Organ /

body
part
Mons
veneris
estucheon

Size

Shape

Location

Function

The size of the mons

pubis varies with the
level of hormone and
body fat, and it is more
apparent in females.[1]
[3] After puberty

rounded = mass of fatty tissue

eminence that becomes hairy
after puberty

It is directly anterior and superior to the

symphysis pubis situated over the pubic
symphysis of the pubic bone

1. The mons pubis forms

the anterior portion of
the vulva.
2. Hair over it protect
symphysis pubis.

Labia
majora

Each labium majus is

approximately 7 to 8cm in
length and 2 to 3cm in width.
The size of the labia is related
to fat content. Usually the labia
atrophy after menopause

The labia majora are two large,

longitudinal, cutaneous folds of
adipose and fibrous tissue The
skin of the outer convex surface
of the labia majora is pigmented
and covered with hair follicles.
The thin skin of the inner surface
does not have hair follicles but
has many sebaceous glands

The labia extend from the mons pubis

anteriorly to become lost in the skin
between the vagina and the anus in the
area of the posterior fourchette.

Labia
monora

Inner lips vary widely in

size, color, and shape
from female to female.

are two small, red cutaneous

folds flaps of skin on either
side of the human vaginal
opening,

situated between the labia majora

(outer labia, or outer lips).

Histologically the labia

majora have both sweat and
sebaceous glands.The
apocrine glands are similar
to those of the breast and
axillary areas.
contains the labia minora,
interlabial sulci, clitoral
hood, clitoral glans,
frenulum clitoridis, the Hart's
Line, and the vulval
vestibule, which contains the
external openings of the
urethra and the vagina.
The main function of the
labia minora is to lubricate
the skin around the genitals
and provide bactericidal
secretions to help protect
against infections.

Some women have labia minora

that protrude past their labia
majora, while others will lie
totally inside the labia majora.
Both are normal and do not
affect the way they function.

they are more delicate, shorter,

and thinner than the labia
majora.

The inner lips extend from

the clitoris obliquely downward, laterally,
and backward on either side of the vulval
vestibule, ending between the bottom of
the vulval vestibule and the outer lips.
The posterior ends (bottom) of the inner
lips are usually joined across the middle
line by a fold of skin, named the frenulum

labiorum pudendi or fourchette.

Organ /
body
part
Clitoris
prepuce
frenulum

Size

size and sensitivity can

vary

Vestibule
( fourchee
t)

introitus

An entrance that goes

into a canal or hollow
organ. The vaginal orifice
is an introitus.

Shape

Location

Function

is a small projection of
erectile tissue in the vulva
of the female reproductive
system

Near the front junction of the labia

minora (inner lips), above the
opening of the urethra.

is the area enclosed by

the labia minora and is
usually only visible when
the labia (or lips) are
parted

is the lowest portion of the embryonic

urogenital sinus. It is the cleft between the
labia minora that is visualized when the
labia are held apart.
The vestibule extends from the clitoris to
the posterior fourchette.

The hymen is a
membrane of tissue that
surrounds or partially
covers the vaginal
opening

is at the caudal end of the vulva,

behind the opening of the urethra,
resting at the posterior end of the
vestibule.

It contains thousands of
nerve endings and very rich
blood that make it an
extremely sensitive organ
when it is touched and
stimulated, the woman
becomes aroused, as it fills
with blood and becomes firm
and erect, producing sexual
enjoyment.
The vestibule contains the vaginal
opening. At the base of the vaginal
opening are two pea-sized glands
known as 'Bartholin's glands'. These
are positioned on either side of the
vaginal opening.
These glands secrete fluid for
lubrication during sexual arousal, to
allow the entrance of the vagina to
be moist, so that the penis may
enter more easily during intercourse
which is a sex organ and
mainly functions for the
facilitation of sexual
intercourse and childbirth.

Urethra
Meatus

The female urethra measures

3.5 to 5cm in length.
The distal orifice is 4 to 6mm in
diameter

Bartholin's
glands

the size of a pea

is the external opening of the

tube (urethra) which is a
membranous conduit for urine
from the urinary bladder to the
vestibule.

the meatus is located between the

clitoris and the vagina in the
vulvular vestibule of the female
genitalia

It is the point at which urine

ejected.

are vulvovaginal glands that are

located immediately beneath the
fascia.

Bartholin's glands secrete

mucus to provide vaginal
lubrication. Bartholin's
glands secrete relatively
minute amounts of fluid
when a woman is sexually
aroused.[5] The minute
droplets of fluid were once
believed to be important for
lubricating the vagina

on the posterolateral aspect of the vaginal

orifice.
Bartholin's ducts open into a groove
between the hymen and the labia minora.

