10281037

()

Vygotsky
the zone of proximal developmentZPD

peer tutoring, peer coaching, peer facilitation

5%
10%
20%
30%

50%

75%

90%

* National Training Laboratory Bethel Maine

 ?
3.

2.

1.
10.

9.

4.
5.

6.

8.

7.

10

11


Essential elements of cooperative learning

students work in small teams

mixed-ability/traits teams

positive interdependence
individual accountability
equal opportunity for success
() reinforce social skills

12


Team composition

high average low average

low

high

13


Positive interdependence








/
14


Individual accountability

independent test

signatures on team paper

15


Equal opportunity for success

individual improvement points

achievement-matched tournaments

achievement-matched materials

16


1.

establish base score, an estimate of general

performance level. e.g. six week average;
average of 3 quizzes
2.
subtract base score from quiz score
17


3. assign improvement points

10
0 < 10
10
> 10

30
30
20
10
0

18


4.

25
20
15

super team
great team
good team

19

20

21

22

23

24

()

()

45

25


Cognitive
Apprenticeship

STAD

Reciprocal Teaching

Jigsaw-II

mastery learning

T>s

Paired Learning

Phillips-66

sharing &
discussion

Ts

inquiry learning
t<S

Brainstorming

Jigsaw

()
Learning Community

26

Learning
Together

Group
Investigation

Problem-based
Learning

27

28

29

30

85

102851

(720
131)

31


3.

2.

1.

(3)

7.

6.

32

4.()

(
)

5.

101133

33

102

102936

851(720131)

85

()+()112
1
1.
2.
3.
+4
604131735

7068185
34

23
24
1

1
6

1
1
1
8

1
2

5
70

-102

4
54
93%
6
100%
5
28
54%
41
100%
12
3
94%
1
100%
6
36
67%
22
100%
20
100%
100%
8
47%
19
100%
12
32%
26
100%
13
79
98%
2
100%
15
20
84%
7
100%
4
31
100%
100%
4
33
97%
2
100%
3
92%
1
100%
7
19
96%
1
100%
19
58
97%
2
100%
95
100%
100%
2
12
100%
100%
41
100%
100%
1
27
100%
100%
14
10
100%
1
100%
11
9
100%
100%
5
100%
100%
100%
100%
1 116
604
86%
131
100%

35

a
b3

89
98
17
66
20
34
38
94
43
36
40
12
27
79
100
14
41
28
25
25
5
5
936

102

98%
1b
63
a
b
89%
1 +7
66
b
94%
1
15
a
b
91%
2 +4
58
0
100%
20
b
93%
2
25
2a+4b
84%
32
0
100%
94
0
100%
42
97%
1b
34
0
100%
39
a
75%
1
3
0
100%
27
a
b
1 +4
94%
74
0
100%
97
0
100%
14
a
b
95%
1 +1
39
96%
1b
26
0
100%
24
b
95%
1
19
0
100%
5
a
b
8 +27
816
96%

http://www.coop.ntue.edu.tw/index.php

36

37

()

38

grouping method

common planning time

cooperative learning

lesson study

learning community

professional learning
community

community of learners
39

40

1.

5.

2.

6.

3.

7.

8.

4.

9.
41

1.

42

2.

43

3.

44

4.

high

high average
low average

low

45

4.

2~4

()

46

4.

47

5. ?

4-6

48

6. ? ()

1
?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.

1.
2.

1.
2.
3.
93p.35
49

6. ?

50

..
..

51

7. ?

52

(a)

(b)

2
53

8. ?

54

9. ?

3.

2.

4.

1.
10.

9.

8.

7.

55

5.

6.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
O X

1

1
93p.35
56


1.
2.
3.

57

1.

58

2.

()

59

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
O X

93p.35

60


1.

2.
3.

61

62

?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
63

I. ?

64

II.

65

III.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

66

III.()

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

67

IV.

1.
2.

1.T(T-chart)
2.
1.
2.
1.

3.

