1. It refers to the extra chromosomal genetic structures of bacteria which are made of a circular piece of DNA.

a. Plasmids
b. Peptidoglycan
c. Pili
d. Capsule
2. It refers to the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, designated by a subscript to the left of the elemental
symbol.
a. Atomic mass
b. Atomic number
c. Isotopes
d. Ions
3. Atomic forms of an element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
a. Atomic mass
b. Atomic number
c. Isotopes
d. Ions
4. It is the maximum number of healthy organism that the resource of an ecosystem can support at a given time.
a. Population density
b. Carrying capacity
c. Maximum capacity
d. Density-dependent population
5. It refers to the observable physical and physiological traits of an organism.
a. Alleles
b. Genotype
c. Traits
d. Phenotype
6. Which among the following areas of Taxonomy refers to the ordering and grouping of populations using the
inductive method?
a. Classification
b. Identification
c. Nomenclature
d. Preservation
7. According to this law, the two genes of a pair separate during gamete formation, so that only one gene of a pair is
received by each gamete.
a. Law of Segregation
b. Law of Independent Assortment
c. Incomplete Dominance
d. Codominance
8. The cell walls of fungi are made up of _____.
a. Cellulose

b. Carbohydrates
c. Glycogen
d. Chitin
9. In the cross breeding of two organisms, only the intermediate traits appear in the offspring.
a. Multiple alleles
b. Polygenes
c. Codominance
d. Incomplete dominance
10. Malaria is a disease caused by parasitic sporozoans known as ______.
a. Plasmodium
b. Amoeba
c. Trypanosoma
d. Dinoflagellate
11. Which of the following environmental problems is responsible for fish kills in the Philippines?
a. Deforestation
b. Pollution
c. Wildlife depletion
d. Acid rain
12. A biome is best defined as ______.
a. A feeding pattern of worldwide organisms
b. A major climatologic regions with consistent inhabiting populations
c. The plant and animals in the biosphere
d. A flourishing geographical area of a country.
13. These are colorless plastids that may contain stored food found in plants.
a. Chloroplasts
b. Chromoplasts
c. Leucoplasts
d. Anthocyanin
14. Spermatogenesis occurs in ______.
a. Epididymis
b. Testes
c. Gonads
d. Seminiferous tubules
15. Which of the following is least likely to be associated with the cytomembrane system?
a. Endoplasmic reticulum
b. Lysosome
c. Golgi bodies
d. Mitochondrion
16. Which statement about human karyotype is NOT true?
a. Sex chromosomes are not included.

b. Chromosomes are organized into pairs.

c. Metaphase chromosomes are photographed.
d. Autosomes are arranged from longest to shortest.
17. Through dehydration synthesis of glucose and fructose, it will yield ______.
a. Maltose
b. Sucrose
c. Lactose
d. Galactose
18. A women with a type AB blood is married to a type O man. What are the chances that their child will have blood
type of A?
a. 100%
b. 75%
c. 50%
d. 25%
19. Which of the following elements does not constitute proteins?
a. P
b. H
c. O
d. C
20. If both parents are heterozygous, the probability that a recessive trait will appear in the offspring is ____.
a. 75%
b. 50%
c. 25%
d. 0%
21. The most abundant elements found in living matter are ______.
a. Oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and carbon
b. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and phosphorus
c. Phosphorus, nitrogen, carbon and oxygen
d. Nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen and carbon
22. All of the following bases are found in DNA EXCEPT:
a. Uracil
b. Adenine
c. Guanine
d. Cytosine
23. A cell placed in salt solution shrinks because ______.
a. The cell loses water
b. The cell gains water
c. The cell develops turgor pressure
d. The net movement of water is 0.