Organ /
body
part
Skene's
gland

Perineal
body

Size

Shape

Location

tubular glands

is found between the

vagina and anus, and
about 1.25 cm in front of
the latter.

is a pyramidal fibromuscular
mass

glands located on the anterior wall

of the vagina around the lower end
of the urethra. They are
homologous with the prostate
gland in males.[2] The Skene's
ducts are a pair of ducts leading
from the Skene's glands to the
surface of the vulva, to the left and
right of the urethral opening.
is the area between the opening of the
vagina and the anus.

Function

are the source of female

ejaculation.

The perineal body is made of

strong, flexible muscles
covered by skin. The
muscles intermingle with
elastic fibres and connective
tissue in a unique way to
achieve a remarkable
amount of flexibility. This
enables the perineum to
stretch during childbirth, as

Hymen

Vary in size

thin, usually perforated

membrane at the entrance of the
vagina.
There are many variations in the
structure and shape of the
hymen

is a membrane that surrounds or

partially covers the external
vaginal opening

a baby's head presses

against it, and pushes past
it, to be born.
The perineal body is
essential for the integrity of
the pelvic floor, particularly
in females.
Typically, the hymen has an
opening the size of finger
or the size of a small
tampon. For passing of
menstrual blood

It has an opening that can

be of any size it can be
thin or thick.

Organ /
body
part
Vagina

Size

Shape

Location

Function

The length is
approximately 7.5 cm
across the anterior wall
(front), and 9 cm long
across the posterior wall.
the vagina stretches to
become several inches
longer and many inches
wider during sexual
intercourse and
childbirth.

is a fibromuscular elastic
tubular tract (passage).
The vagina's internal
lining consists of stratified
squamous epithelium.
Beneath this lining is a
smooth muscle layer,
which may contract
during vaginal intercourse
and when giving birth.
The inner surface of the
vagina is folded to
provide greater elasticity

is an elastic, muscular tube

connecting the cervix of the uterus
to the vulva and exterior of the
body. The vagina is located in the
pelvic body cavity posterior to the
urinary bladder and anterior to the
rectum.

Which is a sex organ and

mainly functions for the
facilitation of sexual
intercourse and childbirth.
Receptacle for the penis and
carries sperm to the uterus
and fallopian tubes.
Provides a passageway for
menstrual flow from the
uterus to exit the body
during menstruation.

and to increase friction

during sexual intercourse.

Vaginal
fornix

It refers to any one of the

deepest sections of the
vagina that extends into
the recesses formed by
the vaginal region of the
cervix.

deepest sections of the vagina that

extends into the recesses formed
by the vaginal region of the cervix.

Stimulation of the fornices

has been reported to
enhance sexual pleasure for
some women.

posterior
cul-de-sac

approximately 1 to 3 ml

it is the deepest point of the peritoneal

cavity, posterior to (behind) the uterus
and anterior to (in front of) rectum.

Fluid and pus collection in

inflammation.

Rectovagi
nal
septum

Organ /
body
part
Uterus

normally a tough, fibrous,

sheet-like divider

Size

Shape

About 3 in. (7.6 cm) long,

4.5 cm broad (side to
side) and 3.0 cm thick
(anteroposterior). A
nonpregnant adult uterus
weighs about 60 grams.

The human uterus is pearshaped.

The uterus can be
divided anatomically into
four segments: The
fundus, corpus, cervix and
the internal os.

is a thin structure separating the

vagina and the rectum.
layer of areolar tissue between the
vagina anteriorly and the rectum
posteriorly, and superior to the
perineal body and inferior to the
rectouterine pouch of peritoneum;

Location

The uterus is located inside the

pelvis immediately dorsal (and
usually somewhat rostral) to the
urinary bladder and ventral to the
rectum.

the four main forms in which it

Function

The uterus is essential in

sexual response by directing
blood flow to the pelvis and
to the external genitalia,
including the ovaries,
vagina, labia, and clitoris.
The reproductive function of
the uterus is to accept a
fertilized ovum.

The fertilized ovum becomes

an embryo, attaches to a
wall of the uterus.

is found are:
Duplex, Bipartite,
Bicornuate, Simplex

Corpus
luteum

The size of the structure

ranges from under 2 cm to
5 cm in diameter.

Fundus

is usually measured in
pregnancy. It is the
length from pubic bone to
the top of uterus. It has
specific value according
to time of pregnancy and
any change in length can
indicate abnormality in
pregnancy, which
requires further
investigation by
Ultrasound etc.

