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I. INTRODUCTION
The innovations in the automobile industry over the last
hundred years have made our vehicles more powerful,
easier to drive and control, safer, more energy efficient,
and more environmentally friendly. Yet, when multiple
factors are taken into account personal vehicles are not
necessarily the most economical or efficient form of
transportation for personal urban transportation.
Considering the common use of vehicles for personal
urban mobility, todays cars lack flexibility in design,
they are not built to specification, have large footprint in
physical size and take up large real state in road and
parking space [1]. Future technological advancements
will be expected to address these challenges and build
vehicles with efficient electric drive systems, wireless
communication capability with other vehicles on the
road and the roadway infrastructure, and information
technology to provide improved navigation, fuel
efficiency, safety, and traffic management functions.
The national highway traffic safety administration
reported that in 2009 motor vehicle accidents in the
United States resulted in the death of over 33,000
V. VEHICULAR COMMUNICATION
SYSTEMS
This is an emerging area where by vehicles and roadside
units communicate for efficient and cooperative
operation by forming a network of distributed nodes
passing information around using radio communication.
Such radio communication based systems can operate
beyond the line of sight constraints of radar and vision
solutions presented above; thus, vehicles and
infrastructure can cooperate to perceive potentially
dangerous situation in an extended space and time
horizon [22]. Connected vehicles can help create the
underlying infrastructure for intelligent transportation
system to provide various application services for
improving safety and comfort.
A common trend for adoption of vehicular
communication technology is the use of wireless LAN
adapted for mobile vehicular applications. The
upcoming IEEE 801.11p standard is an amendment to
VI. CONCLUSION
This paper presented a review of the technology
advancements that are leading the way in the realization
of intelligent transportation systems. ITS is shown to
offer great opportunities in maximizing utilization of
roadways, while minimizing fuel consumption,
congestions, and the environmental impact of vehicle
traffic. Traditional sensing systems for in-vehicle and
roadway infrastructure deployments, as well as the
wireless sensor networking technologies have been
explored. The WSN solution offers ultra-low power
sensing and communication technology, reduced
installation and maintenance cost, greater flexibility,
better adaptable and scalable mesh networking, and
years of operation on battery power. We anticipate
further improvements of the ITS technology and
vehicular communication systems, and expect adoptions
at greater scales in the coming years.
(a)
(c)
(b)
Fig 1: (a) Groundhog G-8 magnetometer and road-weather sensor, (b) SensysTM wireless sensor,
(c) Dust Networks SmartMesh
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