrastructure equipment for switching, signaling, transmission as well as network
management for telecommunication.
Harmonic will ensure that all product which cannot be re-used will be recycled in compliance with
the WEEE Directive. To that end, users are advised that (1) Harmonic equipment is not to be
discarded in household or office garbage, (2) Harmonic Inc. will pay the freight for shipment of
equipment to be disposed of if it is returned to Harmonic, (3) customers may call the normal RMA
telephone numbers to arrange for such shipment, and (4) customers may consult the Harmonic
website (http://harmonicinc.com/recyling) for additional and updated information on this process.
Regulatory Standards and Agency Approvals

The following tables list regulatory standards and agency approvals:
North America
Standards
Agency Approval
EMI: FCC Part 15, subpart B, ICES003, Issue 2, Class A
FCC
Safety: UL 60950, CSA 60950
cTUV-us mark
European
Standards
Agency Approval
EMI/EMC: EN55022, Class A,

EN55024
CE
Safety: EN 60950
TUV-GS-Mark, CE
iv
Table of Contents
Preface
1
Introduction
Network Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Basic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Redundant System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Digital Turnaround System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Related Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Input Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
MediaView Encoders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
CAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Modulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Communications Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Network Management Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
THESYS Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
NMX Digital Service Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
DiviTrackXE Statistical Multiplexing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Preventing Remultiplexer Oversubscription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
DiviTrackXE Minimum Software Version Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Specifications
General Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Optional 48 VDC Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
AC Power Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
vi Table of Contents
Fuse Holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ethernet Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fault Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
M2P Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
M2S Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unpacking the Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing the Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ESD Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing a Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rack Mounting the Remultiplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chassis Warnings for Rack Mounting and Servicing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rack Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cooling and Airflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Floor Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer Rack Stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rack-Mount Kit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mounting the Remultiplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Attaching the Rack Rails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Attaching the Support Brackets to the Rail and Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Attaching the Chassis to the Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cabling the Remultiplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting the Ethernet Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting Input Devices to a Remultiplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting a Remultiplexer to an Output Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting Power Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AC Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48 VDC Power Supply (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
15
16
16
17
18
19
21
22
22
22
23
23
24
24
25
25
25
26
26
27
28
29
30
30
32
32
33
33
Modules
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Module Slot Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Module Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Access Control Module (ACM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the ACM in a CAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Entitlement Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Control Word Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
36
38
38
38
39
39
41
Table of Contents vii
ACMs and TCP Socket Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Access Control Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Ethernet Port Pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
ASI Remultiplexer Module (ARM and ARM-4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
ATM/OC-3 Output Module (AOM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
IP Encapsulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Calculating External Equipment Bit Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Calculating the Peak Cell Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Avoiding VC Overflows from Clock Tolerance Variations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Configuring Network Clocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Allocating Bandwidth Rates for VCs on the AOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Circuit Flow for AOM Output and OIM Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Audio Encoder Module (AEM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
D-Audio Connector Pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
A-Audio Input Connector Pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Data Input Module (DIM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Unformatted Data Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
MPEG-2 Transport Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Output Scheduler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
DIM Network Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Ethernet Pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
EIA-232 Pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
DS3/ATM Output Module (DOM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
DS1 Sync In Pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Ethernet Output Module (EOM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
EOM Redundancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
IP Encapsulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
viii Table of Contents
Ethernet Link LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Module Placement and Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EOM Port Pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
M2P Converter Module (MCM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monitor Decoder Module (MDM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Audio and Closed Captioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Onscreen Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Module Placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Performance Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A-Audio Connector Pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S-Video Out Connector Pinouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Multiple Output Module (MOM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OC-3/ATM Input Module (OIM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit Flow for OIM Input and AOM Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Remultiplexer (RMX) Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
75
75
75
79
80
80
81
82
82
83
83
84
85
87
88
89
89
90
91
91
93
94
95
96
96
Filters and Fuses

Air Filter Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Removing the Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Cleaning the Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Fuse Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
EMM Peak Data Rates

Reducing EMM Data Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Customer Support Information

Contacting Harmonic for Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Documentation Feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Harmonic Documentation Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Preface
This manual describes the Harmonic MN20 remultiplexer and how it fits
into your network. This guide also describes hardware features,
components, modules, and cables. For information about configuring
your network management system, see the THESYS Controller Installation
and Startup guide or the NMX Installation and Startup guide and their
related online help.
Before using this guide, you should be familiar with digital transmission
technology, multiplexing, and the type of delivery system you are using
(satellite, cable, MMDS, terrestrial broadcast, or xDSL).
Manual Contents
This guide contains the following topics:
Chapter 1, Introduction, introduces the Harmonic components and

other equipment that compose a typical multiplexing system.
Chapter 2, Specifications, provides a detailed description of the

MN20 remultiplexer. It describes the physical characteristics of the
chassis design, front panel, back panel, and back panel connectors.
Chapter 3, Hardware Installation, provides information for installing

the MN20 remultiplexer in a rack, precautions when handling the
modules, and the cabling connections of the remultiplexer.
Chapter 4, Modules, provides detailed descriptions of the modules

available for the MN20 remultiplexer. Each module section provides
features and specifications for the module. Each section also presents
an overview of the modules basic functionality.
xii
Preface
Appendix A, Filters and Fuses, describes how to clean and replace

the air filter and how to check and replace the fuse in case of a power
supply failure.
Appendix B, EMM Peak Data Rates, describes how to find and

reduce EMM peak data rates.
Appendix C, Customer Support Information, provides information for

reaching Harmonic Customer Support and a form that you can use to
comment on this guide.
Glossary lists commonly used industry-wide terms as well as terms

used in this guide.
Chapter 1
Introduction
This chapter describes how the MediaNode MN20 remultiplexer fits into
your system network. The MN20 remultiplexer accepts MPEG-2 transport
streams from multiple encoders, other remultiplexers, servers, or
switches and combines them into one or more transport streams. The
remultiplexer then outputs them to delivery systems such as cable,
broadcast, satellite, MMDS, or an ATM, or IP network. See Chapter 4,
Modules, for information about the physical input and output ports
supported on the MN20 remultiplexer.
In addition to combining transport streams, a remultiplexer serves as:
An expansion unit for audio-only or data-only services. You can

customize the remultiplexer by inserting application-specific input and
output modules into one or more slots in the chassis.
A single point of insertion for a conditional access system (CAS) when

configured with one or more Access Control Modules (ACMs).
An MPEG-2 program clock reference (PCR) restamper and packet

identifier (PID) remapper.
Note: Read the THESYS Controller or NMX Digital Service Manager

release notes to see which features and modules are supported in your
device.
2 Network Overview
CHAPTER 1
Network Overview
The following sections describe sample networks of basic systems,
redundant systems, and digital turnaround systems. Design your network
systems so that traffic flow is reasonable. Additionally, you might want to
change all timeout alarms to be non-service-affecting.
Basic System
This figure illustrates a basic program delivery system with audio and
video encoded by Harmonic DiviCom encoders and data or pre-encoded
data connected to the MN20 remultiplexer inputs. The remultiplexer
combines the streams and outputs the combined stream to a modulator
for transmission over a communications link such as cable, a satellite, or
a terrestrial broadcast system. The subscriber receives and decodes the
signal with a set-top box.
Introduction
Network Overview 3
Redundant System
Install redundant MN20 remultiplexers to guard against a service loss if a
remultiplexer fails. The following illustration of a headend depicts a single
backup for a primary remultiplexer using an A/B switch, such as a
Universal IF switch. Other components, such as the modulator and the
encoders, also have redundant pairs.
4 Related Equipment
CHAPTER 1
Digital Turnaround System

In a digital turnaround system, pre-encoded MPEG-2 signals from a
number of sources are brought together for redistribution in the MN20
remultiplexer. Reusing encoded programs is more efficient, saving time
and cost. Instead of encoding every program at each regional headend,
you encode a program once at the super headend. Sources of encoded
programs may include:
Output from local encoders
Another MN20 remultiplexer
Satellite demodulator/descrambler, such as the Motorola IRT1000

and IRT2000
IP-to-MPEG-2 encapsulated data through an Ethernet port
Output from a video server
After the MN20 receives the various input signals, the remultiplexer
provides the necessary program grooming and scrambling. The MN20
then outputs transport streams to a delivery system.
Note: When the input source to the MN20 is a digital turnaround feed
with multiple VBR streams, and the output of the MN20 is configured to
use only a subset of the digital turnaround input streams, each of the
input streams must be set up to provision for the peak rate. Defining
each of the streams with the nominal rate may not be sufficient, and an
oversubscription alarm may occur.
Related Equipment
In addition to the MN20 remultiplexer, a typical MPEG-2 encoding
system consists of video, audio, or data input, one or more encoders,
additional remultiplexers, THESYS Controller or NMX Digital Service
Manager, a communications link, conditional access equipment, and a
decoder.
A small system might have a single encoder. A medium-sized system
might consist of several encoders and a remultiplexer. A large system
might consist of many encoders and expansion units with multiple layers
of remultiplexers.
Introduction
Related Equipment 5
Input Sources
Input sources are sources of program material. This includes analog or
digital video tape decks, satellite downlink channels, live video programs,
audio sources, turnaround, or data from computers and servers.
MediaView Encoders
A Harmonic MediaView encoder accepts analog or digital video and
audio and compresses the inputs into an MPEG-2 elementary stream.
Harmonic encoders support standard definition (SD) or high definition
(HD) video, depending on the model.
See the guide that came with your encoder for more information.
Switches
When using switches with encoders, an audio/video routing switch
routes the outputs from several video sources to a backup encoder. For
example, the Leitch System XPlus routing switch provides the ability to
select one input from many for a backup encoder.
When using switches with remultiplexers, use an A/B switch for 1:1
redundancy. See your management systems online help for more
information about switches within your network.
CAS
A conditional access system (CAS) scrambles programming material and
allows access to the descrambled information to authorized subscribers.
In consumer applications, CAS requires monetary exchange for access to
certain programs. In commercial applications, CAS allows controlled
access to proprietary programs.
Modulators
A modulator is a device that converts the output of the remultiplexer into
a format compatible with a satellite channel, cable, multichannel
multipoint distribution system (MMDS), or terrestial broadcast.
6 Related Equipment
CHAPTER 1
Communications Link
The communications link carries the multiplexed transport stream from
the encoding system to the subscriber. This link is a direct broadcast
satellite link, a coaxial cable, fiber optics system, or any other high-speed
digital communications medium. A common link is a digital-based fiber
optics link fed by ATM switches.
Network Management Systems

THESYS Controller
The THESYS Controller manages Harmonic components and
connections. THESYS Controller, working in conjunction with HP
OpenView, configures each component, monitors status, and enables
redundancy switching.
Note: THESYS does not support all MN20 modules. Refer to the THESYS
Controller Installation and Startup guide, the THESYS Controller release
notes, and the THESYS Controller online help to find out what your
release supports.
NMX Digital Service Manager

NMX Digital Service Manager provides configuration, control,
monitoring, and fault management for components and connections that
are developed for open digital television broadcast systems. NMX
supports geographically diverse sites through a server/client
architecture, and scales to support small or large networks.
Note: NMX does not support all MN20 modules. Refer to the NMX
Installation and Startup guide, the NMX release notes, and the NMX
online help to find out what your release of NMX supports.
Introduction
DiviTrackXE Statistical Multiplexing 7
DiviTrackXE Statistical Multiplexing

DiviTrackXE (XE for eXtended Efficiency) is the second generation of
DiviTrack statistical multiplexing that allows SD encoders, HD encoders,
and data to congregate in a single statistical multiplexing pool. Multiple
video pools share a pool of bandwidth and are awarded bit rates based
on their immediate needs. By sharing bandwidth, programs with lower bit
rate requirements can lend bandwidth to programs with higher bit rate
requirements. Thus, using DiviTrackXE, video streams with complex
encoding requirements can borrow bandwidth from streams with less
complex requirements on a frame-by-frame basis.
The DiviTrackXE application runs on the MN20 remultiplexer. Encoders
send bandwidth demand statistics to the MN20, and the remultiplexer
collects and processes the statistics slightly faster than the frame rate.
The remultiplexer then sends rate allocation messages back to the
encoders to synchronize the video with the required bit rates.
NMX supports multiple statistical multiplexing pools in the same output
transport if you are outputting the transport from a MOM or EOM module
in the MN20. If you use multiple pools per transport, NMX supports a
maximum of 24 video streams per transport, divided among the pools.
You can configure up to four pools per MN20 platform.
You can combine SD and HD inputs in a single pool. However, you
cannot combine different encoder models in the same DiviTrackXE pool.
See the related online help for more information on enabling
DiviTrackXE.
Note: The MN20 ARM and ARM-4 modules support both SD and HD
inputs for DiviTrackXE. The RMX module supports SD inputs only.
Preventing Remultiplexer Oversubscription

In an MN20, the combination of DiviTrackXE variable bit rate (VBR)
circuits, and one or more high bit rate constant bit rate (CBR) circuits on
the same input board can cause data loss.
To prevent remultiplexer oversubscription, do not input high bit rate CBR
circuits to an ARM or RMX module that also handles VBR inputs. In this
case, use a separate ARM, ARM-4, or RMX.
8 DiviTrackXE Statistical Multiplexing
CHAPTER 1
If you use a CBR circuit with bit rate greater than 10 Mbps, be prepared
to add an input card to the MN20. Isolate DiviTrackXE pools and
turnaround circuits from each other by using two ARM or RMX modules.
DiviTrackXE Minimum Software Version Requirements

To support DiviTrackXE, you must use the following minimum software
versions on your Harmonic equipment:
Device
Software Version
MN20 Remultiplexer
v20.xx
MV40 and MV45 encoder
s15.xx
MV50 and MV100 encoders
g9.xx
MV400 encoder
hd11.xx
MV450 encoder
hd16.xx
THESYS Controller software
7.4x
NMX software
2.0x
Chapter 2
Specifications
This chapter lists MN20 remultiplexer specifications. See Chapter 4,

Modules, for module specifications.
General Specifications
The MN20 remultiplexer consists of a main board plus one or more
modules that provide additional input, output, and specialized ports.
The remultiplexer has the following general specifications:
Feature
Includes
Chassis size
4-rack-units
Maximum modules
10 half-width modules
Output ports on the

main board
One MPEG-2 serial (M2S) port and one backup
One MPEG-2 parallel (M2P) port and one backup
M2P clock frequency
The M2P outputs accept clock frequencies 0 to 12.5 MHz.

The internal (provided) clock frequency is 12.5 MHz.
Maximum output rate
Maximum output rate on all ports is 100 Mbps.

See M2S Ports on page 18, M2P Ports on page 17, or individual
module specifications in Chapter 4, Modules, for port specifications.
PID rate allocation
Rate allocation to individual MPEG-2 PIDs from 0 to 100 Mbps in

increments of 763 bps. The increment is finer when using the M2P
output to generate a rate less than 100 Mbps.
Null packet insertion
Automatic insertion of MPEG-2 null packets to accommodate

asynchronicity or under-subscription of available output rate.
10 General Specifications
CHAPTER 2
Feature
Includes
Program specific
information (PSI)
insertion
Insertion of MPEG-2 PSI into the outgoing transport stream. The network
management system automatically generates PSI and downloads it to the
remultiplexer for insertion. The remultiplexer supports an insertion of up
to a total of 80 tables.
PCR restamping
PCR jitter of less than 0.2 microseconds.
Time stamp accuracy
Presentation time stamp (PTS) and decoder time stamp (DTS) accuracy of
less than 30 microseconds.
Ethernet port for

network management
10Base-T RJ-45 connector
Fault detection
High temperature
M2P first in/first out (FIFO) overflow/underflow
Missing start-of-packet (sync byte error)
Time-out of embedded controller watchdog timer
Module self-test fail
M2S serial cable disconnection
M2P clock input failure
M2S FIFO overflow
Bandwidth oversubscription
Packet or stream non-compliant
Specifications
Environmental Specifications 11
Environmental Specifications
The remultiplexer chassis has the following basic physical, electrical, and
power consumption characteristics:
Parameter
Specification
Size
Width
Depth
Height
19 inches (482 mm)

22 inches (563 mm)
7 inches (178 mm)
Power supply, maximum output
500 Wa
Power consumption without modules
80 W
Temperatureb
Storage
Shipping
Maximum heat output
Operating temperature
10 to +60 C (23 to 140 F)

40 to +60 C (6.2 to +140 F)
1,700 Btu/hr
32 to 104 F (0 to 40 C) at sea level
Note: The maximum temperature is reduced by 1 C
for every 1,000 feet elevation above sea level to a
maximum of 10,000 feet. For example, the maximum
operating temperature at 5,000 feet is 35 C.
Weight
Empty chassis
Full chassis
22 kg (48 lbs)
30 kg (65 lbs)
Humidity
Operating
Storage
Shipping
10% to 80% noncondensing

Altitude
Operating
Shipping
a.
Up to 10,000 feet
Up to 35,000 feet
This value is the maximum power output for the power supply. To derive the power that your individual
remultiplexer consumes, add the power consumption of the installed modules to the power consumption of
the remultiplexer.
b. The heat that each component generates and the power that it consumes are the maximum values. The
actual values depend on the modules installed in each component. Add the power and heat values of each
installed module to determine the total power and heat values of the component.
12 Front Panel
CHAPTER 2
Front Panel
The front panel of the MN20 remultiplexer features three LEDs that help
you monitor component operation.
The Operate LED illuminates green when the remultiplexer is active

(power is on and the embedded controller has initialized operations).
The Transmit LED illuminates amber when the remultiplexer is

carrying program traffic.
Caution: Moving the remultiplexer when the amber LED is
illuminated could terminate service.
The Fault LED illuminates red when the remultiplexer detects fault
conditions that impact normal operation.
Note: The installed MN20 front bezel cover blocks the Fault Fan Fail
LED light from view. Thus, the fan can fail and overheat, resulting in
service outage.
Harmonic recommends that you remove the MN20 front bezel cover
at regular intervals to see if the Fan Fail LED is illuminated.
The front panel LEDs provide status information during boot sequences,
including power-on self test (POST), data transmission, microcode
downloading operations, and system operations.
Specifications
Front Panel 13
The following table describes the status of the LEDs in the order they
illuminate from startup to normal operation.
State Description
Operation (Green)
Transmit (Amber)
Fault (Red)
Power On
On
On
On
Beginning of power-on self

test (POST)
Off
On
On
POST failurea
Off
Off
Flashing
Off
On
Start: A few flashes
If any part of the POST fails,

the red Fault LED flashes a
specific number of times to
indicate a specific failure. Any
POST failure indicates a
severe problem with the
hardware; you cannot restart
the component from your
network management system.
POST completion
Finish: On
File download
Flashing
On
On
Operating system start
Off
On
On
Application and system

initialization
Start: Fades from off

to on twice
On
Start: Fades from off

to on twice
Finish: On
System initialization failurea
Finish: Off
Fades off
On
Fades off
On
Toggles On and Off

when MPEG-2
traffic is present.
Off
The system reboots.

