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    The document discusses the origins and development of the caste system in India. It explains that while the traditional caste divisions were based on four varnas, in reality castes developed historically from diverse groups through processes like tribes becoming Hinduized, sectarian groups, occupational categories, inter-tribal marriages, and new ceremonial practices. It also notes that Muslims in India developed caste-like groups despite Islam not recognizing castes, with many being Hindu converts who retained their caste names. The document then provides a long list of castes along with brief descriptions of their origins, occupations, and religious associations.

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    Caste and Religions

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    The document discusses the origins and development of the caste system in India. It explains that while the traditional caste divisions were based on four varnas, in reality castes developed historically from diverse groups through processes like tribes becoming Hinduized, sectarian groups, occupational categories, inter-tribal marriages, and new ceremonial practices. It also notes that Muslims in India developed caste-like groups despite Islam not recognizing castes, with many being Hindu converts who retained their caste names. The document then provides a long list of castes along with brief descriptions of their origins, occupations, and religious associations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    597 views35 pages

    Caste and Religions of Natal Immigrants

    Uploaded by

    jean
    The document discusses the origins and development of the caste system in India. It explains that while the traditional caste divisions were based on four varnas, in reality castes developed historically from diverse groups through processes like tribes becoming Hinduized, sectarian groups, occupational categories, inter-tribal marriages, and new ceremonial practices. It also notes that Muslims in India developed caste-like groups despite Islam not recognizing castes, with many being Hindu converts who retained their caste names. The document then provides a long list of castes along with brief descriptions of their origins, occupations, and religious associations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 35

    Caste and Religions of Natal Immigrants (1860- )

    by

    K. Chetty

    While the traditional caste divisions of Brahmin, Ksattriya, Vaisya and Sudra (4 Varnas) is in theory
    the basis of the caste system, this division has no "distinct and determinate existence". Rather, the
    caste (jati) segmentation has developed historically around the basic division into hierarchical
    network of castes and sub-castes. Indian society says the Imperial Gazetteer had always been
    composed of "diverse and heterogeneous groups" out of which the modern caste system developed
    "by natural and insensible stages". New castes appeared and broke off connection with the parent
    stock. Castes arose from tribes that were "Hinduised" (e.g. Dom, Dosadh, Jat, Rajput, Nayar), from
    the sectarian type (e.g. Lingayats of south India ), from occupational/functional categories (e.g.
    Ahirs[herdsmen], dhobis [washermen], Goalas[milkmen)] Pods[fishermen]), through inter-tribal
    marriages (e.g. Shagirdpeshas of Bengal) and National types (e.g. Newars of Nepal and Marathas of
    Bombay), through original territorial linkages (e.g. Jaunpuris, Barendra), and the last category
    formed as a result of new ceremonial practices and/or occupations e.g. the Ayodhia Kurmis set
    themselves apart from other Kurmis and claimed Ksattriya origins.

    While Islam accepted no caste distinctions, Muslims in India nevertheless tended to segment
    themselves in caste-like groups (e.g. Saiyids, Ashrafs, Ajlafs, Jolahas and Rajputs). Many Muslims
    were Hindu converts e.g. Manihir, Dhobi, Gaddi and Teli are Hindu caste names, which Muslims
    bore. In 1901 there were 2400 castes and tribes in India. According to a study by Professor Surendra
    Bhana, at the lowest socio-economic level, those that emigrated to Natal were predominantly
    agricultural labourers, at the medium level were artisans with skills and at the highest economic
    level were the landowners.

    The list of caste names below were compiled showing religious/


    occupational/functional/professional categories, indicating synonyms or alternate spelling where
    possible. Where the language or religion could be ascertained this is indicated as well but may not
    necessarily exclude other religions/language groups from carrying those caste names. The list gives
    most of the caste names found in the list of Indentured Indians, together with their meaning and
    links. The researcher/viewer must be mindful of the variant spellings e.g. Comati, Komati, Komti
    [traders], or Kayeth, Kaeth, Kayesth [accountant, scribe]. It should be borne in mind that the
    variations are due to variant spellings of the same caste and errors due to translation from verbal to
    the written word.
    CASTE - Meaning, Profession, Religion Hyperlink
    Achari, Achary, Archary - Sometimes the last name of a person. Caste of the craftsman -architects,
    goldsmiths. Also associated with Brahmin class.
    http://boards.ancestry.com/localities.asia.srilanka.general/568/mb.ashx

    Agamudaiyan" or "Ahamudaiyan" is derived from the root aham, which, in Tamil, has many
    meanings, it means a house or the earth, hence a householder, landowner or agriculturalist.
    http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Mukkulathor
    Agrahi, Agariya or Agharia were traders http://books.google.com/books?id=69W858aghUC&pg=PA197&lpg=PA197&dq=%22Agrahari%22+%22caste%22&source=bl&ots=dE7n3k7aiN&si
    g=LGqSDtOpyIDXYHrHPtS4-Ju1f38&hl=en&ei=MLswSrCDA5C5jAfL4zDBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Agrawal - Merchants, bankers, landowners, and shopkeepers http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrawal
    Ahir or Aheer are tradtionally a caste of cowherds, milkers, and cattle breeders
    http://www.everyculture.com/South-Asia/Ahir.html
    Aiyerpal - Priestly class. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iyer
    Akali means deathless, Kal meaning death - Sikh in origin. http://www.sikhiwiki.org/index.php/Akali
    Ambalagar - Headmen of village. http://indiankanoon.org/doc/1197021/
    Andi is a caste of beggars.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=Erin3nkU3ZUC&pg=PA48&lpg=PA48&dq=%22Andi%22+%22Cast
    e%22&source=bl&ots=1KYWuvrgiA&sig=CBh0fvGWBZWFeuSmJiieUVTRlo&hl=en&ei=qfIHSpjwDuW6jAe86KzgBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Arak - Calcutta immigrants. Agricultural workers. Possibly derived from araka, meaning a plough with
    bullocks, or from arakadu, a cultivator. http://www.ashanet.org/projectsnew/documents/770/Proposal-LAV-Lalpur.doc
    Arakala? - a small class of cultivators, recorded as being mainly from the Kurnool district. The name
    is possibly derived from araka, meaning a plough with bullocks, or from arakadu, a cultivator.
    http://www.archive.org/stream/castestribesofso01thuruoft/castestribesofso01thuruoft_djvu.txt
    Arasa Palllis - agricultural caste. http://articles.hosuronline.com/articleD.asp?pID=1068&PCat=31
    Asari - Carpenters - from artisan community. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palakkad_district
    Astrologer - possibly Kanakan or Valluvan. http://books.google.com/books?id=edzW9fuOFcC&pg=PA61&lpg=PA61&dq=Kanakan+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=hywl8mGTJL&sig=38gPYN8mJ
    gp3Ur8h6mow3qEfdXY&hl=en&ei=yQU6SpX1HNK2jAek6emlDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&r
    esnum=1
    Atith - meaning cultivator. http://soks.wustl.edu/kinship.pdf
    Badhai, the occupational caste of carpenters.
    http://www.nagpuronline.com/nagpurcollectorate/people/castes.html
    Bagathalu - a Telugu Caste.
    http://www.archive.org/stream/variouscensusin00unkngoog/variouscensusin00unkngoog_djvu.txt
    Bagdi - Fishermen and agricultural workers. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdi_(caste)
    Bahelia - a caste of hunters.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=nYLfjLj8AGkC&pg=PA40&lpg=PA40&dq=Bahelia+%22caste%22&

    source=bl&ots=Wx6DWIIlfq&sig=dA2d6Edy6ghcTxE8FInUChHZXgQ&hl=en&ei=XEIRSt-POtLFQaB6uHWAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Baid - physician.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=AiU50pM_z6MC&pg=PA178&lpg=PA178&dq=Baid+%22Caste%2
    2&source=bl&ots=wF1AfDuauR&sig=WfUaUn6AqjCfccKnNDDto68NHYE&hl=en&ei=7FQySqesOOW6j
    AfgyNyGCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Bais - compromising of the wealthy, warriors, entrepreneurs and Zimindars (land owners).
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bais_Rajput
    Balai - leatherworkers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=3JvmObMC4ZMC&pg=PA22&lpg=PA22&dq=Balai+Caste&source
    =bl&ots=ZvHD0lm30Y&sig=c6VhGaqo77LqR5N8tpXUfvqZ0HY&hl=en&ei=nEoySsKUKdGNjAfnm7yaCg
    &sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5
    Balija - They are an Agrarian / Merchant/ Warrior community. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balija
    Bania or Vania are traders and merchants. The Hindi word Bania is derived from the Sanskrit vanika
    or trader. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bania_(caste)
    Banjara (also Banjari, Bangala, Banjori, Banjuri, Brinjari, Lamani, Lamadi, Lambani, Labhani, Lambara,
    Lavani, Lemadi, Lumadale, Gormati, Kora, Sukali) are found in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and other
    States in India.- agriculture, trade, herdsmen
    http://hisgreatplan.com/india%20documents/Banjara%20...%20a%20People%20called%20by%20Go
    d.pdf
    Banmanus is derived from the Sanskrit term Ban-Manus, meaning Man of the Forest (ban)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barmanou
    Bansphor, branches of the Dom Caste.- basket makers. http://books.google.com/books?id=nJMsr0FY50C&pg=PA32&lpg=PA32&dq=Bansphor+%22caste%22+basket&source=bl&ots=i3p2TefSwm&si
    g=L4v43QgGDucJmQLv-G58yzD8dA&hl=en&ei=c1oNSrrVGtO2jAfAy6y3Bg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Banwari - Men of the forrest.
    http://www.stabroeknews.com/2008/letters/08/08/%E2%80%98banwahree%E2%80%99-is-one-ofthe-names-for-lord-krishna/
    Barahai, Barai - A Caste of betel vine growers and betel leaf sellers.
    http://www.indianetzone.com/28/bari_caste.htm
    Barber - Members of the barber caste (Nai, Hajam) help with weddings eg. in cutting hair etc. A
    barber's wife assists the bride (Muslim, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu)
    http://www.indianetzone.com/30/napita_nau_barber_caste.htm
    Baretha - Professional caste of Washermen.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=H6rOX1nXCJcC&pg=PA519&lpg=PA519&dq=%22Bareth%22+%2
    2Caste%22&source=bl&ots=kjvyq5h4mw&sig=SB7Pe8nCW_uIsdKADFqoBgCKlJQ&hl=en&ei=4EYJSoe
    6GZDQjAfa_di0Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Bari - Their occupation is to stitch together large leaves by the insertion of small wooden pegs to
    make leaf-plates, cups etc.. Also Craftsmen/weavers.
    http://www.indianetzone.com/28/bari_caste.htm

    Bariki are the village servants.


    http://www.archive.org/stream/religionofkuviko00schu/religionofkuviko00schu_djvu.txt
    Barooye, Barai ?- A Caste of betel vine growers and betel leaf sellers.
    http://www.indianetzone.com/28/bari_caste.htm
    Batraju - Bhat, a priestly caste. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhatt
    Bauri - palanquin bearers and field workers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=P_t3zmwNQVwC&pg=PA376&lpg=PA376&dq=Bauri+%22Caste%
    22&source=bl&ots=0Va4IkSFOY&sig=GojTCBwxCIVsdbG3QCc1ABdI2c&hl=en&ei=AgQySvaHJMqNjAeeZWKCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7
    Behari - person from the State of Bihar?.
    Behna - cotton carders. http://books.google.com/books?id=QA2OKK0bdcC&pg=PA326&lpg=PA326&dq=%22Behna%22+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=jKH3txd7cj&sig=nv
    Hh9uyBa-NK4EVMHSwy0mljI2k&hl=en&ei=SzQySpCHD4QjAfZwJGJCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Beldars are labourers - masons, earthworkers, lime and brick workers - beldar "means one who
    carries a bel, hoe, mattock"
    http://books.google.com/books?id=H6rOX1nXCJcC&pg=PA215&lpg=PA215&dq=%22Beldar%22+%2
    2caste%22&source=bl&ots=kjvAw3p4hC&sig=tGgXRNEWDLWp7v8OI0AXK879uWQ&hl=en&ei=FMQ
    wSoSmHI6SjAf5s4zcBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Benbansi - means bamboo splitters - Members of caste sell bamboo baskets, chairs, bird cages etc.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=54gyRnhIugkC&pg=PA383&lpg=PA383&dq=Benbansi+%22Caste
    %22&source=bl&ots=fZMDMyaBOE&sig=ngqy5MGhUg719pEG5Ul_dW_s34&hl=en&ei=v1MyStvGHdXOjAfarsH9CQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum
    =1
    Besta - A Telugu Caste - fishermen.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=Szt48jbyr9EC&pg=PA219&lpg=PA219&dq=Besta%22caste%22&s
    ource=bl&ots=psC6ArDDzO&sig=aMhGam7A81KuX3Nn7Dt9k7xeckU&hl=en&ei=qTANSteiMp2OjAe_
    8tysCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9
    Bhaina (Forest tribe).
    http://www.archive.org/stream/tribescastesofce02russ/tribescastesofce02russ_djvu.txt
    Bhangis are traditionally restricted to being sweepers, cleaning latrines and handling dead bodies
    (both human and animal). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhangi
    Bhar - Rajjhars are landowning Bhars while the lower caste are herders of swine and cattle.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=nYLfjLj8AGkC&pg=PA243&lpg=PA243&dq=Bhar+%22caste%22&
    source=bl&ots=Wx6DTMKuat&sig=sYc5iDGSzjaYeXrb9a5UxYzt2E&hl=en&ei=4lUNSq2tK9mZjAfA55HlCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&res
    num=1
    Bhar or Bur are labourers.
    http://www.archive.org/stream/notesonnorthwest00raikrich/notesonnorthwest00raikrich_djvu.txt
    Bharthi - an order of religious medicants, priests, brahmins. http://gosavisamaj.com/histry.php