24. A husband with normal color vision has a pregnant color-blind wife. What is the probability of having a normal
daughter?
a.
b.
c.
d. 1
25. Which of the following processes are mismatched?
a. Catabolism digestion of food
b. Anabolism cellular respiration
c. Passive transport diffusion and osmosis
d. Endocytosis phagocytosis and pinocytosis
26. Suppose a type AB patient needs blood transfusion. Which blood donation should NOT be given to him?
a. Type AB
b. Type O
c. Type B
d. Type A
27. The major source of variation in bacteria is _____.
a. Mutation
b. Asexual reproduction
c. Genetic recombination
d. Environmental changes
28. Flowering plants are more successful and dominant than gymnosperms in dry terrestrial habitat because
______.
a. Their seeds are protected inside a fruit
b. Their seeds are dispersed by wind rather than water
c. Their cell walls are strengthened by lignin to support their tall heights
d. Their parts are protected by a waxy water-proof substance called cutin.
29. If you examine living plant and animal cells, you will be amazed at the striking similarity in that they possess
______.
a. Cell wall
b. Large vacuoles
c. A cell membrane
d. The ability to manufacture food
30. It involves the spontaneous and random movement of molecules from one place to another.
a. Osmosis
b. Exocytosis
c. Diffusion
d. Passive transport
31. Which of the following statements is true about the five-kingdom scheme of biological classification?
a. Bacteria and algae are placed in Kingdom Monera
b. Kingdom Plantae includes all photosynthetic organisms.

c. The simplest members of Kingdom Animalia are the protozoa.

d. Heterotrophic organisms that secrete digestive enzymes to break down food before absorbing it are classified
under Kingdom Fungi.
32. What is the correct sequence of the scientific method?
I- Experimentation
II- Formulation of a hypothesis
III- Observation
IV- Defining a problem
V- Formulation a theory
a. I, II, III, IV, V
b. IV, III, II, I, V
c. III, IV, II, I, V
d. V, IV, III, II, I
33. Which of the following does not describe fungi?
a. Pathogenic
b. Photosynthetic
c. Symbiotic
d. Parasitic
34. The color of the leaves is green because plants _____ green light.
a. Reflect
b. Refract
c. Absorbed
d. Transmitted
35. Which of the following describes the bacteria under Subkingdom Archaebacteria?
a. Do not have nuclear membranes
b. Are among the most primitive organisms
c. Can live in extremes of environmental conditions
d. All of the above
36. Solution X has a pH of 3.0 while solution Y has 8.3 pH. What is TRUE?
a. X is basic while Y is acidic
b. Both are acidic.
c. Both are basic.
d. X is acidic while Y is basic
37. A flower which lacks sepals and pistils but has a stamen is classified as ______.
a. Incomplete, imperfect flower
b. Complete, perfect flower
c. Complete, imperfect flower
d. Incomplete, perfect flower
38. If two variables A and B are inversely proportional, which of these is NOT true?
a. When A is low, B is in high state.

b. As A increases, B also increases

c. When A increases, B decreases
d. A high A is associated with a low B.
39. Which of the following vertebrates lived on land first?
a. Reptiles
b. Mammals
c. Amphibians
d. Birds
40. It is the protective shell of the virus.
a. Nucleoid
b. Capsid
c. Plasmid
d. Viroid
41. Which of the following functions/characteristics is shared by all individuals in the animal kingdom?
a. Sexual reproduction
b. Locomotion
c. Heterotrophy
d. Segmentation
42. What is the 5th element in the periodic table?
a. Lithium
b. Beryllium
c. Boron
d. Carbon
43. Which sequence is consistent with presumed evolutionary history of animals?
a. Birds -> reptiles -> amphibians -> fishes
b. Fishes -> amphibians -> reptiles -> birds
c. Reptiles -> amphibians -> mammals -> birds
d. Reptiles -> amphibians -> birds -> mammals
44. The technology that uses plants to breakdown or concentrate toxic wastes in the soil is called:
a. Bioaccumulation
b. Bioremediation
c. Genetic engineering
d. Phytoremediation
45. New traits in population originate from a change in:
a. Gene structure
b. Gene pool
c. Number of gametes involved
d. Frequency of cell divisions
46. In a normal breathing process, inhalation happens when,
a. The diaphragm contracts and goes down as the ribcage goes upward and outward.

