CSIR NET JRF: Key points to know for Paper-I

• Which metal is always found in free state in nature-Gold.

• Bauxite is an ore of-Aluminum.
• Material used for bleaching pulp is-Sodium Hypo -chlori
• Which gas is leaked in Bhopal gas tragedy-Methyl Isocyanides.
• The chemical name of table salt is-Sodium Chloride.
• Chemical name of Vitamin C is –Ascorbic Acid.
• Bone is used as fertilizer because it contains the plant nutrient-Phosphorus.
• Baking soda is-Sodium Bicarbonat.
• Plaster of Paris is made from-Gypsum.
• Which element is common in all acids-Hydrogen.
• Which element is common in all organic compounds is -Chlorine.
• What is the function of Green leaves in plants –Photosynthesis.
• Which is largest Gland in human body Liver
• Which is largest Organ in human body –Skin
• Which is longest Bone in human body –Femur
• Which Gland is called the master Gland –Pituitary
• How many Bones in adult human body –206
• How many Bones in child’s body –300
• What is the temperature of normal human body –36.9C.
• Which is the helps in clotting in blood –Vitamin K.
• Total volume of blood in normal adult human body 5-6iiters.
• Red blood corpuscles(RBC)are formed in the bone marrow
• The largest part of the human brain is the –cerebrum
• What is main component of the bone and teeth –Calcium Phosphate
• The main constituent of hemoglobin is –Transport Oxygen
• The main function of Hemoglobin is - Transport Oxygen.
• Malaraia is a disease which effect the –Spleen
• Leukemia is a disease of the –Blood.
• Rickets is a disease of the –Bones.
• ECG is used for the diagnosis of ailments of –Heart.
• Food is normally digested in the –Small intestines.
• The main function of the kidney is –To remove waste product from body
• The human cells contains –46 Chromosomes
• Acquired immune-deficiency syndrome(AIDS)is caused by –Virus
• The light with the longest wave length in the visible spectrum is – Red.
• In the electric bulb, the gas used is – Inert.
• Centigrade and Fahrenheit scales resemble at ( –40C).
• Study of insects is called – Entomology.
• The inner layer of the skin is called – Dermis
• Nucleus of an atom has – Neutrons and Protons
• Marsh gas is – Methane
• In fireworks the green flame is produced because of – Barium
• Nuclear fission is caused by the impact –Neutron
• Atom Bomb is based on principal of – Nuclear Fission.
• Glass is made from the mixture of – Sand and Salt.
• Permanent hardness of water may be removed by the addition of – Sodium
Carbonate.
• P.V.C is obtained by the polymerization of – Vinylchtoride
• The pursuit form of iron is – Cast Iron
• The element found on the surface of the moon is –Titanium
• One joule is equivalent to-10 ergs
• The most efficient engine is –Electric
• Wisdom teeth normally grow during the age of- 17- 30 years
• The yellow colures of urine is due to the presence of –Urochrome.
• Life of RVC in human blood is of –120 days.
• How many teeth are known as milk teeth in human beings – 20.
• Colure of the skin due to presence of -Melanin
• Bile juice secreted by -?
• The smallest cell in the human body are –Blood cells.
• Food is mainly digested in –small intestine.
• The number of ribs in human body is –24
• The smallest bone in the human body is – Stirrup
• Total number of bones in human skill are- 30
• The hitting element in an electric iron is made of –Tungsten.
• A nuclear reactor uses as fuel –Uranium.
• The Velocity of light was first measured by –Roemer.
• The purity of milk is checked by –Lactro meter.
• The hottest part of the flame lies in its –Non luminous Zone.
• The first life came on this earth –In Water
• An object weights maximum in –Vacuum
• Which is the semiconductor –Silicon
• Ic Chips for Computers are usually made of –Silicon
• A device used for converting AC into DC is
• called-Rectifier.
• The volume Urine produced in an adult human every 24 hours is-1.5Liters.
• The average Gestation period of Sheep is –150 days.
• The Smallest possible unit of a comical compounds is –Molecule
• The Vitamin which contains Cobalt is –B12
• The first metal to used by man was Copper
• All acid essentially contain the element –Hydrogen
• The main active continent of tea and coffee is –Caffeine.
• Pencil lead is made up of –Graphite.
• The human body contains the maximum amount of –water.

CSIR NET JRF: Key Points to know for Paper-I

• Which gases ifs filled in balloons –Helium.