    Bhat, a priestly caste. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhatt


    Bhata-raju - Bard or warrior. http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/8570896
    Bhathi - horseriders and warriors. http://wapedia.mobi/en/Bhatia_(caste)
    Bhil - a tribal Caste.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=k4OglPLX_g8C&pg=PA108&lpg=PA108&dq=Bhil+%22Caste%22&
    source=bl&ots=NuZ8tTRtGo&sig=Gm8YB8abtNUle195f6Ok-z7pkk&hl=en&ei=dUgySr3_IY6SjAfGnoGeCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Bhind, bindh, or bind -bindhya meaning hills. Labourers and weavers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=76c1VSYnPE0C&pg=PA252&lpg=PA252&dq=Bind+%22caste%22
    &source=bl&ots=vh0V20v4VH&sig=gpFq7BNmopfNfjQEj0onVznZamg&hl=en&ei=bzMRSvH0MISsjAf
    hmdCzBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Bhojwa or Bhujwa are grain parchers. http://books.google.com/books?id=1QmrSwFYe60C&pg=RA4PA382&lpg=RA4PA382&dq=Bhojwa+%22caste%22&source=bl&ots=qKY39_gd74&sig=OnxsrA2HF_D7r_LL7An0LSJoek&hl=en&ei=tUARSuazLMPm-AbgtdjWAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Bhooj. Bhuj meaning arm, hence meaning, skilled people (Gujarat.)
    http://www.geocities.com/lamberdar/_caste.html
    Bhoosa means cattle feed - maybe cattle herders?
    http://books.google.com/books?id=X8HvbckzEVAC&pg=PA57&lpg=PA57&dq=Bhoosa+%22Caste%22
    &source=bl&ots=omw2a9v_C0&sig=GI7EPNiN0xTcyu5Yr7Bm3VQwJE&hl=en&ei=03RpSvnVOtu6jAeBhKGRCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result
    &resnum=1
    Bhooyear - agricultural labourers.
    http://scnc.ukzn.ac.za/doc/SHIP/Bhana_Indentured_Indians_Natal_Study_based_Ships_list.pdf
    Bhumihar or Babhan or Bhuin-har - Brahmins, priests as well as landowners.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhumihar
    Bhumji - tribal caste in India. Traditionally cultivators. Hunted birds and animals in the forrest.
    http://www.allindiaaseca.org/aug07.PDF
    Bhur means the earth, hence agricultural labourers.
    http://www.archive.org/stream/notesonnorthwest00raikrich/notesonnorthwest00raikrich_djvu.txt
    Bhurji - Associated with the industries relating to gram, beaten paddy and rice.
    http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/lsdeb/ls10/ses4/3207089202.htm
    Biahut - Caste members perform ceremonies at birth, marriages and funerals.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=MqLfZarn3foC&pg=PA243&lpg=PA243&dq=%22Biahut%22+%22
    Caste%22&source=bl&ots=pKlpu6h4WD&sig=Ie3dAgPDEkzaXrBFrdL3I6K0vlA&hl=en&ei=1DEySuPXK
    sahjAegkKWWCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Blacksmiths and metal workers e.g. Lohars, Kamars, Kami. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lohar
    Bogam - Telugu dancing girls. http://books.google.com/books?id=lYSd3yL9h0C&pg=PA91&lpg=PA91&dq=%22Bogam%22+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=aCmiId44MT&sig

    =iw51qCV3VG8aO0O7jLBWlIE9ag&hl=en&ei=ZUMySoWFMZ26jAfWuumBCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Boistub - Vaishnava Caste - Bengal.
    http://www.chaf.lib.latrobe.edu.au/dcd/page.php?title=wise&action=previous&record=4232
    Boistum - Brahmans and priests.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=RIcBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA255&lpg=PA255&dq=%22Boistum%22&s
    ource=bl&ots=VP2-Njj0Ko&sig=RX4-2p56k4w7MNdZe_R8JKarz8&hl=en&ei=LyMyStScDMvRjAfIsMiYCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5
    Bondilis are said to derive their name from Bundelkund. They claim to be Rajputs.
    http://www.archive.org/stream/castestribesofso01thuriala/castestribesofso01thuriala_djvu.txt
    Boya - a hill tribe -hunters or warriors and tended to cattle.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyar_(caste)
    Boyis - servants and palanquin bearers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=P4oL0uGlMS8C&pg=PA462&lpg=PA462&dq=%22Boyi%22++%22
    Caste%22&source=bl&ots=kd0UdgRzNt&sig=YmUCfPpnQEfleyEfrF1Ao_BwWw&hl=en&ei=cQ8yStLgLJjNjAevj8WWCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Brahman - Priestly Caste capable of performing certain religious tasks.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahman_(caste)
    Brijbasi - sub-caste of Dangars - shepherds and cowherds. http://wapedia.mobi/en/Shegar
    Bulja - scheduled caste defined by area.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=HuBVrSXYqKUC&pg=PA337&lpg=PA337&dq=Bulja+%22Caste%2
    2&source=bl&ots=nMPALmnNXW&sig=QAMChjIvSAU3PxqAxQnzqgcIFhg&hl=en&ei=vgsySuyBNJ27j
    AfItLWWCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Butcher Caste - eg. Khatik. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khatik
    Camala, Kammalars were mostly craftsmen, goldsmith, coppersmith, masons, etc
    http://www.alcbroadway.org/history.htm
    Canaree - A Language. Probably Kannady ? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kannadiga
    Carpenter - Any of Badhai, Sutar, Voddrangi , Tarkhan (Sikh) , Asari, Kammala castes.
    http://www.nagpuronline.com/nagpurcollectorate/people/castes.html
    Cavarai or Kavarai were landowners (Tamil) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapu_(caste)
    Chai is a class of jugglers, thimble-riggers and adventurers. People belonging to Chai class perform at
    fairs and other festivals. http://www.indianetzone.com/29/chai_class_jugglers.htm
    Chakadu - Telugu Caste.
    http://www.archive.org/stream/variouscensusin00unkngoog/variouscensusin00unkngoog_djvu.txt
    Chakali/Chakkali/Chakkoli/Chakala - washermen - Telegu.
    http://www.geocities.com/husociology/sericulture6.htm
    Chamar -Cobblers and leather workers.
    http://www.indianetzone.com/29/chamar_caste_workers.htm

    Chambadi or Sambadi - fishing caste.


    http://www.archive.org/stream/reportonseafishf00dayfuoft/reportonseafishf00dayfuoft_djvu.txt
    Chandal - a caste of people traditionally engaged in menial jobs.
    http://banglapedia.search.com.bd/HT/C_0110.htm
    Chasa - cultivator. http://books.google.com/books?id=QA2OKK0bdcC&pg=PA330&lpg=PA330&dq=%22Chasa%22++%22+Caste%22&source=bl&ots=jKH4lCh99i&sig=
    HtEcv5PKsw1TKRHVXW-54sRZYvU&hl=en&ei=JBU2Sr2mCdrFQbWnvCgDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8
    Chattris or Khatris, Chuttri, Chutrees are a warrior or military class.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chattar
    Cheruman - hill cultivators.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=psw5AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA56&lpg=PA56&dq=Cheruman+%22Caste
    %22&source=bl&ots=gk9dH7Tm_2&sig=LDykkEa0QL7o9oTwlEUkOFrSLFU&hl=en&ei=kvI1Su_xKYONj
    AeKqoD5CQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Chetti oddas (traders) while Kallu Oddas are stone workers while Manu Oddas are earthworkers,
    Odda Balija were seafarers..
    http://books.google.com/books?id=bgpEIb4tNjgC&pg=PT66&lpg=PT66&dq=Odda+%22Caste%22&s
    ource=bl&ots=k0G68Kj7pT&sig=DnEHTzILUafTjAMytW1tAeIqa9U&hl=en&ei=WFQeSs_RLeOwtgek5d
    XsAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Chettiar (also Chetty, Chetti, Setty, Chitty, and Shettigar) used for people of South Indian origin.
    Traders and agriculturalists. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chettihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chetti
    Chippi - Tailors.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=Q8HiF8NpBIEC&pg=PA136&lpg=PA136&dq=chipi+%22caste%22
    &source=bl&ots=JmNhheHghM&sig=eCqqdK80-EpMnHZIJe82H6MES9c&hl=en&ei=H4ASSs_GHoLUAbxjamqDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Chogan or Ezhavas were traditionally employed as Farmers, Soldiers, Ayurveda Physicians, Warriors,
    Kalari Trainers and Traders, and were also involved in toddy tapping.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=Be3PCvzfBYC&pg=PA383&lpg=PA383&dq=%22Chogan%22++%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=9i5sNfpoxh&sig=
    vtiGFuUL1gnJSQi0O9yZZd5FvRM&hl=en&ei=kDo2SpWCE4WwQaX8amiCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Chowan or Chowah - an agricultural clan.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=1QmrSwFYe60C&pg=RA1-PA182&lpg=RA1PA182&dq=%22Chowan%22++%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=qKY630he64&sig=WqV4FQHJzhrwCsF
    v2TaBS07qaoo&hl=en&ei=FzI2SrDnMsKb-AaHz6yhDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5
    Chowdary - tax collectors. Ahir are tradtionally a caste of cowherds, milkers, and cattle breeders.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamma_(caste)
    Christian - various denominations.
    Christian - Nasrani. http://pallippurathamma.org/NasraniCulture.aspx
    Chuckler - Leather-workers (Telegu).
    http://books.google.com/books?id=G9o8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA153&lpg=PA153&dq=%22Chuckler%22+