b. The diaphragm contracts and goes up as the rib cage goes downward and inward.
c. The diaphragm contracts and goes down as the rib cage goes downward and inward.
d. The diaphragm contracts and goes up as the rib cage goes upward and outward.
47. In the theory of natural selection, what individuals are described as being more fit than others?
a. Those that are stronger and healthier
b. Those that have better chances of surviving and producing more offspring
c. Those that are adapted to their environment
d. Those that can compete with other individuals which are also adapted to the environment
48. The chromosome mutation that occurs when a piece of one chromosome breaks off and joins to a
nonhomologous chromosome is known as _____.
a. Deletion
b. Duplication
c. Translocation
d. Nondisjunction
49. Which technology can lead to the formation of a new trait?
a. Frequent exposure to intense UV light
b. Asexual reproduction
c. Tissue culture
d. Embryo transplant
50. Which of the following is the generic name for Vitamin B2?
a. Thiamine
b. Riboflavin
c. Niacin
d. Pyridoxine
51. Which of the following observations best demonstrates the effect of technology on the evolutionary pattern of
life?
a. Fossil record shows that the explosive period of evolution of birds and mammals took place only after extinction of
the giant reptiles?
b. Geologists and paleontologists have accumulated numerous evidences that support Alfred Wegeners theory of
continental drift.
c. Natural selection tends to reduce diversity in populations
d. Many insects species are now resistant to common insecticides
52. What is the probability that a colorblind female will have a colorblind son?
a. 1
b.
c.
d.
53. It is the primary photosynthetic region of a leaf.
a. Spongy mesophyll
b. Upper epidermis

c. Palisade mesophyll
d. Lower epidermis
54. Which of the following levels of biological organization is in a decreasing order of complexity?
a. Organism -> population -> biotic community -> ecosystem -> biosphere
b. Biosphere -> ecosystem -> population -> biotic community -> organism
c. Organism -> biotic community -> ecosystem -> population -> biosphere
d. Biosphere -> ecosystem -> biotic community -> population -> organism
55. ATP is produced in ______.
a. Fermentation
b. Photosynthesis
c. Aerobic respiration
d. All of the above
56. A hypothesis becomes a theory if it is _____.
a. An improvement over a previous finding
b. A result of useful invention
c. Supported by repeated evidence
d. Tested in an experiment
57. In an ecosystem, ______ is recycled and ______ moves in a one way path.
a. Nutrient : heat
b. Matter : energy
c. ATP : energy
d. Oxygen : food
58. It is where photosynthesis occurs.
a. Sclerenchyma
b. Collenchyma
c. Parenchyma
d. Meristem
59. The following are growth changes in plants except:
a. Germination
b. Stem elongation
c. Leaf enlargement
d. Increase in root diameter
60. What is the complementary strand of RNA with a base sequence of GAG CTA?
a. CAG CTT
b. CTC GAT
c. CUC GAU
d. CTG AAG
61. The following provides a respiratory surface except:
a. Gills of a fish
b. Body surface of earthworm

c. Body surface of grasshopper

d. Skin of a frog
62. It connects bone to bone.
a. Cartilage
b. Ligament
c. Tendon
d. Fibrous
63. Which of these is an adaptation for absorbing digested food in mans tube?
a. Cardiac sphincter
b. Colon
c. Hemoglobin
d. Villus
64. Which of the following organism is classified as monocot?
a. Bamboo
b. Carrot
c. Radish
d. Turnips
65. Which of the following is an example of homeostasis?
a. We yawn when we see someone else yawn.
b. The epiglottis sometimes fails to close the glottis while drinking water.
c. We breathe faster and deeper during and after an exercise.
d. During a very hot day, some prefer cold water to cold soft drink.
66. Insect and bird wings are example of _______.
a. Homologous structures
b. Analogous structures
c. Vestigial structures
d. Complementary structures
67. Complete this sentence: In man, blood ________.
a. Cells (particularly RBC) increase in number when infection is present in body
b. Going to the lungs has high oxygen content
c. Brings oxygen to the muscles of the heart through coronary veins
d. Never leaves the blood vessels
68. Which of the following genetic disorders is a result of trisomy 21?
a. Turner syndrome
b. Triple X syndrome
c. Down syndrome
d. Klinefelters syndrome
69. Which of the following blood proteins is NOT essential for blood clotting?
a. Globulin
b. Prothrombin

