2

The process
of converting
gas into solid
state directly
is called

sublimation

Change of state from solid to gas

and back to solid is called
sublimation. Fusion is from solid to
liquid and liquid to solid is
solidification. Liquid to gas to
evaporation whereas gas to liquid to
condensation.

Chromatograp
hy

Chromatography is a separation
technique used to separate the
different components in a liquid
mixture. It was introduced by a
Russian Scientist Michael Tswett.
Chromatography involves the
sample being dissolved in a
particular solvent called mobile
phase. The mobile phase may be a
gas or liquid. The mobile phase is
then passed through another phase
called stationary phase. The
stationary phase may be a solid
packed in a glass plate or a piece of
chromatography paper.

Formula of Nitric Acid is HNO3 and

molecular mass will be calculated as
sum of atomic mass of the
constituents as 1+14+3*16=63

The technique
used for
separating
drug from
blood is

What is the
molecular
mass of nitric
acid

63

Elements are
defined as the
number of

proton it
possess

What is a
tissue?

A groups of
cells which is
meant for a
specific task
is called
tissue

Tissue and Division of Labour: In

complex organisms, different tasks
are carried out by different organs
and organ systems. Tissues are the
first step towards division of labour
in complex organisms. A groups of
cells which is meant for a specific
task is called tissue.

The motion is
said to be
uniform when
the
acceleration
is

zero

The acceleration has be zero means

the speed not increasing and motion
takes place at a uniform speed with
any change in the speed. However,
in actual practice some acceleration
is required to compensate the
retarding force arising out due to
surface/air friction.

An artificial
satellite is
moving in a
circular orbit
of radius
42250 Km
and takes 24
hours to
complete one
revolution.
What will be
its linear
velocity?

3073 m/s

Linear velocity = 2*r/t =

2*22*42250*1000/7*24*60*60=307
3 m/sec

The SI unit of
large weight
of a body is

Newton

Weight is the gravitational force

acting on a body and is determined
as m*g with unit as that of force i.e.
Newton. SI unit of mass is Kg. The
weight of a body remains constant
throughout on earth as g is constant,
meaning thereby that W is
proportional to m and for this
reason, weight is used commonly for
mass.

1
0

The work
done in lifting
1 Kg of mass
for a distance
of 1 m is
equal to

9.81 Joules

The force acting on the body down

ward is 1 Kg*g=9.81 N and the work
done is F*S=9.81 N-m or Joule

1
1

The disease
not caused by

tuberculosis

The disease caused by virus is one

in which the virus dies by itself and

1
2

virus is

no medicine services the purpose.

Potassium
permanganat
e when
dissolved
gives what
color?

pink

The chemical formula is KMnO4 is

having highly oxidising property and
used wherever such property is to
be used such as fruit preservation,
water treatment, analytic purpose.

1
3

Matter exists
in how many
states?

Matter exits in five state namely

solid, liquid, gas, plasma and Bose
Einstein Condensate. In day to day
affair, we observe only three states
i.e. solid, liquid and gas

1
4

Percentage of
oxygen in air
is around

0.21

The composition of air is nitrogen =

78$, oxygen = 20.9%, argon = 0.8%

1
5

Avogadro
number is a
fixed number
equal to
6.022*1023
defines the
number of
moles of what
in 1 mole of
any
substance

all

The number of particles i.e. atom,

molecules or ions present in 1 mole
of any substance is fixed, with a
value of 6.022*1023. This is an
experimentally obtained value and
called Avogadro Constant. The mass
of 1 mole of a particular substance is
always constant. It is equal to sum
total of relative masses of atoms or
molecules in grams.

1
6

Each living
cell has got a
certain
specific
components
within it
called

organelle

Plant tissues

Permanent

Plant tissues are of two main types,

are of two
types of
which one is
Meristematic
and what is
the second
one?

1
8

In a motion,
the average
velocity found
to same as
that of the
average
speed. The
motion is said
to be

1
9

The tendency
of the object
to remain at
rest or keep
on moving
with the same
velocity is
defined by

2
0

2
1

The value of
gravitational
acceleration
at poles is

An object
moving with a
velocity of 5
m/sec
possess an
energy of 25

Tissue

viz. meristematic tissue and

permanent tissue. The distracters
mentioned are types of meristematic
type of tissue.

a straight line

The straight line motion is having

velocity and speed same. In circular
motion, the direction vector is
always changing. Here distractor of
all in fourth option Is used to create
confusion in the mind of candidate.

Inertia

Inertia is the mass of the object. For

any motion we always take mass of
the object and when under the
influence of gravity, the force
applied on the object is weight i.e.
mg.

higher

Our actual earth has a polar radius

of about 6.3568 x 106 m and slightly
longer equatorial radius of about
6.3781 x 106 m. Using those values,
it can be calculated that
gravitational accelerations of about
9.87 m/s2 for the poles and about
9.80 m/s2 for the equator of our
perfect spinning earth.

100 J

1/2*m*25=25; m = 2 Kg,
1/2*2*100=100 J

J. What will be
its energy if
the velocity is
doubled?

The disease
not cased by
bacteria is

Polio

Diffusion is a
process

intermixing of
particle of
different
matters on
their own

2
4

Why do inside
of car glass
gets mist
while driving
during rain?

it is the
condensation
of inside
humid air on
the glass
whose
temperature
is low

What is the
weight of carbon
atom when one
mole carbon
atoms weighs 12
grams and
Avogadro
constant is
6.022*1023?

2
2

2
3

There are three

features of every
cell of which two
are namely
nucleus and
cytoplasm, What

5.018*1022

plasma
membrane

The bacterial infection requires

medication to kill the bacteria
causing the disease for which antibacterial drugs are generally given

During rains the relative humidity is

very high. The respiration process of
passenger produces water and
increases the level of humidity
inside the car. When car moves, due
to wind flow over windscreen, the
water droplets evaporate make glass
colder on which the water vapours
condensates.

Avogadro Constant/Weight of
one mole of atoms of a
substance. Another weight to
rule out other distracters is that
weight of one carbon atom will
be less than weight of one
mole.

is third one?

Animal tissues are of four types,

viz. epithelial tissue, connective
tissue, muscular tissue and
nervous tissue.

Animal tissues
are of how many
types?

Rate of change of
velocity
determines

acceleration

For a uniformly
accelerated
objects, the
distance travelled
is proportional to
the square of

time

We know S=1/2*a*t*t. This law

was derived by Galileo while
observing falling bodies.

A mass and
diameter of a
planet is about
1200 and 6 times
less as compared
to earth, than the
gravitational
acceleration as
compared to
earth will be

1/33th times

g=GM/R2 we get gp=GMp/Rp2

and ge=GMe/Re2 and
gp/ge=MpRe2/MeRp2 =
36/1000 or gravitational
attraction at planet will be 1/33
times that on earth

Two stones of
mass 5 Kg and 10
Kg are dropped
from 100 m
height tower
touches the
ground with what
ratio of velocity

Velocity gained is dependent

only the height and not on mass

This is the not the

disease which

Typhoid

spreads through
air

1
0

Which of the
following is not a
matter?

cold

1
1

A saturated
solution which

which cannot
dissolve more
solute

It is solute dissolved in solvent

and the stage beyond which no
more solute can be dissolved is
called saturated solution.

1
2

Metalloid are
elements which
are

combination of
metal and
oxygen

The elements which show

intermediate properties
between those of metals and
non-metals are called
metalloids such as boron,
silicon, germanium etc.

1
3

What the mass of

four moles of
Aluminium when
its atomic mass is
27?

108

4*27=108 gram

1
4

Hypotonic
solution is the
one of which
water
concentration is

higher water
concentration
than cell

There are three type of

solutions namely hypotonic,
isotonic and hypertonic where
the water concentration in the
solution is higher, same and
lower as compared to that of
inside the cell. The water is
exchanged through the process
of osmosis. For gases, the
diffusion process is used for
exchange of gases.

1
5

Chromosomes are
made up of

DNA and
Protein

1
6

The area of the

curve with
velocity and time
taken on the axis
describes the

1
7

distance
travelled

Area is multiplication of v=d/t

and t; thus giving the distance
travelled.

A person
travelling on a
high speed boat
will move
outwardly when it
takes a sudden
turn is due to

inertia

The body will fall outwardly

because of its tendency to
move straight instead moving
on the path of the boat which
changed suddenly.