• Rickets occurs due to the deficiency of –Vitamin A
• Rocket launched station in Life-expectancy –Sriharikota
• A lemon is sour is because of –Citric acid
• Animals having hair and giving birth to young ones are called –Mammals
• Resistance in Series –R=R1+R2+R3+R………..
• Resistance in Parallel –1/R=1/R1+1/R2+1/R3
• Sound travels the fastest in –Steel
• Tuberculosis (T.B) is caused by –Bacteria
• Temperature –C/100=F-32/180=K-273.15/100
• Cow’s milk is slightly yellowish in hue due to –Riboflavin
• The blue color of the sky is due to –Scattering of light
• Clinical thermometer range –95F to 110F
• Gold is a noble metal because it –is chemically less reactive
• Which of the following is a bad conductor of electricity -Rubber
• RDX is an explosive
• In oxygen things burn –Brightly
• What is water is composed of –Oxygen and Hydrogen
• Domestic electric fitting are connected in Parallel
• Cooking utensils are made up of metals because metals –are good conductors of
heat
• The voltage of the domestic electricity is –220 volt
• The voltage of electicity used in factories is –440 volt
• Which is the major source of the energy in human diet –Starch
• A satellite is kept in circular orbit due to the gravitational –force of the earth
• Hair, on our body, are meant to –Be a organs of defence
• Velocity of a body is –Rate of changes of its position
• Dialysis is done when –Kidneys fail
• The speed of the Rocket Launcher is –Greater than ---11.6 KM per second
• The color of carrot is red is due to –the presence of pigments
• An instrument to measure the density of liquid –Hydrometer
• The blood pressure of a normal human being is –120 /80 mm /Hg
• During sleep, man’s blood pressure –Fluctuates
• Copper is mainly used in –Electric wires
• It is known as the silent killer –Blood pressure
• Human body’s weight on the earth is maximum at –Poles
• Which gas helps in extinguishing fire –Carbon dioxide
• Marble is the changed form of –Limestone
• Insulin is given for the treatment of –Diabetes
• If a magnet is divided into two pieces –Both the pieces become independent
magnets
• Dehydration is loss of –Water
• Which part of body typhoid affects –Intestines
• One pound is equivalent to –453 gms
• Diamonds are made up of –Carbon
• Hydrophobia may effect a person suffering from –Dog bite
• Carbon-dioxide as compared to air is –Heavier
• Distance traveled by light in one year is called –Light year
• One is germicide –Potassium permanganate
• Jaundice is a disease of –Liver
• Food poisoning is Caused by –Micro- organism
• Formation of rust on iron is what kind of phenomenon –Chemical
• The good conductor of electricity –Copper
• Mercury is used in thermometers because it –Expands uniformly
• Considered a balanced diet –Milk
• Scientific study of micro-organs –Microbiology
• Pollutes the environment –Carbon monoxide
• Which bone related to head –Skull
• When a piece of ice floats on water, its level –Remains the same
• Nights are cool when –The nights are clear and the days are cloudy
• Who discovered the steam engine –James Watt
• Who invented Telephone –Graham Bell
• Who discovered X-rays –Roentgen
• Who discovered Radium –Marie Curie
• Who discovered Penicillin –Alexander Fleming
• Who discovered the cure for rabies –Louis Pasteur
• The inventor of Television is –J. L. Baird
• Phosphorus is a –Non –metal
• A plant with green leaves placed in red light with apprear –Black
• Light from the sun reaches us in nearly –8 Minute
• The Common refrigerant used in domestic refrigerator is –Freon /ammonia
• A Fuse wire is characterized by –high resistance and low melting point
• Which metal is commonly used as an electromagnet –Iron
• When ice melts in the beaker of water, the level of water in the beaker will –remain
the same
• The dynamo converts- electrical energy into mechanical energy
• The oil in the wick of an oil lamp rises up due to –capillary action
• The flying of birds is a proof of Newton’s –first law
• When milk is churned cream gets separated due to -centrifugal
• A red light used in traffic signal because –It has longest wavelength and can be
easily noticed from a long distance
• The most convenient color combination that can be used for vehicle running day
and night is –red and green
• Metals are good Conductor of electricity because –they contains free electron
• The phenomenon of total internal reflection may occur when light is passing from –
glass to air
• The velocity of sound is maximum in –a solid
• The mirage is seen in the hot desert because –the density of layer of air increase
with altitude
• The best conductor of heat among liquid is –mercury
• Sound of frequency below 20Hz are called –Infrasonics
CSIR NET JRF: Key Points to know for Paper-I: Free Study Material

