Math Term 3 Notes

Name: Yeo Xing Yee

1A3

Class: -

Topics covered:
Statistics,
Coordinate Geometry, Basic Geometry,
Polygons,3D figures,
Area and Perimeter and Volume

STATISTICS
Statistics is the study of graphs.
Mean - average
E.g. to find the mean score of the class = total
score / the number of students.
Median - Middle
e.g. 1, 2, 3, 7, 9 median is 3, which is at the
middle position. For odd no. of numbers.
For even no. of numbers:
1, 3, 4, 5
The median is the 2 numbers in the middle/2
=3+4/2=3.5
For mode, mode is the one that is the most
popular, which means the one that is being
repeated the most.
1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5

Mode-3

COORDINATE GEOMETRY
This is how you relate algebra to geometry.
From an algebraic equation, we will link it to a
graph.
X coordinate - horizontal
Y-coordinate - vertical
Name of a point - (x, y)
y = mx+c
Where
m = gradient
y=y x=x c=y intercept
= rise/run or vertical distance/horizontal
distance
for example, when y=1 when x=2, then the point
will be on (2, 1)

BASIC GEOMETRY
Basic geometry consists of points, lines and planes.

Points, Lines and Planes

Most basic geometric figure = point
Plane = flat surface in which 2 points joined by line that
lies entirely on a surface. (Wall, floor = vertical plane,
horizontal plane)

Angles
Instruments used: Protractor, compass
Abbreviations to remember
1. Base angles of isos Triangle
2. Adj angles on a str line
3. Angles at a point (360 no need to include bracket)
4. Ext angles of Triangle
5. Alt angles, AB//CD
6. Int angles, CD//EF
7. Corr angles, EF//GH
8. Angles sum of Triangle
9. Vertically oppo angles
10.
Property of square
11.
Angles sum of quadrilateral
12.
Equilateral Triangles

POLYGONS
Polygons are planes that have 3 or more sides
3
4
5
6

sided
sided
sided
sided

triangle
quadrilateral
pentagon
hexagon

7 sided - heptagon
8 sided - octagon
9 sided - nonagon
10 sided - decagon
To find sum of interior angles of REGULAR polygon:
(n-2)180 where n = no. of sides
Sum of exterior angles of polygon is ALWAYS 360

3D FIGURES
There are 2 types of 3D figures. Regular and
irregular.
Regular figures have a uniform cross-section.
Examples of regular figures:
Cuboid
Cube
Cylinder
Irregular figures DO NOT have a uniform cross-section
Examples of irregular figures:
Pyramid
Cone
Sphere
Hemisphere
Vertex is the highest point of a figure.

AREA & VOLUME & PERIMETER

Cuboid:
Volume: Length x Breadth x Height
Surface Area: (length x breadth + length

height) 2

Cube:
Volume: Length x length x length
Surface Area: Length length 6

height + breadth

Cylinder:
Volume: r h
Surface Area: 2rH + 2r2 ---> Closed
2rH + r2 ---> Partial (Only top/Only base)
2rH ---> Open (No top & no base)

Sphere:
Volume: 4/3 r
Surface Area: 4r
Find the volume of a sphere of radius 9.6 m, rounding your
answer to two decimal places.

Solution:

Hemisphere:
Volume: r3
Surface Area: 2r2 ---> Open
2r2 + r2 ---> Closed

V = r
= (7)
= 228
Surface area of solid hemisphere = 3r^2
= 3 (49)
= 147cm

CONE:
Volume: x r x H
Area: rS
S: the slant height (Hypotenuse)
Diagram 1

Diagram 2

Radius of the circle in Diagram 1 is 5cm

Find the volume of the cone in Diagram 2 when
the points are joined together without overlapping.
Area of circle = Surface Area of Cone without the base circle
r2 = (5)2
= r (5)
r = 5()
= 15/4
By Pythagoras theorem, h + r= l
h = (5- ([15/4])

V = x (15/4) x [5-(15/4)]
= 48.7cm3 (3sf)

Volume = rh
= () (

PYRAMID:
Volume: x Base x Height
Surface Area: (Area of Triangles) + Base