1
8

Pressure exerted
by any solid,
liquid or gas is

directly
proportional to
force and
inversely
proportional to
the area of
crossection

Pressure is given as F/A; for

nails area is less so that it can
pierce into the body

1
9

Two stones of
mass 5 Kg and 10
Kg are dropped
from 100 m
height tower
touches the
ground with what
ratio of kinetic
energy

The velocity gained is same by

the stone having two times
mass will gain double the
kinetic energy

Microbes causing
AIDS is not spread
by

mosquito bite
causing
transmitting
virus through
blood

2
0

2
1

LPG stands for

Liquefied
petroleum gas

It is a petroleum gas
compressed to liquid state.
When knob of the cylinder is

opened, it evaporates and

starts flowing through tube and
used for burning

2
2

A suspension
solution is called

heterogeneous
mixture

2
3

A combination of
elements showing
the properties of
each of the
constituent is
called

mixture

2
4

The distribution of
electrons as given
in Bohrs model in
different orbits is
given by the
formula

The proteins and

lipids essential for
building the cell
membrane, are
manufactured by

Velocity-time relation
of any motion is
given by the
equation; when
distance, initial and
final velocity, time

2n2

The proteins
and lipids
essential for
building the
cell
membrane,
are
manufactured
by

v=u+at

Suspension is a heterogeneous
solution in which the solute
does not dissolve but remain
suspended in the solvent and is
visible with naked eye.

Electrons revolves in orbits with

first orbit named as K and than
L, M, N etc with numbering n as
1,2,3,4 etc. and number of
electrons is 2,8,18,32 etc. with
maximum minimum 8 number
of electronics in the outermost
orbit except number 1.

are s, u, v and t.

mass

If inertia is not related to

mass, than inertia is same
for a train engine and a
bullock cart which is not
correct

28 gm

The density of 1000 Kg/m3 is

actually 1 gm/cm3 and
hence the weight of
displaced water is 8 gm and
the resultant weight will be
28 gm.

5 m/sec

Initial KE=1/2*m*(3)2 and KE

gained is 1/2*m*(4)2 and the
total energy will be
1/2*m*(5)2; equal to speed
of 5 m/sec

How is the speed of

sound in solids as
compared to gases?

it is more in
solid

The speed of sound is more

in solids varying 4700 m/s to
6420 m/s in brass to
aluminium whereas it is of
the order of 1284 m/sec in
hydrogen, 346 in air and 213
in Sulphur dioxide.

Why it is difficult to
make anti-viral
medicine?

viruses have
few
biochemical
mechanism
and uses
human cell for
their process

The measurement of
inertia is by
measurement of

An object weighs 36
g in air and has a
volume of 8.0 cm3.
What will be its
apparent weight
when immersed in
water? Density of
water 1000 Kg/m3.

A cart rolls down a

hill and gains a KE
equal to velocity of 4
m/sec. If the cart is
pushed with an initial
speed of 3 m/sec,
the speed at the end
of the hill will be

CNG stands

compressed
natural gas

It is a natural gas
compressed to liquid state.
When knob of the cylinder is
opened, it evaporates and
starts flowing through tube
and used for burning

A colloidal solution is similar

to suspension but the
particle size is very small not
visible from naked eye such
as milk. It is a
heterogeneous solution
where the milk particles can
be separated out.

1
0

A colloidal solution is
a

heterogeneous
solution

1
1

A combination where
the constituents
elements can be
separated easily is
called

mixture

1
2

1
3

Valancy of an
element as per BohrBury model is
defined as the

Endocytosis is the
process by which the
cell membrane

the definite
combining
capacity of an
element either
by gaining or
losing electron

Option 2 and three does not

give the correct
interpretation as option 2
does not answer the
accepting tendency of an
atom and similarly option 3
does not answer giving up
tendency of electron.

gets it food
from external
environment

The flexibility of the cell

membrane also enables the
cell to engulf in food and
other material from its
external environment . Such
processes are known as
endocytosis and amoeba
acquires its food through
such processes.

1
4

Which of the
following tissues has
dead cells?

Sclerenchyma

1
5

Distance-time
relation of any
motion is given by
the equation; initial
and final velocity,
time are s, u, v and t.

s=ut+1/2at2

1
6

The force applied on

a body to result
change in its motion
is defined as the

All

F=m(v-u)/t or m*a and all

the option is same

1
7

The water from a

container filled with
water leaks through
a hole in parabolic
trajectory which
depends on the
water coloum above
the leak hole. This
container now had a
free fall. What
happens to the
trajectory of water?

it stops
coming out
from the
container

The parabolic trajectory is

due to weight of water
column above the hole.
During free fall the water is
weightless and therefore,
water will not be flowing out.

1
8

Rate of doing work is

called

Power

Power takes into account

how fast a work can be
done. Unit of power is Work
Done/time or Joules/sec

1
9

The time interval for

clear hearing of echo
shall be at least

0.1 sec

The sound we hear a little

later is called a echo and the
sensation of out speech
remains in our brain for
about 0.1 sec. It is therefore,
necessary that the echo
shall be heard after an

interval of more than 0.1 sec

for echo to be heart. The
reflection surface shall be
located at a distance of
more than 17.2 m.

2
0

A century ago, a
person who survived
small pox illness
makes a voluntary
group to serve the
person suffering with
small pox why?

he has already
developed
resistance
against the
small pox virus

Virus makes a protection cell

of the human body,
damages it but in the mean
time vaccination for the
virus also get developed
making the person immune
towards this virus. Such
person when survives, also
develops immunity towards
such viruses.

LPG is odourless gas is

odourless but a stench agent
is added to assist in leak
detection. The odorant used
is Ethyl Mercaptan. Ethyl
Mercaptan, which possesses
a distinctive and unpleasant
odour, is the odorant used .
Ethyl mercaptan is also
selected because it is noncorrosive, has a low sulphur
content and possesses a
boiling point very near that
of LPG.

2
1

How the LPG smells?

it is odourless

2
2

what is tyndall
effect?

it is scattering
of light
through
colloidal or
suspended
particle in gas
or liquid.

The Tyndall effect, also

known as Tyndall scattering,
is light scattering by
particles in a colloid or
particles in a fine
suspension. It is named after
the 19th-century physicist
John Tyndall.Vortex rings are
plentiful in turbulent flows of
liquids and gases, but are
rarely noticed unless the
motion of the fluid is

revealed by suspended
particlesas in the smoke
rings which are often
produced intentionally or
accidentally by smokers.

What is the effect of

solubility of salt in
water with increasing
temperature?

it remains
almost
constant

Solubility of salt remains

almost constant at the level
of 36-37 gms in 100 gm of
water.

2
4

Mass number of an
element is defined as

the sum total

of proton and
neutral
present in the
nucleus

Mass number is the sum

total of proton and neutral
and atomic number is the
number of protons.

Girth of stem
increases due to

lateral
meristem

Distance-velocity
relation of any
motion is given by
the equation; initial
and final velocity,
time are s, u, v and
t.

v2-u2=2*a*d

A constant force of
10 N is applied to
an object weighing
5 kg and moving
with a initial
velocity of 5 m/sec
for 10 secs. What
will be its final
velocity?

25 m/sec

2
3

A 2 m cube is filled
with water up to a
height of 1 m
exerting a force at
the base of the
container. A 50 Kg

50

We know F=m(v-u)/t
or[ F*t/m]+u=v or
[10*10/5]+5 = 25 m/sec

There is buoyant force of 10

Kg and 40 Kg of weight which
will act downward. But the
reaction of the buoyant force
will also be on the base
therefore net additional of

uniform crossection
object is immersed
in the tank of which
1/5 the portion
floats. What will be
force now at add to
the base of the
container?

force will be 50 Kg.

A 10 kW motor
works at full rating
for 10 Hours
working at an
efficiency of 90%
will consume
energy of

100 kWh

10 kW motor working at full

rating will draw energy of
10(kW)*10(hours)=100 kWh

Reverberation of
sound is
undesirable in a
auditorium and is
controlled by

using
sound absorbe
nt material

Rabies virus is
spread through

dog bite

Melting point of ice

is

273.16 K

1
0

This is not a solidgas colloidal

butter

1
1

1
2

A standard to
measure the atomic
masses is given as

Isotopes of an
element is defined
as elements having

mass of 1/12th
part of the
mass of one
atom of
carbon-12
isotopes

same atomic
number but
different mass
number

In 1961, for a universally

accepted atomic mass unit,
carbon-12 isotope was chosen
as the standard reference for
measuring atomic masses.
The relative atomic masses of
all elements have been found
with respect to an atm of
carbon-12 atom.
Isotopes of Hydrogen are
protium, deuterium and
tritium having same atomic
number of one but mass
number of 1,2 and 3.

Similarly, carbon and chlorine

has one more isotopes each
14C6 and 37Cl17. The atomic
structure is written as Mass
Number/Formula/Atomic
number

1
3

Inheritance of
parental features
are stored in the
form of DNA which
stands for

Deoxyribo
Nucleic Acid

1
4

Cartilage is not
found in

ear

1
5

A train weighing
500T is travelling at
speed of 90
Km/hour. Brakes are
applied to stop the
train within a
distance of 1 Km.
What should be the
uniform deacceleration for
which brakes be
applied?

0.312 m/sec2

Convert speed into SI units

i.e. 90*1000/60*60=25 m/sec,
now use the formula v2u2=2*a*s i.e.
25*25=2*a*1000 or a=0.312
m/sec2.The mistakes usually
done is not following the units
or formula etc. Weight of the
train is given as a distractor
with no relevance in the
answer

1
6

A truck weighting 7
T starting from rest
rolls down a hill
with a constant
acceleration and
travels a distance
of 400 m in 20 sec.
The force acting on
the truck will be

14000 N

S=1/2*a*t*t; we get
(400*2/20*20) = a i.e. 2
m/sec/sec. The force acting
will be m*a or 7000*2=14000
N

1
7

Lactometer is the
device used for the
measurement of

purity of milk

1
8

What property of
wave changes
when it changes its
media from air to

Speed and
Time period

v=f*, frequency does not

change and when v changes,
will also change

water?