    %22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=I6StUkN3Tb&sig=1Kh2uCdJJi03cNGbfZHLTH48vJw&hl=en&ei=sg46Sp
    vaOMm2jAey8rmaDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Churihar - makers of glass bangles.
    http://www.indowindow.com/sad/article.php?child=26&article=22
    Chutrees, Chattris or Khatris, Chuttri are a warrior or military class.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chattar
    Cobbler - leatherworker caste - any of Chambar, Chamaar, Chamar, (Teleugu cobblers (chura);
    Muchi, Giniya, Nakha, Charikara). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamar
    Comati, Komati , Komti - A tribe of Vaisya Caste - traders. http://books.google.com/books?id=lYSd3yL9h0C&pg=PA340&lpg=PA340&dq=Komati+Komti&source=bl&ots=aCmmHk35MU&sig=RglIjA0Dk
    hJboMnbhqH8yjhpu_s&hl=en&ei=stNuSqrlCJTNjAfqsq2eBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnu
    m=4
    Coravan, Karava - carpenters, boatbuilders, fishermen, distillers of liquor, traders.
    http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~lkawgw/karava.html
    Cotton cleaner - any of Dudekula, Dhunia castes.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=TEruAaDaOZ8C&pg=PA109&lpg=PA109&dq=Dudekula+%22cast
    e%22&source=bl&ots=dM144gouPq&sig=DC7w2rguJAlA_hI14mdbqSArZ9Y&hl=en&ei=fp4SSpi5F8jds
    garwYWGDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10
    Cummas, Kammas or Kammavaru -(Agricultural caste) controlled large fertile areas in Andhra
    Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, as a legacy of their martial past (initially warriors).
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamma_(caste)
    Curnam, Karanam or Karana - accountants, tax collectors, court, Govt. officials.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karanam
    Dandasi - a scheduled caste of Orissa. Dandasi Khondras are village watchmen.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=u8vvtDI9kt0C&pg=PA415&lpg=PA415&dq=dandasi+caste&sour
    ce=bl&ots=k9dX73_U6K&sig=xn3m8sEYaY-To_NC5ZhBcAPmfa8&hl=en&ei=wc4TStXzJcTGAau9dSvDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8
    Darzi, Darji or Chipi caste -Tailors.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=Q8HiF8NpBIEC&pg=PA136&lpg=PA136&dq=chipi+%22caste%22
    &source=bl&ots=JmNhheHghM&sig=eCqqdK80-EpMnHZIJe82H6MES9c&hl=en&ei=H4ASSs_GHoLUAbxjamqDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Dasalu - Boatmen and fishermen.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=mcDMGwprQ4oC&pg=PA84&lpg=PA84&dq=%22Dasa%22+%22
    Caste%22&source=bl&ots=wfiqY0AnFj&sig=LxXMa3PGET3DAGUpdouzwY6pME&hl=en&ei=6b8TSofsC8GNAaB3MGmDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Dasari, a wandering Telugu caste who are dramatists and perform folk plays.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=X5H6n5iKGaYC&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=Dasary+%22Caste%22
    &source=bl&ots=tZcgV-t0M9&sig=6Wm79p76cZ6S9sw1Dop0-KrlSlw&hl=en&ei=MbwTSvLIJ4PM-Aatv3ZCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7

    Deva, Dewar caste (also known as Kaibarta) specifically refers to the fishing communities.
    http://insightjnu.blogspot.com/2005/09/dewar-caste-and-its-identity.html
    Devanga or Devangi - They are one of the weaving castes in India.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devanga
    Dhanook - Mainly agriculture, word formed from Dhanuska meaning archer.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=H6rOX1nXCJcC&pg=PA484&lpg=PA484&dq=Dhanuk+%22Caste
    %22&source=bl&ots=kjvyx3m2jC&sig=IDRiSxadY1WHU3xK1nKVnVJKxag&hl=en&ei=yLkTSv3sH4XNQaC1cCqDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Dharhi or Dari - a caste of singers and dancers.
    http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/regmi/pdf/regmi_02.doc
    Dharkars are workers in reed and cane. They manufacture cane stools,chairs, palm leaf fans, matting
    for floors and the like. http://www.indianetzone.com/31/dharkar_low_caste.htm
    Dhed - a caste assigned to do menial work e.g. sweeping, fetching water etc.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=psw5AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA38&lpg=PA38&dq=Dhed+caste&source=
    bl&ots=gk9aP4Pn_2&sig=4u-ls2l6-2R_uTVK9__3VenT3Bo&hl=en&ei=ZtwTSo-dKMOxQa8lsCmDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Dhimar, the caste of fishermen and palanquin bearers - derives the names from a corruption of the
    Sanskrt Dhivara, a fisherman. http://www.nagpuronline.com/nagpurcollectorate/people/castes.html
    Dhoby or Dhobi caste are Washermen.
    http://www.indianetzone.com/31/dhobi_washerman_caste.htm
    Dhoonia - (among Muslims) - those that make pillow cases and matresses. Dhunnia means to card
    cotton. http://www.hvk.org/articles/0704/178.html
    Dhora - gatherers, hunters and agriculture. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu_castes
    Dhubra - labourers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=vDV7Y1cnQawC&pg=PA238&lpg=PA238&dq=Dubra+%22caste%
    22&source=bl&ots=DIjPJFdEGC&sig=Lq-22-ruIzk6OKTnCaP-YiVEmBg&hl=en&ei=B90TSs__NMiDAaqzoywDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7
    Dhuliya? Dramatists, performers and dancers, drummers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=Bj3ttlbzxg0C&pg=PA42&lpg=PA42&dq=%22Dhuliya%22+%22Cas
    te%22&source=bl&ots=PccaYFcXFR&sig=Z8igkiaM4-R1pEGoN1567XTqupg&hl=en&ei=WD46SvQEpKNjAfSnPWqDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Dom - Widespread and versatile caste of musicians, traders, and, sometimes, weavers.
    http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/168403/Dom
    Dommara (Andra Pradesh) - derivation from Dom people - .workers at cremation places or weavers
    of ropes and baskets. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domba
    Dosadh - Village watchmen, messengers. http://books.google.co.za/books?id=nJMsr0FY50C&pg=PA324&lpg=PA324&dq=Dosadh+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=i3p4Va7Xwf&sig=tXw7
    uZYdhsas404Yuonw1zMmYis&hl=en&ei=oDIuStO5MousjAeqtcyRCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=resul
    t&resnum=5

    Dosar - The caste members are mainly shopkeepers, and they deal in gold and silver ornaments, as
    well as grain, tobacco and all kinds of groceries.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=H6rOX1nXCJcC&pg=PA145&lpg=PA145&dq=Dosar+%22caste%2
    2&source=bl&ots=kjvyx4m0hz&sig=RFf6OEB0rzXqsvuRXSUub0pNRro&hl=en&ei=VeATSrvlD5icgb3v_XZCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8
    Dudekula, Doodakula - weaver caste and cotton cleaners. (Tamil and Telugu sometimes Muslim).
    http://books.google.com/books?id=TEruAaDaOZ8C&pg=PA109&lpg=PA109&dq=Dudekula+%22cast
    e%22&source=bl&ots=dM144gouPq&sig=DC7w2rguJAlA_hI14mdbqSArZ9Y&hl=en&ei=fp4SSpi5F8jds
    garwYWGDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10
    Edaya - Cowherds and shepherds. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yadav
    Edigas or Idigas are people living mainly in Karnataka.Edigas are involved in soma and Ayurvedic
    medicine in ancient days and later as toddy-tappers of palm trees to make liquor.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiga
    Ediya, Idiyan, Idayan - to mean shepherds and cattle breaders. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yadav
    Egali or Ekali - Washermen.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=EtwtSZwyWpgC&pg=PA457&lpg=PA457&dq=%22Ekali%22++cas
    te&source=bl&ots=YfVw7U12v_&sig=tVazM-ArFy0cfdmU0saBqHr_oBE&hl=en&ei=juwTSu_BF43NQah3MmtDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Elama or Velama is one of the older feudal castes or social groups in the Indian state of Andhra
    Pradesh . Mostly farmers, though initially warriors. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velama
    Eluvans, Elavanians (betel-growers).
    http://www.archive.org/stream/castestribesofso05thuriala/castestribesofso05thuriala_djvu.txt
    Enadi - means archer. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villavar
    Erikala - tribe in Andra Pradesh - bamboo workers and basket makers.
    http://www.scribd.com/doc/15112293/The-right-to-say-no
    Erula or Irula tribe of India.Irulas as a tribe are traditional snake and rat catchers. http://tribes-ofindia.blogspot.com/2008/10/irula-tribes-of-india.html
    Ezhavas were traditionally employed as Farmers, Ayurveda Physicians, Warriors, and Traders, and
    were also involved in toddy tapping http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezhava
    Fakir - muslim religious medicant.
    Fishermen - pods, pattinavar, bagdi, Dhivara, Kariayar, Paravans, Sembadava etc.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=QA2OKK0bdcC&pg=PA76&lpg=PA76&dq=fishermen+%22caste%22&source=bl&ots=jKH1tzbb9n&sig=HHVkwe
    fY66HkSONgVNnbDdF1Eu8&hl=en&ei=kfcTSpetEMPMAaanJy1Dw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Gadaba - A tribe of agriculturalists, labourers and hunters.(Andhra Pradesh). Gadaba means a person
    who carries a load on his shoulders. http://www.orissadiary.com/orissa_profile/tribal/Gadaba.asp
    Gadariya - Shepherd class. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhangar

    Gadia meaning bullock or cartmen - a trading class.


    http://books.google.com/books?id=LPsvytmN3mUC&pg=PA61&lpg=PA61&dq=Gadia+%22Caste%22
    &source=bl&ots=fPxbpdSfgC&sig=0yykbQmS_Us30PFgl7blBgQtUkc&hl=en&ei=Wh8VSq-4DoWvQaU4YDqDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Gamalla, Goundla, Gouda, Goud, - toddy tappers and Ayurvedic medicine .
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goud
    Gandla or Ganiga is a caste of oil producers & merchants . http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganiga
    Ganjoo - a Brahmin or priestly caste. http://www.jeevansathi.com/profile/matrimonial0626041a5.htm
    Gararee - Shepherd class. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhangar
    Gardener - could be Mali or Kacchi caste. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali_caste
    Gaur - Cattle-herders.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=H6rOX1nXCJcC&pg=PA532&lpg=PA532&dq=Gour+%22Caste%22
    &source=bl&ots=kjvyxcn0nD&sig=OicQVAJk-GZ7D0fR1YZfpLy8UcY&hl=en&ei=oRwVSv6qMIKbAb0jdzpDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Gauras or Gavara or Kavara were businessmen although traditionally agriculturalists.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gavara
    Gaurs also called Goriya - cattle - herders. http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Yadav
    Gavandla or Gamalla -Toddy-tappers, extracting sap from palm trees, fermenting it and selling it as
    liquor.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=cGd2huLXEVYC&pg=PA160&lpg=PA160&dq=Gavandla+%22Cast
    e%22&source=bl&ots=Y8VL9elk8G&sig=SRUyD7ttB6viZoiOVFaKifPjs8A&hl=en&ei=ITYVSoKVAoSOAaTkMXpDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5
    Gazulu means bangle sellers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=H6rOX1nXCJcC&pg=PA108&lpg=PA108&dq=%22Gazulu%22+%2
    2Caste%22&source=bl&ots=kjvyy4iXoC&sig=lVLp55DwnVOzamubdTOeT50lbFA&hl=en&ei=TlUVSrCJ
    DYac-gbep5DqDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Gentoo - From the Portuguese word for heathens, refering thus to all Hindus.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=HbAjKR_iHogC&pg=PA106&lpg=PA106&dq=Gentoo+%22Caste%
    22&source=bl&ots=UXIm4VgdkN&sig=KtkSaBc9rIuqXgwHEtNO5TbD8rM&hl=en&ei=UGg_StnbGpPAQbptPDJDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Ghansi - Grass-cutters. http://www.hinduheritage.org.au/pdf/Our%20Great%20Sages.pdf
    Gharti - shepherds.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=aSaX09InyIoC&pg=PA189&lpg=PA189&dq=Gharti+Caste&source
    =bl&ots=IkeD5BeZw3&sig=Q02fpWxbNvqCFxxATdBKxDmflC0&hl=en&ei=GF8_Stf1N4nEQbf9JCwDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Gharukh - Sub-caste of the Kahars (Boatmen).
    http://books.google.com/books?id=1QmrSwFYe60C&pg=RA6-PA435&lpg=RA6PA435&dq=%22Gharuk%22+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=qKY3cXeb2a&sig=ON0Si88aqqOQ3H5pz
    19RmETEDmQ&hl=en&ei=oVYVSqzPFsS4-QbkruTpDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1

    Ghase - Sub-caste of the Mali - they grow and prepare tumeric.


