Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Johann Krenn
Helmut Weiss
University of Leoben
Austria, Leoben 8700
Email: rudolf.krall@unileoben.ac.at
University of Leoben
Austria, Leoben 8700
Email: johann.krenn@unileoben.ac.at
University of Leoben
Austria, Leoben 8700
Email: helmut.weiss@unileoben.ac.at
Sta
I.
I NTRODUCTION
tor
Ro
tor
Fig. 1.
Ro
tor
Sta
tor
D ESIGN C ONSIDERATIONS
Ns
qz
=
2p m
qn
(1)
(2)
(3)
Z7- Z2-
Z6+
Z18-
Z14+ Z19+
Fig. 2.
Ns
7
11
12
0.966
0.966
0.259
-
24
0.604
0.604
0.604
0.604
0.983
0.991
DL
SL
DL
SL
DL
SL
3
3
3
6
3*
3
3
3*
3*
3
3
3*
3*
3
3
3*
3*
9
9
3,9
3
3,9
3,9
3
3,9
3,9
3,9
3,9
3
12
3*
3*,6
3*,6
3*
3*
3*,6
III.
15
18
21
5
5
3,5
3
5
3,5
3,5
5
3
3,5
5
9*
7
7
3,7
3,7
7
3
3,7
7
3,7
3,7
7
3*,9*
3*,9*
3
3*,9*
3*,9*
3*,9*
3*,9*
3*
24
3*,4,6*
3*,4,6*
3*
4
3*,6
3*,4,6*
PHASES
p
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Z1+
Z13-
Ns
3
6
12
6
6
12
24
30
24
30
42
48
42
48
60
66
60
66
9
18
36
18
72
90
36
126
144
180
198
72
12
24
60
84
48
60
132
15
18
21
60
30
120
30
60
210
240
90
60
330
120
36
84
42
168
210
84
42
336
126
420
462
168
72
90
36
126
144
180
198
72
24
W INDING FACTOR
120
168
48
72
120
264
eSL
bz
eDL
Q
for DL
for SL
Fig. 3.
W () =
sin (k/2) i(kk)
2Nt X 1
z +
e
sin
k
k
2
k/2
k
{z
} | {z }
|
S (k)
N (k)
(8)
k = 1, 2, 3, . . . ,
F x (, t) = W x () {Ix e
i(tx )
(9)
h
h
h = 1, 3, 5, . . . ,
The total MMF within the periodicity of one base winding
follows the relation in (11).
F (, t) =
6= 0 if (h+p =2mY )
I i(th)
i
1 + ei( m (hp )) + . . . + e
+ e
2
|
{z
(m1)
(hp )
m
Y = 0, 1, 2, 3, . . . ,
m
X
4Nt X
1 X i(h m
h(j1))
S (h) N (h)
e
h j=1
h
i
I h i(t m
hp (j1))
e
+ ei(t m hp (j1)) (12)
2
By progressing the integer j from 1 to the number of phase
m, the term in the brace of (12) results in:
(m1)
I i(t+h)
(h+p )
i
i( m
(h+p ))
m
1+e
+ ... + e
+
e
2
|
{z
}
F (, t) =
2p
the number of pole pairs for a base winding. The phase currents
spatially shifted by m
related to the first order space harmonic
W x () {Ix ei(tx ) }
(11)
x=1
n
n
V.
T ORQUE CALCULATION
A(, t) =
(15)
The fourier series of the radial field in the air gap, coming from
the rotor over a period of a base winding is defined according
to (16) and shown in Fig.4. The mechanical speed is considered
by m and 0 can be used to define an initial rotor position.The
rotor pole width is defined by B which is the mechanical
pole width angle multiplied by the number of pole pairs. The
n .
amplitude of the magnetic flux density is defined by B
n X
1
4B
z
z
B
B (z) = sin
z
2
z = 1, 3, 5, . . . ,
B n (, t) =
(16)
The torque over the surface of the rotor confining cylinder can
B
bB
Bn
Q
wmp`t+d0
Fig. 4.
2p
0
Z 2
sin ((t + zm tp ) (n + zp ) + z0 ) d
+
0
(17)
S ()N ()B ( )
T (t) = rl
sin ( m )t 0
p
(18)
n Imp q X
8Nt B
z
S ()N ()Z () B ( )
{z
}
|
()
W
1
sin (1 )t (0 Z )
p
p
sin (qz z /2p )
Z () =
qz sin (z /2p )
(q 1)z
Z = z
2
2
2
z = (for DL) or z = 2 (for SL)
Ns
Ns
(19)
T tot = tp T
(21)
The orders of the space harmonics over the whole circumference of the machine are tot = tp . The spectrum of the
time harmonics in the machine torque are independent of tp .
VI.
M ACHINE DATA
number of phases
Phase current
number of turns per coil
frequency
remanenz flux density
rotor pole width
number of stator slots
number of rotor poles
stator bore radius
magnet hight
mech. air gap length
slot width
tooth width
slot depth
iron length
6
14
108
50
1.2
30.6
12
10
100.5
4.9
1.3
26.3
26.3
25
135
A
Hz
T
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
MMF- Distribution
1500
T(t)FEM
240
Mean-FEM
T(t)
1000
Analy
TMean-Analy
230
Torque in Nm
MMF in A
500
-500
220
210
-1000
200
-1500
0
50
100
150
200
angle in
250
300
190
350
Fig. 5.
x 10
Fig. 7.
A in A/m
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
Fig. 6.
3
time in ms
FEM
Analy
1.5
-2
50
100
150
200
angle in
250
300
350
C ONCLUSION
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
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