1
9

2
0

The sound of the

heartbeat of patient
using stethoscopes
reaches to the ear
of the Doctor
through

Greenhouse effect
is caused by the
atmospheric excess
concentration of

multiple
reflection of
sound in the
tube

Ozone

Carbon dioxide absorbs heat

resulting into rise of
temperature. If it so happens,
the snow at mountain will
start melting raising the level
of water in the sea. The
environmentalist are planning
to hold the level of carbon
dioxide in the environment to
the level existing at the
beginning of 20th century.

2
1

What is dry ice?

solid form of
carbon dioxide

Dry ice is the solid form of

carbon dioxide and primarily
used as cooling agent. Its
advantage include lower
temperature than that of
water ice and not leaving any
residue. It is useful for
preserving frozen foods, ice
cream etc. when mechanical
cooling is not possible.

2
2

Cream is separated
from milk by the
process of

churning

Boiling leaves khoya, filtration

no effect, churning makes the
heavy particle to separate out

2
3

Chemical formula of
Sodium Oxide is

Na2O

The vacancy of Na is one and

that of Oxygen is 2 ; and
therefore the formula of Na2O

isobars are defined

as the atoms of

different
elements with
different
atomic
numbers which
same mass
numbers

The atomic number of calcium

and argon is 20 and 18 but
both has the same mass
number of 40

2
4

Nutrient-poor
soils can be
planted with
which plant to
enrich them
with nitrogen?

Find the
distance
travelled by a
train starting
from rest in 50
sec of which
acceleration for
first 30 sec is
1.12
Km/hour/sec
and next 20 sec
by 0.9
km/hour/sec.

The fixed end of

the spring
balance is fixed
on the wall and
another end
connected to
another spring
balance which is

legume

Processing, or fixation, is necessary to

convert gaseous nitrogen into forms
usable by living organisms. Some
fixation occurs in lightning strikes, but
most fixation is done by free-living or
symbiotic bacteria. These bacteria
have the nitrogenase enzyme that
combines gaseous nitrogen with
hydrogen to produce ammonia, which
is then further converted by the
bacteria to make its own organic
compounds. Some nitrogen fixing
bacteria, such as Rhizobium, live in
the root nodules of legumes (such as
peas or beans). Here they form a
mutualistic relationship with the plant,
producing ammonia in exchange for
carbohydrates. Nutrient-poor soils can
be planted with legumes to enrich
them with nitrogen. A few other plants
can form such symbioses. Nowadays,
a very considerable portion of
nitrogen is fixated in ammonia
chemical plants.

190 m

Convert acceleration SI units i.e. 1.12

Km/hour/sec = 1.12*1000/3600
m/sec/sec or 0.311 and
0.9*1000/3600=0.25 m/sec/sec.
S=1/2[0.311*30*30+0.25*20*20]or
1/2[279.9+100] = 190 m

25, 25

The force exerted on each of the

spring is equal and opposite to each
other called action and reaction force
in compliance to Newtons third law of
motion.

pulled with a
force of 50 N.
The deflection
on each spring
will be

Two bricks
namely A and B
are placed in
water at a depth
of 2 m and 5 m
respectively.
Which brick will
require more
downward force
to hold the brick
in position?

Both
same

The buoyant force will be same for

both the bricks which is the difference
between the top and bottom pressure,
and therefore, the buoyant force
acting on the body to be applied to
keep the brick in position is same.

What happens
to speed of
sound when it
changes its
media from air
to water?

increases

The speed of sound increases because

it travels due to transfer of energy
from molecule to another. In water,
the molecules are closely held.

The audible
range of sound
for human
beings is
between

20 Hz2000 Hz

The hearing range of normal human

being is 20 Hz to 2000 Hz. Children of
age 5 years can hear sound up to 25
KHz.

Ozone depletion
in the outer
atmosphere will
result in

passage
of ultra
violet
rays of
the sun to
earth

Dry ice is

solid
carbon
dioxide

1
0

The method
used for the
separation of
common salt

sublimati
on

Carbon dioxide stored at very high

pressure in solid state which gets
converted directly to gaseous state on
decrease of pressure to 1 atm.
Ammonium chloride evaporate on
heating, and thus mixture is heated
with ammonium chloride is collected
as gas. Solubility will not work as both

from Ammonium
Chloride is

dissolves in water.

1
1

What is the
chemical
formula of
Aluminium
Chloride

AlCl3

The valance of Al is three and that of

Chloride is one ; and therefore the
formula of AlCl3

1
2

How the mass

number which is
an integer
represents the
mass number of
chlorine which is
taken as 35.5?

due to
existence
of
isotopes
in the
ratio of
1:3

Chlorine exists freely with isotopes of

35 and 37 mass number in the ratio of
1:3; and thus average mass number is
35.5 when a sample is taken.

1
3

The cells
organism which
lack a nuclear
membrane are
called

prokaryot
es

In some organisms such as bacteria,

the nuclear region is poorly defined
due to absence of nuclear membrane
and are called prokaryotes. The cells
having a nuclear membrane are called
eukaryotes.

1
4

Which of the
following is not
a green house
gas?

Ammonia

1
5

A stone is
thrown vertically
upward with a
velocity of 5
m/sec. How
much distance it
will travel if the
value of g is 10
m/sec/sec?

1.25

h=v*v/(2g)=25/2*10=1.25 m

mv

Multiplication of mass with the

velocity is called the momentum of
the object. The application of force will
result in change of its velocity and
change of momentum

1
6

An object
weighing m kg
moving with a
velocity of v on
application of
force N Newton,
the momentum
of the object will

be

1
7

A person is
walking on a
frozen lake and
suddenly hears
cracking sound
of the ice. What
is the same best
same option for
the person?

to lie flat
on the ice
and crawl
towards
the bank

The most important requirement is to

reduce the pressure on the frozen ice
to prevent further cracking of the ice.
By lying down, the pressure or force at
a point reduces thus preventing a
chance to reduce chance of further
propagation of cracking. The effective
pressure on the ice is minimized
through option 4.

1
8

What happens
to the speed of
sound with
increasing
temperature?

increases

With increasing temperature, the

molecules of air get agitated and
having less inertia resulting transfer of
sound signal from one molecule to
another easy.

1
9

Ultrasound are
not used for the
following
application

remote
control

The other application of ultrasound

waves is in medical application such
as echo-cardiograph and getting
images of internal organs of human
beings and measurement of distance,
direction and speed of under water
objects.

2
0

What is
responsible for
the depletion of
ozone layer

CFC
compoun
ds

CFC escapes to the higher

environment and reacts with ozone

2
1

What happens
to the size of
the air bubble
rising from
bottom of the
pool towards top
of the pool?

size
increases

The external pressure reduces as the

bubble goes up, therefore internal
pressure results in increasing the size
of the bubble

2
2

How the
intensity of
sound varies
when the
distance
between the
source and ear
is doubled?

becomes
one
fourth

The intensity of sound varies with

distance as I=P/4r2

2
3

The vibrations
of sound wave
are amplified by
three bones of
which two are
called hammer
and anvil. Name
the third one

stirrup

2
4

Three
containers are
filled with water
up to same
height with
same base area
but reducing
volumetric
capacity. Which
container will
exert maximum
force at the
base?

All Same

Combination
reactions are those
in which

Chemical name of
the product used for
white washing of
walls is

The force at the bottom depends on

the height of water column and not
the volume of the water I.e. *g*h

two or more
substances
reacts to form
one produce

Combination reaction is one

in which all the substances
combines to form one
product.

Ca(OH)

Ca(OH) is an aqueous
solution which combines
with CO present in the
environment dries to form
CaCO

Higher pH is an
indication of higher

OH ion
concentration

pH scale is from 0 to 14 and

middle value is neutral.
Lower on the scale is
increasing concentration of
Hydrogen ion and increasing
is OH ion concentration

The process in which

Hydrogen is passed

redox

In this process oxidation and

reduction both are taking

over CuO and CU +

HO are formed is
called

place where hydrogen is

oxidised and CuO is
reduced.

Calcination is a
process used in
extraction of metal
from its ore in which

ore is heated
strongly in the
presence of
excess air

The process of calcination is

used for extracting metals
which are middle in the
activity series. It required
strong heating with excess
air for roasting and limited
air for calcination.

Saturated
hydrocarbons are
also called as

alkanes

The formula is of
functional group

aldehyde

Maximum number of
electrons that can be
accomodated in a
shell depends on the
formula

2n

Which of the
following is not a
part of the female
reporductive system
in human beings

vas deferens

1
0

The normal blood

pressure is

120/80

1
1

What is coranary
artries?

it supplies
blood to heart
muscles

The shells are K

=[ 2*(1)]=2; L =
[ 2*(2)]=8; M=[ 2*(3)]=18;
N=[ 2*(4)]=32 etc.

