Muscle Origin Insertion Action Synergists Antagonists

Scapular Muscles Axial Skeleton Scapula Scapular Movement

Trapezius 1. Occipital Bone 1. acromion elevate (superior) -Inferior trapezius
-flat triangular superficial 2. Spinous process of C7-T12 2. scapular spine
muscle of superior back 3. lateral clavicle depress (inferior) Superior trapezius
retract -Rhomboids -Serratus Anterior

upward rotation -Serratus Anterior -Rhomboids

Rhomboids (major and Spinous process of C7-T5 Medial border of scapula Retract Trapezius Serratus Anterior
minor)
-deep to trapezius Downward rotation Serratus Anterior
-rectangular muscles medial to
rotator cuff muscles
Serratus Anterior Ribs 1-9 Medial border of scapula Protract Trapezius
“boxer muscle” (anterior surface) Rhomboids
-fan shaped muscle underneath Upward rotation Trapezius Rhomboids
armpit, deep and inferior to
Pectoralis muscles on lateral rib
cage,
deep to scapula

Glenohumeral Muscles Axial Skeleton or Scapula Humerus Humerus movement

Lattisimus Dorsi Spinous process of T6-L5 Interturbuclar sulcus Extension Posterior Deltoid Pectoralis Major
-pull up muscle (bicipital groove) Anterior Deltoid
-broad triangular muscle of Adduction Pectoralis Major Deltoid
lower superficial back
Medial Rotation Pectoralis Major

Teres Major Inferior angle of lateral border Lesser tubercle of Same as Lattisimus Dorsi Same as Lattisimus Dorsi Same as Lattisimus Dorsi
-superior to lattismus dorsi of scapula huemrus
-below armpit
Deltoid 1. acromion Deltoid tuberosity of Flexion (anterior) Pectoralis Major Lattisiums Dorsi
-shoulder muscle 2. scapular spine humerus
3. lateral clavicle Extension (posterior) Lattisiums Dorsi Teres Pectoralis Major
Major
Abduction Pectoralis Major
Lattisimus Dorsi
Pectoralis major 1. ribs 1-6 Greater tubercle of Flexion Anterior Deltoid Lattisiums Dorsi
-superficial fan shaped muscles 2. sternum humerus Posterior Deltoid
covering upper portion of chest 3. medial clavicle Adduct Lattisimus Dorsi
Pectoralis Major
 Medial Rotation Lattisiums Dorsi

Muscle Origin Insertion Action Synergists Antagonists

Arm (Anterior/Posterior) Elbow Flex/Extension
Biceps Brachii (anterior) 1. supraglenoid tubercle of scapula Radial tuberosity of Flexion of Elbow Brachialis Triceps Brachii
-two headed fusiform (long head) radius Brachioradialis
-superficial muscle 2. corocoid process of scapula (short Pronator teres
-long head is lateral to short head head) Supination of Elbow Supinator Pronator teres

Brachialis (anterior) Distal anterior humerus Coronoid process of Flexion of Elbow (lifts Bicpes Brachii Triceps Brachii
-deep to biceps on distal humerus ulna ulna) Brachioradialis
Pronator teres

Triceps Brachii (posterior) 1. Olecranon process of ulna Extension of Elbow Alconeus Biceps Brachii
-long, medial and lateral head infraglenoid Brachialis
-long is medial to lateral tubercle of Brachioradialis
-lateral is superficial to medial scapula Pronator teres
head (long head)
2. posterior
shaft of
humerus
(medial/later
al)
Muscles of Rotator Cuff -go from anterior to posterior, stablilie shoulder joint
Subscapularis (anterior) -deep to scapula, forms part of osterior wall of axilla, inserts on lesser tubercle
Supraspinatus -located superior to scapular spine, deep to trapezius, extends laterally across posterior upper back, inserts on superior part of greater tubercle of humerus
Infraspinatus -inferior to scapular spine, partially covered by deltoid and trapezius, insertion is posterior to Supraspinatus on greater tubercle of humerus

Teres Minor -superior to teres major, inferior to Infraspinatus, inserts on greater tubercle of humeus (inferior to Infraspinatus)

Forearm (Anterior)
Pronator Teres 1. Medial Lateral Radius Pronation Biceps Brachii
-can see on proximal forearm epicondyle Flexion of elbow Biceps Brachii Triceps Brachii
-descends obliquely of Brachialis
2. Coronoid Brachioradialis
process of
ulna
Flexor Carpi Radialis Medial Lesser tubercle of huemrus Flexion of wrist FCU, FDS, FDP ECR, ECU, ED
- epicondyle Radius Deviation Extensor Carpi Radialis FCU, ECU
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris 1. medial 1. pisiform Flexion of wrist FCR, FDS, FDP ECR, ECU, ED
- epiconyle 2.hamate
2. proximal 3. 5 metacarpal (base) Ulnar Deviation Extensor Carpi Ulnaris FCR, ECR
ulna
Flexor Digitorum 1. medial Middle phalanges of Digits Flexion of Middle Phalanges of Digits 2-5 Flexor Digitorum Extensor Digitorum
Superficialis epicondyles 2-5 Profundis
- 2. coronoid
process of Flexion of Wrist FCU, FCR, FDP ECR, ECU, ED
ulna
3.shaft of
radius
Flexor Digitorum Profundis 1. proximal Distal phalanges of Digits 2- Flex Distal Phalanges of Digits 2-5 Flexor Digitorum Extensor Digitorum
ulna 5 Superficialis
2.
Flexion of Wrist FCU, FCR, FDs ECR, ECU, ED
interosseous
membrane
between
ulan and
radius
Palmeris longus Only Need to ID:

Forearm (Posterior) Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus Extensors of wrist and

digits
Brachioradialis Lateral supracondylar ridge of Styloid process of radius Flexion of elbow Biceps Brachii Brachialis Biceps Brachii
- humerus Brachioradialis Triceps Brachii

Extensor Carpi Radialis 1. lateral epicondyles Base of metacarpals #2 Extension of wrist ECR, ECU, ED FCR, FDS, FDP, FDS
(longus and brevis) 2. lateral supracondylar ridge and #3 Radius Deviation Flexor Carpi Radialis FCU, ECU
-

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris lateral epicondyle Base of metacarpal #5 Flexion of wrist FCR, FDS, FDP FCR, FDS, FDP, FDS

Ulnar Deviation Flexor Carpi Ulnaris FCR, ECR

Extensor Digitorum lateral epicondyle Distal phalanges of Extension of Phalanges of - FDP, FDS
Digits 2-5 Digits 2-5

Flexion of Wrist ECR, ECU FCR, FDS, FDP, FDS