• A man standing at the finish line is recording the time of a race competition by
means of a stop watch. He must start the watch when –He sees flash of light coming
from starting gun
• If a shell from a canon bursts in the air, the total kinetic energy –increase
• The pitch of sound is measured by its –frequency
• Alternating current is converted to direct current by a –rectifier
• When iron and wood are exposed to sunlight, the iron rod become hot quickly
because of –the greater thermal conductivity of iron
• In diesel engines, ignition takes place by –Compression
• Cloudy nights are warmer because –Clouds prevent radiation of heat from the
ground into the air
• A electric bulb produce a loud sound when broken because –the air rushes into
partial vaccum in the bulb
• What is the approximate velocity of sound in air –800m/s.
• In deserts, clouds do not precipitate because of –low humidity.
• The ink of a pen leaks out in an aeroplane because –pressure of ink inside
is more than the ambient pressure
• Coating of iron with zinc is known as –Galvanization
• A piece of rock was brought from moon to earth, then –Its weight alone changed
• Which of the following is not a primary colour –Black
• Which falls down faster in a vacuum –All with fall down at same speed in a vacuum
because there will be no air resistance.
• Atmospheric pressure is measured by using an instrument call a/an –barometer
• The process of transfer of heat by matter but without actual movement of particle
then selves is called –Conduction
• In an electric kettle water becomes hot by –Convection
• Tea will cool most easily in a –Metal cup
• The source of solar energy is –Nuclear fusion
• A radar that detect the presence of an enemy aircraft uses –Radio waves
• Light year is a unit of –Distance
• What is normal temp, of a human body –370 c
• A Celsius and a Fahrenheit thermometer give the same reading at a particular
temp. - -400C
• In which atmospheric layer are the communication satellites located? –Ionosphere
• In an earthen pot, cooling of water depends upon the –All the above
• A fuse wire used to –Prevent an unduly high electric current from passing through
a circuit
• The nucleus of an atom consists of –Proton + electron
• What happen if water is cooled from 80C to 0C? –its volume decrease up to 40C
and then Increase
• Which of the following is a good conductor of heat but bad conductor of electricity –
Mica
• A sudden fall in a barometer reading indicates –Storm
• Sound travel with a different speed in different media. In what order does the
velocity of sound increase in these media? –Air, water and iron
• which part of the sun is visible during total solar eclipse? –Corona
• When a pencil is partly immersed in water in a beaker and held in a slanting
position, the immersed portion appears –Bent towards the water surface
• the three primary colour are –Blue, green, and red
• Which part of a camera is analogous to the retina in the human eye? –Film
• When a person walking in bright sunlight enter a dark room, he is not able to see
clearly for a little while because –the iris unable to dilate the pupil immediately
• In electric fittings, the wires are earthed because –In case of a short circuit,
current passes to the earth.
• To an astronaut, the outer space appears –Black
• Which of the following metal is used in aircraft? -Palladium
• A transformer is used to –Increase of decrease AC voltage
• The element used in an electric filament is –Tungsten
• The sky is blue in colour due to –dispersion of light
• When a ship floats on water –The mass of water displaced is equal to the mass of
the ship

Important Facts about Human Body

Length of alimentary canal Approximately 8 meters

BMR (Basal metabolic rate) 1600 K.cal/day
Number calls in body 75 trillion
Longest bone Femur (thigh bone)
Smallest bone Ear ossicle, stapes
Weight of brain 1400 gms
Blood volume 6.8 litres (in 70 kg body)
Normal B.P 120/80 mm Hg
(a) In male: 4.5-5.0 million/cubic mm
Number of R.B.C
(b) In female: 4.0-4.5 million/cubic mm
Life span of R.B.C 120 days
Normal W.B.C count 5000-10000/cubic mm
Life span of W.B.C 3-4 days
(a) Basophils-0.5-1%
(b) Eosinophils-1-3%
D.L.C (Differential leucocyte count) (c) Monocytes-3-8%
(d) Neutrophils-40-70%
(e) Lymphocytes-2-25%
Blood platelets count 2,00,000-4,00,000/cubic mm
(a) In male: 14-15.6 gm/100 c.c of blood
Haemoglobin
(b) In female: 11-14 gm/100 c.c of blood
Hb content in body 500-700 gm
Universal blood donor O Rh-ve
Universal blood recipient AB
Blood clotting time 2-5 minutes
Average body weight 70 kg
Normal body temperature 98.4.F or 37.C
Breathing rate 16-20 minutes
adult:2123/2123=32
Dental formula
child: 2120/2120=22 milk teeth
Number of cranial nerves 12 pairs
Number of spinal nerves 31 pairs
Largest endocrine gland Thyroid
Gestation period 9 months (253-266 days)
Normal heart beat 72-75/ minutes
Largest gland Liver
Largest muscles in the body Gluteus maximus (Buttock muscle)
Largest smooth muscle Uterus of pregnant women
Smallest muscles in the body Stapedius
Largest artery Abdominal aorta
Largest vein Inferior venacava
Largest W.B.C Monocyte
Smallest W.B.C Lymphocyte
Greatest regeneration power In liver
Longest nerve Sciatic
Longest cell Neuron (nerve cell)
Menstrual cycle 28 days
Menopause age 45-50 years
Minimum regeneration power In brain cell
Minimum distance for proper vision 25 cm
Type of placenta Haemochorial (Chorioallantoic)
Pulse rate 72/minute
Volume of semen 2-4 ml/ejaculation
Normal sperm count 200-350 million/ejaculation
ESR (normal Erythrocyte sedimentation rate) 4.10 min/hour
Thinnest skin Conjunctiva
pH of gastric juice 1.4
pH of urine 6.0
pH of blood 7.35-7.45