    http://www.maharashtra.gov.in/pdf/gazeetter_reprint/Wardha/population_caste.html
    Ghatwal or Ghatwars - Landowners - of Bhuiya Caste.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=bvGOHXlxUHUC&pg=PA45&lpg=PA45&dq=%22Ghatwar%22+%2
    2Caste%22&source=bl&ots=wxGb2zKmYp&sig=oQt7M4jTP8fjXJFSpsQqViFSgvI&hl=en&ei=lVcVSvPyJt
    ab-gbL_pW1DQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5
    Goldsmith - Achary, Achari? Dosar? or similar caste.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=H6rOX1nXCJcC&pg=PA145&lpg=PA145&dq=Dosar+%22caste%2
    2&source=bl&ots=kjvyx4m0hz&sig=RFf6OEB0rzXqsvuRXSUub0pNRro&hl=en&ei=VeATSrvlD5icgb3v_XZCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8
    Golla, Gowala or Gowla primarily herd sheep and cattle and subsist by selling milk; some Golla
    communities practice agriculture. http://books.google.com/books?id=lYSd3yL9h0C&pg=PA204&lpg=PA204&dq=Golla+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=aCmgImY4SV&sig=YGy6
    dZo6ApFXvHs0Dj-qpDMNIbA&hl=en&ei=c_8USqzMEsSOAbmgtDpDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Gond - The name Gond is extracted from the Telugu word 'Konda' which means hill. Agriculture,
    collecting minor forest produce, fishing, hunting,are the main activities of Gonds.
    http://www.southasianmedia.net/profile/india/india_ethnology.cfm
    Gondla (elephant grass), also known as Bhotia tribe, akin to Teli (oil-pressers) in Telugu community.
    http://www.southasianmedia.net/profile/india/india_ethnology.cfm
    Gooroony - hunters.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=OgUbAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA282&lpg=PA282&dq=Gooroony&source
    =bl&ots=Eu6NXx5BFh&sig=RvgFBIctLe6a5oGt0Ch0VS2nQ9Q&hl=en&ei=G2Q_Sri_GYvAQbztaW9DA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Gorait - scheduled tribe of Bihar and Jharkhand State. http://www.jharkhandi.org/gorait_tribe.htm
    Gore or Goria - potter caste. http://books.google.com/books?id=nJMsr0FY50C&pg=PA39&lpg=PA39&dq=Goria+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=i3p3S9aRFk&sig=ZJjcppW8hn5YOUDSY_2C5m26y8&hl=en&ei=Lz8aSsP0CsPNAaQpKHMDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5
    Gosai - Soothsayers or fortune tellers.
    http://www.hindu.com/2008/03/11/stories/2008031151970300.htm
    Gosain - Religious Caste. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gosain
    Goud, Gamalla, Goundla, Gouda - toddy tappers and Ayurvedic medicine.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goud
    Gounder is the name of the head in a system of decentralised panchayat (Village Council)
    administration. http://www.lingoz.com/it/dictionary/Gounder%20(caste)
    Gowala, Golla or Gowla are tradtionally a caste of cowherds, milkers, and cattle breeders.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=lYSd3yL9h0C&pg=PA204&lpg=PA204&dq=Golla+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=aCmgImY4SV&sig=YGy6
    dZo6ApFXvHs0Dj-qpDMNIbA&hl=en&ei=c_8USqzMEsSOAbmgtDpDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6

    Gowra - Telegu Subcaste. http://www.du.ac.in/OBC-CENTER-LIST.pdf


    Gramani - usually a proprietor of a village or landlord. A gramani was originally the leader of a train
    of vehicles and warriors to receive the mayor.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=V73N8js5ZgAC&pg=PA42&lpg=PA42&dq=%22Gramani%22+%22
    Caste%22+india&source=bl&ots=nGcSKSUXbW&sig=CJNtshYsfw82TV0_qvaGFxpdrHU&hl=en&ei=8l0
    VSpriE4Kv-Qbt_73pDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Gujars are milkmen, Gajar is Arabic.
    http://www.punjabi.net/talk/messages/3/52461.html?1152737318
    Gujerati - language.
    Hajam - Barbers. http://mail.sarai.net/pipermail/reader-list/2009-April/019175.html
    Halwai - They are a caste of confectioners and sweet-makers. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halwai
    Hazam - Barbers. http://mail.sarai.net/pipermail/reader-list/2009-April/019175.html
    Herdsmen - Golla?, Gowla?, Ahirs - primarily herd sheep and cattle and subsist by selling milk; some
    Golla communities practice agriculture. http://books.google.com/books?id=lYSd3yL9h0C&pg=PA204&lpg=PA204&dq=Golla+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=aCmgImY4SV&sig=YGy6
    dZo6ApFXvHs0Dj-qpDMNIbA&hl=en&ei=c_8USqzMEsSOAbmgtDpDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Hindu - Belonging to Hindu religion, sometimes called Gentoo.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=HbAjKR_iHogC&pg=PA106&lpg=PA106&dq=Gentoo+%22Caste%
    22&source=bl&ots=UXIm4VgdkN&sig=KtkSaBc9rIuqXgwHEtNO5TbD8rM&hl=en&ei=UGg_StnbGpPAQbptPDJDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Hunters - e.g Boya, Bahelia, Gooroony, Sikari caste.
    http://www.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/YAVATMAL/people_castes.html
    Idayan, Idiyan or Ediya - Cowherds and shepherds. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yadav
    Irula or Erula - Their main occupations are snake and rat catching.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irulas
    Jalia - Boatmen.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=omAPFtaweqIC&pg=PA253&lpg=PA253&dq=Jalia+%22Caste%22
    &source=bl&ots=cPw1d66BgG&sig=g5x8a_d5s8LBHCuFBLTgQb9SnUY&hl=en&ei=QXYaSvDRIZG1QbZkoXMDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9
    Jami - subcaste of Gola - Golla or Gowla primarily herd sheep and cattle and subsist by selling milk;
    some Golla communities practice agriculture. http://tripatlas.com/Gounder_(caste)
    Janappan - Gunny-bag weavers.Gunny-bag is the popular trading name for the coarse sacking and
    sacks made from jute fibre.
    http://www.archive.org/stream/castestribesofso02thuruoft/castestribesofso02thuruoft_djvu.txt
    Jandra - Weavers. http://books.google.com/books?id=IMBh3Anb98C&pg=PA30&lpg=PA30&dq=Jandra+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=YuuqpGZAjZ&sig=4u
    WSQG-UqVQ9Qo8Ul_itEzJrRbU&hl=en&ei=kHAaSonpKYPUAadu9TmDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1

    Jangama, Jangalau - Wondering monks and beggars- nomads and story tellers.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jangama
    Jaswar - A subcaste of Kurmi - an agricultural caste. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurmi
    Jat - A peasant caste - also landowners.
    http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/301575/Jat/301575rellinks/Related-Links
    Jathapu - agriculturalists. http://www.diversefoodsystems.org/lfs_docs/lfs_Prajateerpu_Part1AR.pdf
    Jogi - They wander about the country beating a drum and begging, practising surgery in a small way,
    writing charms, telling fortunes, and practising exorcism and divination.
    http://www.religiousworlds.com/mandalam/jogi.htm
    Jolaha - Weavers. http://books.google.com/books?id=IMBh3Anb98C&pg=PA30&lpg=PA30&dq=Jandra+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=YuuqpGZAjZ&sig=4u
    WSQG-UqVQ9Qo8Ul_itEzJrRbU&hl=en&ei=kHAaSonpKYPUAadu9TmDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Joria - weavers. http://books.google.com/books?id=nJMsr0FY50C&pg=PA32&lpg=PA32&dq=%22Joria%22+%22caste%22&source=bl&ots=i3p5WdcSEi&sig=3n
    MrvJIHmEeDSUbkOG3qYufcyn8&hl=en&ei=l4I_SvDTA4buAb_2r2tBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Kabaria - green-grocer (Muslim). http://74.125.77.132/search?q=cache:i4JkfMDvrgJ:ccms.ukzn.ac.za/docs/Taleb.pdf+Kabaria+%22Caste%22&cd=28&hl=en&ct=clnk
    Kacchi are market gardeners. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unao,_Balaji
    Kahar- Personal servants and labourers e.g. water bearers, palanquin bearers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=nJMsr0FY50C&pg=PA148&lpg=PA148&dq=kahar+%22caste%22&source=bl&ots=i3p2X8bUFi&sig=BbAGZE
    5XU1I0RS9-TSkpNdENe0E&hl=en&ei=EHwSSvGdNoXQAa_4LysDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=11
    Kaikala, Kaikola - Weaver Caste - also associated with temples.
    http://dspace.vidyanidhi.org.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2009/3422/7/MAU-1983-033-6.pdf
    Kairi (Bengal ) for Koeri - Koeri-Peasantry and agrarian caste.
    http://www.chaf.lib.latrobe.edu.au/dcd/page.php?title=&action=next&record=566
    Kalars or Kalwars are members of the subcaste of "distillers of alcohol" within the Indian caste
    system. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalwar
    Kalilnga - a tribe of warriors.
    http://in.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090401200118AAwPbUG
    Kalingi is a caste of temple priests and cultivators, found mainly in Srikakulam. The Kalingis are
    essentially Telugus. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalingi
    Kalla or Kalian.or Kallan means dark skinned people or 'one who collects information secretly and
    thus were advanced guards or spies.
    http://dspace.vidyanidhi.org.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2009/5877/3/MKU-1978-001-2.pdf

    Kalwars are members of the subcaste of "distillers of alcohol" within the Indian caste system.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalwar
    Kambalam (kambili =blanket) applies to 9 castes when at a council meeting a blanket is spread on
    the floor.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=u8vvtDI9kt0C&pg=PA93&lpg=PA93&dq=%22Kambalam%22+%2
    2Caste%22&source=bl&ots=k9dY243U3F&sig=5uc7SPRdgE_t3vqE8X0Ld50Gno8&hl=en&ei=VqobSo6
    UF8fN-QbJpJjXAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Kamhar, Kohar or Kumhars - Traditional pottery makers.
    http://www.parliamentofindia.nic.in/lsdeb/ls10/ses5/3027119204.htmhttp://www.parliamentofindi
    a.nic.in/lsdeb/ls10/ses5/3027119204.htm
    Kamkar - Water-bearers.
    http://drishtikona.com/archives/government_policyadministration/001690.php
    Kammala or Kammalan - Artisans - carpenters, goldsmiths, blacksmiths.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=Ls8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA320&lpg=PA320&dq=Kammalan+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=wdJXxxGEfC&si
    g=tMcXFTpP96XcKZu_e7mFs_sEPLo&hl=en&ei=0KUbSpSDIYK2Aa4qITXAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Kammalars were mostly craftsmen, goldsmith, coppersmith, masons.
    http://www.alcbroadway.org/history.htm
    Kammari or Kamsali -Carpenters. http://www.aptribes.gov.in/html/ltr/50_2004.pdf
    Kammas or Kammavaru -(Agricultural caste) controlled large fertile areas in Andhra Pradesh and
    Tamil Nadu, as a legacy of their martial past, initially warriors.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamma_(caste)
    Kanadia - a Tamil Caste.
    Kanakan - astrologers and umbrella makers. Derived from the Portuguese Canaqua.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=edzW9fuOFcC&pg=PA61&lpg=PA61&dq=Kanakan+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=hywl8mGTJL&sig=38gPYN8mJ
    gp3Ur8h6mow3qEfdXY&hl=en&ei=yQU6SpX1HNK2jAek6emlDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&r
    esnum=1
    Kandi - Kapu surname. http://www.bookrags.com/wiki/Kapu_(caste)
    Kandu - agriculture - grain-parchers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=G9o8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA204&lpg=PA204&dq=Kandu+%22Caste%
    22&source=bl&ots=I6SqTrL0Xe&sig=7KbqEUtRu5rWcaFCbyEKXGUvvE&hl=en&ei=PcsLSrLbNdPMjAekmsCzBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=
    1
    Kanjar - a wandering tribe- nomads and gypsies.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=1QmrSwFYe60C&pg=RA6-PA475&lpg=RA6PA475&dq=Kunjara+Caste&source=bl&ots=qKY6cZj89a&sig=cD4BFoWLoiGlDA_j9Emh9inV4s4&hl=e
    n&ei=I35DStm_LNLS-Qbw98ks&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Kannady- Probably refers to a person from Kannada. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kannadiga

    Kanoo - traders. http://madhesi.wordpress.com/2006/10/20/the-plains-people-the-tarai-peopleare-not-one-faceless-group/