1
2

The xylem in plants

are responsible for

transport of
water

1
3

Spherical mirrors
having reflecting
surface curved
outwards is called

convex mirror

1
4

You need concave

lens to correct the
eye vision

for myopia

1
5

Why is the danger

signal colour is red?

the red colour

of the white
light scatters
the minimum

1
6

Electrical energy is
the most preferred
mode of energy
because it is

all

1
7

Resistivity of wire
depends directly on
the

always
constant

1
8

The iron filings near

a magnet will align

parallel to the
magnetic field

1
9

The phenomenon of
electromagnetic
induction discovered
by Faraday relates to

relative motion
between a coil
and magnetic
field produces

The wavelength of blue

colour is minimum whereas
that of red colour is
maximum. For this reason, it
is the blue light which
scatters most and red color
the least by fog and smoke,
and can be seen of same
colour from distance.

Resistivity is the property of

the material and remains
constant and is calculated
by =R*A/l

Electromagnetic induction is
a result of relative motion.
AC produces varying
magnetic field which

that

2
0

Which one is not a

necessary
requirement while
planning a thermal
power plant?

2
1

During fission
process while
harnessing energy
for peaceful purpose,
the mass of the
radio-active heavy
elements undergoes
changes that

Exothermic
chemical reactions
are those in which

Pb(NO) when
heated forms the
following products

current in the
coil a

induces emf in the nearby

coil.

it should be
near electrical
load

It is not necessary to locate

the power plant near load as
it is reasonably OK to
transport electricity as
compared to transportation
of coal and water which are
required continuously and
effect economy of power
generation.

it reduces

The reduction of mass is

converted into electrical
energy by the equation
E=m*c; and as the speed
of light is very high, loss of
one unit of atomic mass
produces 931 MeV of energy
where 1eV=1.60210^(-19)

heat is
released

Always remember exothermic

means exhale or out and
endothermic means inhale or
intake

PbO, NO,
O

Pb(NO) is called lead nitrate and

when on heating releases the
products given at option 2. The
best way to find the answer is by
balancing the equation.

pH range of human
body is

6.5-7.0

pH scale is 0 to 14 with neutral at

7. Zero is highly acidic and 14
highly basic. pH of human body is
slightly acidic becuase of the
need of acids to consume food.

Bag of chips is

prevent

Usually substances which prevent

flushed with
nitrogen gas to

oxidation
of antioxidants
used in
the oil

oxidization are added to foods

containing fats and oil. Keeping
food in air tight containers helps
to slow down oxidation. This is the
reason of flushing out oxygen and
filling nitrogen to prevent
oxidation.

low in the
activity
series

Metals with very high reactivity

are extracted by electrolysis of
the molten ore. They cannot be
extracted by heating, oxidation or
reduction.

Remember all single bonds

alkanes, one or two double bonds
alkenes and one triple bond
alkynes. Alkines does not exists
and a distractor.

Electrolytic process
is used for
extracting of metals
lying

Unsaturated
hydrocarbons with
one or more double
bonds is called

alkenes

The formula is of
functional group

ketone

The elements have

the outermost orbit
complete filled up
are called

inert
gases

The anther contains

pollen
grains

1
0

The function of
oesophagus is to

transport
food from
mount the
stomach

1
1

The blood from the

lungs is dealt in the
heart in

right
artrium

With no vacancy to fill up the

outermost orbit, the gases are
unable to exchange any electrons
and thus non-reactive.

The blood flows from right artrium

to right ventricle and to lungs.
Oxygen rich blood than comes to

left artrium and move to the body

through left ventricle.

1
2

The autotrophic
mode of nutrition
requires

sunlight

1
3

In a concave mirror,
the size of the real
and inverted image
is same, than the
object if lying

at the
center of
curvature
point

1
4

What type of vision

correcting lens is
generally required
by every one in old
age

convex

During old age, the near point

gradually recedes away and find it
difficult to see nearby objects and
this defect is called presbyopia
and corrected using convex lens
to bring back the image on the
retina which earlier was forming
far away from retina.

1
5

The human eye

forms the image of
an object at its

retina

Check different parts of the eye.

1
6

A current of 0.5 A
has passed through
an incandescent
lamp for a period of
10 minutes. What is
the total charge
passed through the
lamp

300 C

Q=i*t; 0.5*600=300 C

1
7

The SI unit of
electrical resistivity
is

Ohm-m

In case of doubt use the =R*A/l

to work out the unit as Ohm-m. It
can be written as Ohm-cm but
than it cannot be SI unit.

1
8

The magnetic field

around a current
carrying conductor
will always be

in a circle
around
the
conductor

1
9

The working
principle of a fuse is

Joules
Heating
effect

2
0

Bio-mass fuels are

All

Renewable source of energy is

one which can be renewed within
a short period and therefore, plant
(all plants incl. vegetable), animal
and sewage is produced
continuously in the system and a
good source of energy except the
reason that the quantity is less
and only small power plants can
be built on such system.

2
1

The major hazards

of nuclear power
generation is

All

The limitations are not only these

three but includes not availability
of Uranium raw material also.

Respiration is an

exothermic
process

Silver chloride
turning into grey
substance in
sunlight is called

endothermic
reaction

When it is mentioned
sunlight, means it is
endothermic reaction.

Rain water is called

acid rain when its
pH is

less than 5.6

Pollutant gases like carbon

dioxide and Sulphur dioxide
mix with rain to make it
acidic and if the pH is less
than 5.6, than it is called
acid rain.

Anodising is a
process during
which

a thick layer of
aluminium oxide
is formed on Al

to protect it
from oxidation

Silver article
becomes black
when exposed in air
due to formation of

Silver Sulphide

Unsaturated
hydrocarbons with
one or more triple
bonds is called

alkynes

The formula is of
functional group

carboxylic acid
There are 18 groups and 7
periods in a periodic table.
The elements on the left are
metals, in between like Si,
Ge, B, As etc are metalloids
and extreme right are gases
or non-metals.

Metalloids are
elements which

exists in semimetal state

Life process is
defined as a
process in which
the

All

1
0

What is the function

of mucus in
stomach?

to protect the
inner lining of
the stomach
from the action
of acids

The air passage to lungs is

also protected by mucus
lining

1
1

How many
chambers are there
in the heart of fish?

two

the blood is pumped

through two chamber heart
to gills, get oxygenated and
than directly passes to rest
of the body

1
2

Which of the
following is a plant
hormone?

cytokinin

A concave mirror

at F

produces a highly
enlarged and real
image. Where is the
object located

1
4

The middle colour

of the seven colour
spectrum is

green

1
5

The least distance

of distinct vision for
a young adult with
normal vision is
about

25 cm

1
6

What is the
approximate range
of speed of charge
in a conductor
when current is
flowing through it?

1
7

The resistivity of an
alloy is as
compared to parent
metals

Remember VIBGOYR for the

seven colours and Green is
the middle colour.

1mm/sec

Drift velocity is very small

but the effect of voltage is
at the speed of electromagnetic wave travelling
through the conductor near
to the speed of light.

more

The resistivity of conductors

is of the order of 10 where
as alloy of these material is
in the range of 10 ohm-m.

1
8

A current is flowing
through a
conductor from
bottom to top, the
magnetic field will
be

anti-clock wise
in vertical plane

Use RH rule; where thumb

shall position in the
direction of the flow of
current, than the direction
of fingers will give the
direction of the magnetic
field.

1
9

Why there is a
energy crisis when
it can neither be
created nor
destroyed?

energy is
available in
usable and nonusable form and
the crisis is of
usable form

2
0

Anaerobic microorganisms which

breaks down
complex compound
of cow-dung slurry

does not require

oxygen

Anaerobic process does not

require oxygen

2
1

Biodegradable
substances are
those which are

Decomposition of
vegetable matters
into compost is

all

Biological process are

natural process. The nonbiodegradable items can be
broken under the influence
of high temperature and
pressure.

an
exothermic
process

During decomposition heat is

released and thus it is exothermic
reaction

Endothermic
reaction uses
energy in any of
the form

all

Energy not only in the form heat

but in any form including electric
current used during a reaction is
called endothermic reaction.
Electric current is also used.

Human stomach
produces which
acid for the
purpose of
digestion

HCl

Which of the
metal is most
reactive

Potassium

Copper article
becomes greenish
when exposed to
environment due
to

formation of
Copper
carbonate
layer

Graphite is
allotropes of
carbon used in
pencil and
softness is derived
due to

hexagonal
strucutre

The order of reactivity is K, Na, Ca

and Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Pb etc.

Three atoms of carbon are held

with hexagonal structure and the
fourth by a double bond. One
layer of structure slips over the
other making the pencil to work.

How many carbon

atoms and which
functional group
forms Butanone

4-ketone

Remember Carbon 1-Methane, 2Ethane, 3- Propane, 4- Butane;

and e is replaced by one means it
is ketone therefore 4-ketone.