Normal operation
If the LED is off for a

long period, there is
no MPEG-2 traffic.
Failure during normal
operationa
a.
On
These are failures and do not occur during normal bootup.
Off
May toggle On and
Off when MPEG-2
traffic is present.
On
14 Back Panel
CHAPTER 2
Back Panel
The following illustration shows the back panel with installed modules.
The main board, located on the bottom of the chassis, ships with all
MN20 remultiplexers.
The following sections describe the back panel of the MN20

remultiplexer.
Optional 48 VDC Power Supply

If your remultiplexer has the optional 48 VDC power supply, a panel
containing a tri-conductor terminal block for the DC inputs replaces the
AC line cord and power switch. You must hard wire the power supply to
the fused power source. All other aspects of your remultiplexers
functionality are the same.
Specifications
Back Panel 15
The following table shows the 48 VDC power supply specifications.

Parameter
Specification
Input Voltage
42 VDC to 60 VDC
Current Rating
14.0 amps
For information on installing the 48 VDC power supply, see Chapter 3,

Hardware Installation.
AC Power Port
The power port accepts the standard power cord shipped with the MN20
remultiplexer. The power supply is auto-sensing and is rated between AC
100 and 240 VAC at 50 to 60 Hz.
North America typically uses 115 VAC, and many European countries
use 230 VAC.
If you ordered the 48 VDC power supply, see Optional 48 VDC
Power Supply on page 14.
Fuse Holder
The fuse holder contains a 3.15-amp slow-blow fuse along with a spare. If
there is no power to the system, check for a failed fuse. See Fuse
Replacement on page 101 for instructions. Contact Customer Support if
you continue to have problems.
Diagnostic Port
The MN20 remultiplexer does not use the diagnostic port.
16 Back Panel
CHAPTER 2
Ethernet Port
The 10Base-T Ethernet port uses a standard RJ-45 connector with the
following pinouts:
Pin
Signal
Transmit data (TXD) +
Transmit data (TXD)
Receive data (RXD) +
Not connected
Not connected
Receive data (RXD)
Not connected
Not connected
Fault Relay
The fault relay connects to a Form C relay that is capable of switching
0.25 amps at 30 VDC. The fault relay has the following pinouts:
Pina
a.
Connection
Normally closed
Normally open
Common
Pin 1 is the left-most pin.
During bootup, the fault relay should remain in the de-energized, nonactivated state, sending the signal that service is not available and MPEG
streams are not flowing. When de-energized, the normally open (NO)
contacts are open and the normally closed (NC) contacts are closed.
The NC contacts are typically used to signal a fault condition when
closed.
Specifications
Back Panel 17
After the application software has taken control from the Boot ROM, and
the system determines that all is working properly, the relay should
energize, closing the NO contact, and opening the NC contact. This
means that service is being established and the MN20 is carrying traffic.
Note: If your MN20 contains boot ROMs that are older than THESYS
Controller version 7.08, the software is not able to resume after a power
cycle until THESYS Controller is connected and in control.
M2P Ports
The main board has a primary and a backup M2P port for building
redundant systems. The M2P ports transmit all the data that is input to
the remultiplexer with no program filtering. See Chapter 4, Modules, for
output modules that let you output specific programs on specific ports.
The M2P port uses an external byte-rate clock to meter its data if you do
not choose to use the internal M2P clock. The external clock can meter
only one M2P port at a time. If the M2P clock is a faster rate than the
customer payload data, additional null packets make up the difference.
Note: When you set the output rate of the M2P port, you set the rate for
the whole system. For example, if you set the rate to 19 Mbps, the
remultiplexer can output only 19 Mbps of unique data. You can output
the same 19 Mbps of data on other ports.
A standard EIA-422 cable carries the MPEG-2 transport stream in a byteparallel format. The connectors are female DB-25 D-type connectors.
The following table lists the pinouts for the EIA-422 connector.
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
INCLK +
14
INCLK
CLK +
15
CLK
SYNC +
16
SYNC
VALID +
17
VALID
D0 +
18
D0
D1 +
19
D1
18 Back Panel
CHAPTER 2
Pin
Signal
Pin
Signal
D2 +
20
D2
D3 +
21
D3
D4 +
22
D4
10
D5 +
23
D5
11
D6 +
24
D5
12
D7 +
25
D7
13
Not connected
M2S Ports
The main board has a primary and a backup M2S output port. Each port
has duplicate output signals for building redundant systems. The Cypress
HOTLinkTM serial carrier that uses positive emitter coupled logic (ECL)
switching levels carries the MPEG-2 transport stream. The M2S ports
transmit all the data that is input to the remultiplexer with no program
filtering. See Chapter 4, Modules, for output modules that allow you to
output specific programs on specific ports.
Note: The remultiplexer does not use the larger input ports.
The output ports are 50-ohm, snap-on subminiature type B (SMB) minicoax connectors.
The following table lists the pinouts, signals, and descriptions for the SMB
outputs.
Connector
Pin
Signal
Description
SMB output
Center
M2S out
M2S downstream data
SMB output
Shield
Gnd
Ground
Specifications
Back Panel 19
Power Switch
The power switch, located above the power port and fuse holder, turns
the remultiplexer on and off. Press the 1 on the switch to turn the system
on. Press the 0 on the switch to turn the system off. If you ordered the
optional 48 VDC power supply, which does not have a power switch,
see Optional 48 VDC Power Supply on page 14.
20 Back Panel
CHAPTER 2
Chapter 3
This chapter includes information for installing the MN20 remultiplexer in

a rack and connecting the cable.
Unpacking the Equipment

To unpack the equipment:
1. Carefully remove the remultiplexer from its shipping carton.
Be sure to save all shipping materials in case you need to return the
remultiplexer to the factory service center for repair or upgrade. Save
any paperwork included in the shipping carton by inserting it into the
manuals.
2. Verify that equipment was not damaged during shipping and the
remultiplexers serial number matches the serial number on the
invoice.
3. Verify that the remultiplexer has the correct modules installed and the
configuration matches the information on the shipping list.
Harmonic preconfigures each remultiplexer to your requirements.
4. Unpack the accessories and inventory them against the shipping list.
Harmonic typically ships accessories such as cables, diskettes, and
extra modules in a separate shipping container.
Report any discrepancies immediately.
22 Installing the Modules
CHAPTER 3
Installing the Modules

Harmonic installs the proper modules in your remultiplexer at the factory.
However, if you want to add to your configuration, you might need to
install modules into a remultiplexer.
ESD Safety Precautions

To protect the modules from electrostatic discharge (ESD), follow these
safety precautions:
Always wear a properly grounded antistatic wrist strap whenever

handling the modules.
Keep modules inside the antistatic bag until you are ready to install
the module in a chassis.
Installing a Module
Each module comes installed on a full-width sheet with a blank panel or
with another module. To install a module sheet, you need a #2 Phillips
screwdriver.
1. Turn off the remultiplexer in which you are installing the module.
2. Remove the protective cover from the slot where you are going to
install the module by loosening the PEM nuts with the Phillips
screwdriver.
Save the cover for future use.
3. While wearing an ESD wrist strap, unpack the module from its
antistatic protective packing material.
Warning: Unpack and handle the modules away from electric
motors, transformers, and other similar machinery.
4. Slide the module into the remultiplexer by lining up the edges of the
module with the slots in the chassis.
Make sure the module goes into the remultiplexer without binding or
scraping other modules. The module should slide easily until the
connectors engage. Do not force the module.
Rack Mounting the Remultiplexer 23
5. Use the levers on the corners of the modules to push the module until
the face plate seats.
6. Tighten the PEM nuts with the screwdriver.
Note: There are some restrictions regarding where you should install the
modules. See Chapter 4, Modules, to see the placement for each
specific module.
See your network management systems related online help for
information about accommodating the new module-chassis
configuration.
Rack Mounting the Remultiplexer

Install the MN20 remultiplexer in an Electronic Industries Association
(EIA)-standard 19-inch (482 mm) rack. The remultiplexer is 4 rack-units
tall and 22 inches (563 mm) deep. Consult the manual that shipped with
your rack or the customer service department of your rack manufacturer
for assembly instructions.
Chassis Warnings for Rack Mounting and

Servicing
To prevent bodily injury when mounting or servicing this unit in a rack,
you must take special precautions to ensure that the system remains
stable. The following guidelines are provided to ensure your safety:
Mount this unit should at the bottom of the rack if it is the only unit in
the rack
When mounting this unit in a partially filled rack, load the rack from
the bottom to the top with the heaviest component at the bottom of
the rack
If the rack is provided with stabilizing devices, install the stabilizers

before mounting or servicing the unit in the rack
Attention! Pour viter toute blessure corporelle pendant les oprations de

montage ou de rparation de cette unit en casier, il convient de prendre
des prcautions spciales afin de maintenir la stabilit du systme. Les
directives ci-dessous sont destines assurer la protection du personnel :
24 Rack Mounting the Remultiplexer
CHAPTER 3
Si cette unit constitue la seule unit monte en casier, elle doit tre
place dans le bas
Si cette unit est monte dans un casier partiellement rempli, charger

le casier de bas en haut en plaant l'lment le plus lourd dans le bas
Si le casier est quip de dispositifs stabilisateurs, installer les

stabilisateurs avant de monter ou de rparer l'unit en casier
Warnung Zur Vermeidung von Krperverletzung beim Anbringen oder

Warten dieser Einheit in einem Gestell mssen Sie besondere
Vorkehrungen treffen, um sicherzustellen, da das System stabil bleibt.
Die folgenden Richtlinien sollen zur Gewhrleistung Ihrer Sicherheit
dienen:
Wenn diese Einheit die einzige im Gestell ist, sollte sie unten im Gestell
angebracht werden.
Bei Anbringung dieser Einheit in einem zum Teil gefllten Gestell ist
das Gestell von unten nach oben zu laden, wobei das schwerste
Bauteil unten im Gestell anzubringen ist.
Wird das Gestell mit Stabilisierungszubehr geliefert, sind zuerst die

Stabilisatoren zu installieren, bevor Sie die Einheit im Gestell
anbringen oder sie warten.
Rack Guidelines
Follow these guidelines when planning your rack configuration.
Cooling and Airflow

The rack system should provide enough cooling and airflow around the
unit to keep the ambient temperature of the fully-configured components
below their specified maximum values. The remultiplexer takes in cooling
air on the front and right side (as viewed from the back), and exhausts
hot air on the left side. The cabinet should be large enough to allow
unrestricted air flow from the exhaust vents. Ensure the ambient
temperature around the unit (which may be higher than the room
temperature) is within thelimit specified for the unit.
Floor Layout
A raised (zero-reference) floor is convenient for routing cables; however,
the influencing factor for using such a floor design is its capability for
supporting the weight of the rack. Leveling the racks can make it easier
to install and remove the components. Ensure that the equipment is
properly grounded and that electrical circuits are not overloaded within
the floor layout.
Computer Rack Stabilization

The computer racks are heavy. For safety reasons, Harmonic
recommends bolting the rack to the floor and installing earthquake
bracing according to local codes. Ensure that there are no objects placed
on top of the unit.
Rack-Mount Kit Contents

The rack-mount kit includes the following items:
Two rack rails (24- or 30-inch)
Eight Tinnerman speed nuts
Eighteen #10 screws
Two support brackets
CHAPTER 3
Mounting the Remultiplexer

Complete the following procedures to mount the remultiplexer.
Attaching the Rack Rails

To mount the rails in a rack:
1. Place two Tinnerman speed nuts on each of the four rack posts.
Make sure the nuts are on the outside of the post and align with two
screw holes.
2. Position the rail so the shelf is toward the inside of the rack.
3. From the inside of the rack, screw the rail into four speed nuts using
the provided #10 screws.
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for the other rail.

Follow the steps in the next section to attach the support brackets to the
rail and chassis.
Attaching the Support Brackets to the Rail and Chassis

After attaching the rack rails, you need to attach the support brackets to
the rail and chassis.
Warning: Because of the weight of the chassis, this process may require
two people.
CHAPTER 3
Attach the support brackets as follows:

1. Using the screws provided, attach each support bracket to a rack rail
by placing the screw through the hole on the bracket and through
one of the two holes in the shelf of each rack rail.
2. Slide the remultiplexer, with the power off, on the rack rail shelves
until the front of the remultiplexer meets the rack posts.
3. Align the slots on the bracket with the threaded holes along the side
of the chassis and screw the brackets tightly into place using the
screws provided.
Follow the steps in the next section to attach the chassis to the rack.
Attaching the Chassis to the Rack

Follow these steps to attach the front of the remultiplexer to the rack:
1. Using both hands, grasp the outside corners of the plastic front bezel
and slowly pull, detaching it from the remultiplexer and exposing the
mounting holes.
Cabling the Remultiplexer 29
2. Insert and tighten four screws through the mount holes on the front of
the remultiplexer and the corresponding holes on the rack posts.
3. Replace the front bezel on the remultiplexer by lining up the standoffs
and pushing the bezel until it clicks in place.
Cabling the Remultiplexer

To reduce induced noise and radiated EMI in the system:
Keep cable lengths as short as possible.
Use shielded cables.
Do not run signal cables parallel to power cables.
Route cables entirely within the cabinet whenever possible.
30 Cabling the Remultiplexer
CHAPTER 3
The following illustration shows the back of the MN20 chassis. The
number of modules varies depending on the configuration you ordered.
Connecting the Ethernet Cable

You must connect the Ethernet cable so THESYS Controller or NMX can
work with the MN20.
To connect the Ethernet cable:
Connect a UTP Ethernet cable from the 10Base-T RJ-45 Ethernet port
on the main board to a 10Base-T hub.
Harmonic recommends keeping Harmonic components on an
isolated Ethernet network for best results.
Connecting Input Devices to a Remultiplexer

The following figure shows the connection from two encoders to a
remultiplexer. Other input devices may be additional Harmonic
components or third party equipment.
In this example, the encoder DVB-ASI output connector connects to the

MN20 ASI Remultiplexer Module (ARM) input connector. If you are using
DiviTrackXE, connect the ARM or ARM-4 output to the encoder input.
See your THESYS Controller or NMX online help for information about
DiviTrackXE. See Chapter 4, Modules, for information about other input
ports.
CHAPTER 3
Connecting a Remultiplexer to an Output Device

The following figure shows some output connections from a
remultiplexer to output devices, such as modulators. To see all of the
possible connections, see Chapter 4, Modules.
Connecting Power Cables