    Kapu or Kaapu in Telugu means protector. Kapus speak Telugu and are primarily an Agrarian
    community. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapu_Caste
    Karan - writer caste.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=WhpjsPghUfYC&pg=PA90&lpg=PA90&dq=%22Karan%22+%22Ca
    ste%22&source=bl&ots=wGFPrCsUy&sig=oE2CJi1VcSfI0R3oTK34fHwXm6A&hl=en&ei=w88nSsX5KcOOAaniIHLDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9
    Karanam or Karana - accountants, tax collectors, court, Govt. officials.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karanam
    Karara - a tribe of Brahmins.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=a1YOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP30&lpg=PP30&dq=%22Karara%22+%22
    Caste%22&source=bl&ots=B0V8oVUcwq&sig=sef66YwPA17D2dS-yR-hnvs1mMY&hl=en&ei=fyFDSpzNIyy-Aa0rqAf&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Karava - carpenters, boatbuilders, fishermen, distillers of liquor, traders.
    http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~lkawgw/karava.html
    Karumba - hunters and pastoral people.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=HbAjKR_iHogC&pg=PA137&lpg=PA137&dq=Karumba+%22Caste
    %22&source=bl&ots=UXIm7Q8fmK&sig=H_thVpKckdrq5ophaGN77N786g&hl=en&ei=eRpDSr_cD4jY-QbR5rQk&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Kasarwani - traders in brass and bell-metals.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=zl2mSCfgyu4C&pg=PA211&lpg=PA211&dq=Kasarwani&source=
    bl&ots=AvXmZMii_Q&sig=ShAdOFuIbMq_hU_W-8X7LesgjZA&hl=en&ei=Fy9DSt34J5LbQbul_Qb&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5
    Kasera - manufacturers and dealers in brass utensils. http://www.nisiet-cluster.org/pdf/pareo.pdf
    Kathi - land-owning caste - Rajput - Initially a warrior clan but largely farmers and landowners.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=NYK7ZSpPzkUC&pg=PA318&lpg=PA318&dq=%22Kathi%22+%22
    Caste%22&source=bl&ots=CtF615vIAn&sig=4pyLY9TBXX0QSf7utCQbd2uEMYw&hl=en&ei=PjhDSoD
    GHo_E-QbW1ZQn&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Kavandan or Gounder ' is the name of the head in a system of decentralised panchayat (Village
    Council) administration. Goundan is the derivation.
    http://www.lingoz.com/it/dictionary/Gounder%20(caste)
    Kavara or Gauras or Gavara were businessmen originally, although traditionally agriculturalists.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gavara
    Kavarais were originally devoted entirely to agriculture, trading and sailing.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapu_(caste)
    Kawar - forest tribe and culitvators.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=P_t3zmwNQVwC&pg=PA411&lpg=PA411&dq=%22Kawar%22+%
    22caste%22&source=bl&ots=0Va5KdTDS2&sig=8tUmJDedYlcb2HX6N34crF3Yjc&hl=en&ei=YEVDSsX4DcyD-QbLlaEK&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1

    Kayeth or Kayesth, Kaeth - the caste of scribes and accountants.


    http://www.kipling.org.uk/rg_kim_notes6.htm
    Kewat, Khewat, Keot - a caste of fishermen, boatmen and cultivators.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=yhV2DkrdNFkC&pg=PA422&lpg=PA422&dq=kewats+%22caste%
    22&source=bl&ots=La5OxuP3Qz&sig=ZNTIJQyUU2aiVan2XMzHGE8MxRs&hl=en&ei=Ld8CSrvsGaPUj
    Afi24nrBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Khangar - village watchmen and labourers.
    http://www.archive.org/stream/tribescastesofce03russ/tribescastesofce03russ_djvu.txt
    Kharwar - derived from the word khair "grass' used for various purposes eg. Mats etc.
    http://jharkhandi.com/kharwar.aspx
    Khatik - a caste of butchers, subdivision of Dhangars. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khatik
    Khatri , sub-caste of Kshatriya caste - traders and scribes.
    http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/316519/Khatri
    Kisan - meaning 'son of the soil' - cultivators.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=HbAjKR_iHogC&pg=PA284&lpg=PA284&dq=%22Kisan%22+%22C
    aste%22&source=bl&ots=UXIm5Tg9lH&sig=NwQ6_77rxhHPRXC4tdu4DC6b9Hw&hl=en&ei=RJ9ASoH
    TH4nu-AaAgKHECA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Koeri- Peasant and agrarian caste. Also Weavers.
    http://www.chaf.lib.latrobe.edu.au/dcd/page.php?title=&action=next&record=566
    Kohar, Kamhar or Kumhars - Traditional pottery makers.
    http://www.parliamentofindia.nic.in/lsdeb/ls10/ses5/3027119204.htm
    Kol - a tribal people employed in cutting down jungle from year to year, and in conveying the wood
    for sale. http://www.indianetzone.com/34/kol_indian_ethnic_group.htm
    Koli - are a forest tribe. Also engaged in agriculture.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=P_t3zmwNQVwC&pg=PR18&lpg=PR18&dq=Kol+forest+tribe&so
    urce=bl&ots=0Va5EcRFQ_&sig=iRqNoa_TkSXJia29oa1o8y0rkT0&hl=en&ei=cO85StKjDHRjAfp6_CZDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Komati , Komti, Comati - A tribe of Vaisya Caste - traders. http://books.google.com/books?id=lYSd3yL9h0C&pg=PA340&lpg=PA340&dq=Komati+Komti&source=bl&ots=aCmmHk35MU&sig=RglIjA0Dk
    hJboMnbhqH8yjhpu_s&hl=en&ei=stNuSqrlCJTNjAfqsq2eBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnu
    m=4
    Konar - Shepherds and cattle breeders (Tamil) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konar
    Kone - mat-makers http://articles.hosuronline.com/articleD.asp?pID=1069&PCat=31
    Konga - from Konga country - districts of Coimbatore and Salem.
    http://members.rediff.com/dockan/originofsurnamepillay.htm
    Kora - tribal caste. http://www.krepublishers.com/02-Journals/T%20&%20T/T%20&%20T-02-0-000000-2004-Web/T%20&%20T-02-2-077-135-2004-Abst-PDF/T%20&%20T-02-2-081-087-2004-027Paul-K-Mitra/T%20&%20T-02-2-081-087-2004-Paul-K-Mitra.pdf

    Korathy - tattooer.
    http://www.archive.org/stream/lifeinindianvill00ramarich/lifeinindianvill00ramarich_djvu.txt
    Korava, Koravan, Koravar - Hunters, hawkers/nomads/gypsies, weavers/basket-makers and palmreading.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=u8vvtDI9kt0C&pg=PA448&lpg=PA448&dq=Korava+%22Caste%2
    2&source=bl&ots=k9dX1a4_K&sig=u4Satb4gEPHbRfTKHDT7ExMsXbY&hl=en&ei=8tELSob0PNfOjAfOxL3GBg&sa=X&oi=book_resu
    lt&ct=result&resnum=4
    Kori - weavers and labourers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=P_t3zmwNQVwC&pg=PR18&lpg=PR18&dq=Kol+forest+tribe&so
    urce=bl&ots=0Va5EcRFQ_&sig=iRqNoa_TkSXJia29oa1o8y0rkT0&hl=en&ei=cO85StKjDHRjAfp6_CZDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Korunir? - sheep herder? .Kuru meaning sheep http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuruba
    Kosava, Kusava? - potters in Tamil http://groups.yahoo.com/group/INDOLOGY/message/2466
    Kosta, Kostha, - a caste of weavers maybe something to deal with kosa silk?
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewangan
    Koyburto - no details available.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=0PFJX1GdNZkC&pg=PA61&lpg=PA61&dq=%22Koyburto%22+%2
    2Caste%22&source=bl&ots=e54Duvboh&sig=5GnMSguxnA5ryCFdn7kfeleYlUA&hl=en&ei=PuU5SrbIC5m8jAeKiP31DQ&sa=X&oi=
    book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Kshatriya - constitutes the military and ruling order of the traditional Vedic-Hindu social system.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kshatriya
    Kudumban - of the Pallar Caste, a caste of agricultural labourers. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallar
    Kulu - Drum-makers. http://web.comhem.se/~u18515267/CHAPTERIV.htm
    Kumar, Kumhar, Kamhar -Traditional pottery makers.
    http://www.parliamentofindia.nic.in/lsdeb/ls10/ses5/3027119204.htm
    Kunbi or Kunabi word is equivalent to Farmer. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunbi
    Kundu -people are associated with agriculture. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kundu
    Kurmi, Kurmis or Kurmee are primarily agriculturalists. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurmi
    Kuruba has a direct meaning of one who heards "Kuri" (Sheep) in Kannada, mainly a Shepherd but
    the caste name may diifer by region with different names e.g. Kurumbar, Gorava, Dhangar, Ahirs, or
    Pal.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&search=Shepherd+caste&fulltext=Sea
    rch
    Kurunegala people - kurune meaning elephants tusk. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurunegala
    Kurupa - barber or warrior. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurup

    Kutwar or Kotwal - village watchmen.


    http://books.google.com/books?id=ZzbkTbqgGEoC&pg=PA270&lpg=PA270&dq=%22Kutwar%22+%2
    2Caste%22&source=bl&ots=hLMHtaK3P5&sig=KKCPp5HTcZUg7Px32TCKEMus_r8&hl=en&ei=GWpDS
    uisOobl-QbOpdUr&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9
    Labbai, Labbay, Labbai, Labba, is a distinctive Islamic community from Southern India. A Trading
    Community spread through the southern states of Tamil Nadu.
    http://www.everyculture.com/South-Asia/Labbai.html
    Lakhera - a caste that makes bangles and other articles of lac.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=P_t3zmwNQVwC&pg=PA3&lpg=PA3&dq=%22Lakhera%22+%22c
    aste%22&source=bl&ots=0Va6BbTzR_&sig=GjkQsriqpmdZ2v5Bd2FtQRXy6DI&hl=en&ei=QnxESub5G
    Ybu-AaizPwW&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Lala, Kaysth, Kaith - the caste of writers and accountants.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=yhV2DkrdNFkC&pg=PA404&lpg=PA404&dq=%22Lala%22+%22ca
    ste%22&source=bl&ots=La5TquObOw&sig=PADHsTZD6PjWBjU56iO46rkcUxo&hl=en&ei=LntESpyVM
    c-Q-AaX94zaBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8
    Lalbegi - Muslim Caste similar to Bhangi Caste. Bhangis are traditionally restricted to being sweepers,
    cleaning latrines and handling dead bodies (both human and animal)
    http://www.infinityfoundation.com/mandala/h_es/h_es_karan_caste.htm
    Lama - a Tibertan teacher. http://sawaal.ibibo.com/general-knowledge/lamas-caste-gurkhas523428.html
    Limbu - means or translates as an archer or 'the bearer of bows and arrows'.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbu_people
    Lingayat - a hindu relgious sect of Shiva worshippers.The adherents of this faith are known as
    Lingayats. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingayat
    Loadh - farmer. http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090128/jsp/nation/story_10449510.jsp
    Lodh or Lodha are one of the Scheduled Tribes of India. Largely agriculturalists.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lodha
    Lohar, Lahar - The members of this group are traditionally blacksmiths who work with iron (Loha)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lohar
    Lonia or Nunia, or Loniya, Nonia are from the Uppara caste (Salt and Lime preparers/workers)
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uppaara
    Maaran - Before the days of Sankaracharya their sole occupation was beating the drums in
    Brahminical Temples. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maaran
    Madary - Charmers, faith healers?
    http://74.125.77.132/search?q=cache:kEW4NcuWkgEJ:www.krepublishers.com/02-Journals/SEM/EM-01-1-000-000-2007-Web/EM-01-1-000-000-2007-Abst-PDF/EM-01-1-001-020-2007-001Bhasin-V/EM-01-1-001-020-001-Bhasin-V-Tt.pdf+Madary+charmer&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk
    Madiga - Leather working is one of the professions of Madigas and agricultural labourers in some
    regions of Andhra Pradesh. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madiga

    Madrasi - Person from Madras.