c. Thromboplastinogen
d. Fibrinogen
70. Which of the following genetic disorders is an X-linked recessive?
a. Hemophilia A
b. Vitamin D- resistant rickets
c. Sickle cell anemia
d. Marfan syndrome
71. Which of the following is NOT a metabolic waste?
a. Carbon dioxide
b. Uric acid
c. Sucrose
d. Urea
72. It is a stage of death where the dead body becomes stiff and difficult to move.
a. Pallor mortis
b. Algor mortis
c. Rigor mortis
d. Livor mortis
73. Why is the liver said to play a major role in excretion?
a. It regulates the amount of glucose in the blood by converting the excess into glycogen.
b. It produces bile that emulsifies fat.
c. It regulates the amount of amino acids in the blood by converting the excess into urea.
d. Old and worn out RBCs are broken down in the liver; most of the iron from hemoglobin goes back to the bone
marrow.
74. It describes the role and space that an organism occupies in a certain ecosystem.
a. Niche
b. Habitat
c. Symbiosis
d. Predation
75. The hypothalamus controls the following EXCEPT:
a. Emotions
b. Blood pressure
c. Sppech
d. Body temperature
76. Coral reefs are made up of ______.
a. Calcium carbonate
b. Calcium bicarbonate
c. Calcium phosphate
d. Calcium silicate
77. What is the functional unit of the nervous system?
a. Brain

b. Neuron
c. Spinal cord
d. Nerves
78. These are areas where freshwater merge with the ocean.
a. Rivers
b. Streams
c. Estuaries
d. Wetlands
79. These hormones are mostly proteins EXCEPT:
a. Prolactin
b. Insulin
c. Growth hormone
d. Progesterone
80. Steppes- Asia : _______-South America
a. Havannas
b. Savannas
c. Prairies
d. Pampas
81. Which of these areas has a pivot joint?
a. Between two vertebrae
b. Between bones of the skull
c. Between the atlas and axis
d. At the shoulder girdle.
82. What is the general shape of Vibrio cholera bacteria?
a. Coccus
b. Bacillus
c. Spiral
d. Colony
83. The exact location occupied by a gene along the length of a chromosome is called _____.
a. Locus
b. Telomere
c. Chromatid
d. Centromere
84. Which of the following statement differentiates dicot from a monocot?
a. Dicot has a fibrous root system while monocot has tap root system.
b. Dicot has a circular arrangement of vascular tissues while monocot has a scattered arrangement.
c. Dicot has a parallel veins while monocot has a netted or reticulate veins.
d. Dicot consists of a multiple of 3 floral arrangement while monocot has 4 or 5.
85. Which of the following is the correct sequence in which stages of mitosis occur?
a. Prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase

b. Metaphase, anaphase, prophase, telophase

c. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
d. Telophase, metaphase, anaphase, prophase
86. Which metabolic pathway occurs both in fermentation and aerobic respiration?
a. Glycolysis
b. Krebs Cycle
c. Electron Transport Chain
d. Acetyl coenzyme A formation
87. The type of cell division that produces gametes and prepares the organism for fertilization during sexual
reproduction is called _____.
a. Mitosis
b. Meiosis
c. Cytokinesis
d. Karyokinesis
88. During Krebs Cycle, how many ATP are being produced?
a. 2 ATP
b. 4-6 ATP
c. 18 ATP
d. 24 ATP
89. It involves the alignment of double-stranded chromosomes at the equatorial plate.
a. Telophase
b. Metaphase
c. Anaphase
d. Prophase
90. Under optimum conditions, how many ATPs per glucose molecule are produced in aerobic respiration?
a. 2 ATP
b. 4 ATP
c. 32-34 ATP
d. 36-38 ATP
91. Which reproductive structure is a specialized leaf?
a. Rhizome of a ginger
b. Sucker of banana
c. Tuber of potato
d. Bulb of onion
92. He is a zoologist who contributed to the development of Cell Theory.
a. Rudolf Virchow
b. Theodor Schwann
c. Matthias Schleiden
d. Louis Pasteur

93. What parts of a flower are directly involved in sexual reproduction?

a. Stamen and sepals
b. Pistil and stamen
c. Pistil and petals
d. Petals and pollen grains
94. It refers to the evolutionary relationships and sequences of group of organisms.
a. Speciation
b. Recombination
c. Phylogenetic
d. Genetic variation
95. Where does fertilization take place in humans?
a. Oviduct
b. Ovary
c. Placenta
d. Uterus
96. Which of the following classes belongs to the Division Angiospermophyta?
a. Magnoliopsida
b. Pinophyta
c. Gnetophyta
d. Cycadophyta
97. This hormone promotes the growth of the uterine lining for implantation of the embryo.
a. Progesterone
b. Prolactin
c. Androgen
d. Oxytocin
98. Which of the following differentiates aerobic respiration from fermentation?
a. The process uses up ATP
b. Glucose is used as a substrate
c. Substrate- level phosphorylation produces ATP
d. NADH goes through the electron transport chain
99. What is the correct way of embryonic development in humans?
a. Zygote -> blastula -> gastrula -> organ formation
b. Zygote -> organ formation -> blastula -> gastrula
c. Zygote -> gastrula -> blastula -> organ formation
d. Zygote -> gastrula -> organ formation -> blastula
100. It is the site of electron transport chain (ETC).
a. Matrix
b. Inner mitochondrial membrane
c. Outer mitochondrial membrane
d. Cytoplasm