The remultiplexer comes standard with an AC power supply. You can
order an optional DC power supply.
Note: Harmonic recommends using an uninterruptable power supply. It
often takes several minutes to initialize the system. With an
uninterruptable power supply, no disruption in service occurs during the
switch-over period. Less critical applications might use a standby
generator as an alternative power source.
AC Power Supply
To install the AC power supply:
Plug the chassis power cable into the power connector and then into
the outlet.
The power supply is auto-sensing and is rated between AC 100 and 240
VAC at 50 to 60 Hz.
48 VDC Power Supply (Optional)

Due to regulatory compliance standards (UL60950, CSA 60950 and
EN60950 standards), you must install Harmonic remultiplexers
configured with the -48VDC option in an area that meets or exceed the
above standards definition of a restricted access location.
Use only solid conductor wire for the power supply, or use stranded
conductor wire and cap it with a terminal lug. Harmonic recommends
using a 14AWG stranded copper wire, a spade tongue terminal, and a 14
to 16AWG #6 stud connector.
The following illustration shows how to wire the 48 VDC power supply.
CHAPTER 3
With the optional 48 VDC power supply, the remultiplexer has no

power switch because it is hard-wired to the power source. The
remultiplexer automatically turns on with the application of power,
therefore, you must provide external fault protection and power-off
switching with a customer-supplied 20 Amp DC circuit breaker.
Chapter 4
Modules
This chapter describes each module available for the MN20

remultiplexer. For information about the main board, see Chapter 2,
Specifications.
Introduction
When you order the MN20 remultiplexer, Harmonic installs each halfwidth module on a sheet with a blank or with another module.
The following list groups the MN20 modules by function.
Note: Legacy modules DHEI Input Module (DHIM) and DHEI Output
Module (DHOM) are not supported in this release.
Input Modules
ASI Remultiplexer Module (ARM and ARM-4)
Audio Encoder Module (AEM)
Data Input Module (DIM)
OC-3/ATM Input Module (OIM)
Remultiplexer (RMX) Module
Output Modules
ATM/OC-3 Output Module (AOM)
DS3/ATM Output Module (DOM)
Ethernet Output Module (EOM)
Monitor Decoder Module (MDM)
36 Introduction
CHAPTER 4
Multiple Output Module (MOM)
Modules
Module Slot Assignments 37
Conditional Access System Modules
Access Control Module (ACM)

Harmonic offers two types of Access Control Modules: a DVB
Access Control Module and a DES Access Control Module.
Note: If you are using NMX, do not install modules in your MN20 that
NMX does not support. See the release notes that came with your
release to determine what modules NMX supports.
Module Slot Assignments

The following figure shows the numeric assignments for the slots, which
can accommodate up to 10 half-width modules.
Some modules have specific slot assignments in the remultiplexer. The

following table lists each module and its valid slots. Harmonic
recommends placment in the lowest possible slot number.
Module
Size
Slot
ACM
Half-width
1, 3, 5, 7, or 9. Cannot be in the
same chassis as a DOM.
AEM
Half-width
Any
AOM
Half-width
1, 3, 5, 7, or 9.
ARM/ARM-4
Half-width
Any
38 Module Slot Assignments
Module
CHAPTER 4
Size
Slot
DIM
Half-width
1, 3, 5, 7, or 9. Can also occupy any

even-numbered slot but in limited
configurations.
DOM
Half-width
1, 3, 5, 7, or 9. Cannot be in the
same chassis as an ACM.
EOM
Half-width
MCM
Half-width
Any
MDM
Half-width
1, 3, 5, 7, or 9.
Note: An MDM can also reside in
even-numbered slots if there is an
input card is in the even slot. In that
case, the even and odd slots both
work. See Module Placement on
page 84 for more information.
MOM
Half-width
1, 3, 5, 7, or 9.
OIM
Half-width
Any
RMX
Half-width
Any
Modules
Environmental Specifications 39
Environmental Specifications
The modules discussed in this guide share the following environmental
specifications. For module-specific characteristics, see the
Specifications sections of the individual module descriptions in this
chapter.
Parameter
Specification
Temperature
Storage
Operating
20 to +80 C (13.8 to 176 F)

0 to 40 C (32 to 104 F)
5 to 35 C (41 to 95 F) (ACM and DIM)
Humidity
Storage
Operating

Altitude
Storage
Operating
40,000 ft., maximum

10,000 ft., maximum
Module Configurations
Configure each module through your THESYS Controller or NMX. See the
related online help for more information.
Access Control Module (ACM)

The ACM scrambles MPEG-2 packets using data from a conditional
access system (CAS). Harmonic offers two types of ACM modules:
ACM-DVB, which scrambles MPEG-2 packets using the Digital Video

Broadcasting Common Scrambling algorithm.
ACM-DES, which scrambles MPEG-2 packets using the Data

Encryption Standard algorithm.
Place the ACM closest to the location of the final output stream.
40 Access Control Module (ACM)
CHAPTER 4
Using the ACM in a CAS

In a broadcast system, a CAS is the combination of hardware and
software elements that control which decoders have access to programs
and events. The CAS contains a subscriber authorization system (SAS),
which includes hardware elements that construct and send entitlement
messages to the ACM scrambler.
Entitlement Messages
Entitlement messages enable a given subscriber (set-top box) to display
authorized channels or events. The ACM accepts the following two types
of entitlement messages from the CAS:
Entitlement management messages (EMMs) tell the set-top decoder

of authorized programs and events.
An EMM generator generates and sends messages over Ethernet to
the ACM. The ACM injects the EMMs into the multiplexed MPEG-2
transport stream, which the remultiplexer then sends downstream
and broadcasts to authorized set-top boxes.
Entitlement control messages (ECMs) contain encrypted control

words (CWs) that scramble/descramble MPEG-2 video, audio, and
data streams.
The CAS sends the ECM with the CWs to the ACM over Ethernet. The
ACM uses the CWs to scramble the stream, then packetizes and
injects the ECM into the MPEG-2 transport stream. When the ECM
arrives at the set-top box, a set-top security module decrypts the
same CWs and unscrambles the MPEG-2 stream.
Although 60 ECMs are logically supported for proprietary protocols,

there is limited buffering bandwidth available for the sum of EMM and
ECM data rates. If you require more ECM circuits, or higher ECM
bandwidth, you must reduce the EMM peak data rate accordingly. See
Appendix B, EMM Peak Data Rates, for more information.
The following figure illustrates the EMM and ECM message flow from the
Subscriber Management System (SMS) through the ACM.
Modules
Access Control Module (ACM) 41
CHAPTER 4
Control Word Generation

The ACM and ECM generator generate CWs.
The ACM can generate its own CWs from an internal, random-number
generator. It then passes the CWs to the ECM generator for use in
creating the ECM, which contains an encrypted version of the CWs. The
ECM generator sends the corresponding ECM to the ACM.
The ECM generator can also generate the CWs and the corresponding
ECM and provide them to the ACM for play out.
See Appendix B, EMM Peak Data Rates, to find out how to reduce EMM
Peak data rates to prevent the ACM from losing packets.
ACMs and TCP Socket Connections

When the ACM determines that a TCP connection is dead, the ACM
closes this connection and reports an alarm. The ACM then reopens a
TCP socket using the same TCP port number and listens for the client to
reconnect.
When a TCP or UDP circuit is disabled (for example, during bit rate
changes) any data received are read and dropped.
Repeatedly opening and closing the same socket rapidly more than 64
times may result in a shortage of file descriptors, causing
communications to stop.
Access Control Groups

ACGs are identifiers that link CWs, ECMs, and PIDs to a common
scrambling group. The PID for a stream awaiting scrambling links to an
ACG. The CW of the ACG then scrambles the stream. Although you can
create up to 60 ACGs, each stream may be assigned only one ACG at a
time. There is no limit on the number of streams that can be assigned to
the same ACG.
Modules
The following figure illustrates the relationship between ACGs, CWs, and
PIDs.
CHAPTER 4
Features
The following table lists the ACM features.
Feature
Accepts ECMs and associated
CWs from a CAS vendor
Description
Performs synchronized switch of

scrambling CWs and appropriate MPEG-2
transport stream bits
Inserts ECMs into dedicated PIDs
Repeats ECMs at preconfigured intervals
Can support up to four CASs for

Simulcrypt operation
Accepts prepacketized EMMs

from a CAS, and overwrites the
PIDs
Performs at a maximum UDP input rate of

1.8 Mbps of pre-packetized data
Performs at a maximum TCP input rate of

0.5 Mbps of pre-packetized data
Supports up to 60 CWs
simultaneously with a maximum
key change rate of five seconds
It is possible to apply CWs to more than

one PID
Scrambles streams
ACM-DVB supports DVB-compliant and

proprietary modes
ACM-DES supports DES-compliant

scrambling algorithm
Fault detection
Port level
Circuit/stream level
Module level
Note: There is a 1:1 correspondence

between ACGs and CWs
The ACM registers the following faults to the

network management systems alarm
management tools:
Ethernet link failure
Bus failures
Processor time-outs
Overflow
Underflow
Sync errors
High temperature warning
High temperature failure
Modules
Specifications
The following figure illustrates the ACM panel showing the data link LED
and the Ethernet port.
The following table lists the ACM specifications.

Parameter
Description
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
20 W
Weight
0.5 kg (1.0 lb)
10Base-T Ethernet port
Supports 10Base-T with an RJ-45 connector. For

pinouts, see Ethernet Port Pinouts.
Maximum bandwidth
Ethernet link LED
Maximum throughput rate of 100 Mbps.

Illuminates green when the Ethernet link is
active.
Ethernet Port Pinouts

The following table lists the pinouts for the 10Base-T Ethernet RJ-45
connector.
Pin
Signal
Transmit data (TD) +
Transmit data (TD)
Receive data (RD) +
Not connected
Not connected
Receive data (RD)
46 ASI Remultiplexer Module (ARM and ARM-4)
CHAPTER 4
Pin
Signal
Not connected
Not connected
ASI Remultiplexer Module (ARM and ARM-4)

The ARM and ARM-4 provide four independent DVB-ASI inputs for the
MN20 remultiplexer. While the ARM supports M2S inputs, the ARM-4
does not accept M2S streams. The ARM and ARM-4 allow the MN20 to
receive MPEG-2 transport streams from ASI-compliant devices such as
integrated receiver decoders (IRDs), video switches/routers, or near
video on demand (NVOD) servers. The ARM and ARM-4 also include
four output ports to connect back to Harmonic equipment for
DiviTrackXE.
Note: The SIA port of an encoder will not report a cable disconnect
alarm if its companion ARM-4 card is taken off line. This issue does not
occur with ARM cards.
See your THESYS Controller or NMX online help for information about
DiviTrackXE. Additionally, see DiviTrackXE Statistical Multiplexing on
page 7 for more specific information on preventing data loss by using the
a separate ARM or RMX when combining DiviTrackXE VBR and CBR
circuits.
Modules
ASI Remultiplexer Module (ARM and ARM-4) 47
Features
The ARM and ARM-4 have the following features and specifications:
Feature
Description
DiviTrackXE support
Provides a back channel to communicate

information back to Harmonic equipment.
M2S or DVB-ASI
Autodetects DVB-ASI or M2S (ARM only)

Note: The ARM-4 does not accept M2S streams.
PID remapping
Allows for channel dropping and PID

reassignment.
Timestamp adjustment
Removes induced PCR jitter and improves quality.
Specifications
The following figure illustrates the ARM back panel ports.
The following figure illustrates the ARM-4 back panel ports. Notice the
different placement of the Out ports.
48 ATM/OC-3 Output Module (AOM)
CHAPTER 4
The following table lists the ARM and ARM-4 specifications.

Note: The ARM-4 module does not accept M2S streams.
Parameter
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
20W
Weight
0.5 kg (1.0 lb)
4 independent input
connectors
Connector type
Protocol
Maximum bandwidth
75- BNC
Autodetects DVB-ASI or M2S (ARM only)
100 Mbps total for one or more ports
Four independent output

connectors (for
DiviTrackXE use only)
Connector type
75- BNC
Protocol
Harmonic proprietary output for DiviTrackXE
Maximum bandwidth
100 Mbps total for one or more ports
ATM/OC-3 Output Module (AOM)

The AOM provides an Optical Carrier Level 3 (OC-3) output and comes
in two models:
AOM-S for single-mode fiber
AOM-M for multimode fiber
The AOM segments MPEG-2 transport stream packets into ATM cells
and transmits these cells over an OC-3 interface.
Note: The AOM supports a maximum of 34 transports.
Modules
ATM/OC-3 Output Module (AOM) 49
When segmenting MPEG-2 streams into ATM cells, the AOM supports
two modes of ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5) framing: 8/8 and 5/8
mode. In 8/8 mode, all MPEG-2 packets, including PCR packets, map into
an 8-cell protocol data unit (PDU), two packets at a time. In 5/8 mode, if a
PCR packet arrives first, it is put into a 5-cell PDU to reduce PCR jitter. If
the PCR packet arrives as the second of two MPEG-2 packets, it is put
into eight cells. Non-PCR packets in 5/8 mode map into eight cells, two
packets at a time. PCR packets typically occur in an MPEG-2 transport
stream every 40 ms.
Note: When the VC is full, extra cells sent in the 5/8 mode for PCR
packets could cause the VC to be oversubscribed. When using the 5/8
mode, ensure that there is extra margin for these cells when you
provision the VC. Only use PCR correction in 8/8 mode. If you turn it
back to the 5/8 mode, you may see excess jitter. Thus, turn PCR
correction off in the 5/8 mode.
The following figures illustrate the reassembly of 5- and 8-cell PDUs.
CHAPTER 4
IP Encapsulation
Encapsulation is a common network process for both real and non-real
time data, typically in a headend system that has DSL/IP set-top box
customers who use video-on-demand. The AOM integrates IP
encapsulation and routing with ATM switching to offer layer 2 services
for IP forwarding networks.
Modules
ATM networks transport IP data and other connectionless traffic between

hosts, routers, and bridges. The AOM module encapsulates MPEG-2
streams into IP format, then segments the IP packets into ATM cells to be
routed over an ATM network to a hub. The hub then de-encapsulates the
streams from the AAL5 framing and sends the IP data to customers settop boxes.
The following figure shows a typical distribution from the headend to the
set-top boxes.
Headend
Central Office or Pedestal
Mux with AOM-IP
DSLAM
ATM Network
DSL Router
PC
TV + STB
DSL Router
PC
TV + STB
There are several types of IP encapsulation, all of which use the User
Datagram Protocol (UDP) to supply two services not provided by the IP
layer: port numbers to distinguish user requests and a checksum
capability to verify that the data arrived intact. During VC Multiplex, or
Classic IP Encapsulation, seven MPEG-2 packets are mapped into one IP
packet. Each IP packet is then segmented into 28 ATM cells of 48 bytes.
One more ATM cell is added for the AAL5 trailer, resulting in a 29-cell
PDU.
The following diagram illustrates Classic IP Encapsulation.
UDP Header
8 bytes
CHAPTER 4
MPEG
TSP
MPEG
TSP
MPEG
TSP
188
Bytes
188
Bytes
188
Bytes
IP Header
20 bytes
MPEG
TSP
188
Bytes
MPEG
TSP
MPEG
TSP
MPEG
TSP
188
Bytes
188
Bytes
188
Bytes
IP Payload (1316 bytes)
AAL5 Payload
ATM Cell
AAL5 PDU
Trailer
48 byte cell payload

5 byte header
See the NMX or the THESYS Controller online help for descriptions of the
other encapsulation modes and instructions to configure encapsulation.
Calculating External Equipment Bit Rates

Bit rates in are specified as MPEG-2 transport rates. However, your
downstream network equipment might use a different type of bit rate. If
so, you need to convert the MPEG-2 rate into a unit that is compatible for
configuring a transport stream, particularly in terms of ATM payload
overhead.
Modules
The following table provides conversion factors for MPEG-2 over ATM.
Bit Rate Type
Bits/Second
MPEG/AAL5
Efficiency
MPEG/AAL5
Overhead
OC-3 Line Rate
155520000
85.3948%
117.1031%
OC-3 Payload
149760000
88.6792%
112.7660%
ATM Payload
135631698
97.9167%
102.1277%
MPEG-2 Circuit
Data
132806037
100.0000%
100.0000%
Calculating the Peak Cell Rate

Many ATM switches require the peak cell rate to provision their inputs.
To calculate the peak cell rate, apply a conversion factor to the bit rate
you set in your network management system.
When you enter a bit rate for a virtual channel (VC), you do not need to
add overhead for ATM conversion because the system adds the
overhead automatically. However, you might need to be able to predict
the outbound cell rate per VC to set up your ATM switch.
To determine the peak cell rate, divide the VC bit rate in bps (not Mbps
as entered and displayed in the network management system) by the
conversion factor of 376.0 BitsPerCell_AAL for streams.
See your THESYS Controller or NMX online help for additional
information about calculating peak cell rates.
Avoiding VC Overflows from Clock Tolerance Variations