    Madrasu - The caste name MUTHARASU (Village watchmen and stone-workers) got modified to city
    name Madrasu. http://www.geocities.com/MUDIRAJA/mudiraju_kings.html
    Mahajans - Money-lenders.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=L50DmNRdmB0C&pg=PA238&lpg=PA238&dq=%22Mahajam%2
    2+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=xdIYPy0yi0&sig=uCXG1l8s8nyhh24SLomIrAI4Fao&hl=en&ei=L_0cSs
    DxE9TG-QaUsKDnBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Mahars, Mohara, Mahara, Mehra - - untouchables - low caste - live mainly in the Indian states of
    Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. - farmers. http://www.gfa.org/send/extras/whoare-the-maharas
    Mahur - Barber Caste.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=UQUtQzPtC6wC&pg=PA149&lpg=PA149&dq=Mahur+Caste&so
    urce=bl&ots=LjPXa05CT6&sig=ooqWmhkPDyrmHUIzv7Qjv8T_y6Q&hl=en&ei=CRsdSv-INcTMAbcnrDnBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Malabar is a generic term referring to South Indians emigrants recruited from the Malabar coast.
    Malas or Malla , a social group largely from Andhra Pradesh, were mostly agricultural workers.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mala_(caste)
    Malayali - group of people, who speak Malayalam, originating from the Indian state of Kerala.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayali
    Mali - Gardeners and flower sellers. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali_caste
    Malkana Rajputs? - warriors?
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=iroI_C8GTFsC&pg=PA45&lpg=PA45&dq=Malkana+Caste&sourc
    e=bl&ots=vXhtJVSU9x&sig=yBvup8yQ5SAU4V8XnoJgKkuu3qY&hl=en&ei=0R0dStbhApOD-AazennBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Mallah - Boatmen and fishermen.
    http://74.125.77.132/search?q=cache:EZoo5X7oy5AJ:www.ashgate.com/pdf/SamplePages/Caste_O
    ccupation_and_Politics_on_the_Ganges_Intro.pdf+Mallah+%22Caste%22&cd=17&hl=en&ct=clnk
    Mangala - Barbers. http://books.google.co.za/books?id=lYSd3yL9h0C&pg=PA464&lpg=PA464&dq=%22Mangala%22+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=aCmhEe4JO&sig=m20uTtv9yvcqEIM9_X2BF5LkvZY&hl=en&ei=CvocSqDZGcTLAag6annBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Manihar - caste of pedlars and hawkers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=76c1VSYnPE0C&pg=PA193&lpg=PA193&dq=%22Manihar%22+%
    22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=vh0ZYZy8YI&sig=fFWiOuyvuy2292isaC3R2OWWzw&hl=en&ei=5qxESpGiK5TX-QaCt5Qc&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Maniyagar - headman at village.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=pkU4AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA164&lpg=PA164&dq=%22Maniyagar%22
    +%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=ib3Zx0JUPu&sig=Jd_uzB2Nhx6r0OzO2Ih8ThJt_c&hl=en&ei=VgAdSuTHLNnT-QbusnDCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1

    Manjhi means 'Ferryman' . They earn their livelihood from agriculture.


    http://www.india9.com/i9show/Manjhi-Tribe-49260.htm
    Mannan - barber.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=u8vvtDI9kt0C&pg=PA134&lpg=PA134&dq=%22Mannan%22+%2
    2Caste%22&source=bl&ots=k9d--3002K&sig=_1x__RlvOrFFoElOY4abcgNw_Y&hl=en&ei=ia1EStfVI4HJ-Qbe5u0X&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Manthadi - a Tamil Caste.
    http://www.archive.org/stream/variouscensusin00unkngoog/variouscensusin00unkngoog_djvu.txt
    Mapalay, Moplahs were largely Arab Traders living in Tamil States. From the word "Mappila in Tamil
    which refers to son-in-law". http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mappilas
    Mara, Maravar, in Tamil, means a warrior. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mara
    Marata (Sudra?) -Maratha - People who speak Marathi Language - warriors and peasants.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maratha
    Maratha - People who speak Marathi Language - warriors and peasants.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maratha
    Mathiga - Cleaners ans scavengers who work with skin and leather as well. http://arunthathiyertamilnadu.blogspot.com/2008_06_01_archive.html
    Maula - In Arabic - maula means Master and slave both.
    Mawatee is a language.
    http://profile.urdumatrimony.com/profiledetail/viewprofile.php?id=U537978
    Medara, medari, Medar, Meda, Telugu caste of bamboo-workers and mat-makers of South India.
    http://mahendramedara.com/content/view/12/46/
    Meena or Mina is derived from the word 'meen' meaning fish claiming descent from the Matsya
    Avatar, or fish incarnation, of Vishnu. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meenas
    Mehter or mehtar a sweeper . http://www.kipling.org.uk/rg_lalbeg1.htm
    Mochi - a caste of cobblers and leather workers. http://hindu-society.blogspot.com/2008/02/aajanachle-caste-controvrsy.html
    Momin - a Muslim subgroup.
    Moopan in Tamil means elder or leader.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=73msCkfD5V8C&pg=PA119&lpg=PA119&dq=Muppan+%22Caste
    %22&source=bl&ots=jyToWhtfS4&sig=KT29nPxPxNj9IhPJp-e-YmjKFSk&hl=en&ei=o-4bSvDQBMW9AaI65zLDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Mosahar, Moosohur - Rodent and mice catchers. http://books.google.com/books?id=nJMsr0FY50C&pg=PA131&lpg=PA131&dq=Musahar+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=i3p6Q76Tyk&sig=yBV
    jxZxt2bUsawkMrrl07yW-IHM&hl=en&ei=cZtESoDSBM7xQbcpfAn&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9

    Mothi - sub-caste of Pasi. Pasi -Toddy-drawer caste lives by tapping palm for its juice to make liquor.
    Pasi (noose or belt) by means of which palm is climbed. http://www.goudindia.com/Goud-Toddydrawers.php
    Moyra, the confectioner caste - sweetmeats etc.
    http://banglapedia.search.com.bd/HT/M_0339.htm
    Mudaliar, Mudely, Mudaly, means a person of first rank in a feudal society.
    http://www.saivavellalar.com/index.php?pgid=10
    Mukkulathor? - comprise of three roughly designated groups, Kallar, Maravar and Agamudaiyar,
    which make up the community. Many of the members are still agriculturalists,
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thevar
    Mullah - Priestly Caste.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=EN3_3iJuxLgC&pg=PA150&lpg=PA150&dq=Mullah+%22Caste%2
    2&source=bl&ots=Yue41M57G_&sig=SwhPK67wQ9WyPasTsqrhhpD2Af8&hl=en&ei=ghYdSpCdDIKxQbQ3cjDCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5
    Mungur - tribe of Nepal.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=KoNT6tjk9mQC&pg=PA32&lpg=PA32&dq=Mungur+%22Caste%
    22&source=bl&ots=oRPTEXFVcu&sig=L1jEWX58FdkOJfQWg78Igw7xF8I&hl=en&ei=kyIdSpfDK8zNQa0p-TDCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Murai, Murao , from muli or radish.Subcaste of Kacchi - vegetable growers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=P_t3zmwNQVwC&pg=PA392&lpg=PA392&dq=Murai++%22Cast
    e%22&source=bl&ots=0Va2DkSyWY&sig=BNTRkEjyh90fs80TihMyJ1hWprI&hl=en&ei=otwLSqCCE9irj
    AfaxsieBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Muslim or Musalman, Mahomedan - belonging to the Islamic faith - followers of Islam.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=76c1VSYnPE0C&pg=PA262&lpg=PA262&dq=%22nao%22+%22Ca
    ste%22&source=bl&ots=vh0ZYZC5SE&sig=H9eGIUj4uTK7ITwzC9j0aAE1hSA&hl=en&ei=GrtEStSJHsPZQaI04UT&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Musti - Subcaste of Goala (sheep and cattle-herders). http://tripatlas.com/Gounder_(caste)
    Muthrasi, Mutrasi, Mutracha - Village watchmen and stone-workers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=P_t3zmwNQVwC&pg=PA392&lpg=PA392&dq=Muthrasi+%22Cas
    te%22&source=bl&ots=0Va3EfTGP4&sig=a2ju_3X3Djr2x5SNDPIxK4jwTkY&hl=en&ei=TgbSonnPMHO-Aa3n5TXAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5
    Nadar - Warrior Caste. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadar_(caste)
    Nagara - Telegu Caste, Nagara means a drum.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=UQUtQzPtC6wC&pg=PA139&lpg=PA139&dq=%22Nagara%22+
    %22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=LjPXa0dySZ&sig=vPbM_NNFUdBeKoXa6IEYvBybr4M&hl=en&ei=pjgdS
    qjxHIHL-AaAw6jnBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7
    Nagavumsa - Telegu Caste Nagara means a drum. - a subdivision of the Palli (Agriculturalists) Caste.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=UQUtQzPtC6wC&pg=PA139&lpg=PA139&dq=%22Nagara%22+
    %22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=LjPXa0dySZ&sig=vPbM_NNFUdBeKoXa6IEYvBybr4M&hl=en&ei=pjgdS
    qjxHIHL-AaAw6jnBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7

    Nai, Nao, Napit - Barber caste.


    http://books.google.com/books?id=76c1VSYnPE0C&pg=PA262&lpg=PA262&dq=%22nao%22+%22Ca
    ste%22&source=bl&ots=vh0ZYZC5SE&sig=H9eGIUj4uTK7ITwzC9j0aAE1hSA&hl=en&ei=GrtEStSJHsPZQaI04UT&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Naick,Nayak, Nayaka, Nayakar, Naicker, Naickan, Nayakkan. They are all derivatives of the original
    Sanskrit Nayaka, meaning a leader. http://wapedia.mobi/en/Nayak_(title)
    Naidu, Naidoo means leader. http://wapedia.mobi/en/Nayak_(title)
    Nair - Warrior caste, land managers and administrators. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nair
    Nambiar - Nair Sub-caste - Warrior class. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nambiar_(Nair_subcaste)
    Napit - Barber caste. http://banglapedia.search.com.bd/HT/N_0051.htm
    Nat - Entertainers. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VBF-4BFXP752&_user=2822922&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000058881&_version=
    1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=2822922&md5=4185c09706603ab8792224607b1eeedf
    Natha - Headman.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=HdSABP70H9sC&pg=PA215&lpg=PA215&dq=%22Nattan%22+%
    22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=G3G1oFW9DC&sig=7uOnkIA4g31pPS20gy0JyJplmSs&hl=en&ei=2zIdSq
    6rFoPI-Aang6nnBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Nattars were an administrative officials in the Tamil kingdoms. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nattar
    Nai, Nau - muslim barber.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=76c1VSYnPE0C&pg=PA262&lpg=PA262&dq=%22nao%22+%22Ca
    ste%22&source=bl&ots=vh0ZYZC5SE&sig=H9eGIUj4uTK7ITwzC9j0aAE1hSA&hl=en&ei=GrtEStSJHsPZQaI04UT&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Navithan, Navithar (Tamil) - Barber caste.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=8QPtAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Navithar%22+%22barbar%22&dq=%22N
    avithar%22+%22barbar%22
    Newar - Varios occupations - see link. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newar_Caste
    Neyalu - Andhra/Telegu Caste?
    Noonia, Nuniya, or Noniya are Lonia or Nunia, or Loniya, Nonia are from the Uppara caste (Salt and
    Lime preparers/workers). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uppara
    Odayan- Of the Kapu (protector) Caste, Udayan or Odeyer is a title commonly used - agrarian
    community. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapu_(caste)
    Odda - Kallu Oddas are stone workers while Manu Oddas are earthworkers, Odda Balija were
    seafarers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=bgpEIb4tNjgC&pg=PT66&lpg=PT66&dq=Odda+%22Caste%22&s
    ource=bl&ots=k0G68Kj7pT&sig=DnEHTzILUafTjAMytW1tAeIqa9U&hl=en&ei=WFQeSs_RLeOwtgek5d
    XsAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Odeyer - Of the Kapu (protector) Caste, Udayan or Odeyer is a title commonly used - agrarian
    community. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapu_(caste)

    Oilmonger -Chakkan, gandla, ganiga, sappaliga, telli, vaniyan? - The name Teli is given because of
    their profession of "making edible oil". http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teli
    Ojha - A Caste of Gond augurs. Ojh meaning entrails.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=P_t3zmwNQVwC&pg=PA394&lpg=PA394&dq=%22Okkilyan%22
    +%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=0Va3GbWySZ&sig=1yhxNqOkDuuFGxPD5wR0vTk0AEM&hl=en&ei=_
    2EeSo-2Dsuu_AbAks3JBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Okkilyan - synonym for Wakkaliga. Agriculturalists
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=P_t3zmwNQVwC&pg=PA394&lpg=PA394&dq=%22Okkilyan%22
    +%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=0Va3GbWySZ&sig=1yhxNqOkDuuFGxPD5wR0vTk0AEM&hl=en&ei=_
    2EeSo-2Dsuu_AbAks3JBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Oppara or Uppara meaning 'a person who works in salt'. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uppara
    Oriya - person from Orissa? Oriya (Language). http://www.everyculture.com/wc/Germany-toJamaica/Oriya.html
    Padayachi is one of the subsects of the Vanniyar caste. Traditionally Padayachis were foot soldiers.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padayatchi
    Padmasali - Telugu weaver Caste. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padmashali
    Palaiyakkarar, poligar, polygar or palegar was the title for a class of territorial administrative cum
    military chiefs. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palaiyakkarar
    Palla- Agricultural labourers - Tamil. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallar
    Pallar or Pallan - a caste of agricultural labourers. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallar
    Palli means a warrior. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanniyar
    Palli-Kapu means a warrior. Kapu in Telegu means to protect.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapu_(caste)
    Pan - originally weavers. http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080412024514AAvp2i9
    Panaka is a sweet juicy syrup. - place as well.
    Panan - Tailors, magicians and conjurers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=Erin3nkU3ZUC&pg=PA30&lpg=PA30&dq=Panan++%22Caste%22
    &source=bl&ots=1KYXzAvdmA&sig=MiliASGZvjj7aIeJszDjZRoZZB8&hl=en&ei=9acfSp3ABoTI-AbYY3NCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Panchama or Pancharam caste . Originally considered as Panchama or the fifth group beyond the
    four fold division of the caste system, untoucables, forbidden to worship/draw water as caste
    Hindus- usually lived in segregated main village. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalit
    Pandaram - landowners and priests.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Indian_caste_system
    Panday - Brahmin Caste. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandey
    Pangi - a tribal habitat in the Himalayas.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=UQUtQzPtC6wC&pg=PA17&lpg=PA17&dq=Pangi+%22Caste%22

