Eng 101 SS15

Apostrophes, commas, semicolons, colons

Causal reading discussion

Eng101_SS15
Apostrophes

Apostrophe
Only
1.
2.

2 uses
ownership
omission

Apostrophe - Ownership
Use

possessive nouns to show that

someone owns something
That is the nose of Mary.
That is Marys nose.
Those are the toes of Gary.
Those are Garys toes.

Apostrophe - Ownership
Use

posessive nouns to show that

someone owns something
Moses tablets
Achilles heel
Jesus parables or Jesuss parables

Apostrophe - Ownership
If

2 people own the same thing, use an

apostrophe s for only the second
person
The marriage of Jim and Mimi
Jim and Mimis marriage
The father of Kate and Meg
Kate and Megs father

Apostrophe - Ownership
If

2 people do not own the same thing,

use an apostrophe s for both people
The toes of Jim and Mimi
Jims and Mimis toes
The teeth of Kate and Meg
Kates and Megs teeth

Apostrophe - Ownership
If

the noun is already plural (boys) just

add an apostrophe
One boy and one car
The boys car
Two boys and two cars
The boys cars

Apostrophe - Omission
Use

an apostrophe to indicate missing

letters or numbers
10 oclock
93
Lets
Its

Apostrophe - Omission
Use

an apostrophe to indicate missing

letters or numbers
Both boys and girls are invited to try
out for the swim team.
Tomatos are for sale.
I grew up in the 1990s.
There are three 9s on this page.

Apostrophe - Omission
The

rule about letters and

apostrophes...
Mississippi is spelled with four ss, four
Is, and two ps.

Commas

Commas
6 basic rules
1. Separate items in lists of 3+
2. Before a coordinating conjunction
3. Around information that is not
essential to the meaning of the
sentence (this covers 9 rules)
4. Between consecutive adjectives
5. Omissions
6. Conventions

Commas
Separate items in lists of 3+
Please buy eggs milk bread and cereal at
the store.
*MLA uses the Oxford comma (APA &
AP do not)
I like playing tennis rollerblading and
trying to beat my dad at putt-putt.
1.

Commas
2. Before a coordinating conjunction
My sisters name is Lily and my brothers
name is Lucus.
I rushed home and I finished my homework
before soccer practice.
I am very good in Spanish, and in French.

Commas
3. Around information that is not essential to
the meaning of the sentence (this covers 9
rules)
After conjunctive adverbs
After introductory phrases & clauses
Before and/or after an interjection
Before and/or after Latin abbreviations (e.g.)
Before and after parenthetical expressions
When adjectives come after a noun
With titles when they come after persons
name
Before and after appositives
Around a direct address

Commas
3. Around information that is not essential
to the meaning of the sentence (this
covers 8 rules)
I didnt study very much; nevertheless I made
a good grade.
Since my mother forgot to pack me a dessert
I ate your cookie.
Laney ran fast and got home before her
mother.
My English teacher kind of heart and
generous of spirit will surely give me an A
if I learn all these comma rules.

Commas
3. Around information that is not
essential to the meaning of the
sentence (this covers 8 rules)
Ive told you twice boys and girls to do
your homework.
Wow what a beautiful dress.
I love sports e.g. baseball basketball and
football.
They usually cost if you get a good deal
about $200.

Commas
3. Around information that is not
essential to the meaning of the
sentence (this covers 8 rules)
Arith Metic Ph.D. is my math teacher.
Katie Stevens the best ballerina in the
performance shone as the star of the
evening.

Commas
4. Between consecutive adjectives
It was a dark cold dreary night.
*the and test
I bought some expensive and stylish and
white tennis shoes.
I bought some expensive, stylish white shoes.
*use a comma when you could switch the
order of the adjectives and the sentence
still sound okay
I wore tennis blue shoes.
I wore blue tennis shoes.
*Do NOT put a comma before the noun.
I ate a beautiful, ripe, delicious, firm, apple.

Commas
5. Omissions
I ordered chicken; Amanda fish.

Tonight I will study math; tomorrow

Spanish.

Commas
6. Conventions
Between cities and states
In numbers over 999 (not in
addresses)
Direct quotations (he/she said)
Dates
After greetings and before closings in
friendly letters

The Good Doctor...