Even if all circuits in a VC are properly defined at the rate they are
flowing, the VC may still overflow because of a slight mismatch in the
MPEG sources timebases and the ATM output (sink) timebase. This
causes the AOM to send an alarm.
Avoid this situation by ensuring that null packet stuffing is OFF, then
allocate an extra 0.2 percent VC output bandwidth.
CHAPTER 4
Configuring Network Clocks

Ensure that only one end of the ATM link is using an external clock
reference so the AOM interface does not periodically reset and lose
data. Additionally, ensure that you do not set both ends of the link to cell
loopback, which results in no data flow.
Allocating Bandwidth Rates for VCs on the AOM

Although THESYS Controller tracks the total number of bits flowing into a
VC, it does not report when the maximum bits exceeds limitations, nor
does it prevent this configuration.
THESYS Controller also allows overallocation of VCs to the AOM.
Therefore, you should consider the total stream bandwidth actually
flowing. This enables you to configure all possible VCs that you have
available, or have contracted for, and allocate bandwidth depending on
program contents or schedule changes. You can also set the actual VC
rate to the actual summed program rate, and reconfigure the VC as
necessary to handle changing program needs.
See the NMX or THESYS Controller online help for details.
Circuit Flow for AOM Output and OIM Input

When the AOM and OIM are in the same MN20 chassis, you need to
configure the same sets of virtual circuts and circuits to enable packet
flow between the AOM and OIM in each OC-3 device. The individual
MN20s can be on the same transport submaps, or on separate transport
submaps.
See the NMX or the THESYS Controller online help for details.
Modules
Features
The AOM has the following features and specifications:
Feature
Specifications
Notes
General
Modules
1 per chassis
Connectors
1 input and 1 output
Optical power for

multimode:
1300nm nominal
wavelength (using
62.5/125 m fiber)
Transmit: -14 to -20 dBm
Receive: -14 dBm

maximum
SC-type for multimode

(AOM-M) or SC-type for
single-mode (AOM-S)
ATM
Supports IP
protocol
IETF RFC 2684, UDP/IP

encapsulation of MPEG-2
streams
Supports specific
MPEG-2
encapsulation
mode
Direct mapping into AAL-5 Software-configurable

(through THESYS or NMX)
VC multiplexed UDP/IP
over AAL-5.
VC multiplexed bridged
Ethernet 802.3 UDP/IP
over AAL-5.
LLC/SNAP Ethertype UDP/

IP over AAL-5.
LLC/SNAP bridged
Ethernet 802.3 UDP/IP
over AAL-5.
Supports IP
addressing
User-defined IGMP multicast

group addresses
IDP PDU size
7 MPEG-2 transport stream

packets
ATM adaption
layer
AAL-5
Supports 5/8 cell and 8/8

cell for direct MPEG-2
mapping into AAL-5
CHAPTER 4
Feature
Specifications
MPEG-2 over
ATM protocol
ATM Forum AMS 1.1
VC bit rate
resolution
0.001% traffic shaping

CBR output
User-configurable null
padding.
Notes
Supports both SPTS and
MPTS
Per ATM Forum AMS 1.1
and UNI 1.1
Maximum ATM
virtual channels
(VCs)
125
A VC contains all
components of a service
PID
PSI table insertion
80 tables
More than 80 tables may

be inserted depending on
the total aggregate AOMIP transport stream rate
VCI bandwidth
Minimum (per VCI):

2.048 Kbps
Maximum (per card): 95

Mbps
IP multicast-toATM VC mapping
1-to-1
ATM protocol
UNI 4.0 specific sections
Framing
STS-3c (SONET) or STM-1

(SDH)
Line encoding
Non-return to zero (NRZ)
Jitter
compensation (no
IP mode)
measured at the
network input
< f1 msec peak-to-peak
< 200 sec peak-to-peak
< 50 sec peak-to-peak
PCR unaware (8/8)

mode
PCR aware (8/5) mode
PCR corrected (8/8 or

8/5) mode
Modules
Feature
Specifications
Notes
MPEG
MPEG-2 transport
stream
MPTS
MPEG processing
power
Minimum (per VCI):

2.048 Kbps
Maximum (per card): 95

Mbps
MPEG-2 streams
(PIDS) per module
SPTS
Maximum: 256 PIDS, which

includes
Unicast total: up to 196

PIDS
Multicast total: up to 256

PIDs
Multicast per PID total:

maximum of 16 duplicates
Maximum processing
power can be distributed
across all output VCI. This
is for MPEG only; ATM
overhead is not included
Unicast: Each PID is

passed from an input
to the output once.
Multicast: A PID is
to multiple output
services.
Multicast internally generated

tables: up to 80
PID remap
Any input value to any output

value
Specifications
The AOM comes with single-mode or multimode fiber connectors. The
following figure shows the AOM back panel ports.
CHAPTER 4
The following table lists the AOM specifications.

Parameter
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
25 W
Weight
0.5 kg (1.0 lb)
Tx output port
Optical power
Multimode: 14 to 20 dBm
Single-mode: 15 to 8 dBm
Maximum bandwidth
100 Mbps of unique data.
Tx output port
Connector
SC pair
Cable
62.5/125 m multimode or single-mode fiber,

depending on the module type. Multimode fiber
supports cable lengths up to 2 km. Single-mode
supports up to 15 km.
Rx input port for network

clock information
Optical power
Multimode: 14 dBm maximum

Single-mode: 8 dBm maximum
Single-mode receiver
sensitivity
31 dBm
Connector
SC pair
Cable
62.5/125 m multimode or single-mode fiber,

depending on the module type. Multimode fiber
supports cable lengths up to 2 km. Single-mode
supports up to 15 km.
Tx LED status
Off
No cells transmitted.
Green
Cells transmitted.
Yellow
An alarm or loss of signal.
Modules
Audio Encoder Module (AEM) 59
Parameter
Specification
Rx LED status
Off
A carrier (proper light signal) detected.
Green
Cells received (output only, no input).
Red
Loss of carrier.
Audio Encoder Module (AEM)

The AEM provides two dual-channel audio encoders. It compresses the
audio programs into MPEG-2 audio transport packets. The module
accepts both analog and digital audio.
The AEM has two independent audio channel pairs that your network
management system configures in one of four modes: mono, dual mono,
stereo, or joint stereo. Use your network management system to program
the audio channel pairs to act together.
The AEM output, in MPEG-2 format, is combined in the chassis with
MPEG-2 packets from other sources, producing one MPEG-2 transport
stream.
Features
The AEM has the following features:
Feature
Description
Analog-to-digital converter
resolution
18 bits. Only the 16 most significant bits (MSBs)

encoded.
Asynchronous digital
AEM resamples to the desired rate and locks to

the 27-MHz system clock.
Bit rate index
You can set the bit rate according to the

bit_rate_index from ISO 11172-3. The Layer 2 bit
rate is 64 to 384 kbps.
Compression algorithm
Musicam algorithm
60 Audio Encoder Module (AEM)
CHAPTER 4
Feature
Digital loop through
Description
The digital audio output:
Loops through to the digital audio input.

-or-
Provides a digital audio clock to lock external

digital audio equipment to the network
management system clock in the chassis. The
AEM can also lock analog-to-digital sample
clocks for audio inputs across both channel
pairs.
PCR insertion
For audio-only programs.
Program time stamping

(PTS)
Part of the MPEG-2 transport packet is a PTS that

allows synchronization between the playback of
the audio channel and the video program. If the
audio sample clock on the digital input is not
frequency-locked to the network management
system clock in the chassis, the AEM resamples
the audio to synchronize the system clock.
Recognizes existing
pre-emphasis
The AEM does not perform pre-emphasis.

However, it does recognize existing pre-emphasis
on digital inputs (none, 50/15 microseconds,
CCITT J.17) and sets the corresponding MPEG-2
signal field.
Sample rate
32, 44.1, or 48 kHza
Standards compliant
MPEG-1 (ISO 11172-3) layer 2 mono and stereo

compliant.
Synchronous digital
Locks audio source to the AEM sample clock

provided by the digital output.
a. Selected using your network management system.
Specifications
The following figure shows the AEM back panel ports.
Modules
Audio Encoder Module (AEM) 61
The following table lists the AEM specifications.

Parameter
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
25 W
Weight
0.5 kg (1.0 lb)
2 analog audio inputs

Impedance
600- or high-impedance (>15 K)a
Balance
Balanced or unbalanced
Clipping level
Adjustable from 0 to + 20 dBV in 0.5 dBV

incrementsa
Connector
DB-9 male
2 digital audio inputs/outputs

Impedance
75- unbalanced (1V), 110- (3V)

balancedb or high-impedancea
Balance
AES/EBU or IEC 958 (automatically senses

input format)
Connector
DB-9 female (digital audio input/output)
a. Use your system to specify.

b. Both outputs are always available.
62 Audio Encoder Module (AEM)
CHAPTER 4
D-Audio Connector Pinouts

The following table lists the pinouts for the female DB-9 connectors.
Pin
Signal
Positive differential data input
Data input shield
Positive differential, 1V/75- data output
5V/110- data output shield
Negative differential, 5V/110- data output
Negative differential data input
1V/75- data output shield
Negative differential, 1V/75- data output
Positive differential, 5V/110- data output
A-Audio Input Connector Pinouts

The following table lists the pinouts for the male DB-9 connectors.
Pin
Signal
Left channel analog differential positive input
Left channel shield
Not connected
Right channel shield
Right channel analog differential negative input
Left channel analog differential negative input
Not connected
Not connected
Right channel analog differential positive input
Modules
Data Input Module (DIM) 63
Data Input Module (DIM)

The DIM packetizes data and inserts the data into multiplexed MPEG-2
transport streams. Applications that require data insertion include
electronic program guides (EPGs), file transferring, teletext, set-top
signaling, and DVB subtitles. The DIM has four data input ports: three
EIA-232 serial ports, and one Ethernet port.
Data Format
The DIM receives data as either an MPEG-2 transport stream or as an
unformatted data stream. The DIM converts the incoming data into the
requested MPEG-2 transport format. The DIM output scheduler then
processes the converted data before inserting it into the MPEG-2
multiplexed output stream.
The following figure illustrates the DIM process.
Unformatted Data Streams

When the DIM receives an unformatted data stream, it processes the
data by adding a packetized elementary stream (PES) header with an
optional PTS. The DIM packetizes the unformatted data stream with a PES
header into an MPEG-2 transport packet and injects this data stream into
the MPEG-2 multiplexed output stream.
The following figure depicts how the DIM processes an unformatted data
stream to a multiplexed MPEG-2 output stream.
64 Data Input Module (DIM)
CHAPTER 4
MPEG-2 Transport Streams

When the incoming data is an MPEG-2 transport stream, the DIM
overwrites an output PID in the transport header before injecting it into
the MPEG-2 multiplexed transport stream.
The following figure illustrates how the DIM processes an incoming
MPEG-2 packet into the MPEG-2 multiplexed transport stream.
Modules
Output Scheduler
The DIM supports up to eight connections, each with a unique PID and a
transmission rate you assign using your network management system.
The output scheduler multiplexes each connection and maintains an
overall constant output rate. If a connection underflows (does not fully
use the transmission rate assigned), the output scheduler absorbs the
lost bandwidth by assigning it to a flow-controlled connection,
maintaining the overall transmission rate. A flow-controlled connection
uses handshaking to control flow into the buffer (such as RTS/CTS, XON/
XOFF, and TCP/IP).
The following figure illustrates an example of the output scheduler
managing eight connections.
CHAPTER 4
Modules
Note: A tight correlation exists between block size, baud rate, and circuit
bandwidth. Make sure that you provision enough bandwidth to process
all of the data.
DIM Network Connections

There are several variances and processes to note regarding the DIM
and network connections:
When the DIM determines that a TCP connection is inactive, the DIM
closes this connection and reports an alarm. In this case, you must
use a new TCP port number.
When a TCP or UDP circuit is disabled (for example, when you change
bit rates), the DIM will read and drop any data received.
With asynchronous RS-232 unpacketized serial data input, you can

select input rates between 300 and 38400 bps with odd, even, or no
parity and 1 or 2 stop bits. You can also control the input block size,
with a maximum size of 1024 bytes. THESYS Controller and NMX use
the input block size to determine the maximum PES payload length.
When you provision a circuit, you must ensure that enough bandwidth
is being provisioned to allow processing of all data.
Since the DIM does not send an alarm if serial data is dropped, you
must first stop the source when changing the port configuration, then
change the DIM serial port configuration.
With a heavily loaded input stream (few idle cells), you might need to
physically disconnect and reconnect the input cable to synchronize
the serial port with the input data.
The DIM network link LED remains on if there is no network

connected regardless of whether a network circuit is present or not.
CHAPTER 4
Features
The following table lists the DIM features.
Feature
TCP and UDP support
Notes
Supports UDP/IP over Ethernet up to an aggregate

bandwidth of 1 Mbps using up to eight UDP/IP
connections
Supports TCP/IP over Ethernet up to an aggregate

bandwidth of 0.55 Mbps using up to four TCP/IP
connections
Supports mixed TCP/UDP configurations over

Ethernet up to an aggregate bandwidth of 0.8
Mbps
Ethernet block size
Block size for unformatted data stream processing

over Ethernet is 1316 bytes, which allows for seven
MPEG-2 transport stream packets
Fault detection
The DIM registers the following faults in the control

system alarm management tools:
Signal losses on the serial port, Ethernet port, or

TCP/IP connection
Loss of Ethernet link integrity
Input error on connection n (data passed)
Garbled input on connection n (unpassed data)
Input buffer overflow on connection n (data lost)
Input time-out warning on connection n
Over-temperature warning and failure
Easily detected component, processor, and bus

failure
Modules
Specifications
The following figure illustrates the DIM back panel ports.
The following table lists the DIM specifications.

Parameter
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
20 W
Weight
0.5 kg (1.0 lb)
Link LED
Illuminates green to show the Ethernet link

integrity
3 EIA-232 input ports
Note: The port may lock up if you change

communication parameters. To recover,
reset the port using your network
management system.
Bandwidth per port
300 to 38,400 bps
Parity
Odd, even, or no parity (to match the sending

equipment)
Stop bits
1 or 2 stop bits (to match the sending

equipment)
Connectors
Male DB-9
10Base-T Ethernet port

Type
10Base-T
Connector/Cable
RJ-45/UTP
CHAPTER 4
Ethernet Pinouts
The following table lists the pinouts for the RJ-45 Ethernet connector.
Pin
Signal
Transmit data (TD)
Receive data (RD) +
Not connected
Not connected
Receive data (RD)
Not connected
Not connected
EIA-232 Pinouts
The following table lists the pinouts of the male DB-9 serial ports.
Pin
Function
DCD
Data carrier detect
RD
Received data
TD
Transmit data
DNC
Do not connect
GND
Signal common (ground)
DNC
Do not connect
RTS
Request to send
CTS
Clear to send
DNC
Do not connect
Modules
DS3/ATM Output Module (DOM) 71
DS3/ATM Output Module (DOM)

The DOM is an output interface module that segments MPEG-2 transport
stream packets into ATM cells and transmits these cells over a DS3 line.
Typically, the DOM segments two 188-byte MPEG-2 transport packets
into eight cells, comprising one AAL5 PDU. However, the DOM has an
option to permit the special handling of MPEG-2 packets carrying the
PCR by sending these packets immediately as 5-cell PDUs.
Note: The internal buffers on the DOM can hold a maximum of 10
packets, but that may be exceeded during high-burst-rate input streams,
causing the DOM buffers to overflow. If this occurs, reconfigure the
external equipment to reduce its data rate and verify with an MPEG data
analyzer capable of adjusting its bit rate measurement window.
Features
The DOM has the following features:
Feature
Description
AAL5 support
Segments MPEG-2 packets into 5- or 8-cell AAL5

PDUs.
ATM VCs
Supports up to 32 VCs simultaneously
Configurable output lets you select the

individual program streams output on each
VC
Each VC has its own PSI
All PIDs on each VC can be remapped to any

PID
PID remapping
From MPEG-2 MPTS to MPEG-2 single program

transport streams (SPTS).
Fault detection
The DOM registers the following faults in the

network management systems alarm
management tools:
72 DS3/ATM Output Module (DOM)
CHAPTER 4
Feature
Port level
Circuit/stream level
Module level
Description
Loss of signal, frame, pointer, and cell

delineation
Line alarm indication signal
Line remote defect indication
Path alarm indication signal
Path remote defect indication
Overflow
Underflow
Sync errors
High temperature warning
High temperature failure
Specifications
The following figure shows the ports on the DOM back panel.
The following table lists the DOM specifications.

