Professional Documents
Culture Documents
I.
GENERAL CONCEPTS
A. Definition
a. Labor
b. Labor Law
c. Labor Standards v. Labor Relations
d. Social Legislation
B. Sources
a. 1987 Constitution
Art. II, Secs. 5, 9, 10, 13, 14, 18, 20
Art. III, Secs. 1, 4, 8
Art. XIII, Secs. 1-2, 3, 14
b. Statutes and Jurisprudence
c. Company practice
Read: Eastern Telecommunications Phils., Inc. v. Eastern Telecoms Employees Union,
G.R. No. 185665, February 08, 2012
Vergara, Jr. v. Coca Cola Bottlers Phils., Inc., G.R. No. 185665, February 8, 2012
d. Contracts
C. Social Justice
a. Definition
b. Application
Read: Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company v. NLRC, G.R. No. L-80609,
August 23, 1998, 164 SCRA 671
Manila Water Company v. del Rosario, G.R. No. 188747, January 29, 2014
D. Employer-employee Relationship
a. Four-fold test applied
Read: Tesoro v. Metro Manila Retreaders, Inc., G.R. No. 171482, March 12, 2014
Atok Big Wedge Company, Inc. v. Gison , G.R. No. 16095, August 8, 2011
Coca Cola Bottlers (Phils.) Inc. v. Climaco, G.R. No. 146881, February 5, 2007
E. Management Prerogative
a. Definition/Basis
Read: San Miguel Corporation v. NLRC, G.R. No. 146121-22, April 16, 2008, 551 SCRA
410
b. Generally not subject to judicial interference
Read: Areno, Jr. v. Skycable PCC-Baguio, G.R. No. 180302, Feb. 5, 2010, 611 SCRA 721
EXCEPTION: Coca-Cola Export Corp. v. Gacayan, G.R. No. 149433, December 15, 2010
c.
d.
F. Employment Restriction
a. Prohibition against competitive employment
Read: Rivera v. Solidbank Corporation, G.R. No. 163269, April 19, 2006, 487 SCRA 512
b. Prohibition on marriage; Bona fide occupational qualification exception
Read: Duncan Association of Detailman-PTGWO v. Glaxo Wellcome, G.R. No. 162994,
September 17, 2004
Star Paper Corporation v. Simbol, G.R. No. 164774, April 12, 2006
PT&T v. NLRC, G.R. No. 118978, May 23, 1997
II.
Read: ATCI Overseas Corporation v. Echin, G.R. No. 178551, October 11, 2010
Becmen Service Exporter and Promotions, Inc. v. Sps. Cuaresma, G.R.
Nos. 182978-79, April 27, 2009
Sunace International Manpower Services v. NLRC, G.R. No. 161757,
January 25, 2006
E. Book One, Title II, Arts. 39-42
F. Book, Two, Title II, Chapters I-III
1.
Definition
a. Apprentice, Apprenticeship Agreement, Apprenticeship Occupation
b. Learners
c. Handicapped workers
Read: R.A. No. 7796 (TESDA Law), sec. 4
R.A. No. 7277 (Magna Carta for Persons with Disability), secs. 4, 5, 7, 32
R.A. No. 7610, sec. 12 (as amended by R.A. No. 9231)
Read: E.O. No. 203, R.A. No. 9177, R.A. No. 9256, R.A. No. 9492, R.A. No. 9849,
Proclamation No. 459, s. 2012
a. Rationale/Entitlement; Two regular holidays on one day
Read: Asian Transmission Corp. v. CA, G.R. No. 144644, March 15, 2004
b. Teachers paid by the hour
Read: Jose Rizal College v. NLRC, G.R. No. L-65482, 156 SCRA 27
c. Muslim holidays
Read: San Miguel Corporation v. CA, G.R. No. 146775, 375 SCRA 311
d. Service Incentive Leave (Art. 95); Vacation and sick leave
i. When demandable; Commutation
Read: Fernandez v. NLRC, G.R. No. 105892, January 28, 1998
ii. At least one year of service; Reckoning period
Read: JPL Mktg. Promotions v. CA, G.R. No. 151966, July 8, 2005, 463 SCRA 136
Fernandez v. NLRC, G.R. No. 105892, January 28, 1998
e. Special Leaves
Read: R.A. No. 8972 (Solo Parent Act), sec. 8