2.
3.

4.

68

V.

T(T-chart)

69

70

1.

71

2.

72

3.

__

73

4.

______

__

74

5.

___

75

6.

___
___

76

7.

77

8.

78

9.

__()

__()

79

10.

80

Teaching Social Skills/

Kiernan, L. J. (producer), Wurzburg, G., & Goodwin, T. C. (directors). (1990).

Cooperative learning series[VHS]. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision
and Curriculum Development.
81

1~3

82

83

84

1.
2

1.
2.
3.
85

1.()

86

1.()

87

1.()

88

1.()

89

2.(Learning Together)

90

2.(Learning Together) ()

1.

2.

3.

4.

1.
2.
91

2.(Learning Together) ()

92

2.(Learning Together) ()
55-59

93

2.(Learning Together) ()
3.3

94

2.(Learning Together) ()

95

2.(Learning Together) ()

96

2.(Learning Together) ()
(10)

97

2.(Learning Together) ()

1.
2.
3.

4.

98

3.
(Student Teams-Achievement Divisions, STAD)

99

3.STAD) ()

1.

2.

3.

4.

100

3.STAD) ()

101

3.STAD) ()

102

3.STAD) ()

103

3.STAD) ()
STAD

104

3.STAD) ()
STAD excel

105

3.STAD) ()

1.
2.
3.
4.

106

4.(Jigsaw)

4-6

107

4.Jigsaw )

1.

2.

3.

4.

108

4.Jigsaw()

()()

109

4.Jigsaw ) ()

110

4.Jigsaw-II)

4-6

1.
2.
3.

111

4.Jigsaw-II)()

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
STAD
6.

STAD
112

4.Jigsaw-II)()
1.

2.
113

4.Jigsaw-II)()

114

4.Jigsaw-II)()

115

4.Jigsaw-II)()

116

4.Jigsaw-II)()

117

4.Jigsaw-II)()

118

4.Jigsaw-II)()

119

4.Jigsaw-II)()

120

4.Jigsaw)

121

4.Jigsaw-Easy
A1

A2

A1

A2

B1

B2

B1

B2

C1

C2

C1

C2

1.
2.
122

5.(Group Investigation)

4~6

1.
2.
3.
123

5.(Group Investigation) ()

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

1.
2.

6.

1.
2.

124

5.(Group Investigation) ()

125

125

5.(Group Investigation) ()

126

126

5.(Group Investigation) ()

127

5.(Group Investigation) ()

128

5.(Group Investigation) ()

129

5.(Group Investigation) ()

130

5.(Group Investigation) ()

()

131

5.(Group Investigation) ()

132

5.(Group Investigation) ()

133

5.(Group Investigation) ()

134

5.(Group Investigation) ()
vs.

135

5.(Group Investigation) ()

136

5.(Group Investigation) ()

1.
2.
3.

137

137

138

139

140

141

3-5

142

143

144

A-1-1
A-1
A

A-2
A-2-1(2-4)

A-3-1()
A-3
A-3-2
A-3-3

B
B-1-1()

B-1-2
B-1
B-1-3

B-1-4

B-1-5

145

B-2-1
B-2
B B-2-2
B-2-3()

B-3-1

B-3

________________
________________

146

C
C-1-1/

C-1-2
C-1

C-1-3

147

1.

2.

3.

148

 ()

()

1.
1.
2.(STAD)

3.
4.(LT)
5.(Jigsaw)
6.(GI)
7.
()_________________________

149

1-2 3-5 6-8 >8
()
()
()
()

2.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

150

3.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

151

152

1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

153

2.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

154

3.
1.
2.
3.

155

()

______
/__________________________
//

______________
156

____________

()

1
2
3
4
5

157

158

1.

2.

159

1.

2. 2~5()
3.

1.

2.

3.

()
1.
2.
()

)
3. t
160

161

162

(45)

163

(45)

Q1:
Q2:

Q3:

2-3

164

165

Ready! Set!
Let's Go!
166