Parameter
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power
25 W
Weight
0.5 kg (1.0 lb)
DS3 RX output port

Maximum bit rate
Up to 36.02 Mbps for all virtual channel

identifiers (VCIs)
Connector
75- BNC for a RG-59 75- coaxial cable
Modules
DS3/ATM Output Module (DOM) 73
Parameter
DS3 TX timing port
Specification
A timing connector slaves the timing of the
DS3 output port to a master clock. You cannot
use both the DS3 and the DS1 timing
connectors at the same time.
You can set the DOM to ignore the timing
inputs using your network management
system.
Connector
75- BNC for a RG-59 75- coaxial cable
DS1 Sync In timing port
A timing connector slaves the timing of the

DS3 output port to a master clock. You cannot
use both the DS3 and DS1 timing connectors
at the same time.
You can set the DOM to ignore the timing
inputs using your network management
system.
You must use the Synchronizing Option Board
with this connector.
DS1 Sync In Pinouts

The following table lists the DS1 timing connector pinouts.
Pin
Function
Chassis Gnd (for cable shield)
Backup DS1 Input A
Backup DS1 Input B
Chassis Gnd (for cable shield)
Primary DS1 Input A
Primary DS1 Input B
Note: Only the primary DS1 is implemented.
74 Ethernet Output Module (EOM)
CHAPTER 4
Ethernet Output Module (EOM)

The Ethernet Output Module converts MPEG-2 transport streams into IP
data for output to 100Base-T Ethernet networks. It functions as a source
of IP multicast datagrams. The EOM supports up to 125 output sockets.
Your THESYS Controller or NMX online help provides information on
setting up the EOM on the MN20 remultiplexer, including configuring the
EOM output transports.
The following diagram shows how the EOM module works with MPEG-2
transport streams.
EOM Redundancy
The EOM supports fully automatic 1:1 redundancy using the Harmonic
Hello Protocol (HHP).
When output from the primary EOM is enabled, the primary EOM sends
HHP packets over a multicast IP address. The backup EOM monitors the
HHP packets from the primary, and does not enable its output as long as
the primary EOM is sending HHP packets. When a backup EOM detects
that a primary EOM is not sending HHP packets, a redundancy switch
occurs, and the backup EOM begins outputting the transport stream as
well as sending HHP packets.
Modules
Ethernet Output Module (EOM) 75
You configure redundancy through the THESYS Controller or NMX. See

the related online help for more information about configuring EOM
redundancy.
IP Encapsulation
Encapsulation is a common network process for both real and non-real
time data, typically in a headend system that has DSL/IP set-top box
customers who use video-on-demand. IP encapsulation offers layer 3
services, such as inter-network rounting, while Ethernet encapsulation
offers layer 2 services, such as intranetwork switching.
Networks transport IP data and other connectionless traffic between
hosts, routers, and bridges. The EOM module encapsulates MPEG-2
streams into IP format, adds Ethernet framing, and is then sent to the
backbone network.
There are several types of IP encapsulation, all of which use the User
Datagram Protocol (UDP) to supply two services not provided by the IP
layer: port numbers to distinguish user requests and a checksum
capability to verify that the data arrived intact. During IP Encapsulation,
seven MPEG-2 packets are mapped into one IP packet.
The following diagram illustrates the EOM IP Encapsulation.
CHAPTER 4
Ethernet Link LEDs

The Ethernet Link LEDs illuminate green when detecting an Ethernet
signal. If not detected, the LEDs remain unlit. The Link LEDs follow the
usual conventions for status indication.
Note: There are several LED configurations for the EOM Ethernet port
depending on the hardware you are using with the MN20. EOM
backplane boards have different locations for the same LED functions.
Module Placement and Cabling

The 10Base-T/100Base-T EOM port uses a CAT 5 cable, which connects
to the EOM port on the backplane.
Note: The EOM needs to be installed in slot 1 or it does not function
properly.
Features
The EOM has the following features:
Feature
Specification
Notes
General
Chassis modules
1 per chassis
Module ports
One operational port
If there are two ports,

such as on the NIC card,
the left port is
operational and the other
should be covered
Connectors
RJ45
100 BT
Modules
Feature
Four supported
standards
Specification
Notes
RFC 1112: IP multicasting

RFC 0791: IP
RFC 0768: UDP
IEEE 802.3: convention for IP
packet structure
MAC/IP
Auto-negotiation
Auto (default), Force.
User-configurable
Force: 100 BT full duplex

Flow control
Disabled.
Supports MPEG
over IP
encapsulation
MPEG/UDP/IP
Wide range of IP
PDU packet sizes
1 to 7 MPEG-2 transport
stream packets
User-configurable
PSI table insertion
80 tables
Using external tables, the

number can be
substantially higher
(limited by the number of
PIDs/stream per module)
Destination IP
addressing
Multicast: destination
address per socket
Unicast: destination
address per socket
Multicast: The IP
destination address is
mapped onto the
multicast Ethernet
address
Unicast: The IP
destination address
needs a mapping
onto the Ethernet
address, which the
operator needs to
provide using a static
destination MAC
address
CHAPTER 4
Feature
Specification
Notes
Supports source IP
addressing,
including virtual
source IP
addresses
Default: EOM self-IP
User-configurable
For EOM to use its

configured IP address, the
source IP address of the
IP transport stream must
include 127.0.0.1. All
other IP addesses entered
will be used as the source
address on the output.
Only valid Unicast IP

addresses are
permitted.
UDP addressing
UDP destination and source

for each socket: 0 to 65535
TTL (time to live)
1 to 255
User-configurable
This value represents

the number of routers
and switches the PDU
may travel through
before being
discarded
TS and HHP settings

are configured
separately
EOM port self-MAC

address
Predefined per EOM port
Output bandwidth
Minimum per socket:

2.048 Kbps
Maximum per card: 95

Mbps
Output jitter
Derivative from the

encapsulation parameters
and stream types that are
transmitted
MPEG
MPEG-2 transport
stream supported
per socket
SPTS and MPTS
Read-only
Maximum processing
power can be distribued
across all output sockets.
(IP/UDP overhead not
included)
Modules
Feature
MPEG output bit
rate
MPEG-2 streams
(PIDs) per module
Specification
Notes
Minimum (per socket):

2.048 Kbps
Maximum per card: 95

Mbps
Maximum processing
power can be distribued
across all output sockets.
(IP/UDP overhead not
included)
Maximum: 256 PIDs, which

includes
Unicast total: up to 196

PIDs
Multicast total: up to 256
Per PID total: no more

than 16 duplicates
Internally generated tables:

up to 80
PID remap
Any input value to any output

value
Unicast: Each PID is

to an output once
Multicast: A PID is
to multiple output
services
Note: If PIDs are being

multicased, any one
source stream PID can
only be remapped once.
This means that if the
same stream is used in
multiple transports, it
must have the same
output PID in all of them.
You can configure NMX
to help set up these
streams.
The remapped PID does
not need to be unique
across all TPES streams
that the EOM transports
To create valid SPTS and
MPTS streams, they
should be unique within
a valid program stream
CHAPTER 4
Specifications
The following figure shows the location of the EOM back panel ports and
LEDs
....
The following table lists the EOM specifications.

Parameter
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
25 W
Weight
0.5 kg (1.0 lb)
Connector
8-contact modular plug to mate with unshielded

twisted pair CAT 5 Ethernet cable
Cable
Depending on various vendor: an RJ-45

connector and 100Base-T interfaces fitted to your
EOM. .
LED Types
(Depending on various
vendor 100-BT interfaces
fitted to your EOM)
Cyclone
ACT
SBS
LNK: Steady green on good link
ACT: Blinking green on Rx or Tx activity
PWR: On when EOM is powered
LINK: On when link is good
ACT: Blinking on Rx or Tx activity
100Base-T: On when link is 100Base-T
LNK: Steady green on good link
ACT: Blinking green on Rx or Tx activity
Modules
M2P Converter Module (MCM) 81
EOM Port Pinouts

The following table lists the pinouts for the EOM port:
Pin
Signal
Transmit data (TD)
Receive data (RD) +
Not connected
Not connected
Receive data (RD)
Not connected
Not connected
M2P Converter Module (MCM)

The MCM converts the output from the main board M2P port to a serial
or synchronous serial interface (SMPTE 310M). Connect a cable from the
main board M2P port to the M2P In port on the MCM. Then connect an
output cable to the SSI Data port.
Note: You must manually configure the M2P port in your control system
for the ATSC standard 8-VSB rate of 19.392658 Mbps.
The following figure shows the MCM back panel ports.
The following table lists the MCM specifications.
82 Monitor Decoder Module (MDM)
CHAPTER 4
Parameter
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power Consumption
5W
Weight
0.5 kg (1.0 lb)
M2P In Port Connector
DB-25
Middle 15-pin D Type Port
For Harmonic internal use only
SSI Clk Clock Input Port
Optional external clock reference input
Connector
75- BNC
SSI Data Output Port

Bandwidth
19.392658 Mbps
Protocol
SMPTE-310M
Connector
75- BNC
Monitor Decoder Module (MDM)

The Monitor Decoder Module (MDM) allows you to visually and audibly
monitor MPEG-2 streams. The MDM decodes MPEG-2 transport streams
from within a remultiplexer and outputs analog video and audio, as well
as digital audio.
Note: The MDM decodes SD 4:2:0 video. The MDM does not decode
HD or 4:2:2 SD video or Dolby Digital (AC-3) audio. However, the MDM
displays helpful diagnostic information about the stream in its onscreen
display.
The MDM either decodes the video component of a program, with or
without any one of its audio streams (stereo pairs are a single stream), or
it decodes just an audio stream. It decodes MPEG-2 streams within a
remultiplexer, but cannot unscramble these streams.
If the MDM is in the same chassis with an ACM, which scrambles
programs, the MDM accesses the streams that make up those programs
and decodes them before the ACM scrambles them. If the programs are
already scrambled when they arrive at a remultiplexer that contains an
MDM, that MDM cannot decode the programs streams.
Modules
Monitor Decoder Module (MDM) 83
Audio and Closed Captioning

Some program suppliers use proprietary formats for their closed
captioning data. In these cases, the MDM does not provide caption
monitoring. Similarly, some program suppliers send audio encoded in the
AC-3 format. The MDM does not decode this. Since the MDM does not
decode scrambled audio and video, attempting to view these may
require resetting the module.
Note: MDM only supports DiviCom Line 21 closed captioning.
Onscreen Display
The MDM supports an onscreen display (OSD) feature that lets you
monitor certain circuit conditions. The OSD feature is available with the
PAL and NTSC video standard. However, when running in PAL mode, the
OSD shows only the PES bit rate information. The MDM sends updated
OSD values to the display every second.
The following table describes the contents of the MDM OSD.
Circuit
Description
Video PID
Video PID being decoded, displayed in both hex

and decimal
Signal loss
Number of times the signal was lost for more than

one second since the last channel change
Continuity errors
Number of discontinuous video packets since the

last channel change
Bit stream errors
Number of video bitstream errors reported since

the last channel change
Overflow
Number of times the video buffer overflowed since

the last channel change
Underflow
Number of times video buffer underflowed since

the last channel change.
Audio PID
Audio PID being decoded, displayed in both hex

and decimal
CHAPTER 4
Circuit
Description
Continuity errors
Number of discontinuous audio packets since the

last channel change
Rate
PES bit rate in Mbps, derived from the transport

packet rate
Video standard
Video standard: 525 lines or 625 lines
Module Placement
The MDM can reside in the left or right side of a remultiplexer. However,
if it is in the right side of a remultiplexer it can decode only streams that
enter the remultiplexer through any input module that is also on the right
side of the remultiplexer. If the MDM is on the left side of the
remultiplexer, it can decode any stream in the remultiplexer.
Features
The following table lists the MDM features.
Feature
Description
Decodes a single 4:2:0

standard video stream
Both S-video and composite video
Decodes a single audio

stream
Both analog and digital streams, excluding

Dolby Digital (AC-3) streams
OSD
Available with PAL and NTSC video standard.

See Onscreen Display on page 83 for more
information.
Modules
Performance Specifications
The following table lists the MDM video performance specifications.
CCIR-601, 8 MHz
Chroma to luma gain inequality
Chroma to luma delay inequality
1.4 mV
10 ns
Chroma to luma Intermodulation

Chroma non-linear gain
Chroma non-linear phase
< 0.7 mV
< 1.4 mV
< 3
Differential gain
Differential phase
< 1%
< 1
Field-time distortion
Line-time distortion
Short-time distortion
< 3%
< 0.4 mV
< 2%
Frequency response
3 dB @ 5.5 MHz
0 dB to 1 dB @ 0 to 5 MHz
Insertion gain
2.9 mV
Line period jitter
0 ns
Luma non-linearity
< 5%
Luma SNR (unweighted)

Luma SNR (weighted)
> 60 dB
> 65 dB
SC-H phase
< 1
The following table lists the MDM audio performance specifications.

48 kHz, 384 kbps Transport Rate, Stereo
A/V sync differential (relative
to video)
40 to +25 ms
Crosstalk (A-to-B)
(0 Hz to 30 kHz)
< 70 dBu
Frequency response
3 dBu @ 20.3 kHz

0.25 dBu @ 10 Hz to 20 kHz
CHAPTER 4
48 kHz, 384 kbps Transport Rate, Stereo

Gain differential
(left to right)
< 0.25 dBu
Insertion gain
(6.8 dBu input pad)
0 dBu
Noise floor
(0 Hz to 100 kHz)
< 70 dBu
Phase difference
(stereo pair)
< 1
SNR
(0 Hz to 30 kHz)
> 65 dBu
THD + noise
(0 Hz to 30 kHz)
< 0.1%
Specifications
The MDM has five ports. It does not use the 10Base-T Ethernet port.
The following table lists the MDM specifications.

Parameter
Size
Specification
Half-width
Power consumption
Typical
Maximum
Weight
20 W
30 W
0.5 kg (1.0 lb)
Indicators
Ethernet link alive
Ethernet link dead
Green LED active

Green LED inactive
Modules
Parameter
Specification
S-Video Out port

Impedance
Connector
Format
75- unbalanced
4-pin, circular mini-DIN
PAL or NTSC (RS-170 levels); determined by
selected video stream
CVBS Out analog composite

video output port
Impedance
Connector
Format
75- unbalanced
BNC
PAL or NTSC; depending on decoded MPEG-2
stream
A-Audio analog audio output

port
Impedance
Connector
110- balanced, 55- unbalanced

DB-9 female
Max. load impedance

Channels
600-
Left and right stereo pair (balanced or
unbalanced), and mono
D-Audio digital audio output

port
Impedance
Connector
Format
75- unbalanced
BNC
AES/EBU
10Base-T Ethernet data

output port
Connector/Cable
RJ-45/UTP
CHAPTER 4
A-Audio Connector Pinouts

The following figure illustrates the wiring diagram for the balanced left
and right audio, plus the unbalanced mono configuration.
Modules
The following figure illustrates unbalanced left and right audio, and the
mono configuration.
S-Video Out Connector Pinouts

The following table lists the pinouts for the S-Video Out, Y/C output
connector.
Pin
Signal
Y ground
C ground
90 Multiple Output Module (MOM)
CHAPTER 4
Multiple Output Module (MOM)

The MOM provides four independent and four redundant DVB-ASI or
M2S outputs for connection to downstream equipment. The DVB-ASI
variable output rate allows you to specify to the MOM an exact output
data rate up to 1-bps accuracy.
See the online help for information on how to configure the DVB-ASI
variable output rate.
Features
The following table lists the MOM features.
Feature
Description
Duplicate signals per

output
Two copies of a signal are available for

downstream redundancy and uninterrupted signal
monitoring.
DVB-ASI or M2S output

connections
DVB-ASI for use with industry standard

equipment
M2S for use with industry standard equipment
Independent PID
remapping and filtering for
each port
Allows customizing of each MPTS, providing

unique outputs on each port
User-configurable data
rate, packet size, and byte
spacing for each port
Allows customization of data output stream to

meet needs of different manufacturers
Tracks audio and video continuity counter

errors
Modules
Multiple Output Module (MOM) 91
Specifications
The following figure illustrates the ports on the MOM back panel.
The following table lists the MOM specifications.