The metals
existing on the left
side of a periodic
table are

electropositive in
nature

The electropostive elements is

having a tendency to loose
electrons easily.

What are common

chemical
reactions keep on
going in living
organism?

oxidising
and
reducing

1
0

The food from the

stomach moves
first to

small
intestine

1
1

What is the
function of blood
platelets?

plug the
blood leaks

1
2

The gap between

two neurons is
called a

synapse

1
3

If the speed of
light in vacuum is
c and in medium
v, than the
refractive index of
the medium is
given as

c/v

The refractive index of any

medium other than vacuum is
always greater than one. The
speed through any medium will
always reduce as compared to
vacuum in which it is the
maximum

The splitting of

dispersion

Splitting of colours is called

Platelets helps in plugging leaks

by clotting the blood at the point
of injury. These are small size of
about 20% of the blood cells and
in the ratio of 1:10 to 1:20 ratio.

light into seven

colours is called

dispersion. Refraction is bending

of light depending on the media
and reflection is returning of the
light beam back. Whereas
scattering results on the size of
the particle. The higher size
particle scatters light of mainly
longer wavelength.

Depletion of
ozone layer at
higher layer of
atmosphere may
result

nonshielding of
UV radiation
reaching
earth

Ozone is a molecule of three

atoms of oxygen with chemical
formula of O and formed in the
higher level atmosphere by
breaking oxygen molecule into
oxygen atoms which combine
with oxygen molecule to form
ozone. This ozone protects UV
radiation passing to earth which
causes skin cancer.

1
6

Electric potential
is defined as

work done
per unit
charge

V=W/Q is the fundamental

equation of potential derive from
the work done by a unit charge
for moving from place to another
in an electric field.

1
7

Resistivity of the
insulators is of the
order of

10^16

1
8

The magnetic field

inside a long
straight solenoid
carrying current is

same at all
points

What is fossil fuel?

which is
available
below the
earth
surface

1
5

1
9

Fossil fuels are fuels formed by

natural processes such as
anaerobic decomposition of
buried dead organisms

2
0

India produces
how much
electrical energy
from wind

1500025000MW

India wind energy production is

about 20000MW with future scope
of about 45000 MW. The biggest
wind farm is at kanyakumari of
380 MW capacity.

2
1

The reaction of
NaCl+AgNO
AgCl+NaNO is a

double
displacemen
t reaction

Cl of Na is replaced by NO and
NO of Ag is replaced by Cl means
double displacement.

Decomposition
reaction is such in
which

single reactant
breaks down
to two or more
simple
products

Common name of
CaOCl is

bleaching
powder

Bleaching powder is made

using Calcium Hydroxide and
chlorine resulting bleaching
powder and water.

What is required by
human body to get
rid of pain due to
high acidity?

Magnesium
Hydroxide

Milk of magnesia is generally

used to treat high acidity in
the stomach.

The reagent used

to dissolve gold
and platinum is

Aqua regia

Aqua regia is a freshly

prepared mixture of
concentrated HCl and HNO. It
can dissolve Gold and
Platinum but none alone

Condition for
rusting of ferrous
material is the
existing of

moist air

Rusting takes place when air

and water both attacks
together the ferrous surface.

The property of
carbon to form
bonds with other
atom of carbon is
called

catenation

Petanation and tetanation are

not any property and options
are only distractors.
Tetravelency is a property

Which elements

Oxygen and

Oxygen and Hydrogen are

were selected by
Mendeleev for
studying the
chemical property
for finding the
position in the
periodical table?

Hydrogen

very reactive and forms oxide

and hydride with each
elements easily.

Which of the
statement is not
correct when going
from left to right
across the periods
of periodic table?

the atoms lose

their electrons
more easily

The number of electron keep

on increasing as we go from
left to right on a period.

Name the
constituent which
is not a part of the
photosynthesis
process

oxygen

The constituents are CO.

Water, Chlorophyll and
sunlight which makes
carbohydrates providing
energy to the plant.

1
0

Terrestrial animals
are those which
lives on

land

1
1

The role of kidney

in a human body is
to

remove
nitrogenous
products from
blood

1
2

Image formed by a
plane mirror is
always

virtual and
erect

Function of kidney is remove

waste products from blood on
lines similar to as CO
removed by lungs.

1
3

Power of a lens is
given as

1/f

Power of a lens is given in

dioptre and given as f because
when combining two lenses it
can be added as a normal
sum.

1
4

During dispersion
of light through a
prism, which light
bends the least

red

Red light bends the least and

violet the maximum

1
5

Depletion of ozone
layer at higher

release of
chlorofluoro

Ozone is a molecule of three

atoms of oxygen with chemical

layer of
atmosphere is a
consequential
effect of

carbons into
the
environment

formula of O and formed in

the higher level atmosphere
by breaking oxygen molecule
into oxygen atoms which
combine with oxygen molecule
to form ozone. This ozone
protects UV radiation passing
to earth which causes skin
cancer.

1
6

Resistance of any
wire depends
directly on the

length and
inversely on
the area of
corssection

Always remember the formula

R=*l/A and be careful about
the distractors. The purpose of
distractor is distract you from
the correct answer and make
you commit mistakes

1
7

Four resistances of
value 1.5 ohms,
1.510 ohms,
2.610 ohms and
1.710 are
connected in
parallel, the net
resistance will be

1.49 ohms

Never attempt to such a long

calculation in multiple choice
questions and use logic. The
resistance will always be
slightly lower than 1.5 ohms
and cannot be greater than
1.5 ohms.

direction of
force produce
on a current
carrying
conductor

Flemings left hand rule is find

out the force where as right
hand rule is for generated
current. In LHR, thumb points
towards motion when first and
middle finger points towards
field and current which are 90
degree to each other.

Nuclear

Renewable source of energy is

one which keeps on renewing
at a short cycle whereas nonrenewable source of energy is
renewable with a time period
of 1000 to million years.

1
8

1
9

2
0

Flemings left hand

rule is used to find
out the direction of

This is not a
renewable source
of energy?

This is not a
limitation while
planning a wind
power house to
augment the power

back up
facility

Wind farm is not a stand-alone

system and requires a back up
when generation is not
enough. But in case of need of
augmentation of power

need of an
establishment

generation, some source is

already available.
Purity of Gold
is defined in
carat and 24
carat is the
purest form.
22 Carrot gold
will be

2
1

Purity of Gold is
defined in carat
and 24 carat is the
purest form. 22
Carrot gold will be

The chemical
symbol of
commonly known
product lime is

CaO

The chemical
name of baking
soda used in the
kitchen during
frying of cooking
items is

NaHCO

Along with what is mentioned,

chrome plating, galvanising,
tinning are also used for this
purpose.

CaCO is called lime stone and

when heated releases CO and
CaO called lime. The reaction is
called endothermic as it absorbs
heat energy

Plaster of Paris
when mixed with
water gives

Gypsum

Plaster of Paris in dry form is

CaSO.HO and when mixed
water it makes gypsum
CaSO.2HO which is dry. Plaster
of Paris is used for support
fractured bones.

Calcination is a
process used in
extraction of
metal from its ore
in which

ore is
heated
strongly in
the
presence of
limited air

The process of calcination is used

for extracting metals which are
middle in the activity series. It
required strong heating with
excess air for roasting and limited
air for calcination.

Stainless steel is
an alloy of Iron
with

Nickel and
Chromium

Carbon
compounds with
same molecular
formula but
different
strucutres are
called

structural
isomars

How Mendeleev
predicted existing
of elements which
were not
discovered by that
time

gaps in the
periodical
table

The brain is
responsible for

all

The pressure in
arteries is
than in veins.

greater

1
0

1
1

The basic function

of blood is not to
transport

Hemodialysis is an
artifician process
to perform the
function of vital

All

kidney

Option 3 is very well known

answer but all is a major
distractor to confuse the
candidate.

Besides these the other function

of blood is to perform the task of
delivering the nutrients and
glucose generated by the organs
of the digestive system to the
other parts of the body including
the liver. It is the function of
blood to first take the oxygen
processed by the lungs to all the
cells of the body and then to
collect the carbon dioxide from
the cells and deliver it to the
lungs.

organ

1
2

Spherical mirrors
having reflecting
surface curved
inwards is called

concave
mirror

1
3

The image formed

by a concave
mirror is observed
to be virtual, erect
and larger than
the object. Where
should be the
position of the
object?

between p
and f

1
4

Formation of
rainbow is result
of following
phenomenon
taking place on
water droplet one
after another

refraction,
dispersion,
internal
reflection,
refraction

1
5

How much sun

energy is used by
plants to to make
food through the
process of photosynthesis?

0.01

1
6

Copnduction of
any wire depends
directly on the

area of
crossection
and
inversely on
length

1
7

The relation for

resistive heating is

All

The tiny water droplets existing in

the atmosphere first refracts the
light and than disperse. The
disperse light undergoes total
internal reflection and refracts
back to air.

Always remember conductance is

inverse of resistance.