R.A. No. 9262 (VAWC), sec. 43
R.A. No. 9710 (Magna Carta of Women), sec. 18
f. Service Charges; Tips (Art. 96; Secs. 1-5, Rule IV, Book III, Rules)
i. Tips, defined
Read: Ace Navigation Co. v. CA, G.R. No. 140364, Aug. 15, 2000, 338 SCRA 70
ii. When not entitled
Read: Maranaw Hotels v. NLRC, G.R. No. 123880, Feb. 23, 1999, 303 SCRA 540
g. 13th Month Pay
Read: P.D. No. 851 (13th Month Pay Law)
i. Employees not entitled
Read: House of Sara Lee v. Rey, G.R. No. 149013, August 31, 2006
Petroleum Shipping Limited v. NLRC, G.R. No. 148130, June 16, 2006
ii. Basis for computation
Read: Honda Phils. v. Samahan ng Malalayang Manggagawa sa Honda, 460
SCRA 186
iii. Bonus
Read: United CMC Textile Workers Union v. Valenzuela, 149 SCRA 424
Producers Bank v. NLRC, 355 SCRA 489
3. Chapter III, Arts. 97-96; Title II, Arts. 97-105, 110-119, 123-129
a. No work, no pay
Read: Escario v. NLRC, G.R. No. 160302, October 10, 2010
b. Wages/Salary, Facilities, Supplement
Read: DOLE Department Order No. 118-12, series of 2012 (January 13, 2012)
Labor Advisory on Payment of Salaries thru ATM, November 25, 1996
SLL International Cables Specialist v. NLRC, G.R. No. 172161, Mar. 2, 2011
Millares v. NLRC, G.R. No. 122827, March 29, 1999, 305 SCRA 500
Mayon Hotel v. Adana, G.R. No. 157634, May 16, 2005
i. Bonus included/not included; a demandable obligation
Read: Metro Transit Organizations, Inc. v. NLRC, 245 SCRA 767
Eastern Telecoms Philippines, Inc. v. Eastern Telecoms Employees
Union, G.R. No. 185665, February 8, 2012
ii. Sales commissions
Read: Philippine Duplicators, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 110068, 241 SCRA 380
iii. Meal coupons
Read: States Marine Corp. v. Cebu Seamens Asso. Inc., G.R. No. L-12444,
February 28, 1963, 7 SCRA 294
c. Equal pay for work of equal value
Read: International School Alliance of Educators v. Quisumbing, G.R. No. 128845,
June 1, 2000, 333 SCRA 13
d. Withholding of wages
Read: SHS Perforated Materials v. Diaz, G.R. No. 185814, October 13, 2010
e. Direct payment principle
f. Non-diminution of benefits principle
Read: Central Azucarera de Tarlac v. Central Azucarera de Tarlac Labor UnionNLU, G.R. No. G.R. No. 188949, July 26, 2010
Wesleyan University v. Wesleyan Univ-Faculty and Staff Asso., G.R. No.
181806, March 12, 2014
g. Preferential right in case of bankruptcy
Read: DBP v. NLRC, G.R. No s. 100264-81, January 29, 1993
h. Attorneys Fees
i. Wage Order
j. Wage distortion
Read: Prubankers Association v. Prudential Bank & Trust Company, G.R. No. G.R.
No. 131247, January 25, 1999
k. Visitorial and Enforcement power
l. Adjudicatory Power
Read: Balladares v. Peak Ventures Corp., G.R. No. 161794, June 16, 2009
Cirineo Bowling v. Sensing, G.R. No. 146572, January 14, 2005
4. Title III, Arts. 122-155
Read: R.A. No. 7322 (Maternity Leave Act), R.A. 8187 (Paternity Leave Act), R.A. 8282,
sec. 14 (SSS Law)
R.A. No. 9262 (Anti-Violence against Women and Children Act), sec. 3
R.A. No. 9710 (Magna Carta of Women), secs. 4(b), 12, 13, 18
R.A. No. 7877 (Anti-Sexual Harassment Act), Secs. 3-6
R.A. No. 7610 sec. 12, as amended by R.A. 7658 and R.A. 9231
Barcenas v. NLRC, 187 SCRA 498
Bacsin v. Wahiman, 553 SCRA 137
Domingo v. Rayala, G.R. No. 155831, February 18, 2008
Classification of employees
i.