Parameter
Size
Specification
Half-width
Power consumption
Typical
13 W
Maximum
20 W
Weight
0.5 kg (1.0 lb)
4 independent output ports

and 4 redundant output
ports
DVB-ASI variable output data rates up to 1-bps

accuracy
Maximum bandwidth
100 Mbps per port, with a maximum of 100

Mbps unique data over all four ports
Protocol
DVB-ASI or M2S
Connectors
75- BNC
Interpacket wait time
2 to 65535 clock ticks of 27-MHz clock
92 OC-3/ATM Input Module (OIM)
CHAPTER 4
OC-3/ATM Input Module (OIM)

The OIM provides an OC-3 ATM input. Located in a 5-byte ATM header
is a VPI/VCI (virtual path identifier/virtual channel identifier) that identifies
each ATM cell. The OIM reassembles the incoming ATM cells with
matching VPI/VCIs into 188-byte MPEG-2 packets.
Using your control system, you can select which PIDs in a VC the OIM
accepts. The OIM processes selected PIDs and discards unwanted PIDs
from the input stream. The OIM remaps PIDs on a per VPI/VCI basis. For
example, you can map an identical PID on two different incoming VCs as
unique outgoing PIDs.
A maximum of 48 VCs may be used with the OIM.
Note: If the DOM and the OIM are in the same MN20 chassis and the
DOM output includes one or more programs coming from the OIM, you
may see jerky video after reloading flash memory reload or changing
software versions. Remedy this by setting the DOM DS3 port offline and
online.
Circuit Flow for OIM Input and AOM Output

When the OIM and AOM are in the same MN20 chassis, you need to
configure the same sets of virtual circuts and circuits to enable packet
flow between the AOM and OIM in each OC-3 device. The individual
MN20s can be on the same transport submaps, or on separate transport
submaps.
See the THESYS Controller online help for details.
The OIM reassembles both 8- and 5-cell AAL5 PDUs. The following
figures illustrate the reassembly of 8- and 5-cell PDUs.
Modules
OC-3/ATM Input Module (OIM) 93
94 OC-3/ATM Input Module (OIM)
CHAPTER 4
Features
The OIM has the following features:
Feature
Description
AAL5 PDU packing
Accepts both 5/8 and 8/8-cell encapsulation
ATM
Conforms to ATM Form UNI 3.1
Filtering of any VPI/VCI

and PID remapping
Use THESYS Controller to select which PIDs in a

VC the OIM accepts
Framing
STS-3c or STM-1
Jitter correction
Corrects incoming jitter of 2 milliseconds to

within 50 microseconds peak-to-peak
Removes effects of PCR inaccuracies, packet

queuing and network switching
Reduces the need for memory in the decoder

or set-top box
Operations and
maintenance (OAM)
messaging on Tx port
Sends OAM messages, using transmit fiber, back

to the source switch
Permanent virtual channel

(PVC) connections
Processes up to 48 concurrent VCs of any

VCI/VPI pair
Fault detection
The OIM registers the following faults in the

systems alarm management tools:
Loss of signal
Out of frame
Loss of frame
Line alarm indication signal
Loss of pointer
Path alarm indication signal
Loss of cell delineation
Path remote defect indication
Modules
OC-3/ATM Input Module (OIM) 95
Specifications
The following figure shows the location of the OIM back panel ports and
LEDs.
The following table lists the OIM specifications.

Parameter
Size
Specification
Half-width
Power consumption
Typical
13 W
Maximum
20 W
Weight
0.5 kg (1.0 lb)
Rx input port
Bandwidth
While the OC-3 input is 155.52 Mbps, the

maximum reassembled MPEG-2 packet input is
90 Mbps
Connector
SC
Cable
62.5/125 micrometer multimode fiber cable
Tx OAM messaging output

port
Connector
SC
Cable
62.5/125 micrometer multimode fiber cable
Rx LED status
Off
Detection of a carrier (correct light signal) on

the input port
Green
Input port is receiving cells after input PID

filtering and remapping
Red
Loss of carrier on input port
96 Remultiplexer (RMX) Module
CHAPTER 4
Parameter
Specification
Tx LED status
Off
No cell transmission
Green
Cell transmission
Yellow
Alarm indicating port is not receiving signal
Remultiplexer (RMX) Module

The RMX accepts up to four M2S inputs from other Harmonic
remultiplexers, encoders, and other M2S devices. ASI input is specifically
not supported with this card.
The RMX multiplexes these inputs with other MPEG-2 transport streams
in the remultiplexer chassis. The RMX also supports a back channel for
DiviTrackXE SD encoder support. The maximum supported bitrate for SD
encoders running DiviTrackXE with the RMX is 8 Mbps. The RMX
supports HD inputs in CBR mode only.
Tip: If you need to support HD inputs to a DiviTrackXE pool, use an ARM
or ARM-4 module instead of a RMX module.
The Cypress HOTLink serial protocol with positive ECL logic levels
implements the MPEG-2 serial link using an SMA (input) connector and
an SMB (output) mini-coax connector.
Tip: If you are connecting an encoders data output port to an RMX input
port, use a 50-ohm cable. Use a 75-ohm cable for the upstream channel.
Modules
Remultiplexer (RMX) Module 97
Features
The RMX has these features:
Feature
Description
PID remapping
Allows for channel dropping and PID

reassignment
Time stamp adjustment
Performs time-stamp adjustment on

downstream channels
Upstream feedback
Broadcasts upstream data to each channel for

DiviTrackXE
Specifications
The following figure illustrates the back panel ports on the RMX.
98 Remultiplexer (RMX) Module
CHAPTER 4
The following table lists the RMX specifications.

Parameter
Specification
Size
Half-width
Power consumption
20 W
Weight
0.5 kg (1.0 lb)
4 input ports
Maximum bandwidth
M2S supports a fixed rate of 100 Mbps by adding

null packets to the transport stream. The
remultiplexer discards the null packets. The
remultiplexer supports 100 Mbps MPEG-2
packets total over all ports.
Protocol
M2S
Connector
50- SMA (larger threaded connector)
4 output ports for

DiviTrackXE
Protocol
Connector
Proprietary for DiviTrackXE

50- SMB (smaller snap-on connector)
The following table lists the pinouts of the back panel connectors.
Connector
SMB output connector
SMA input connector
Pin
Signal
Description
Center
M2S Out
M2S upstream data
Shield
Gnd
Ground
Center
M2S In
M2S downstream data
Shield
Gnd
Ground
Note: The maximum and minimum lengths for the M2S cable are 75 and
6 feet, respectively.
Appendix A
Filters and Fuses
This appendix describes how to change the air filter and replace the fuse
if the power supply fails.
Air Filter Maintenance

The remultiplexer uses a filter to minimize dust and dirt in the circuitry
and modules in the chassis. The filter is made of compressed urethane
foam and acts as a fire retardant in compliance with UL 900 Class II
specifications.
The operating environment of the remultiplexer plays a large factor in
determining the life of the air filter. Remultiplexers that operate in dusty
and dirty surroundings require more frequent inspections and filter
cleaning than those operating in cleaner environments.
The filter fits in two slots on the front plate behind the front bezel.
100 Air Filter Maintenance
APPENDIX A
Removing the Filter

You do not need to turn off the remultiplexer when removing and
replacing the air filter.
To remove the filter:
1. Using both hands, grasp the outside corners of the plastic front bezel
and slowly pull to detach it from the remultiplexer, exposing the
mounting holes.
2. Remove the filter from the front plate and inspect it for cleanliness.
When new, the color of the filter is medium charcoal. As dust and dirt
collect the filters color gradually changes to brown.
3. Clean the filter if necessary and replace it.
See Cleaning the Filter on page 101.
4. Replace the front bezel on the remultiplexer by lining up the standoffs
and pushing the bezel until it clicks in place.
Filters and Fuses
Fuse Replacement 101
Cleaning the Filter

Inspect and clean the filter with a frequency appropriate to the
environment where the remultiplexer operates. Harmonic recommends
inspecting the filter every six weeks to ensure proper airflow through the
chassis.
To clean dust and dirt from the filter, use a vacuum or rinse in water. You
can use soaps or mild detergents on the filter. If you rinse the filter in
water, make sure you squeeze the excess water from it before
reinstalling in the remultiplexer. You can also dry-clean the filter; it is not
affected chemically by most oils, solvents, or greases at normal
temperatures.
Fuse Replacement
The remultiplexer uses a 250 V, 3.15-amp slow-blow fuse located on the
back panel between the power switch and power input. A spare fuse is
located in the fuse cover.
Warning: Always replace the fuse with a fuse of the same rating and type.
Failure to do so will void the warranty and could result in a fire.
If the power supply fails, check the fuse and replace if necessary.
1. Turn off the remultiplexer and unplug the power cord from the
chassis.
Warning: You must turn off the remultiplexer and ensure that it
is not connected to a live power source before removing the
fuse.
102 Fuse Replacement
APPENDIX A
2. Pry the fuse holder off by inserting the blade at the bottom of the T
on the power module.
3. Check the wire inside the fuse.
If the wire is broken, proceed to step 4.
If the wire is not broken, the fuse does not need to be replaced.
Proceed with step 5.
4. Insert the new fuse into the fuse holder.

5. Reinstall the cover.
6. Plug in the remultiplexer and turn on the power.
Contact Harmonic Customer Support if you still experience a problem.
Appendix B
EMM Peak Data Rates
This appendix describes how to find and reduce EMM peak data rates.
Reducing EMM Data Rates

Simulcrypt protocol supports 511 ACGs and 60 ECM circuits. Although
60 ECMs are logically supported for proprietary protocols, there is
limited buffering bandwidth available for the sum of EMM and ECM data
rates. Typical systems run into this limitation beyond approximately 750
Kbps EMM bandwidth and 30 ECM circuits of 15 Kbps each.
If you require more ECM circuits, or higher ECM bandwidth, you must
reduce the EMM peak data rate accordingly. Because of limited buffering,
there is no simple formula you can use. You must experiment to find a
suitable new EMM peak data rate.
Currently, the ACM can support 1.5 to 2 Mbps of total EMM and ECM
bandwidth with evenly distributed network traffic from the ECM generator
(ECMG) and EMM generator (EMMG). However, EMMs in excess of 1.5
Mbps may result in packet loss. If the ECMG or EMMG sends a burst of
data (several packets to the ACM at the same time), the ACM may lose
packets. The ACM can support up to five back-to-back packets with a
certain interval time between the bursts. There is no guarantee that the
ACM in lower bandwidth operation can handle a burst with more packets.
104 Reducing EMM Data Rates
APPENDIX B
Appendix C
Customer Support Information
Contacting Harmonic for Technical Support

The Harmonic Customer Support group is available to help you with any
questions or problems you might have regarding Harmonic products.
You can reach them at:
E-mail: techhelp@harmonicinc.com
Phone: (408) 490-6477
1888MPEGTWO (673-4896)
Fax: (408) 490-6770
Harmonic Inc.
549 Baltic Way
Sunnyvale, California 94089
Attn: Customer Support
Documentation Feedback
Harmonic is committed to continually improving the quality of our
documentation. To send comments or suggestions for improving this
document, please copy the following page, fill it out, and send it to us.
You can also send marked-up copies of pages in this document with your
comments. Our address is:
Harmonic Inc.
4772 Walnut Street, Suite 100
Boulder, Colorado 80301
Attn: Technical Publications
E-mail: techpubs@harmonicinc.com
Fax: (720) 406-7100
106 Harmonic Documentation Survey
APPENDIX C
Harmonic Documentation Survey

Thank you for participating in this survey. Please use the address or fax number on the preceding
page under Documentation Feedback to send your completed survey.
Harmonic Manuals and Online Help

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What can we do to make this manual or online help easier to use?
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Glossary
Numerics
10Base-T
An Ethernet standard that uses a twisted
pair cable, with RJ-45 connectors, often
connected in a star configuration through a
hub. The maximum allowable cable length is
328 feet. A 10Base-T system operates at
10 Mbps. See also 100Base-T.
100Base-T
An Ethernet standard that supports data
rates up to 100 Mbps, also known as Fast
Ethernet. 100Base-T can use twisted pair
cable. See also 10Base-T.
A
AAL5
ATM Adaptation Layer 5. Performs the
functions necessary to adapt frame oriented
data information, such as MPEG transport
streams and IP datagrams, to the ATM cell
format.
ACG
access control group. An identifier that links
control words (CWs), entitlement control
messages (ECMs), and packet identifiers
(PIDs) to a common group.
ACM
Access Control Module. Scrambles data
packets passing through an MN20
remultiplexer.
AEM
Audio Encoder Module. Accepts either
analog or digital audio. Installed in an MN20
remultiplexer, it compresses audio input for
two dual channel or two stereo audio
programs into MPEG-2 audio transport
packets.
AES/EBU
Audio Engineering Society/European
Broadcasting Union. These industry
associations define standards for digital
audio input interface and cables, which
Harmonic uses for digital audio.
AOM
ATM/OC-3 Output Module. The AOM
provides an Optical Carrier Level 3 (OC-3)
output by segmenting MPEG-2 transport
stream packets into ATM cells and
transmitting these cells over an OC-3
interface.
ARM
ASI Remultiplexer Module. Provides a
DVB-ASI interface for the MN20
remultiplexer. It accepts up to four
independent MPTSs in either the DVB-ASI or
M2S protocol. In release 16.xx, the ARM
108 ASI
Glossary
was redesigned and renamed ARM-4, but

the functionality remains the same. The
ARM-4 does not accept M2S streams.
broadcast encoding system
asynchronous serial interface. A DVBdefined interface protocol for carrying

MPEG-2 transport streams at a constant or
defined transmission rate.
broadcast modulator
An assembly of components that

compresses, multiplexes, and scrambles
program material.
ASI
ATM
asynchronous transfer mode. A highbandwidth, low-delay switching and
multiplexing technology for delivering highspeed data, including digital video and
audio.
ATSC
Advanced Television Systems Committee.
Establishes communications standards for
advanced television systems, including high
definition and digital television, interactive
systems, and data broadcasting standards.
B
balanced audio
Audio that is transmitted differentially, that
is, sending the positive and negative
aspects of a data signal so that the data
arrives undistorted because noise is
cancelled out. See also unbalanced audio.
BER
bit error rate. The ratio of bits transmitted in
error to the total bits sent. For example, a
BER of 106 means 1 bit in a million is sent in
error.
BNC
Bayonet-Neill-Concelman. A standard
coaxial cable connector named for the
inventors (Neill and Concelman) and the
connection type (bayonet). Harmonic
components typically use a standard BNC
for various I/O connectors. For example, the
MV40 encoder uses a BNC connector for
its digital audio input.
See modulator.
C
carrier frequency range
For a satellite receiver, the range of valid
input signals.
CAS
conditional access system. Scrambles the
programming material and allows
conditional access to the descrambled
information on the basis of subscriber
authorization. In consumer applications,
CAS allows access to certain programs on
the basis of a monetary exchange. In
commercial applications, CAS allows
controlled access to proprietary programs.
CAT
conditional access table. The CAT informs a
set-top box of conditional access system
(CAS) information, such as the EMM stream
for provisioning the set-top box.
channel
For THESYS Controller, a collection of
circuits (video, audio, data, EMM, and ECM
Generator) that are related to each other in
the program association table. See also
PAT.
circuit
For the Network Management System, an
elementary stream that carries audio, video,
or data. Each circuit is assigned a unique
PID.
Glossary
closed captioning
The process of encoding, transmitting,
decoding, and displaying program-related
text typically on the lower part of a monitor
or television during broadcast. It is a video
feature for users who are in a noise-intense
environment, such as a laboratory, or who
are hearing impaired.
conditional access
See CAS.
convolutional code
See FEC.
crosstalk
The interference of a signal from an
adjacent signal.
CW
control word. A value that the CAS
generates to scramble the program data
stream.
DHEI 109
stuffing and section stuffing are not

performed, and datagrams are not aligned
to the beginning of the MTS packet payload.
datagram section
An MPEG-2 section that consists of a
datagram header, payload, and a checksum
or cyclic redundancy check (CRC). The
maximum size of a section is 4096 bytes
with a variable size header, depending on
the type of data.
DB-9
A 9-pin connector used to connect
communications and other electronic
devices. It is commonly used for EIA-232
interfaces.
DBS
direct broadcast satellite. Describes a video
entertainment broadcasting system over
satellite to receivers at the customer (end
user) site.
DCE
D
data link
A serial or parallel transmission facility that
carries the MPEG-2 transport stream from
one component to another.
data stream
The continuous flow of information from
one location to another.
datacast
A system that inserts data into an MPEG-2
transport stream and enables high bit-rate
data download and recovery at the receiver.
The data can be related to the video/audio
elementary streams.
datagram packing
The most effective method of
encapsulation. Datagram packing places
datagram sections back-to-back within the
payloads of MTS packets. Adaptation field
data communications equipment. A device

that communicates with a DTE over
EIA-232. For example, a modem is a DCE
that sends to and accepts data from a host
computer (DTE). See also DTE.
decoder
A device that converts an encoded signal
back to its original form.
demultiplex
The conversion of several intermixed
signals back to the original separate signals.
DHEI
Digital Headend Expansion Interface. An
interface protocol for carrying MPEG-2
transport streams between headend
equipment.
110 DIM
DIM
Glossary
DTE
data terminal equipment. A device that
communicates with a DCE device over
EIA-232. For example, a DTE is a computer
that sends to and accepts data from a
modem (DCE). See also DCE.
Data Input Module. Accepts either

formatted or unformatted data on an
Ethernet connection and packetizes this
data for transmission in an MPEG-2
transport stream.
DIN connector
DTS
decoding time stamp. A field that might be
present in the PES packet header that
indicates the time the access unit is
decoded in the system target decoder.
A plug and socket used to connect a variety