These are different way writing

the joules law of heating using

ohms law. Always be careful, All is

most of the time a correct
answer, but a major distractor
also. By inserting one wrong
option and another All, there is
possibility of you clicking All.

given by

1
8

1
9

2
0

2
1

Split rings are

used in a electric
motor

This is a limitation
for planning a
hydro power
generating plant

This is an
advantage of solar
power plant

For electrolytic
refining of metals,
the impure metal
is used

A bar of steel is having

linear coefficient of
expansion and young

to connect
positive and
negative
terminal of
power
supply

environment

Hydro power is much less running

cost but higher capital cost but
overall benefit. It is thus
economical but for environmental
issues has to be handled very
carefully.

it does not
require back
up facility

It does not have rotating parts as

required in wind, biomass and
hydro. Solar cells are placed on
the panel and all cells receives
energy and does not require
focussing arrangement. It is a
stand-alone system but requires
back up to take care when sun is
under shadow or not there at all.

anode

Anode is made of impure metal. It

looses pure metal and impurities
into the electrolyte. The pure
metal deposited on the cathode
and the impurities either get
dissolved in the electrolyte or
settles down.

2.4*10
N/m

Strain = 1.2*10*10=
1.2*10 and stress is strain
multiplied with young

modulus as 1.210 /K
and 210*10 N/m.
What stress will
develop for 10 degree
rise in temperature?

modulus of elasticity- 2.4*10

N/m. Be careful about the
unit as its change is generally
used as distractor

A bob of mass 0.40 Kg

hung from the ceiling of
a room by a string of
2m long is set into
oscillation. The speed
of the bob at its mean
position is 1 m/s but the
string get cut when it is
at its extreme position.
What is the trajectory
of the fall of the bob?

Vertical

The velocity at the

extremities is zero, therefore,
the bob will fall vertically
down. If the string get cut at
the middle, it will move in a
parabolic trajectory towards
the direction of motion. The
numerical values have been
given to distract you. Be
careful, when the answer
does not have numerical
values, means no calculations
are required.

more at
feet as
compared
to brain

Generally the height of heart

is 1.3 m and that of brain is
1.7 m. The force of
gravitation makes the
pressure different at brain
and foot level. Taking the air
density as 1.0610 kg/m,
the pressure at foot and brain
is 26.8 and 9.3 kPa when
pressure at heart is 13.3 kPa
(100 mmHg)

Which property of water

helps for survival of
plant and animal life in
pond and sea during
very low temperature?

density of
ice is
maximum
at zero
degree
than water
and it
floats on
the surface

The density of water is

maximum at zero degree and
less at higher and lower
temperature. When frozen, it
floats being denser than
water and provide thermal
protection for the sea life.
Option 4 is main distractor
with density low but wrongly
answered, and if you dont
read the answer carefully,
may tick 4

It is observed that the

free falling body
through gas or liquid

velocity,
radius of
body and

It is observed that the viscous

force depends on viscosity
eta of the medium, radius of

How the blood pressure

in human being at feet
compares with that in
brain?

experience a viscous
force which is
proportional to

The process of
regelation is possible
with this substance

Angstrom is the
smallest measurement
unit. What is its value?

The speed of rotation of

an automobile wheel at
the point of contact as
observed by a
stationary person is

viscosity of
medium

the sphere, velocity and is in

the opposite direction to the
motion. This is also called
Stokes Law F=6a. A rain
drop falling in air initially
accelerates at the level of g
but viscous force also
increases with increase of v
and finally settles at constant
velocity and called terminal
velocity which remains
constant unless viscous force
changes in between. You
should keep the formular on
the rough paper to avoid any
influence of distractor.

Ice

Regelation is the
phenomenon of melting
under pressure and freezing
again when the pressure is
reduced. Many sources state
that regelation can be
demonstrated by looping a
fine wire around a block of
ice, with a heavy weight
attached to it. Regelation was
discovered by Michael
Faraday. Regelation occurs
only for substances, such as
ice, that have the property of
expanding upon freezing

10 mm

1 Angstrom is equal to
10mm, unit developed to
measure atomic and
molecular distances.
Distraction is given by unit;
suppose you remember the
answer in meter, may like to
make a mistake.

equal or
near to
zero

The speed at the point of

contact is nil or near to zero.
If the speed is r, than the
wheel is slipping and the
speed of the top particles of
the wheel is 2r. (-r) is

impossible.
Web resist shear force
whereas flange helps in
countering the bending
moment. Thermal expansion
is taken care by providing
transition gap at the end of
the rail.

For what advantage I

(eye) crossection is
used for Railway track

Web resist
shear force
and
bending
moment by
flange

1
0

The ratio of Young and

Shear Modulus for the
same material is in the
range of

2.5 to 3

Shear modulus is small and

about one third of young
modulus.

The voltmeter and

ammeter used for the
measurement is having
an error of 100
plus/minus 5 and 10
plus/minus 0.2 for
voltmeter and ammeter
respectively. These
ammteres are used for
the measurement of
resistance, what error is
expected?

7%

During division and

multiplication, the
percentage errors are added.
Percentage error of voltmeter
is 5% and ammeter is 2%
therefore, total is 7%.

A box weighing 1 Kg is
lying on the floor of a
vehicle having
coefficient of friction
0.3. The vehicle
acceleration in m/sec
shall be restricted to
what level for the box to
remain static?
(g=10m/sec)

The frictional force act in

opposition to the acceleration
equal to 1*10*0.3=3N. The
force of acceleration shall
never exceed 3 N for the box
not to move. Therefore,
acceleration shall be limited
to 3/1 or 3 m/sec

SI unit of surface
tension is

N/m

There is general tendency to

think that the unit of tension
is N/m where as it is N/m
due to the tension prevailing
at the line of interface
between metal and liquid. In

terms of energy it is also

given as J/m. It is important
to keep the formula on your
sketch

flow of
liquid

Equation of continuity is a
statement f conservation of
mass in flow of
incompressible fluids and an
important equation of
Area*Velocity at any point in
liquid flow remains constant.

laminar or
turbulent
behaviour
of fluid

Osborne Reynolds number R

=d/ determines the
tendency of fluid flow. When
it is less than 1000, the flow
is laminar and more than
2000, it is turbulent and
between 1000 to 2000, it
unsteady.

solid
changes to
gas directly

The changes from solid state

to vapour state without
passing through the liquid
state is called sublimation
and the substance is aid to
sublime. Dry Ice and Iodine
are sublime substances.

1 Angstrom

Electron Microscope of 0.6 A

has been developed. The
figures are generally given
ascending or descending
order. Sometime it is given at
random. Dont get influenced
with the order.

60 when converted into

radian will be

0.0174

60 is equal to 0 and equal

to /180 = 0.0174 radians.
The distraction here is 60
and there is possibility that
one can go for the calculation
of 1

Plastic materials are

those

which does
not regains

Plastic material deforms and

does not regain back its

Equation of continuity
relates to the

Knowledge of Reynolds
number is helpful in
determining

Sublimation is the
process in which

Electron Microscope has

to capability to measure
least distances of the
range of

1
0

Two helical springs of

spring constant k1 and
k2 are attached with a
mass in parallel, what
will be total spring
constant

A jet travelling at a
speed of 500 Kmph
ejects a projectile
at a speed of 1500
Kmph. What is the
speed of the
projectile as
observed by an
observer on
ground?

its original
position
after the
applied
force is
removed

original position after the

deformation force is
removed. The material which
regains it original position are
called Elastic material. The
distracter is that all the
answers start with the
language which does not or
does regain and makes the
candidate to confuse himself.

k=k1+k2

Spring constant behaves

similar to capacitor for
connection in parallel or
series. when connected in
parallel, the spring constant
adds. Answer two is for when
connected in series.

1500

The observer will see relative

speed of 1500-500=1000
Kmph.

A constant
retarding force of
50 N is applied on
an object weighing
20 Kg and moving
with a speed of 15
m/sec. The object
will come to stop
after how much
time?

The retarding momentum to

be balanced with the
momentum of the object. The
retarding momentum is F*t or
50*t=20*15; therefore t= 6
sec.

Why a paper clip of

iron floats on the
surface of water?

This is because
the surface
tension

The weight of the pin is very

small and It is the surface
tension of the water which

Bernoulli Principle
relates to

Higher specific
heat of a
substance is an
indication that
when an amount of
heat is supplied

between the
surface of
paper clip and
water which
supports the
weight

supports this weight. If the

weight is more than the
surface tension, than only it
may penetrate the water
surface.

conservation of
energy

Equation of continuity relates

to conservation of mass
whereas Bernoulli Principle
relates to conservation of
energy namely pressure,
potential energy due to
gravity and kinetic. Giving
options in this manner
creates doubt.

the
temperature of
the substance
will rise slowly

Q=msT means specific heat

and T is inversely
proportional therefore, higher
specific heat means less rise
in temperature. The specific
heat of water is 4186 as
compared to 900 and 500 of
Al and Carbon.