Well Known Indian Scientists

Aryabhatta: He lived between 476 and 520 A.D. He was a great

mathematician and an astronomer. His contributions include about the
movement of earth around the Sun, determination of various physical
parameters of various celestial bodies, such as diameter of Earth and
Moon. He laid foundations of algebra and pointed out the importance
of zero. The first Indian satellite was named after him.

Bhagavantam: His contribution to radio astronomy and cosmic rays

in noteworthy. An associate of Sir C.V.Raman, Dr.S.Bhagavantam was
scientific adviser in the Ministry of Defence and Director General of
Defence Research Development Organization.

Bhaskaracharya: Born in 1114 A.D., bhaskaracharya was a great

Hindu mathematician and Astronomer. His work 'Sidhanta Siromani'
consists of two parts of mathematics and two parts of astronomy. He
had a foresight on the modern theory of conventions.

S.S. Bhatnagar: A great Indian Scientist who lived between 1895 and
1955. He was the first Director General of Council of Scientific and
Industrial Research. Under his directorship, many research
laboratories were established throughout India.

J.C.Bose: He was an eminent Physicist and Botanist. He founded Bose

Research Institute, Calcutta. He invented Cresco graph and lived
between 1858 and 1937.

S.N. Bose: He became well-known when he expounded the Bose

Einstein theory which deals with the detection of a group of nuclear
particles - named after him 'Boson'. His contribution to Planck's Law is
laudable. He died in 1974.

Dr. S.Chandrasekhar: An Indian-born American, who won Nobel Prize

for Physics in 1983. He is an Astrophysicist. His theory of Stellar
Evolution - the birth and death of stars is 35 years old. His first
discovery was laughed at. After three decades, it was recognised and
today he is a Nobel Laureate. According to his theory, the old stars
just collapse and disappear in the light of denser stars of low light
popularly called Chandrasekhar Limit.

Charaka: He lived between 80 and 180 A.D. He was a court physician

of King Kanishka. His writings on Hindu Medicine are invaluable

Dhanvantri: He was a great physician during the period of

Chandragupta Vikramaditya. His period was between 375 and 413 A.D.

Hargobind Khorana: He created an artificial gene and deciphered

genetic code. He was awarded Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1968.

Homi J.Bhaba: He largely contributed to the development of Atomic

Physics and he was primarily responsible for setting up of Nuclear
reactors in India. He published important papers on Quantum Theory,
Cosmic Rays, Structure of atom, etc. He was the first Chairman of
Atomic Energy Commission. He died in a plane crash in 1966 over
Alps.

Joshi: Prof. S.S.Joshi's works on physical and chemical reaction under

electrical discharge on active nitrogen, colloids, hydrogen peroxide are
noteworthy

Nagarjuna: A great Buddhist Philosopher and Chemist. He mentioned

about crecibles, sublimation, colouring process etc. His works are still
available in China and Tibet. His theory on extraction of copper and
metallic oxides are mention-worthy.

Nag Chowdhury B.D: An eminent Indian Nuclear Physicist known all

over the world.

Narlikar: J.V.Narlikar was the co-author of Hoyle-Narlikar theory of

continuous creation which supplies missing links in Einstein's theory of
Relativity. Hoyle and Narlikar have shown that the gravitation is
always attractive and there is no gravitational repulsions.

Raja Ramanna: A great nuclear scientist, who was instrumental to

stage India's first Nuclear explosion at Pokharan range in 1974.

Sir C.V. Raman: First Indian Scientist to receive Nobel prize for
physics in 1929 for his invention 'Raman Effect'. His study of crystal
structure is of unique importance. He founded Raman Research
Institute at Bangalore.

Sir C.P.Roy: Author of 'Hindu Chemistry'. He founded Indian Chemical

Society and Bengal Chemical and Pharmaceuticals Ltd. He has done
good work on nitrous acid and its salts. He lived between 1861- 1944
AD.