of devices. DIN plugs are about 1/2-inch in
diameter, with pins inside in a circular
pattern. See also mini-DIN connector.
DiviTrackXE
The DiviTrackXE system gives some
MediaView encoders advanced warning of
upcoming material by using Harmonic
LookAhead technology, resulting in
outstanding compression efficiency, higher
quality video, and better bandwidth
utilization.
dual channel
A channel that consists of two audio signals
that are related to each other, for example,
the English and Japanese translation of a
documentarys audio. The channel must be
encoded using a common timebase (PCR).
DWORD alignment
Makes the size of each MPEG-2 datagram
section a multiple of 32 bits. Many receivers
require sections to end on a multiple of
32 bits. See also datagram section.
DOM
DS3/ATM Output Module. An output
interface that transmits MPEG-2 transport
stream packets over an ATM interface with
a DS3 physical interface.
downconverter
A device used to lower one or more highfrequency signals to an intermediate range.
See also LNB.
E
ECM
entitlement control message. An ECM is a
message generated by the conditional
access system (CAS). The ECM contains an
encrypted version of the control word that
only authorized subscribers can decrypt.
See also EMM.
downstream
The direction of the communications
service data flow. Broadcast services flow
downstream from the service provider to
the subscriber.
DS3
A North American telephony interface
standard, which operates at 44.736 Mbps
over 75-ohm RG-59 coaxial cable. See also
DOM.
EIA
Electronic Industries Alliance. A U.S. trade
organization that is responsible for
establishing hardware interface standards.
EIA-232
An EIA standard interface for connecting
serial devices (DCEs), such as modems,
monitors, mice, and serial printers to a DTE.
EIA-232 supports the 25-pin D-type
connector (DB-25) and a 9-pin D-type
connector (DB-9).
Glossary
EIA-422
FEC 111
Ethernet
A data link (physical interface) developed
for local area networks (LANs) that supports
transmission rates up to 10 Mbps. Fast
Ethernet supports transmission rates up to
100 Mbps. See also 10Base-T and
100Base-T.
An EIA standard interface for multipoint

serial communications. EIA-422 is similar to
EIA-232, but has higher data rates and a
higher tolerance for electrical interference.
EIT
event information table. This DVB-SI table
provides information in chronological order
for the events contained within each
service. See also SI.
EVIM
Enhanced Video Input Module. Accepts
either composite analog video or serial
component digital video and generates
digital video. When coupled with an MDM,
the EVIM can display the digital output from
the MDM on its digital video output
connector.
elementary stream
An individual MPEG data stream. Each
stream carries a portion of the program,
such as compressed video, compressed
audio, teletext, closed captioning, or
datagram information. One elementary
stream is carried in a sequence of PES
packets with a single stream identification.
expansion unit
A Harmonic product that provides
additional input channels when the number
of program inputs exceeds the capacity of a
single encoder.
embedded controller
A processing unit located within each
component that is responsible for the
control of that component.
EMM
entitlement management message. An
EMM is a message generated by the
conditional access system (CAS). The EMM
authorizes an individual subscriber or group
of subscribers to descramble a
program.The EMM is used with the ECM.
See also ECM.
encoder
A device that compresses digital data
(video, audio, and data streams) into an
MPEG-2 transport stream.
EOM
Ethernet Output Module. As an optional
plug-in card for the MN20 Remultiplexer,
the EOM outputs MPEG-2 transport streams
over IP through a 100 Mbps Ethernet port.
EOM supports 1:1 redundancy.
F
F connector
A common consumer coaxial cable
connector used to connect antennas,
televisions, and VCRs.
FCC
Federal Communications Commission. A
board of commissioners that regulates
interstate and foreign wire and radio
communications that originate in the U.S.
FEC
forward error correction. An encoding
technique that corrects errored data on the
receiving end.
112 FTTC
FTTC
fiber to the curb. FTTC is an access network
that delivers programming to the individual
customer. The fiber is usually terminated at
the curb and connected with coaxial cable
that is usually run underground to the
home.
Glossary
I
IEC power cord
A power cord manufactured in accordance
with standards set by the International
Electrotechnical Commission.
IEEE
FTTH
fiber to the home. FTTH is an access
network that delivers programming to the
individual customer. The fiber is terminated
at the end user site.
Institute of Electrical and Electronics

Engineers. The IEEE is a professional
organization that develops a wide variety of
standards.
IRD
integrated receiver decoder. A device that
combines the capability of receiving satellite
transmissions and decoding MPEG-2
transport stream packets.
H
headend
The distribution point in a TV system.
header
Several bytes at the beginning of the packet
that determine the type of data and other
attributes.
J
joint stereo
Joint stereo circuits have a high degree of
commonality between the left and right
audio signals, for example, a politicians
speech or the monaural audio from an old
movie broadcast on a stereo channel. This
commonality of the audio signals can
improve the amount of data compression.
Hertz
A unit of frequency defined as one cycle
per second. Abbreviated Hz.
HFC
hybrid fiber coax. An access method that
delivers programming to the individual
customer. It combines the use of fiber and
coaxial cable.
HPA
high-powered amplifier. Provides signal
amplification output from an upconverter in
a satellite communications system.
Hz
See Hertz.
L
LNA
low noise amplifier. The preamplifier
between an antenna and an earth station
receiver. For maximum effectiveness, it
must be located as near the antenna as
possible and usually is attached directly to
the antenna receive port. It is designed to
contribute the least amount of thermal noise
to the received signal.
Glossary
LNB
low noise block downconverter. A
combination low noise amplifier and
downconverter built into one device. An
LNB is usually located at the center of the
satellite dish.
M
M2P
The Harmonic MPEG-2 parallel interface for
carrying MPEG-2 transport streams.
M2S
The Harmonic MPEG-2 serial interface for
carrying MPEG-2 transport streams.
MAC address
The permanent identifier for a device. It
consists of six octets separated by colons,
for example, 00:20:A3:xx:xx:xx. The first six
characters identify the manufacturer.
Harmonic assigns the next six characters as
a unique identifier.
Mbaud
Megabaud, which is the signal rate of a line,
expressed in millions. It can also be the
switching speed, or number of transitions
(voltage or frequency changes), per second.
MCM
M2P Converter Module. Converts the
MN20 remultiplexers M2P output to a
SMPTE 310M output.
MCPC
multiple channel per carrier.
MDM
Monitor Decoder Module. Provides the
means to visually monitor MPEG-2 transport
streams through an onscreen display for
NTSC video only. The onscreen display
provides audio and video PID and error
condition information.
MPEG-2 113
mini-DIN connector
This connector, 1/4-inch in diameter, is
commonly used for S-video, for example, on
the Harmonic MDM. See also DIN
connector.
MMDS
multichannel multipoint distribution service.
Uses microwave transmission to deliver
MPEG-2 transport streams to the end user.
modulator
A device that converts a digital bitstream to
an analog waveform compatible with the
transmission medium.
module
A circuit board installed in a component
that contains input/output ports.
monaural
A channel that has a single audio input.
MOM
Multiple Output Module. Resides in an
MN20 remultiplexer and generates up to
four multiple program transport streams
(MPTS), each over a DVB-ASI interface. A
MOM allows a single MN20 to drive
multiple modulators with aggregate
bandwidth up to 100 Mbps.
MPEG
Moving Pictures Experts Group. A joint
working group of the International
Standards Organization and International
Electrotechnical Committee.
MPEG-1
A specification developed primarily for
compression of low-resolution Standard
Interface Format (SIF) video.1.5 Mbps audio
and video data can be stored on a standard
compact disk (CD).
MPEG-2
A specification developed primarily for
compression of CCIR-601 video. The
system layer has support for additional
114 MPTS
functionality, including tolerance to errors,

which makes it generally more suitable for
transmission than MPEG-1, and for
interlaced video.
Glossary
geographically diverse sites through a

server/client architecture, and scales to
support small or large networks.
NTSC
MPTS
National Television Systems Committee.

This committee created the composite
television standard used in the United
States, Japan, and several other countries.
The standard transmits 525 lines at 60
fields per second (interlaced).
multiple program transport stream. Several

MPEG programs multiplexed together into a
single stream.
MTS packet
MPEG-2 transport stream packet. The basic
unit of an MPEG-2 transport stream. Each
packet is 188 bytes, which includes a
4-byte header.
multiplex
O
OIM
OC-3/ATM Input Module. Receives an
MPEG-2 MPTS over a 155-Mbps ATM
optical interface.
The ability to combine multiple signals over

a single communications line or channel.
multiplexer
A function where multiple signals are
combined into a single signal. A device that
merges several lower-speed transmissions
into one high-speed transmission, and vice
versa. See also remultiplexer.
OSD
onscreen display. Text, such as the program
number, that is displayed on the monitor
while a program is being decoded.
P
PAL
NIM
network interface module. A receiver
component interface to an access method,
such as HFC, satellite, or ATM.
NIT
network information table. This MPEG-2
table conveys information about the
physical organization of the transport
streams and the characteristics of the
network. See also SI.
NMX
The NMX Digital Service Manager provides
configuration, control, monitoring, and fault
management for open digital television
broadcast systems. NMX supports
phase alternate line. The composite

television standard used in much of Europe
and the Far East. PAL transmits 625 lines of
resolution. See also NTSC.
packet
A block of data used for transmission.
PAT
program association table. This table
indicates the location (the PID values of the
transport stream packets) of the
corresponding program map table (PMT), as
well as the location of the network
information table (NIT).
PCR
program clock reference. This is an
embedded MPEG-2 time stamp, which is
used as a clock reference value to
Glossary
synchronize the 27-MHz reference clock in

the decoder to the 27-MHz reference clock
in the encoder. Components exchange
PCRs to maintain this synchronization.
QAM 115
program
For MPEG-2, a program is a collection of
video, audio, data elementary streams, and
tables (circuits in the NMS) carried on a
channel that share a common clock
reference.
PDU
protocol data unit. A data unit that is
specified in a layered protocol that consists
of protocol control information and layer
user data.
program provider
The entity responsible for the production
and delivery of source program material.
The program provider distributes program
materials through program brokers to
subscribers.
PES
packetized elementary stream. The MPEG-2
data structure used to carry elementary
stream data. The PES packet payloads
consist of data from a single elementary
stream.
PSI
program specific information. A set of
MPEG-2 inband control tables. The tables
contain tuning information, information
about the relationships between the various
elementary streams, and conditional access
information. See also SI.
PID
packet identifier. Integer values used in the
MPEG-2 standard to identify an elementary
stream of a program within a transport
stream.
PTS
presentation time stamp. An MPEG-2 time
stamp value derived from the PCR that
determines when a block of compressed
data should be presented at the decoder.
Each elementary stream (video, audio, and
data) contains a PTS. The decoder aligns the
data from the various elementary streams
using the PTS to ensure that they are in
synchronization during playback.
pinouts
The description and purpose of each pin in
a connector.
PMT
program map table. An MPEG-2 program
specific information (PSI) table that maps the
program number to the PIDs of the
elementary streams that comprise the
program.
port
A port is an input to or an output from a
component, an adapter, or a module.
POST
power-on self test. A pre-configured suite of
diagnostics that verify the operational state
of a Harmonic component. The tests are
automatically initialized and executed
whenever the component is turned on.
Q
QAM
quadrature amplitude modulation.
Transmits 4 bits (16 QAM) to 8 bits
(256 QAM) at the same time by varying the
phase and amplitude of a signal. QAM can
only be used on very quiet transmission
media, such as downstream-only coaxial
cable or fiber, because amplitude
modulation is susceptible to interfering
signals. See also QPSK.
116 QPSK
QPSK
quaternary phase shift keying. QPSK
transmits 2 bits at the same time by varying
the phase of the signal. QPSK is fairly
resistant to noise, so it can be used on a
wide variety of transmission media,
including satellite transmission and
upstream communication on coaxial cable.
See also QAM.
Glossary
remultiplexer
A Harmonic component, such as the MN20,
that multiplexes several MPEG-2 input
streams into a single output stream. In a
broadcast encoding system it can be used
for transmission or storage.
RJ-45
An eight-wire connector such as an
Ethernet connector. See also 10Base-T and
100Base-T.
R
RCA connector
A plug and socket for a two-wire coaxial
cable used to connect audio and video
components.
S
S-video
Separate video, also called Super-video.
Consists of analog video with separate luma
and chroma signals.
redundancy
A back-up system of components that
ensures uninterruptable service in the event
of a component failure.
Reed-Solomon decoder
A device that performs error correction on
the incoming data transport stream. It is a
standard for serial transmission between
computers and their related devices.
SCPC
single channel per carrier.
SCPC NIM
An SCPC NIM provides connection with
narrowband communications channels. It
supports 2 7 Mbaud.
SDT
reference clock
The 27-MHz clock source that is maintained
within a component for the purpose of
timing MPEG elementary streams. At the
source, samples of the reference clock are
used to create PCRs. At the receiver, the
PCRs are used to synchronize the receivers
clock with the source reference clock.
relay
An electrical switch that allows a lower
power to control a higher one. A small
current energizes the relay, which closes a
gate, allowing a large current to flow
through.
service description table. This DVB-SI table

describes services contained within a
particular transport stream. The services
might be part of the actual transport stream
or part of other transport streams, which the
table_id identifies. See also SI.
section
See datagram section.
SI
service information. A set of DVB tables that
supplements MPEG PSI. These tables
include the NIT, SDT, EIT, and TDT.
single channel
See monaural.
Glossary
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol. The
protocol that control and management
software, such as THESYS Controller, use to
configure and monitor Harmonic encoding
components remotely over IP.
terminal system remultiplexer 117
stuffing byte
A null byte with a hexadecimal value,
usually FF, to fill out the length of MPEG-2
sections and packets.
stuffing type
Section or adaptation field. Section stuffing
adds stuffing bytes (usually 0xFF) in the MTS
packet at the end of the datagram section to
make up the packet length. Adaptation field
stuffing adds stuffing bytes to the adaptation
field at the beginning of the MTS packet so
the section ends on the last byte of the MTS
packet.
SNR
signal-to-noise ratio. The ratio of the
amplitude (power, volume) of a data signal
to the amount of noise (interference) in the
line. It measures the clarity and quality of a
transmission channel or electronic device,
usually in decibels.
spectral scrambling
A method that spreads the energy over a
range of frequencies so that the periodic or
constant data does not result in high-power
spectral densities. Contrast with spectral
descrambling, which tracks the frequencies
used to encode the data for decoding
purposes.
SPTS
single program transport stream.
SRC
seamless rate change. The ability to change
video bandwidth in a circuit without causing
disturbance, such as coding artifacts or
buffer exceptions.
STC
system time clock. This clock is the
common 27-MHz clock that is used to
create both PCRs and system clock
references (SCRs).
stereo
A stereo signal consists of two audio signals
that are directly related to each other and
must be encoded using a common
timebase (PCR).
STS
system time stamp. A 24-bit, 90-KHz
counter that is referenced each time a
packet arrives at the input port.
subscriber
The end user of a broadcast system; the
person that views programs for
entertainment purposes.
symbol rate
The encoded transmission rate in a
modulated stream, expressed in Mbaud.
T
TDT
time and date table. This DVB-SI table
contains frequently updated information
that relates to the present time and date.
See also SI.
terminal block
A connector used to attach a wire or set of
wires.
terminal system remultiplexer

The remultiplexer that performs the final
level of multiplexing. In the system
architecture, this component is just before
the uplink modulator or other channel
encoder. This designation is important
because this component has tasks that are
specific to its placement in the topology.
118 THESYS Controller
THESYS Controller
A Harmonic network control application. It
controls, manages, and monitors Harmonic
components in a Harmonic broadcast
encoding system.
Glossary
VC
virtual channel. A logical communications
channel that provides sequential
unidirectional transport of ATM cells.
VCC
transport stream
virtual channel connection. A concatenation

of VCs that extends between the points
where the ATM service users access the
ATM layer. The endpoints of a VCC are the
points at which the ATM cell payload is
passed to, or received from, the users of the
ATM Layer (such as the adaptation point of
datagrams or MTS packets into ATM cells)
for processing. VCCs are unidirectional.
One or more multiplexed MPEG-2

programs.
U
unbalanced audio
Audio that has a single output with respect
to ground; that is, the output is not
transmitted differentially. See also balanced
audio.
VCI
virtual channel identifier. A unique
numerical tag of a VC. It is defined by a
16-bit field in the ATM cell header that
identifies a virtual channel, over which the
cell is to travel.
UNI
ATM user-network interface. The logical
demarcation point between service users
equipment and network providers
equipment.
VIA
Video Input Adapter. Accepts either
composite or digital video and generates
digital video components for Harmonic
MediaView encoders.
upstream
Refers to the direction of the
communications service flow. The return
communications path traverses upstream
from the subscriber to the service provider.
VP
virtual path. A group of VCs that provides
the sequential unidirectional transport of
ATM cells.
VPC
VBI
vertical blanking interval. This is the space
between the end of the vertical
synchronization pulse and start of the active
video (lines 10 to 21 for NTSC, and lines 6
to 22 for PAL). Digital information, which
can be transmitted during this time is
encoded as pulses in the luminance
information. Information normally sent
includes vertical interval time codes (VITC)
and extended data services (EDS).
virtual path connection. A concatenation of