This is an
advantage of
friction

Rheostat
braking

Rheostat braking is when

rotational mechanical energy
is converted into electrical
and wasted across a
resistance. It is not related to
friction. Dont forget that here
All is a distracter to confuse.

Which one is a
vector quantity?

Weight

Weight is a vector whereas

mass is a scalar. All others are
scalar we all know

The famous
Einstein equation is
written wrongly

m=m/[(1v/c)

The correct formula can be

assessed by balancing the
unit which shall be M for both

forgetting where to
insert speed of
light c as m=m/
[(1-v). What is
the correct
equation?

side and that is the reason c

will appear in the
denominator of v. Now it may
be kept in the numerator as
in option 1, than the term will
become imaginary as the v
can never be more than c.

When a body is
subjected to
deformation force,
a restoration force
is developed in the
body which is also
called

Stress

Restoring force per unit area

is called Stress. Remember
strain is unit less, Y is a
relation and constant for a
body and Newton law is
applicable for external
actions.

1
0

A spring of spring
constant k and m
does simple
harmonic motion in
a frictional less
horizontal plane.
The angular
velocity is given
by

k/m

x(t)=ACos(t+); v(t)=
-Asin(t+); a(t)=
-Acos(t+); a(t)= -Ax(t)
orF(t)= m* a(t)= -m or
-kx(t) were k= -m or
=k/m

A cricket ball is
thrown at a speed
of 28 m/sec at an
angle of 30 degree.
To what height it
will go?

A person is
weighing 70 Kg on
a weighing scale
lying on the floor of
a lift. The lift moves
downward at an
acceleration of 5
m/sec. What will be
the reading on the
weighing scale?

10 m

35

h={vSin}/{2*g) and other

formulas in this regard are
time to reach this distance =
vSin/g, horizontal distance
covered is called range and
given by [v Sing2/g]

When the lift is standstill,

downward force 70*10 N is
balanced by equivalent
reaction. When the life moves
downward with acceleration of
5*70 N, than the scale will
experience a reaction of only
700-350 N equal to 35 Kg.
Similarly when the lift is
accelerating upward, the scale

(g=10m/sec)

will read 105 Kg.

The relationship
curve for converting
degree centigrade
to Fahrenheit is

a inclined
straight line

The equation for the

conversion of degree into
Fahrenheit is given by [(Tf32)/180]=Tc/100 which is
straight line with intersection
of 32 on Tf scale and slope of
1.8

dynamic lift
due to
spinning

The difference in the velocities

of air results in the pressure
difference between the lower
and upper faces and there is
net upward force on the
object. Ball moving with spin,
lift of air plane and aerofoil are
explained by this effect.

three

The linear expansion is only in

one direction where volume
expansion is in three direction
therefore the net effect on
volume is three times. The
coefficient of linear expansion
of Al and Brass is 2.510/K
and 1.810/K whereas
volume is 7 and 610/K.

Magnus effect
relates to

The ratio of volume

expansion to linear
expansion on
heating is around

A body is moving
from rest in
unidirectional under
the influence of
constant power. The
displacement in
time t is
proportional to

t*t

We know d=ut+at and

P=M*a*d/t or a=M*t/d and
u=0 we get d= [M*t/d]t or
d*d proportional to t*t or t*t

A box is kept in a
lorry moving with a
constant speed.

The box will

move in the
forward

The box was moving in the

forward direction along with
the lorry. With application of

direction of
motion if the
frictional force
is less than
braking force.

brake, the box will continue to

move in the same direction
even the brakes are applied
but will resisted by the
frictional force between box
and the lorry surface. If the
frictional force is more it will
not move and if it is less, than
it will slide. On similar
argument, answer number 3
and 4 are relevant when the
lorry starts accelerating.

What is the
acceleration
experienced by an
object lying at the
edge of a circular
plate and rotating
at a constant
speed?

it will
experience
acceleration
towards the
centre of the
circular plate

The acceleration of an object

moving with uniform speed v
in a circle of radium R
experiences acceleration of
magnitude v/R directed
towards centre and is called
centripetal acceleration, a
term proposed by Newton.

When ultimate
strength and
fracture point on
stress-strain curve
are close by, the
material is called

brittle

When point 4 and 5 are closer,

than the material is brittle

1
0

Why it is easy to roll

a cylinder as
compared to
rectangular block of
same weight and on
the surface with
same coefficient of
friction?

There is just
one point of
contact and
no relative
motion
therefore
point does not
experience
any friction

The speed at the point of

contact is almost negligible
and thus experience very little
friction. The static and kinetic
friction is zero and the body
shall continue to roll with
constant velocity but there is
rolling friction which will retard
the speed.

Suddenly the driver

applies brakes.
What happens to
the box?

A truck starts from

rest and accelerate
at 2m/sec. After 10
second a person

20 m/sec
horizontal

Velocity is a vector quantity and

to be expressed with direction.
The direction in the present case
is same as that of moving

standing at 6 meter
height, drops a
stone. What is its
velocity?

vehicle as per fist law of

Newtons law of motion

A person weighing
50 Kg lifts a mass of
25 Kg by a rope
from a well once
without pulley
arrangement and
next time with
pulley arrangement.
What is the reaction
on the ground when
lifting with pulley
arrangement? ( g =
10 m/sec)

250 N

When lifting the weight through

the pulley, the reaction force on
the pulley will W+T=2W i.e. 500
N. The reaction on the surface
will than become 250 N.

The relationship of
linear expansion of
long rod due to rise
in temperature is
given as

L/L is
proportiona
l to t

It is the change of per unit

length proportional to rise in
temperature. If the length is
doubled, than rise will also
double for the same rise in
temperature.

Coefficient of
viscosity for a fluid
is defined as the
ratio of

shearing
stress/strai
n rate

The strain in a flowing fluid

increases with time continuously
and experimentally found
depend on rate of change of
strain or strain rate.

Why the earth

surface warms up
quickly during day
and cools quickly
during night in
desert?

due to low
specific
heat of
sand

The substance having low

specific heats up fast. The
specific heat of sand, concrete,
iron is 830, 880 and 490 J/Kg C
respectively

A pump on the
ground floor is

40 kW

Energy required to mgh and

power is mgh/t. In the present

required to pump 30
meter cube water to
a 40 m height over
head tank in 15
minutes. What
power of pump is
required when the
efficiency of pump is
33%.

case weight of water is 30 meter

cube and density1000 Kg/meter
cube and we get
(30*1000*10*30)/(15*60*0.33)=
40 kW

Two objects A which

is heavy and B
which is lighter are
thrown from the top
of a 100 m building
at the same time.
Which object will
reach the ground
first?

Both at the
same time

Both the objects will reach at the

same time because weight has
no effect on the average speed
of travel.

For any arbitration

motion in space, the
following relation for
calculation average
velocity holds true

v
(average)=
[rr(t)+rr(t)]
(t-t)

Average stands for average of

quantity over the time
interval(t-t)

A stationary person
is watching another
person in a convex
mirror moving at a
constant speed
towards him. He will
observe the speed

increasing
as he
approaches
the mirror

In the standard equation of

mirror 1/v+1/u=1/f, if we put the
value of u at different time, the
image location v is not uniform
but keep on reducing therefore
the image will appear moving
fast on approach

1
0

Visible light
spectrum wavelenth
is between

400-700
nm

Visible light spectrum shall be

gone through with information
where radio, microwave, x-ray
and gamma rays lies.

A metal rod held in

hand when rubbed
with a silky cloth will

no
charge

The charge accumulates only on

insulators. On conductor the
charge conducts through human

accumulate

body to earth. If it is held with

wooden handle, the charge will
accumulate on the conductor.

A silver wire has a

resistance of 2.1
at 27.5C and 2.7
at 100C. What is
the temperature
coefficient of
resistivity of silver?

.
0039C

R(27.5)=2.1 ohms. R(100)=R(27.5)

[1+t]; 2.7=2.1[1+(72.5)]; =
0.2857/72; = .0039C. Observer
that unit has been used as a
distractor which sometime missed
by many. When change of
temperature is in degree, the unit
cannot be Kelvin.

A current carrying
conductor produces
magnetic field and
the law to calculate
the magentic field at
a point is given by

BiotSavart
Law

Biot-Savart law relates the

magnetic field to the magnitude,
direction, length and proxmity of
the electric current. Oersted Law
states that The line integral of the
magnetic field , around any closed
curve C, is proportional to the total
current I, passing through any
surface bounded by the curve.

In a concave mirror
the image is formed
real and inverted
when the object is
place

further
away
from the
focal
point

Real and inverted image is formed

when the object is placed further
away from the focal point. At focal
point, the image is formed at
infinity and from focal point to the
centre, it will be erect and virtual
behing the mirror.

Melting of ice is a

Isotherm
al
Process

Since temperature during melting

of ice remains constant at 0
degree hence it is isothermal
process

Two charges of value

Q are placed at a
distance of r.
Another charge of (Q/3) is required to

r/2

be placed in
between the line
joining the two . For
equilibrium, where
the charge shall be
placed?

An infinitely long
ladder is having a
resistance of 1 ohm
of each arm of each
of the rectangle
formed in its
consutrction as
shown. What is it
equivalent
resistance?