    &source=bl&ots=LjPXb6bCR2&sig=1_-FBfoneLY3_gNm_xgvWH8ngo8&hl=en&ei=YaMfSqrCLsKeAajqpCoCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4
    Panicker was derived from the Sanskrit word 'Parinayaka' meaning 'captain of warriors'.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panicker
    Panisavan /Paniyan -literally means 'one who works or does service' - they carry news to the
    relations of the dead and also engaged in agriculture.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=Erin3nkU3ZUC&pg=PA57&lpg=PA57&dq=pan%CC%A3iyan+%22
    Caste%22&source=bl&ots=1KYXzAsagz&sig=79E9uTU1AU4F5gzurusKwXgga4&hl=en&ei=1JofSpn4FtrRQbJ16S8CQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8
    Panjari - Muslim class - Andra Pradesh.
    http://www.indiarightsonline.com/Sabrang/relipolcom13.nsf/5e7647d942f529c9e5256c3100376e2
    e/8340c6909c2145f865256df0002554db/$FILE/Dudekula+Muslims+of+Andhra+Pradesh.pdf
    Panka - Dravidian Caste of weavers and labourers.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=CLTfRUOuQ1YC&pg=PA401&lpg=PA401&dq=%22Panka%22+%2
    2Caste%22&source=bl&ots=pER79PuWdm&sig=v_y3zZkJ3aoygANOhLKM11eUtc&hl=en&ei=zpMeSt7HG4PK_ga9m43KBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=resu
    lt&resnum=2
    Panna - grass cutters. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panna_caste
    Paravan - fishermen caste. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paravan
    Paria, Pariya - Labourers in agrculture or industry - untouchables. Paraiyar denotes drum beaters as
    well as general agricultural labourers. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraiyar
    Parisa - assemblies or orders - possibly Buddhists?
    http://www.greatwesternvehicle.org/ati_website/glossary.html
    Parsee or Parsi are members of the Zoroastrian community. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsee
    Pasee, Pasi. Toddy-drawer, caste lives by tapping palm for its juice to make liquor. Pasi (noose or
    belt) by means of which palm is climbed. http://www.goudindia.com/Goud-Toddy-drawers.php
    Pathan - A Military group. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pashtun_people
    Pattanavan - fishing caste of Tamil Nadu.
    http://www.mapsofindia.com/tamilnadu/beaches/pulicat.html
    Patwa (pat meaning silk) - engaged is silk and cotton tread business.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=4bfmnmsBfQ4C&pg=PA1690&lpg=PA1690&dq=Patahar+%22Cas
    te%22&source=bl&ots=HFrhrbIcIL&sig=OSa8bBVE6zU64EpPFNKuhPXegg&hl=en&ei=YKwfSp7BNcqY-gaP5JCoCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Perika - gunny bag weavers -bags made of jute fibre. http://books.google.com/books?id=rffeWmj2JUC&pg=PA11&lpg=PA11&dq=Periki+%22caste%22&source=bl&ots=5Be157AHQk&sig=3cm
    0o0aZctlzV96VO3W6fWaI_tU&hl=en&ei=2ocjStz8OtnTQaLnIy7CQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5

    Pillai, Pillay, Pulle or Pilli - of Vellala Caste - agriculture and landlords.


    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pillai
    Pinjari - Muslim class - Andra Pradesh.
    http://www.indiarightsonline.com/Sabrang/relipolcom13.nsf/5e7647d942f529c9e5256c3100376e2
    e/8340c6909c2145f865256df0002554db/$FILE/Dudekula+Muslims+of+Andhra+Pradesh.pdf
    Poojali - Tamil Priests. http://www3.qeh.ox.ac.uk/pdf/qehwp/qehwps31.pdf
    Potters - of Kumhar, Kamhar, Kohar castes.
    http://www.parliamentofindia.nic.in/lsdeb/ls10/ses5/3027119204.htm
    Pulla - farmer? Pulla = stick , also Pulla = sour but not sweet. Could be Pallar caste - agriculturalists.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=J0gwZ_MBkmMC&pg=PA74&lpg=PA74&dq=%22Pulla%22+%22
    Caste%22&source=bl&ots=p9UpuxQYBl&sig=n7DqxeBjFOoEoYoieG1DQHUeTs&hl=en&ei=gIoeSq6LHYTE_QaAy9HKBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Pundarula - Telugu Caste.
    http://www.archive.org/stream/variouscensusin00unkngoog/variouscensusin00unkngoog_djvu.txt
    Pydee - Agricultural labour Caste.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=psw5AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA57&lpg=PA57&dq=Paidi+%22Caste%22
    &source=bl&ots=gk9bMbOiRa&sig=r9F9931OIRMCD1cSMNcoAkm7AV0&hl=en&ei=CJYfSpy9MM6wAas1eTSBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Rabari or Rewari - Rabari's main business used to be raising cattle, camels and goats.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabari
    Raidas or Ravidas(Saint) was of cobbler caste. http://vlex.in/vid/kishorilal-hans-raja-ram-singh-ors29690683
    Rajbansi- Bengali caste.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=Yib9wsfFMdQC&pg=PA32&lpg=PA32&dq=Rajhansi+%22Caste%2
    2&source=bl&ots=VBWfojAFgn&sig=R4Cq4R88v56gHSzRKdKHTNo6luk&hl=en&ei=_9AjSr_gHJLNQbg-ZzZCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Rajbhur, Rajbhar - means the earth, hence labourers, traditionally warriors.
    http://www.archive.org/stream/notesonnorthwest00raikrich/notesonnorthwest00raikrich_djvu.txt
    Rajput - Initially a warrior clan but largely farmers and landowners.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajput
    Raju - Military tribe - raju comes from the Sanskrit word Raj or Raja meaning King.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajus
    Rajwar- a cultivating caste. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamwal
    Ramjani - Professional singers and dancers? http://books.google.com/books?id=lYSd3yL9h0C&pg=PA95&lpg=PA95&dq=%22Ramjani%22+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=aCmmEf46MP&
    sig=Pnon14zO3yIUrsJkom_pEaNrL1s&hl=en&ei=yYBpSpa9EJOZjAfipoCeCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct
    =result&resnum=10
    Rastogi - craftsmen in gold. http://rastogimc.blogspot.com/

    Rawat - herdsmen.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=yhV2DkrdNFkC&pg=PA391&lpg=PA391&dq=Rawat+%22Caste%
    22&source=bl&ots=La5QyzObNv&sig=yRNjonoKQFnLo52vesToz-tjQ74&hl=en&ei=s6wjSsb2KpPNQb7_aSzCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Reddy, Reddi - Landowners and ruling class of ancient Telugu society. Many Reddys migrated to
    Tamilnadu centuries ago and formed a distinct community. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reddy
    Rellie - Caste in Andra Pradesh - agriculture. http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/download/1998.pdf
    Roniyar - traders. http://www.vaishfederation.in/about-us/vaish-subcast.htm
    Sagidi - a toddy tapper community - make liquor from palm trees.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=eZfcbtn6byIC&pg=PA321&lpg=PA321&dq=%22Sagidi%22+%22C
    aste%22&source=bl&ots=Q57ITVb5S&sig=vpirL9qTL1jyerDB0vb4o7vfSy0&hl=en&ei=dismSrq3BcHMAbD9aC3AQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Saithwar, 'Sainthwar' word is derived from 'Sihat-war ' which simply means 'one who left Sihat' Rajasthan, Kashmir and Punjab states and settled in eastern Uttar Pradesh and Western Bihar.
    http://rithuakhor.tripod.com/rithuakhor.htm
    Sakala, Sakala or Chakla means a dhobi or washerman. http://books.google.com/books?id=lYSd3yL9h0C&pg=PA143&lpg=PA143&dq=%22Sakla%22+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=aCmiAf_dST&sig
    =qGzL_1DA1Pfn1TbtJfLEkTznyx4&hl=en&ei=1UgmSvCpA8XNAa4k6HNDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Sakkili - (Telugu ) Sakkiliar also Chakilli, Sakkili and Arunthathiyar - menial labourers - night soil
    removers. http://www.telugupedia.com/wiki/index.php?title=Sakkiliar
    Sali, Saliya ,Chaliyan, Seniyar or Sale - Weavers. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaliyan
    Saman means things, wares hence "one who deals in wares'
    http://members.cox.net/wgunasegaram/CH8.htm
    Samanta? - warriors. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samanta_Kshatriya
    Sanapathi / Sanapathy - a Telugu Caste - headman or chief resolves disputes etc.
    http://www.lankalibrary.com/phpBB/viewtopic.php?f=19&t=4576
    Sanar - Toddy drawers - extract juice from plam trees - a form of drink in days when no tea or coffee
    was available. http://www.thinnai.com/?module=displaystory&story_id=80612281&format=print
    Santal - initially hunters and food-gatherers later became a peasant society - agriculture.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=PBxOrV2oEtAC&pg=PA76&lpg=PA76&dq=Santal+%22Caste%22
    &source=bl&ots=uLlvGBk0Oo&sig=CZXccTmbD-0JTpiUpp4FcpLaOuk&hl=en&ei=5W8mSs-hEpvUQam_8nPDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3
    Saora, Soura, Sowrah, Sora, Savara - caste of Orissa.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=qxxnZ4XxUbsC&pg=PA84&lpg=PA84&dq=%22Saura%22+%22Ca
    ste%22&source=bl&ots=fCJfLI3U6C&sig=3P4m2JYVe0oc3a2XpKXG5rQFzA&hl=en&ei=iDQmSsnuLMHQAbhoayvDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5

    Satani - a caste of temple servants. https://www.vedamsbooks.com/no42351.htm


    Sayyid - descendants of Ali, son -in-law of Mohamed - Muslims.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=UQUtQzPtC6wC&pg=RA1-PA391&lpg=RA1PA391&dq=Sayad+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=LjPY617FQ6&sig=-HzWDNX5-NsS0BORfGUe8s8Iic&hl=en&ei=t3ImSu7hMMeA-AbIjtDPDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Sedar or Chedar - weavers. http://wapedia.mobi/en/Gadhavi
    Sembadava - fishing caste. http://articles.hosuronline.com/articleD.asp?pID=1068&PCat=31
    Senguntha, Sengunthar - a warrior Caste. http://www.scribd.com/doc/5517432/SENGUNTHAR
    Serva or Agamudian - Agamudaiyan" or "Ahamudaiyan". " derived from the root aham, which, in
    Tamil, has many significations.In one of these, it means a house, in another earth, hence
    householder or landowner or agriculturalists
    http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Mukkulathor
    Shanan - Warrior Caste. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadar_(caste)
    Shatria - Warrior Caste. http://correlator.sandbox.yahoo.net/index.php/people/Kshatriya
    Sheik - Muslim.
    Shepherd - Kuruba, Gorava, Ahir or Pal caste.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&search=Shepherd+caste&fulltext=Sea
    rch
    Shoemaker -Leatherworker caste - any of Chambar, Chamaar, Chamar, (Teleugu cobblers (chura);
    Muchi, Giniya, Nakha, Charikara). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamar
    Sikari- Hunters. http://www.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/YAVATMAL/people_castes.html
    Sikhism - followers of Guru Nanak.
    http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/543916/Sikhism/253170/The-rejection-of-caste
    Singalese - language? http://books.google.com/books?id=b0NEREFz8p0C&pg=RA1-PA116&lpg=RA1PA116&dq=Singalese+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=WJ4XU5sOPq&sig=3EdYh5vFdmtCysr3r3bSTAZ
    Yx3E&hl=en&ei=A-ooSr_-JIOy-QaZ8eX5CA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Singh - derived from the Sanskrit word Simha meaning lion. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singh
    Sirdar - Headman.
    Siviars are royal palanquin bearers. When referred to as Bestha Siviar then besthas are fishermen.
    http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Caste_system_in_Sri_Lanka
    Sola weed which grows alongside rice is grown by the gardener caste -used to make sola hats or
    topis. http://books.google.co.za/books?id=3VQTAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA389&lpg=RA1PA389&dq=Sola+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=emKCX8hES4&sig=hY1BvZwUQGbgvJhYOoTUbLiBU
    Y8&hl=en&ei=ZdwoSu9Fm4P4BpzrhIMJ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10
    Sonar - community of goldsmiths, silversmiths and jewellers.
    http://www.indianetzone.com/36/sonar_hindu_caste.htm