101. It is the trait that was not expressed.

a. Allele
b. Dominant
c. Recessive
d. Gene
102. In the Central Dogma, the synthesis of mRNA based on a DNA template thru base pairing is known as
_______.
a. Replication
b. Transcription
c. Protein synthesis
d. Translation
103. All of the following molecules are proteins EXCEPT:
a. Collagen
b. DNA
c. Enzymes
d. Hemoglobin
104. Which of the following is an example of artificial propagation?
a. Grafting
b. Pollen germination
c. External fertilization
d. Embryonic development
105. These are factors manipulated or intentionally varied by the experimenter.
a. Independent variable
b. Dependent variable
c. Control variable
d. Variable
106. A weather disturbance in the western part of the Atlantic Ocean.
a. Typhoon
b. Cyclone
c. Blizzard
d. Hurricane
107. The following diseases results from Vitamin D deficiency EXCEPT:
a. Osteomalacia
b. Rickets
c. Scurvy
d. None of the above.
108. It is the enzyme that unwinds DNA molecule during replication.
a. Helicase
b. RNA Polymerase I
c. DNA ligase
d. Primase

109. Red tide is caused by _______.

a. Dinoflagellates
b. Red algae
c. Diatoms
d. Protozoans
110. It is a concentrated form of energy that can be found in living organism.
a. Carbohydrates
b. Fats
c. Proteins
d. Nucleic acid
111. He is considered as the Father of Classical Genetics.
a. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
b. Gregor Mendel
c. Matthias Scleiden
d. Louis Pasteur
112. A type of symbiosis where both organisms are benefited.
a. Mutualism
b. Commensalism
c. Parasitism
d. Neutralism
113. When you eat rice, what role are you playing in the food web?
a. Producer
b. Primary consumer
c. Secondary consumer
d. Decomposer
114. What type of bond does NaCl represents?
a. Ionic bonding
b. Covalent bonding
c. Metallic bonding
d. Nuclear bonding
115. If humans and gorillas belong to the same class, then, they must also belong to the same:
a. Family
b. Genus
c. Order
d. Phylum
116. The middle of 1700s is marked by a number of contributions in the field of Biology. Who was the famous
Swedish taxonomist who classified living organisms into two kingdoms?
a. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
b. Carolus Linnaeus
c. Joseph Priestly
d. Lazarro Spanllanzani

117. Metabolic reactions that result from the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler compounds.
a. Endothermic
b. Catabolism
c. Exothermic
d. Anabolism
118. Which is not a solution?
a. Seawater
b. Gravel
c. Brass
d. Tincture of iodine
119. Which of the following is a major characteristic of Meiosis I?
a. Pairing of homologous chromosome.
b. Splitting of centromere.
c. Production of primordial cells.
d. Reduction of DNA from 2n to n
120. Why do producers occupy the base of energy pyramid?
a. They are great in number.
b. Their biomass is greatest.
c. Their chloroplasts makes them photosynthetic.
d. They have the greatest amount of energy available.
121. What will happen to the organisms of the third trophic level if the second level is eliminated?
a. Die
b. Survive
c. Reproduce more
d. Occupy the second trophic level
122. Which shows entropy?
a. Plant propagation in forest
b. Maintenance of body temperature
c. Polar caps melting
d. Usage of food for organisms survival
123. Nitrogen fixation is used to trap nitrogen gas from the atmosphere. It is important in the nitrogen cycle. Which is
NOT used in nitrogen fixation?
a. Azotobacter
b. Salmonella
c. Rhizobium
d. Anabaena
124. Viruses reproduce
a. In living cells
b. On dead organic matter
c. In waters
d. In blood plasma