1+ 3

Assume the equivalent resistance

to be R and as it is infinitely long,
than the equivalent resistance will
be R when seen from uniform
configuration and can be drawn as
follows. The resistance now
calculated will be option 2. Also
notice that the equivalent
resistance cannot be more than 3
thus negating option 3 and 4.

The image
magnification m in
optics is given by

All

Every one remembers the formula

of first options when v and u are
given, but by using the mirror
equation of 1/v+1/u=1/f, the
relation can be worked out in
terms of v &f and u&f.

The difference
between molar
specific heat at
constant volume and
constant pressure is

always
negative

Cp-Cv=R where R is universal gas

constant

1
0

Multiplication of
permittivity and
permeability results
interesting relation
of

1/c

=1/c

This is one of the

standard method of
creation of charge

Charge
cannot be
created

Charge cannot be created. It

only travels from one location
to another. Gold leaf

Electroscope is used to
measure the force between
charges and van de graph
generator is for accumulating
the charge. The same is the
function of capacitor where
charge is allowed to
accumulate.

n resistors each of
R ohms are first
connected in series
and than in parallel.
The ratio of the
resistance in series
by parralel will be

A physical
significance of a
virtual image
formed in optics is
that

it can be seen
by naked eye
but cannot be
projected on
screen

Heat supplied is
equal to work done
is the outcome
which law of
thermodynamics

first

A charged particle
of charge q is
moving at a velocity
of v parallel to the
magnetic field B, it
will be accelerated
by a force

it will
continue to
move
unaffected

Series combination=nR,
Parallel combination R/n.
Therefore ratio is n. The
mistake is likely to committed
to write parallel combination
as n/R, thus working out the
relation as R

A charge particle moving in a

magnetic field experiences
Lorentz force given by vector
product of v and B as
F=q(vxB) or F=BqvSin; where
if is the angle of motion with
respect to B. If it is zero, the
force is also zero and
maximum and perpendicular
to B and v if it is 90. for any
other value it will be helix.

A battery of inernal
resistance e and
emf of E supplies
power to resistance
R. The power drawn
is maximum when

r=R

Maximum Power= E*E/4R

Ratio of refrective
index of one
medium 1 in
respect of other
medium 2 is given
by the relation

It is important to remember
wrt i.e. Option 2 will be correct
if we have to working out the
ratio of 2 wrt 1. The third
option is based on the velocity
of light in two different
medium.

The difference
between molar
specific heat at
constant pressure
and constant
volume is given by

Cp-Cv=R where R is universal

gas constant

For conversion of
galvanometer into
voltmeter, you will
require

a high series
resistance
with
galvanometer

Voltmeters are connected in

parallel to the circuit whose
voltage is to be measured
therefore, it should draw very
little current and therefore, a
high series resitance is
required.

1
0

Van de Graaff
generator are used
to produce

Million Volt
Electric
Potential

Suggest way to
shield a sensitive
measuring
instrument from a
strong electrostatic
field environment.

provide a metallic
conducting
enclosure around
it

By providing a conducting
material screen, the field
inside become zero

How the resistivity

of alloys as
compared to parent
metals?

increases

The mobility of charge

particle reduces with
alloying of material

When two thin

lenses joins
together, the focal
length of the lenses
combination will be
given as

1/F=1/f+1/f

Diopter scale was adopted

for opthalmologist as it
simply adds the diapoter
of one lense with that of
another. The inverse of
focal length is taken as
Diapoter otherwise this
question has no
significance.

The ratio of Cp and

Cv for a dia-atomic
gas is

five/three

Cp/Cv==f+2/f where f is
3,5, etc for monatomic and
dia-atomic gas.

A capacitor is made
consisting of two
dielectric of
thickness t & t and
dielectric constant
of K & K. What will
be its equivalent
dielectric constant?

*A/[ t/K +
t/K]

C=*A/t; here the

thickness will now become
t+ t if the dielectric
constant is same. Now the
effective thickness will
now become t/K + t/K
and effective capacitance
will become C=*A/[ t/K
+ t/K]

A battery of internal
resistance e and
emf of E supplies
power to resistance
R. The current
drawn is maximum
when

R=0

The maximum current will

be when the resistance is
minimum as inernal
resistance is fixed and
cannot be zero, it will be
maximum when R is zero.

the light from sun

encounter large
atmosphere
where the blue

The light which scatters is

not visible and red light
having minimum
scattering will be more

Why does the sun

looks red at the
time of sunset?

light is scattering
more leaving
mostly red light to
travel

prominently visible.

The gas equation of

an ideal gas is

PV=RT

Gas equation is very

standard equation
PV=nRT; and demonstrate
all relations with the
variables in any
thermodynamic system.

Glittering of
diamond is due to

to total internal
reflection of light

Absorption, reflaction and

dispersion has different
property.

100 W

When connected in series,

the net power is given by
1/P=1/P+1/P; and
therefore, higher power
lamp will have less
contribution. Sine i is
same, hence P is in
proportion to the
resistance. For higher
wattage, R is small.

1
0

Two incandescent
bulbs of 100 and
200 W are
connected in series
by a Voltage source
of V. Which bulb will
glow brightly?

How is the
charge
accumulated on
the aeroplane
during flight
taken care?

conductive
material is
added in the
wheel tyre to
discharge the
accumulated
charge
immediately
on landing

A current is

current

Due to air rubbing with the body

of the aeroplane, charge
accumulates on the surface of the
aeroplane and it is necessary to
discharge it immediately on
landing otherwise it will try to
discharge through the bodies
which will come in contact with it.
The tyres are made with some
parts of conductive material.
Discharge is not possible in the
sky because of the same potential
of all bodies.

flowing through a
conductor with
varying
crossection from
place to place.
Which of the
quantity remains
constant through
out the
conductor?

1/f

Dioptre scale has been developed

to make the calculation for
ophthalmologist simpler as optical
power in dioptre is added when
two thin glass are placed close to
each other. It means that dioptre
power of +5 when placed along
with +2 dioptre power will make it
to +7 dioptre.

105 Calories of
heat is required
to raise the
temperature of 3
mole of a gas
from 30C to
35C at constant
pressure. How
much heat will
be required to
raise by 10C at
constant volume.

75

Let Qp=Cptm and Qv=Cvtm;

we get
Cp/Cv=Qp/Qv==1.4(monoatomic gas). Qv = Qp/1.4 =
105/1.4 =75 calories.

Energy stored in
a capacitor is
given by

E=CV

Energy stored is given by

Q/2C=CV=QV

Dioptre is used
as unit of
measurement of
optical power
and is equal to

The voltage
applied across a
battery of emf E
and internal
resistance r for

V=E+ir

The supply voltage has to be

more than the emf of the battery
and shall compensate for the
voltage drop across the internal
resistance i.e. Ir.

charging is

The speed of
light in air and
water are 3 and
2.2510 m/sec
respectively. A
person standing
near a water pool
of 1 meter depth
will observe the
height to be

0.75 m

The constant in
isothermal
process is

Temperature

The constant in
isobaric process
is

Pressure

1
0

Splitting of light
into its
constituent
colours is called

dispersion of
light

A person decided to
build 1 F capacitor.
What size of plates are
required if the gap
between the two plates
is kept 0.5 cm. The
value of =8.854*10
(-12))

565 Km

What happens to the

thermal coefficient of
resistivity of pure
metal when alloyed?

decreases

The apparent depth is given by

Real depth* Speed of light in
water/speed of light in air. If a
person looks towards a object
from inside the pool which is 1 m
height will find it at 1.33 meter
high.

C=*A/d; A= C*d/; A=
1*0.005/8.854*10 (-12) =
565 Km. Size of the plates
are of very large size for
building 1F capacitor. Dont
do precise calculation and try
to match the answer.

A person is walking in
front of a plane mirror
at a speed of 0.3
m/sec. What is his
speed relative to the
image speed?

0.6 m/sec

As the person is walking

towards the plain mirror at a
speed of 0.3 m/sec, his
image is walking towards him
at the same speed therefore,
for relative motion, the speed
adds.

This is not a
microscopic variable in
a thermodynamic
system of gases

Entropy

The macroscopic variables

are P,V,T and mole or mass

The ratio between the

surface charge density
and permittivity is

Electric field
between
the two
plates

E=/ where is surface

charge density

a small in
parallel to
galvanomet
er

For conversion of a
galvanometer into a
ammeter, you have to bypass
maximum of current away
from the galvanometer, and
for that you need a parallel
small resistance also called
shunt in parallel.

The critical angle for total

internal reflection is given by
sin(1/); cannot be less
than one and for greater
values, critical angle will
keep on reducing.

For conversion of
galvanometer into
ammeter, you will
require

The critical angle for

total internal reflection
reduces with the

increase in
refractive
index

The constant in
adiabatic process is

Amount of
heat

The constant in
isochoric process is

Volume

1
0

Irreversibility in
thermodynamic
process arises due to

all

Irreversibility is where all the

energy input cannot be
converted back