    Sudarman - an elder or headman.


    http://books.google.com/books?id=FnB3k8fx5oEC&pg=PA118&lpg=PA118&dq=%22Sudarman%22+
    %22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=KbdOr6INb-&sig=9S7xJTTRtZjyljDLE1g25K9o4w&hl=en&ei=yiolSuGSDsXF-QaY2vneBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5
    Sudgope - landowners.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=r7ar3x8KAOsC&pg=PA131&lpg=PA131&dq=%22Sadgope%22+%
    22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=14keZgZUiF&sig=l_Xdhll9fc0zZd6qq6_lfZsCDOM
    Sudra - servants and labourers - farmers, craftsmen and labourers.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shudra
    Sundhi, Sondhi, Sudi- is derived from the Sanskrit Shaundik, a spirit-seller or distillers of alcohol.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shudra
    Sweeper - could be any of Bhangi, Mihtar, Pore, Mahar, Valmiki castes.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=DUsxDMyv3fcC&pg=PA12&lpg=PA12&dq=Mehtar+Bhangi&sour
    ce=bl&ots=0LyJVohsKZ&sig=I755a7I-lGGMcfi_s4LiB6xsYlU&hl=en&ei=-oFpSsrqItagjAf5uimCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Talayari - village watchmen. http://books.google.co.za/books?id=2qxsmrZLyUC&pg=PA114&lpg=PA114&dq=Talayari+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=RxEabtxoI&sig=_aevtxu0fXRQJNJWL_rXiSnm8DQ&hl=en&ei=Nc0sSpuoH83MjAeDrunuCg&sa=X&oi=book_r
    esult&ct=result&resnum=4
    Tali -Subdivision of the Kaikolins meaning "red dagger in the hand".
    http://books.google.com/books?id=nJMsr0FY50C&pg=PA390&lpg=PA390&dq=%22Tali%22++%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=i3p4S6bXCh&sig
    =mwYbB6NgIuNWhZpq3qaXqL5G_iY&hl=en&ei=XhIpStGOAYPHAaO_d3qCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7
    Tamboli, Tamoli - A Caste of betel vine growers and betel leaf sellers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=G6k03mvHoBwC&pg=PA66&lpg=PA66&dq=Tamoli+%22Caste%2
    2&source=bl&ots=NhH6m2VRax&sig=IztTvsVaGq0yNCt9yzz3VocYzhU&hl=en&ei=7vIoSpapAYPVAan373yCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9
    Tantwa or Tanti - weavers. http://books.google.com/books?id=Be3PCvzfBYC&pg=PA276&lpg=PA276&dq=Tantwa+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=9i5rP9nfvp&sig=pk2BrukfZ
    pn2oG4ujzDPKWCHXn0&hl=en&ei=0A8pSrf1EMHL-AbQouTCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Telaga is a warrior sub caste or division of the Kapu, or Naidu community of Andhra Pradesh.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telaga
    Teli - The name Teli is given because of their profession of "making edible oil".
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teli
    Thakur - Landowner/agriculturalist.
    http://www.umanitoba.ca/institutes/natural_resources/mountain/book/5/3.html
    Thalayari - village watchmen.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=73msCkfD5V8C&pg=PA84&lpg=PA84&dq=%22Thalayari+%22Ca

    ste%22&source=bl&ots=jyTpXiwgP1&sig=M37lK3iJVOPa9cm7Ek1TStQH_oA&hl=en&ei=jeosSuvlMIq
    2-Qahp5iBCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Thambar - part of Dhangar clan - shepherds. http://www.bookrags.com/wiki/Dhangar
    Thandan or Thandar caste -tree climbing and coconut plucking are their traditional occupation. Their
    women folk engage in coconut palm leaf platting, rope making and also work as agricultural
    labourer. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thandan
    Thapa - a Nepalese Tribe.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=AiU50pM_z6MC&pg=PA286&lpg=PA286&dq=Thapa+%22Caste
    %22&source=bl&ots=wF1A9Cw9vO&sig=h9WuEu7xCwGkDBKsUgUKroYNDA&hl=en&ei=kA0pSt_eFsS0Abfj7n2CA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Thatera - Communities making ornaments, weapons, pottery and other labor-based items.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepalese_caste_system
    Thattar- Goldsmiths.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=5AQcVvbHzdcC&pg=PA21&lpg=PA21&dq=%22Thattar%22%22C
    aste%22&source=bl&ots=NS-cBtnSWm&sig=jBR2rl8zb7ghs5pzYDpcOme9dQ&hl=en&ei=1v0sSvaDN8O9-Ab9-eWMCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Thavars - comprise of three roughly designated groups, Kallar, Maravar and Agamudaiyar, which
    make up the community. many of the members are still agriculturalists,
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thevar
    Thenga means stick or coconut. http://cciori.org/binjigiri_1.htm
    Theva , Deva, Dewar caste (also known as Kaibarta) specifically refers to the fishing communities.
    http://insightjnu.blogspot.com/2005/09/dewar-caste-and-its-identity.html
    Thevanga - a Telugu Caste , Chetty among both Tamils and Telugus - agriculture and trade.
    http://www.4to40.com/newsat4/index.asp?id=2170&city=Coimbatore
    Thigalas also known as Thigalava or Thigalaru. Tigalas are a sub caste of the numerous Vanniar caste
    (largely farmers)of Tamil Nadu and Southern Andhra Pradesh. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigala
    Thiyan - Toddy tappers - make liquor from palm trees. http://books.google.com/books?id=nJMsr0FY50C&pg=PA324&lpg=PA324&dq=thiyan+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=i3p3S9fREm&sig=UuP7
    BWcpv7F3ZgWimveLjK1uhSU&hl=en&ei=r1IaSoyqEcbGQa_3pXMDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2
    Thiyas were traditionally employed as Farmers, Ayurveda Physicians, Warriors, and Traders, and
    were also involved in toddy tapping. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezhava
    Thogata - Tailors and dyers. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telugu_castes
    Tholuvan - a Telugu Caste.
    http://www.archive.org/stream/variouscensusin00unkngoog/variouscensusin00unkngoog_djvu.txt
    Toddy tappers - make drink from palm trees in days when no tea or coffee was available. - Pausee or
    Sanar Caste? http://www.goudindia.com/Goud-Toddy-drawers.php

    Toty - sweeper in village, feeds cattle, and carry letters to/from officials.
    http://books.google.co.za/books?id=c8HQxY3h6EC&pg=PA76&lpg=PA76&dq=%22Toty%22%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=YcaI2EPEaW&sig=HMMO
    LYGSX16l8aZBcqZ6i4aSS6I&hl=en&ei=-PEsSqjjJ9XTQaR2sTqCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
    Tulukkar - Muslim Tamils , traders etc.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=MTh4pixlifYC&pg=PA73&lpg=PA73&dq=%22Tulukkar%22+%22C
    aste%22&source=bl&ots=k6scTsTuka&sig=JXcdzMzFJ001yQlx5V_5wExcnsg&hl=en&ei=oRkuSrJ61bu
    MB4H77ZAL&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Turha - Turaihas are also known as Turai, Turaha, Turahiya - fishermen tribe.
    http://www.joshuaproject.net/peopctry.php?rop3=113816&rog3=IN
    Tussah - probably weavers?
    http://books.google.com/books?id=7WEDVuzAFekC&pg=PA305&lpg=PA305&dq=%22Tussah%22++
    %22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=k_H5hMYQlo&sig=4Ix9dtNyBLC5lbredMqZPX2zlSk&hl=en&ei=6BwpS
    pT5JITM-Aapv5D7CA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1
    Udayan - Of the Kapu (protector) Caste, Udayan or Odeyer is a title commonly used.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapu_(caste)
    Uppaaras , also called upara , uppara , upar are Agriculturalists. Uppara meaning is 'a person who
    works in salt' or a mason. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uppara
    Vadugan - means "people from the north" - mostly engaged in toddy tapping, ayurvedic treatments.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaduge
    Vakkaliga - Animal husbandry, settled cultivation and horticulture are the traditional occupations of
    this community. http://www.joshuaproject.net/peopctry.php?rog3=IN&rop3=113838
    Valayan - fishermen. http://books.google.com/books?id=Be3PCvzfBYC&pg=PA357&lpg=PA357&dq=Valaya+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=9i5rTdifwi&sig=HZVlID495lxuwKKH0tzPQN336M&hl=en&ei=C7MvSsXgN4XBAbsoJCBCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7
    Valluvan are Astrologers and priests.
    http://www.saivaneri.org/pillais_or_pillay_origin_of_surname_pillai_or_pillay-treatise2.htm
    Vanniar or Vannia or vaniah is the title of a feudal chief of medieval Sri Lanka. - largely farmers
    (Tamil). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanniar_(Chieftain)
    Veddas were originally hunter-gatherers. They used bows and arrows to hunt game, and also
    gathered wild plants and honey. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedda
    Velama or Elama is one of the older feudal castes or social groups in the Indian state of Andhra
    Pradesh . Mostly farmers though initially warriors. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velama
    Vellalans or Velalars are a caste of Tamil agricultural landlords in the states of Tamil Nadu.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vellalar
    Vettaikkaaran or Vettaikaran, meaning "hunter" in Tamil, Vettuvan in Telugu means hunter as well.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vettaikkaran

    Vettuvan - hunters. http://www.telugupedia.com/wiki/index.php?title=Mudiraju


    Villi or Villiya means a 'bow-man' or hunter. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodiya
    Vithava - a widow or person who gave up or postphoned marriage.
    http://forumhub.mayyam.com/hub/viewtopic.php?p=36174
    Vodda, Vaddar or Odda -divided into Kalu (Stone), Manu(earth) and Uppa (salt) workers.
    http://books.google.com/books?id=k-C9xHsSnEC&pg=PA116&lpg=PA116&dq=%22Vodda%22+%22Caste%22&source=bl&ots=QNQBvKJgo&sig=PXWn_Ql4MXZsKr5dRBUDhlhh5QI&hl=en&ei=xYcvSrKyF4PSjAens7GXCw&sa=X&oi=
    book_result&ct=result&resnum=7
    Vorya - Tamil Caste name.
    Vysia - trading caste. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vysya
    Waiter - Usually were special servants.
    Washerman - The Dhoby or Dhobi caste are Washermen.
    http://www.indianetzone.com/31/dhobi_washerman_caste.htm
    Weaver (Sali, Saliya, Jolaha ,Chaliyan, Devanga or similar caste).
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devanga
    Woopara, Uppaaras , also called upara , uppara , upar are Agriculturalists. Uppara meaning is 'a
    person who works in salt' or a mason. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uppara
    Yadavs were known for their bravery and diplomatic wisdom (Governance).
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yadav
    Yanadi or Yenadi - The Yanadi are located in Andhra Pradesh, southern India. They speak Yanadi,
    which belongs to the Telugu language family.The Yanadi are mainly rural farmers,
    http://www.prayway.com/unreached/peoplegroups2/1489.html
    Yata - Toddy tappers - make drink from palm trees in days when no tea or coffee was available. Are
    also weavers of mats and baskets, made from the palm leaf. http://www.goudindia.com/GoudToddy-drawers.php
    Yediga, Edigas or Idigas? are people living mainly in Karnataka.Edigas are involved in soma and
    Ayurvedic medicine in ancient days and later as toddy-tappers of palm trees to make liquor.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiga
    Yenadi , Yanadi are located in Andhra Pradesh, southern India. They speak Yanadi, which belongs to
    the Telugu language family.The Yanadi are mainly rural farmers.
    http://www.prayway.com/unreached/peoplegroups2/1489.html
    Yerukala, Erukala, or Kurru. They are called as Yerukula in Andhra Pradesh after their womens
    traditional profession of fortune telling (Eruka cheputa) - Initially hunters and gatherers. Later
    agriculturalists, petty traders in mats, ropes etc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yerukala
    Zamindar - A landowner; also, a collector of land revenue.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamindari_system

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