Read: Sy. Fairland Knitcraft, G.R. No. 182915, December 12, 2011
Alilin v. Petron, G.R. No. 177592, June 9, 2014
Sonza v. ABS-CBN, G.R. No. 138051, June 10, 2004
Bernarte v. Phil. Basketball Asso., G.R. No. 192084, September 14, 2011
Vigilla v. Phil. College of Criminology, G.R. No. 200094, June 10, 2013
ii.
Read: Universal Robina v. Acibo, G.R. No. 186439, January 15, 2014
Dela Cruz v. Maersk Filipinas Crewing, Inc., 551 SCRA 284
Saberola v. Suarez, 558 SCRA 135
Leyte Geothermal Power Progressive Employees Union v. PNOC-EDC,
G.R. No. 170351, March 30, 2011
Aro v. NLRC, G.R. No. 174792, March 7, 2012
Mercado v. AMA Computer College, G.R. No. 183572, April 13, 2010
2010 Manual of Regulations for Private Schools, sec. 63
2008 Manual of Regulations for Private Higher Education, secs. 35-36,
117
2. Termination by Employee
a. Just cause (Art. 285[b])
b. Without cause (Art. 285[a])
i. Resignation
Read: Alfaro v. CA, 363 SCRA 799
Intertrod Maritime v. NLRC, 198 SCRA 318
Blue Angel Manpower and Security Services, Inc. v. CA, 560 SCRA 157
Vicente v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 175988, October 4, 1996
c. Civic or Military duty (Art. 286)
3. Termination by Employer
a. Substantive Due Process
1. Just Causes (Art. 282)
1.1 Serious Misconduct/Willful disobedience (Art. 282[a])
Read: Dongon v. Rapid Movers, G.R. No. 163431, August 28, 2013
Mirant v. Sario, G.R. No. 197598, November 21, 2012
Nagkakaisang Lakas ng Manggagawa sa Keihin v. Keihin Philippines
Corporation, G.R. No. 171115, August 9, 2010
Apacible v. Multimed Industries, Inc., G.R. No. 178903, May 30, 2011
2.6 Reorganization/abolition
Read: Hantex Trading Co. v. Court of Appeals, 390 SCRA 191
c. Constructive Dismissal
Read: Orchard Golf & Country Club v. Francisco, G.R. No. 178125, Mar 18, 2013
Barba v. Liceo de Cagayan,G.R. No. 193857, November 28, 2012
III.
Social Legislation
e. Compensability (illness)
a. Proof
b.Work-connected illness
c. Cause of illness is unknown; Increased Risk Doctrine
Read: Clemente v. GSIS, G.R. No. 4721, July 31, 1987
C. National Health Insurance Act of 1995 (as amended by R.A. No. 9241; R.A. No.
10606)
1. Important Principles
a. Equity
b. Responsiveness
c. Social Solidarity
d. Fiduciary Responsibility
e. Informed Choice
f.Compulsory Coverage
g. Cost-sharing
2. Definition
a. Beneficiary
b. Capitation
c. Contribution
d. Dependent
e. Health Care Provider
f. Portability
3. Coverage (sec. 6)
4. Change of Residence (sec. 9)
5. Exclusion and Benefits (Secs. 11 and 12)
6. Quasi-judicial powers (sec. 17)
7. Grievance and Appeal (secs. 39-43; secs. 98-136, IRR of R.A. No. 7875, as
amended)
D. Government Health Insurance System Act
a. Definitions
b. Membership
c. Benefits
i. Rehabilitation services
ii. Temporary Total Disability
iii. Permanent Total Disability
iv. Permanent Partial Disability
v. Death/Funeral Benefits
d. Claims and Disputes
e. Portability
f. Penalties