VPs. Analogous to a VCC but at the VP
layer. VPCs are unidirectional.
A 119
Numerics
1 37
100Base-T, definition 107
10Base-T
ACM pinouts 44, 80
definition 107
See also Ethernet
48VDC power supply 14
5-cell AAL5 PDU 91
8-cell AAL5 PDU 91
A
A/V routing switch 5
AAL5
5-cell AAL5 PDU 91
8-cell AAL5 PDU 91
definition 107
Access Control Module. See ACM
ACG
definition 107
described 41
relationship between CWs and PIDs 42
ACM
alarms 43
CAS support 39
CAS, illustrated 39
definition 107
DES
scrambling compliance 43
scrambling support 38
described 38
DVB
scrambling compliance 43
scrambling support 38
EMM/ECM message flow 40
Ethernet
pinouts 44
port 44
fault detection 43
features 43
injecting EMMs into MPEG-2 transport
streams 39
placement in chassis 36
specifications 44
using with MDM 81
AEM
analog audio input pinouts 61

back panel ports 60
definition 107
digital audio I/O pinouts 61
I/O specifications 60
AES/EBU, definition 107
agency approvals iii
air filters, removal and replacement 100
airflow, chassis 24
alarms
ACM 43
AOM 55
DIM 67
DOM 70
EOM 76
OIM 93
amber LED 13
antistatic bags, ESD protection 22
AOM
alarms 55
calculating bit rates 51
calculating peak cell rate 52
definition 107
description 47
fault detection 55
features 54, 56
IP encapsulation 49
specifications 56
ARM/ARM-4
connectors 47
definition 107
description 45
features 46
inputs and outputs 47
M2S streams 45
specifications 46
ASI Remultiplexer Module. See ARM/ARM-4
ASI, definition 108
asynchronous transfer mode. See ATM
ATM
definition 108
DOM support 70
120 B
header information 93
processing incoming cells 93
ATM/OC-3 Output Module. See AOM
ATSC, definition 108
audio
analog input pinouts on AEM 61
decoding via MDM 81
synchronization 59
audio algorithm 58
Audio Encoder Module. See AEM
B
back panel ports. See ports
back panel, illustrated
ACM 44
AEM 59
ARM/ARM-4 46
DIM 68
DOM 71
EOM 79
main board 14
MCM 80
MDM 85
MOM 90
OIM 94
RMX 96
balanced audio, definition 108
BER, definition 108
BNC, definition 108
broadcast encoding system
cables, layout recommendations 29
definition 108
Harmonic components, described 4
input sources 5
list of delivery systems 1
related equipment 4
service disruption prevention 32
THESYS Controller 6
broadcast modulator, definition 108
C
cables
between encoders and remultiplexers 30
Ethernet, connecting 30
layout 29
M2P ports 17
M2S, disconnection fault 10

power 32
reducing radiated EMI 29
shipping 21
specifications
ACM 44
AEM 60
AOM 57
ARM/ARM-4 47
DIM 68
DOM 7172
MCM 81
MDM 86
MOM 86, 90
OIM 94, 97
carrier frequency range, definition 108
CAS
definition 108
described 5, 39
sending ECMs to ACM 39
subscriber management system 39
with ACM, illustrated 39
CAT, definition 108
channel, definition 108
chassis
airflow 24
module slot assignments 36
circuit
definition 108
error monitoring in the MDM 82
closed captioning, definition 109
communications link 6
compliance and approval ii
components
Harmonic products 4
POST failure, LED status 13
conditional access system. See CAS
conditional access, definition 109
connections, FCC compliance ii
connectors
ACM 44
AEM 60
AOM 57
ARM/ARM-4 47
DIM 68
DOM 71
MCM 81
E 121
MDM 86
MOM 90
OIM 94
RMX 97
control words. See CW
convolutional code, definition 109
crosstalk, definition 109
cTUVus, North American safety approval iii
customer support, contacting 105
CW
definition 109
generation 41
relationship between ACG and PIDs 42
role in encryption of ECM 39
Cypress HOTLink serial protocol 95
D
data formats 62, 64
Data Input Module. See DIM
Data Link Module. See RMX
data link, definition 109
data stream, definition 109
datacast, definition 109
datagram packing, definition 109
datagram section, definition 109
DB-9, definition 109
DBS, definition 109
DCE, definition 109
decoder, definition 109
demultiplex, definition 109
DIM
data formats 62
definition 110
EIA-232 pinouts 69
error detection 67
Ethernet port 68
features 67
MPEG-2 transport streams 63
output scheduler 64
ports 68
processing unformatted data streams 62
purpose 62
specifications 68
DIN connector, definition 110
DiviCast, described 5
DiviTrackXE
cabling 95
definition 110
overview 7
DLM. See RMX
documentation feedback 105
DOM
alarms 70
ATM transmission 70
definition 110
fault detection 70
features 70
ports 71
purpose 70
specifications 71
support for virtual channels 70
downconverter, definition 110
downstream, definition 110
DS3, definition 110
DS3/ATM Output Module. See DOM
DTE, definition 110
DTS, definition 110
dual channel, definition 110
DVB
ACM compliance 43
scrambling in ACM 38
Dword alignment, definition 110
E
ECM
definition 110
described 39
using CWs for encryption 39
EIA, definition 110
EIA-232
definition 110
pinouts 69
EIA-422
definition 111
pinouts 17
EIT, definition 111
elementary stream, definition 111
embedded controller, definition 111
EMM
definition 111
described 39
generated in CAS 39
122 F
EMM/ECM message flow 40

encoder, definition 111
entitlement control messages. See ECM
entitlement management message. See EMM
environmental specifications 38
EOM
alarms 76
features 75
IP encapsulation 74
IP EncapsulationI 74
LED configurations 75
LEDs 79
overview 73
redundancy 73
specifications 79
EOM features 75
ESD, safety precautions 22
Ethernet
cabling 30
CAS sending ECMs to ACM 39
definition 111
link integrity
ACM 44
MDM 85
port
ACM 44
DIM 6768
MDM 86
Ethernet LED 75
Ethernet Output Module 73
European EMI/EMC approvals iii
EVIM, definition 111
expansion unit
definition 111
in encoding system 4
F
F connector, definition 111
fault detection
ACM 43
AOM 55
DIM 67
DOM 70
OIM 93
Fault LED 1213
fault relay connector specifications 16
FCC
compliance ii
definition 111
features 75
features, remultiplexer 9
FEC, definition 111
feedback for documentation 105
front panel 12
FTTC, definition 112
FTTH, definition 112
G
green LED 13
H
Harmonic equipment, modifying ii
Harmonic Heartbeat Protocol
see HHP 73
Harmonic, contacting 105
headend, definition 112
header, definition 112
Hertz, definition 112
HFC, definition 112
HHP
redundancy in EOM 73
HOTLink serial protocol 95
HP OpenView for Windows 6
HPA, definition 112
Hz, definition 112
I
I/O
ACM 44
AEM 60
ARM/ARM-4 47
DIM 62, 64
DOM 71
MDM 86
MOM 90
OIM 94
RMX 97
IEC power cord, definition 112
IEEE, definition 112
input data streams, illustrated 62
input/output. See I/O
M 123
installation
components 23
English instructions 22
unpacking guidelines 21
IP encapsulation
EOM 74
illustrated 50, 74
overview 49, 74
IRD, definition 112
J
joint stereo, definition 112
L
LEDs
ACM ethernet link 44
amber 12
DIM Link 68
EOM types 79
green 12
MDM indicators 85
OIM back panel 94
red 12
status at power up 13
LNA, definition 112
LNB, definition 113
M
M2P
definition 113
output ports 17
M2P Converter Module. See MCM
M2S
cable lengths, specified 97
definition 113
disconnection fault for RMX 10
output clock frequencies 9
output ports 18
MAC address, definition 113
maintenance, fuses 101
Mbaud, definition 113
MCM
definition 113

ports 80
purpose 80
MCPC, definition 113
MDM
analog audio connectors 8788
analog audio output 86
analog composite video output 86
balanced audio cable, illustrated 87
data output 86
definition 113
digital audio output 86
features 83
MPEG-2 decoding 81
onscreen display
error detection 82
support 82
placement in chassis 37, 83
ports 85
scrambled programs, unsupported 81
specifications 85
S-video output 86
S-video Y/C pinouts 88
unbalanced audio cable 88
using with ACM 81
mini-DIN connector, definition 113
MMDS, definition 113
MN20. See remultiplexer
modulator
definition 113
described 5
module, definition 113
modules
ACM 3844
AEM 5861
ARM/ARM-4 4546
DIM 6269
DOM 7072
environmental specifications 38
installation instructions
English 22
MCM 8081
MDM 8188
MOM 8990
OIM 9195
proper handling 22
124 N
RMX 9596
slot assignments 36
MOM
definition 113
features 89
ports 90
purpose 89
specifications 90
monaural, definition 113
Monitor Decoder Module. See MDM
moving the remultiplexer, caution 12
MPEG, definition 113
MPEG-1, definition 113
MPEG-2
definition 113
IP encapsulation 49, 74
OIM transport rate, defined 94
over ATM 47
packet rate allocation 9
parallel output port. See M2P
serial cable length specification 97
serial output port. See M2S
transport streams
decryption of CW 39
EMM injection by ACM 39
input to DIM 63
monitoring via MDM 81
verifying packet traffic 13
MPTS, definition 114
MTS packet, definition 114
Multiple Output Module. See MOM
multiplex, definition 114
multiplexer, definition 114
N
Network Management Systems 6
networking 9
NIM, definition 114
NIT, definition 114
NMX
definition 114
NMX Digital Service Manager 6
North American EMI approvals iii
North American Safety approvals iii
NTSC, definition 114
O
OC-3/ATM Input Module. See OIM
OIM
alarms 93
ATM input support 91
definition 114
described 91
fault detection 93
features 93
MPEG-2 transport rate, defined 94
port LEDs 95
ports 94
processing incoming ATM cells 91
specifications 94
support for ATM cells
5-cell AAL5 PDU 91
8-cell AAL5 PDU 93
virtual channel support 93
onscreen display. See OSD
Operate LED 13
OSD
definition 114
display contents 8283
enabled with NTSC standard 82
error detection support on MDM 82
output scheduler 64
P
packet, definition 114
PAL, definition 114
PAT, definition 114
PCR, definition 114
PDU, definition 115
PES, definition 115
PIDs
ACG and CW, illustrated 42
definition 115
pinouts
ACM 44
AEM 61
definition 115
DIM 69
DOM 72
MDM 88
RMX 97
S 125
PMT, definition 115

port, definition 115
ports
ACM 44
AEM 60
ARM/ARM-4 46
DIM 68
DOM 71
EOM 80
main board 1718
MCM 80
MDM 85
MOM 90
OIM 94
RMX 96
POST
definition 115
failure, LED status 13
LEDs 13
power cable, connecting 33
power input specifications, AC 15
Power LED 12
power supplies
AC 33
optional 48VDC 14
standard 15
when to use uninterruptable 32
power-on self test 13
preventing service disruptions during
switch-over 32
program provider, definition 115
program, definition 115
PSI, definition 115
PTS, definition 115
Q
QAM, definition 115
QPSK, definition 116
R
rack mounting
cooling requirements 24
kit 26
rack system
cooling and airflow 24
raised floors in system installation 25
RCA connector, definition 116

red LED 12
redundancy, definition 116
Reed-Solomon decoder, definition 116
reference clock, definition 116
relay, definition 116
remultiplexer
amber LED 12
definition 116
front panel, described 12
green LED 12
red LED 12
specifications 11
support for multiple RMXs 95
using as an expansion unit 1
Remultiplexer Module. See RMX
RJ-45, definition 116
RMX
features 96
MPEG-2 serial input support 95
MPEG-2 serial link 95
ports 96
purpose 95
specifications 97
S
safety precautions 22
SCPC NIM, definition 116
SCPC, definition 116
SDT, definition 116
section. See datagram section.
set-top box, decrypting ECMs 39
single channel, definition 116
slot assignments, module 36
SNMP, definition 117
SNR, definition 117
specification
EOM 75
specifications
ACM 44
AEM 59
ARM/ARM-4 46
DIM 68
DOM 71
environmental 38
126 T
EOM 79
MCM 80
MDM 8588
MOM 90
OIM 94
remultiplexer 11
RMX 96
spectral scrambling, definition 117
SPTS, definition 117
SRC, definition 117
standards and approvals iii
STC, definition 117
stereo, definition 117
STS, definition 117
stuffing byte, definition 117
stuffing type, definition 117
subscriber authorization system 42
subscriber, definition 117
S-video, definition 116
switch-over, preventing disruption of
service 32
symbol rate, definition 117
system installation
accessories, included 21
computer rack cooling requirements 24
connecting components 24
ESD safety precautions 22
floor layout 25
module handling 22
racks
leveling out 25
safety precautions 25
specifications 23
unpacking
equipment 21
modules 22
T
TDT, definition 117
technical support, contacting 105
terminal block, definition 117
terminal system remultiplexer, definition 117
THESYS Controller 6
definition 118
traffic LED 1213

Transmit LED 13
transport stream, definition 118
TUV, European safety approval iii
U
UDP 50, 74
unbalanced audio, definition 118
underflow protection by output scheduler 64
unformatted data streams 62
uninterruptable power supplies 32
unpacking Harmonic components 21
upstream, definition 118
V
VBI, definition 118
VC
definition 118
use with DOM 70
VCC, definition 118
VCI
definition 118
use with OIM 91
VIA, definition 118
virtual channel identifier. SeeVCI.
virtual channel. See VC.
VP, definition 118
VPC, definition 118
VPI
use with OIM 91

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MediaNode Remultiplexer

Part Number: MAN-MN20-2730

Compliance and Approval

Compliance with Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Regulatory Standards and Agency Approvals

EMI: FCC Part 15, subpart B, ICES003, Issue 2, Class A

Safety: UL 60950, CSA 60950

EMI/EMC: EN55022, Class A,

Table of Contents vii

ACMs and TCP Socket Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

viii Table of Contents

Ethernet Link LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Filters and Fuses

EMM Peak Data Rates

Customer Support Information

Chapter 1, Introduction, introduces the Harmonic components and

Chapter 2, Specifications, provides a detailed description of the

Chapter 3, Hardware Installation, provides information for installing

Chapter 4, Modules, provides detailed descriptions of the modules

Appendix A, Filters and Fuses, describes how to clean and replace

Appendix B, EMM Peak Data Rates, describes how to find and

Appendix C, Customer Support Information, provides information for

Glossary lists commonly used industry-wide terms as well as terms

An expansion unit for audio-only or data-only services. You can

A single point of insertion for a conditional access system (CAS) when

An MPEG-2 program clock reference (PCR) restamper and packet

Note: Read the THESYS Controller or NMX Digital Service Manager

Digital Turnaround System

Output from local encoders

Another MN20 remultiplexer

Satellite demodulator/descrambler, such as the Motorola IRT1000

IP-to-MPEG-2 encapsulated data through an Ethernet port

Output from a video server

Network Management Systems

NMX Digital Service Manager

DiviTrackXE Statistical Multiplexing 7

DiviTrackXE Statistical Multiplexing

Preventing Remultiplexer Oversubscription

8 DiviTrackXE Statistical Multiplexing

DiviTrackXE Minimum Software Version Requirements

MV40 and MV45 encoder

MV50 and MV100 encoders

THESYS Controller software

This chapter lists MN20 remultiplexer specifications. See Chapter 4,

Output ports on the

One MPEG-2 serial (M2S) port and one backup

One MPEG-2 parallel (M2P) port and one backup

M2P clock frequency

The M2P outputs accept clock frequencies 0 to 12.5 MHz.

Maximum output rate

Maximum output rate on all ports is 100 Mbps.

PID rate allocation

Rate allocation to individual MPEG-2 PIDs from 0 to 100 Mbps in

Null packet insertion

Automatic insertion of MPEG-2 null packets to accommodate

PCR jitter of less than 0.2 microseconds.

Time stamp accuracy

Ethernet port for

10Base-T RJ-45 connector

M2P first in/first out (FIFO) overflow/underflow

Missing start-of-packet (sync byte error)

Time-out of embedded controller watchdog timer

Module self-test fail

M2S serial cable disconnection