Prof. V.Ramachandra Rao: Direction of Indian Scientific Satellite

Project (ISSP) at Peenya near Bangalore

Saha Dr.Maghnad: Late Palit Prof.of Physics, University College of

Scientific and Technology, Calcutta University well-known for his
researches in nuclear physics, cosmic rays, spectrum analysis and
other branches of theoretical physics. He lived from 1893 to 1956.

Srinivas Ramanujam: A mathematical wizard, contributed much to

number theory, theory of partitions and theory of continuous fractions.
He lived between 1887 to 1920 AD. His birth centenary was celebrated
in 1987.

Satish Dhavan: He was chairman of Indian Space Research

Organisation. He was instrumental to take India into space age by
launching Aryabhatta in 1975.

Susruta: A fourth century Hindu Surgeon and Physician. He had

written an important book on medicine and on medical properties of
garlic.

Varahamihira: An Indian astronomer and astrologer of 6th Century

A.D. He was a mathematician and philosopher. He was one of the nine
gems of Vikramaditya.

Units of Measurement
Ampere Electric current
Angstrom Wave-length and also lengths of atomic dimensions
Bar Atmospheric pressure
Becquerel Radioactivity
Bel Intensity of Sound
Calorie Quantity of Heat
Candela Luminous intensity
Candle power Illuminating power of source of light
Celsius (Centigrade) Temperature
Coulomb Electric Charge
Decibel Intensity of sound (1/10th of Bel)
Dyne Force
Electron-volt Energy
Erg Work or Energy
Fahrenheit Temperature
 Farad Electric Capacitance
Faraday Electric Charge
Fathom Depth of water
Foot Candle Brightness
Gauss Magnetic Induction
Henry Inductance
Hertz Frequency
Horse-power Power
Joule Work or Energy
Kelvin Thermodynamic temperature
Kilogram Mass
Knot Speed of Ship and Aircraft
Lambert Brightness
Light Year Stellar Distance
Lumen Luminous flux
Maxwell Magnetic flux
Metre Length
Mole Amount of Substance
Nautical Mile Distance in Navigation
Newton Force (metric)
Newton metre Work
Oersted Magnetic Intensity
Ohm Electrical Resistance
Pascal Stress
Poise Viscosity
Quintal Weight (metric)
Radian Plane Angle
Second Time
Tesla Magnetic Flux Density
Volt Electric Potential
 Watt Power
Weber Magnetic Flux
SNo Name Medical Inventions
1 Ronald Rose Malaria Parasite
2 Salk, Jonas E. Anti-polio Vaccine
3 Simpson and Harrison Chloroform
4 Waksman Streptomycin
5 Banting Insulin ( as a palliative for diabetes)
6 Barnard, Christian Replacing the human heart
7 Brahmachari, U.N. Cure of Kala-a-zar fever
Isolation of metals by electricity; studied
8 Davy
properties of chlorine
9 Domagk Sulpha drugs as bactericides
10 Eijkman Cause of Beri-Beri
Discovered curative effect of ultra violet rays;
11 Finsen
photography
12 Fleming, Alexander Penicillin (in 1929)
13 Harvey Circulation of blood
14 Hahnemann Homoeopathy (founder)
Hopkins, Frederick
15 Vitamin D
Gowland
16 Jenner Smallpox Vaccination
17 Koch Tubercle Bacillus
18 Lainnec Stethoscope
19 Lister, Lord Antiseptic treatment
20 Pasteur, Louis Treatment of rabies; cure of hydrophobia

Name Composition Use

 Brass Cu(60% to 80%), Zn (40 to 20%) For making household utencils
Bronze Cu (75 to 90%), Sn (25 to 10%) For making coins, idols, utencils
German Silver Cu (60%), Zn (25%), Ni (15%) For making utencils
Magnelium Mg (5%), Al (95%) For making aircraft frame
Rolled Gold Cu(90%), Ni (10%) For making cheap ornaments
For making alkali resistant
Monel metal Cu (70%), Ni (30%)
containers
Bell metals Cu (80%), Sn (20%) For making bells
Gun metal Cu (85%), Zn (10%), Sn(5%) Used for engineering purpose
Solder Sn(50-75%), Pb (50-25%) Soldering of metals
Al (95%), Cu (4%), Mg (0.5%), Mn
Duralium In aircraft manufacturing
(0.5%)
Steel Fe (98%), C (2%) For making nails, screws, bridges
Stainless
Fe (82%) Cr, Ni (18%) for making cooking utencils, knives
Steel