125. These are solutions from killed or weakened virus that can cause artificial immunity to certain diseases.
a. Antibiotic
b. Antiviral
c. Vaccines
d. Pathogens
126. Bony fishes belongs to this group.
a. Osteichthyes
b. Chondrichthyes
c. Echinodermata
d. Mollusca
127. It is a plant hormone that stimulates cell elongation, regulates branching and organ bending.
a. Cytokinins
b. Gibberelins
c. Auxin
d. Ethylene
128. A food web is a network of interacting:
a. Food chains
b. Consumers
c. Habitats
d. Producers
129. It is substance measured in blood samples:
a. Fructose
b. Glucose
c. Sucrose
d. Glycogen
130. It is the sweetest of all sugars.
a. Glucose
b. Fructose
c. Lactose
d. Sucrose
131. He discovered the mechanism of human blood circulation.
a. Sir Alexander Fleming
b. William Harvey
c. Joseph Lister
d. Louis Pasteur
132. Food manufacturing using the energy stored in inorganic molecules.
a. Chemosynthesis
b. Autotrophic
c. Photosynthesis
d. Heterotrophic

133. The Theory of Biogenesis by Virchow states that:

a. All living things are made up of cells.
b. The cell is the fundamental unit of life
c. Cells come from preexisting cells.
d. Cells undergoes division to ensure species perpetuation.
134. Which organisms show colonial in structure?
a. Diatoms
b. Euglena
c. Volvox
d. Amoeba
135. Out of 20 amino acids, how many are essential?
a. 9
b. 10
c. 11
d. 12
136. The lowest level at which evolution operates is the
a. Cell
b. Genus
c. Organism
d. Population
137. The largest category in the hierarchy of classification is the _____.
a. Kingdom
b. Phylum
c. Class
d. Order
138. The locomotory structure of amoeba is ______.
a. Cilia
b. Flagellate
c. Pseudopodia
d. They are nonmotile.
139. Dicots are characterized by having a ______.
a. Tap root system
b. Scattered vascular bundle
c. Parallel veins
d. Multiple of 3 floral arrangement
140. Sponges belongs to Phylum ______.
a. Cnidarian
b. Porifera
c. Platyhelminthes
d. Nematode

For numbers 141-143, tell which of the following scientific traits is being described:
a. Decision making
b. Truthfulness
c. Critical thinking
d. Problem solving
141. Admitting errors in the experiment
142. Analyzing arguments
143. Analyzing courses of action
144. Which is the correct sequence of events in the sexual reproduction of flowering plants?
I- Development of gametes
II- Fertilization
III- Fruit development
IV- Pollination
V- Seed germination
a. I-II-III-IV-V
b. I-IV-II-V-III
c. I-IV-II-III-V
d. III-V-I-II-IV
145. Mitochondria and nuclear membrane are NOT present in cells or organisms belonging to Kingdom _______.
a. Fungi
b. Monera
c. Protists
d. Archea
For numbers 146-150, study the problem below then answer the succeeding questions.
Pedro was asked to design an experiment. The task was to test the effect of artificial fertilizer to the growing plants.
He came up with this experimental design. He had Brand A, B, and C for fertilizers. On the other hand, he had
mongo plant, corn plant and rice plant. To the mongo plant, he put 1 tbsp of Brand A fertilizer. To the corn plant, he
put 2 tbsp of Brand B fertilizer and 3 tbsp of Brand C fertilizer.
146. What is the control group?
a. The mongo plant with 1 tbsp Brand A fertilizer.
b. The corn plant with 2 tbsp Brand B fertilizer.
c. The rice plant with 3 tbsp Brand C fertilizer.
d. Not enough information.
147. What is the dependent variable?
a. The effect of fertilizers to the plants.
b. The amount of fertilizers administered to the plants.
c. The brand of fertilizers.
d. The type of plants.

148. Is there any defect in the design?

a. Yes, there is, but was compensated with the use of three types of fertilizers.
b. Yes, there is, there are many defects in the design.
c. No, the design answers the problem about the effect of fertilizers.
d. No, the design is crafted in a simple manner.
149. What is defective with Pedros design?
a. There was no problem to be solve.
b. The materials used are measured inconsistently.
c. There are many independent variables.
d. There is no testable hypothesis.
150. How can the experimental design be improved?
I- Focus on one independent variable for a single problem.
II- Use the same brand of fertilizer.
III- Make sure that the administration of fertilizer be measured accurately according to the design.
a. I only
b. I and II
c. I and III
d. I, II and III
God bless you! smile emoticon