Today, more and more Americans attempt to
find a good nights sleep in a pill bottle. In
fact, the CDC reports that nine million
Americans rely on prescriptions, similar to
Ambien or Lunesta, to find a good nights
sleep. WebMD lists sleep-driving as a sideeffect of prescription sleep aids. The warning,
appearing on the Benadryl bottle, indicates
that users should not operate heavy
machinery; however, people drive around
town asleep while influenced by these drugs!
If sleep-driving was not scary enough, the
British Medical Journal published a study
showing individuals who utilize prescription
sleep aids tend to have a higher death rate;
in fact, the death rate is four times higher
than people who do not use sleep aids!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bpIbdZhrzA

;:

Semicolon use between two

complete sentences that are closely
related
My

family is Jewish. We celebrate Chanukah

but not Christmas.
My family is Jewish; we celebrate Chanukah
but not Christmas.
I

like pie; however, I like pizza more.

My

family is Jewish; not Christian.

Semicolon use between two

complete sentences that are closely
related

My dad is a coach at the university. We get free tickets to any

sports event we want to see.

My dad is a coach at the university. We have some cousins who

live in Texas.

I have three dogs, and two of them are golden retrievers.

I have three dogs; and two of them are golden retrievers.

NEVER USE A SEMICOLON WITH A COORDINATING

CONJUNCTION!!!

Semicolon use in lists already

containing internal punctuation

We saw Meg, captain of the basketball team, Avery,

captain of the tennis team, Ryan, captain of the crew, and
Archer, captain of the volleyball team.

We saw Meg, captain of the basketball team; Avery,

captain of the tennis team; Ryan, captain of the crew; and
Archer, captain of the volleyball team.

He ate a baked potato with sour cream, cheese, and

bacon; a steak with A-1 steak sauce, caramelized onions,
and mushrooms; and ice cream with whipped cream, fudge,
and jimmies.

Semicolon use in lists already

containing internal punctuation

He ate a baked potato with sour cream, cheese, and

bacon, a steak with A-1 steak sauce, caramelized
onions, and mushrooms, and ice cream with whipped
cream, fudge, and jimmies.

He ate a baked potato with sour cream, cheese, and

bacon; a steak with A-1 steak sauce, caramelized
onions, and mushrooms; and ice cream with whipped
cream, fudge, and jimmies.

Semicolon use in lists already

containing internal punctuation

I love the words brouhaha, googaloo, and

flabbergasted, the names Vanessa, Charlotte, and
Cassandra, the states Idaho, and Illinois, but not the
foods anchovies, olives, and eggplant.

I love the words brouhaha, googaloo, and

flabbergasted; the names Vanessa, Charlotte, and
Cassandra; the states Idaho, and Illinois; but not the
foods anchovies, olives, and eggplant.

Colon
A complete sentence ALWAYS
comes before

After

the colon is either another

complete sentence...
This sentence is grammatically correct: I
wonder if wolves actually wolf down their
pizzas the way I wolf down mine.
or a list.
I want to travel to the following countries:
Brazil, Peru, Greece, Russia, and Australia.

Colon (Good or Bad)

A complete sentence ALWAYS
comes before

These

are the ingredients: flour, eggs, sugar,

milk, and chocolate.

Theres

only one sport for me: alligator

wrestling.

want to see the new ninja movie: and the

new Spider-Man movie, too.

Colon Disclaimer...kinda
if the first word after a colon begins a
complete sentence, that word can be
capitalized or lowercase. Both are correct.

Im

sure you know the old saying about

apples: an apple a day keeps the doctor
away.

Im

sure you know the old saying about

apples: An apple a day keeps the doctor
away.

Reading discussion

Eng101SP15

Freewriting
Given a topic
Write for given time
Do not stop writingif you get
stuck, pick a word and just keep
writing it until your next thought
comes through

Freewriting

In what ways can causal essays impact

readers?

Write the question.

Answer the question. How does it line up
with one of the readings? Why?

Purpose
Kam, Pamela
Patterns
Chad, Anthony, Ce-Ce
Reasoning Errors
Blanche, Grace, Unique
Ethics
Ryan, Karen, Misty

Jigsaw!
Meet in the following groups. Share your
knowledge of your previously assigned
element with the group.The purpose is
for all group members to fully
understand all of the elements in each
of the readings.

Causal Analysis

Choose ONE of the readings

Write a 3-4 page essay discussing the
effectiveness of the authors causation
techniques

Writing process; MLA format

Introduction
Body paragraphs
Conclusion
Grammar & mechanics

(optional) Rough draft conferences Tuesday

7/21
Peer review rough drafts Wednesday 7/22
Final copy due Thursday 7/23

For Tuesday...

Optional conferences

For Wednesday...

Rough draft essay #3 (causal) due