The yellow color is a

temporary endocrine
structure like that of the
macula lutea of the retina,
is due to its concentration
of certain carotenoids,
especially lutein.

Fundus of the Uterus is the upper

flat or dome like part of Uterus.

The corpus luteum is

essential for establishing
and maintaining pregnancy
in females. The corpus
luteum secretes
progesterone, which is a
steroid hormone responsible
for the decidualization of the
endometrium (its
development) and
maintenance, respectively.
and moderate levels of
estradiol and inhibin A.
Fundus of the Uterus is
usually the place where egg
implants.

are the points where the uterus

and the fallopian tubes meet,
They are one of the points of
attachment for the round ligament
of uterus

uterine
horns
Organ /
body
part

develops from an ovarian follicle

during the luteal phase of the
menstrual cycle or oestrous cycle,
following the release of a
secondary oocyte from the follicle
during ovulation.

Size

Shape

Location

Function

Uterine
isthmus

7 mm thick
2.5 CM long
2.5 MM diameter

the inferior-posterior part of

uterus, on its cervical end here
the uterine muscle (myometrium)
is narrower and thinner. It
connects superiorly-anteriorly to
the complementary parts of the
uterus: the body and the fundus.
is the lower narrower part of the
uterus continuous above with the
broader upper partor bodyof
the uterus

Cervix

cervix is usually between

2 and 3 cm long

roughly round in shape

endocervi
cal canal

projects about 2
centimetres into the
upper vaginal cavity

is the spindle-shaped, flattened

canal of the cervix, the neck of
the uterus.

It communicates with the uterine

cavity via the internal orifice of the
uterus, and with the vagina via the
external orifice.

Fallopian
tubes

about 10 centimetres

are two very fine tubes

interstitial
portion

2.5 CM length
1 MM diameter

Tube shape

Are two very fine tubes lined with

ciliated epithelia, leading from the
ovaries of female mammals into
the uterus, via the utero-tubal
junction.
Within the wall of uterus

Fertility: The cervical canal is

a pathway through which
sperm enter the uterus after
sexual intercourse.
Cervical mucus: Several
hundred glands in the
endocervix produce 20
60 mg of cervical mucus
a day.
Childbirth: The cervix
plays a major role in
childbirth.
Contraception: Several
methods of contraception
involve the cervix
Transports sperm into the
uterine cavity, allows the escape
of blood.
Fertilization: When an oocyte
is developing in an ovary, it
is encapsulated in a
spherical collection of cells
known as an ovarian follicle.

Organ /
body
part
Ampulla

Size

6 MM diameter
5 CM length

Shape

Location

Tube shape

fimbriate
d
extremity

Function

is the second portion of the fallopian tube

It is an intermediate dilated
portion, which curves over the
ovary.

It is the most common site

of mouse and human
fertilization.

is a fringe of tissue around the ostium of

the Fallopian tube, in the direction of the
ovary.

An ovary is not directly

connected to its adjacent
Fallopian tube. When
ovulation is about to occur,
the sex hormones activate
the fimbriae, causing it to
swell with blood and hit the
ovary in a gentle, sweeping
motion. An oocyte is
released from the ovary into
the peritoneal cavity and the
cilia of the fimbriae sweep
the ovum into the Fallopian
tube.
Ovulation: ovary takes turns
releasing an egg each month.
Hormones: Ovaries
secrete estrogen,
testosterone and
progesterone.
The rectum acts as a
temporary storage site for
feces.

Ovaries

It is about 4 cm x 3 cm x
2 cm in size.

often found in pairs

Each one is whitish in color and located

alongside the lateral wall of the uterus in
a region called the ovarian fossa. The
fossa usually lies beneath the external
iliac artery and in front of the ureter and
the internal iliac artery.

rectum

about 12 centimetres
(4.7 in) long

Component of the lower

gastrointestinal tract

is the final straight portion of the large

intestine begins at the rectosigmoid
junction and followed by the anal canal

Bladder

Almost impossible to give

an exact measurement
for the volume of the
human bladder, but
different sources mention

Hollow muscular, and

distensible (or elastic)
organ

on the pelvic floor, bladder is derived in

embryo from the urogenital sinus and, it is
initially continuous with the allantois

Urine excreted by the

kidneys, collects in the
bladder before disposal by
urination. The urinary
bladder usually holds 300-

500 mL to 1000 mL.

350 ml of urine. As urine

accumulates, the rugae
flatten and the wall of the
bladder thins as it stretches,
allowing the bladder to store
larger amounts of urine
without a significant rise in
internal pressure.