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STRUCTURAL DESIGN

Ni is the Standard Penetration Resistance (ASTM D 1586)

not to exceed 100 blows/foot (328 blows/m) as directly
measured in the field without corrections. When refusal is
met for a rock layer, Ni shall be taken as 100 blows/foot (328
blows/m).

1613.5.4 Design spectral response acceleration parameters. Five-percent damped design spectral response acceleration at short periods, SDS, and at 1-second period, SD1, shall
be determined from Equations 16-38 and 16-39, respectively:

2
SDS = SMS
3

(Equation 16-38)
N=

2
SD1 = SM1
3

(Equation 16-39)

di

i
=1
n

di

N
i
i =1

where Ni and di in Equation 16-41 are for cohesionless soil,

cohesive soil and rock layers.

where:
SMS = The maximum considered earthquake spectral
response accelerations for short period as determined in Section 1613.5.3.
SM1 = The maximum considered earthquake spectral
response accelerations for 1-second period as
determined in Section 1613.5.3.

ds
di

N
i
i =1

N ch =

(Equation 16-42)

where:
m

di = ds

1613.5.5 Site classification for seismic design. Site classification for Site Class C, D or E shall be determined from
Table 1613.5.5.

=1

Use di and Ni for cohesionless soil layers only in Equation

16-42.

The notations presented below apply to the upper 100 feet

(30 480 mm) of the site profile. Profiles containing distinctly different soil and/or rock layers shall be subdivided
into those layers designated by a number that ranges from 1
to n at the bottom where there is a total of n distinct layers in
the upper 100 feet (30 480 mm). The symbol i then refers to
any one of the layers between 1 and n.

ds = The total thickness of cohesionless soil layers in the

top 100 feet (30 480 mm).
m = The number of cohesionless soil layers in the top 100
feet (30 480 mm).
sui = The undrained shear strength in psf (kPa), not to
exceed 5,000 psf (240 kPa), ASTM D 2166 or D
2850.

where:
vsi = The shear wave velocity in feet per second (m/s).
di = The thickness of any layer between 0 and 100 feet
(30 480 mm).

su =

where:

where:

vs =

(Equation 16-41)

dc
di

s
i =1 ui
k

(Equation 16-43)

di
i =1
n

di = dc

i
=1

(Equation 16-40)

di

v
i =1 si

dc = The total thickness of cohesive soil layers in the top

100 feet (30 480 mm).
k = The number of cohesive soil layers in the top 100 feet
(30 480 mm).
PI = The plasticity index, ASTM D 4318.

di = 100 feet (30 480 mm)

i =1

TABLE 1613.5.5
SITE CLASSIFICATIONa
SITE CLASS

vs

N or N ch

su

< 600 ft/s

< 15

< 1,000 psf

600 to 1,200 ft/s

15 to 50

1,000 to 2,000 psf

1,200 to 2,500 ft/s

> 50

> 2,000

For SI: 1 foot per second = 304.8 mm per second, 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479kN/m2.
a. If the su method is used and the N ch and su criteria differ, select the category with the softer soils (for example, use Site Class E instead of D).

2009 INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODE

342

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