Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. Introduction
34
3. Methanol production
This paper presents the methanol production from
biogas. The case study is based on a Lurgi methanol
process [7, 9] (Fig. 1). The methanol process is
composed of three subsystems:
(R2)
(R4)
CO + H2O CO2 + H2
rH298 = 41.17 kJ/mol
(R5)
35
CO + 2H2 CH3OH
CO2 + 3H2 CH3OH + H2O
CO2 + H2 CO + H2O
H2
H2O
(R6)
(R7)
(R8)
3 163
22 421
Others parameters
Component in s.g.
1 737
CO2
8 915
CO
9 404
H2
3 648
H2O
14 615
Qsteam (kW)
12 646
CH4
mMeOH (kg/h)
19 821
Others parameters
mMeOH (kg/h)
16 146
Qsteam (kW)
13 309
(R4)
CO + H2O CO2 + H2
rH298 = 41.17 kJ/mol
(R5)
Component in s.g.
CH4
315
CO2
9 630
CO
8 581
H2
3 383
H2O
Component in s.g.
21 726
Others parameters
CH4
919
mMeOH (kg/h)
15 838
CO2
9 491
Qsteam (kW)
12 696
CO
7 678
36
CH4
531
CO2
9 055
CO
8 633
H2
3 289
H2O
22 163
Others parameters
mMeOH (kg/h)
15 488
Qsteam (kW)
13 905
(1)
37
(2)
B
2
mH2O,
p = 1.5692 p + 62.551 p + 21131
B
2
mMeOH,
p = 2.739 p 110.73 p 16890
(3)
(11)
B
2
mCO,
p = 1.6141 p 90.916 p + 9403
B
2
mMeOH,
T = 0.10285T + 197.11T 77982
(4)
(12)
B
2
mH2,
p = 0.47744 p 20.548 p + 3576.3
B
2
Qsteam,
p = 0.13685 p 3.908 p + 12735
(5)
(6)
(7)
B
B
(Qsteam
Qexist
) productions depending on the pressure
(8)
(9)
(14)
(13)
(10)
38
Vmax =
+
+
+
B
B
(mMeOH,
p mexist )
B
MeOH,T
(m
2
B
mexist
)
2
B
B
(Qsteam,p Qexist
)
2
B
B
(Qsteam,T Qexist
)
2
(T Tex )C heating
6. CONCLUSIONS
C MeOH
C MeOH
C steam
(15)
C steam
39
flue gas
from F101
E107
natural
gas
E109
purge gas
purge gas
fuel
REA-1
air
S1
to F101
E103
D101 steam
turbine
EA202
E104
E101B
E105
F101
from D201
to E107
to E301/2/4 from E107
E110
F1
E102
SEP
E101A
furnace
condensate
E312
HEW
G202
from F201
to E103
VEN1
HEPR
G201-I G201-II
F102
HEA
REA-2
to SH1
M2
F203
E201
F301 D301
water
to F201
G301
D302
EA301
5 bar steam
E301
E302
D303
MeOH
E304
LEGEND:
E305E303
to E110
reactor
separator
heat exchanger
flash
D304
water
Fig 1: Process flow diagram of a low-pressure Lurgi
methanol plant.
40
References.
[1] DeBaere L. (2000). State-of-the- art of
anaerobicdigestion of solid waste in
Europe, Water Science and Technology
41, 283290.
[2] Alvarez J.M. (2003). Biomethanization of
the organic fraction of municipal solid
wastes (1st ed.), IWA Publishing.
[3] Strik D., Domnanovich A., Zani L., Braun
R. and Holubar P. (2005). Prediction of
trace compounds in biogas from anaerobic
digestion using the MATLAB Neural
Network Toolbox 20,Environmental
Modeling & Software, 803810.
[4] Nickolas J., Themelis S. and Verma S. (
2004). Anaerobic digestion of organic
waste in MSW, Waste Management
World, JanuaryFebruary, 4147.
[5] Nacke T., Brckner K., Gller A.,
Kaufhold S., Nakos X. and Noack S.
(2005). New type of dry substances
content meter using microwaves for
application in biogas plants, Anal Bioanal
Chem 383, 752757.
[6] Aspen Technology (2002). ASPEN PLUS
User Manual Release 11.1, Aspen
Technology Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139,
USA.
[7] Kova Kralj A., Glavi P. and Kravanja Z.
(2000). Retrofit of complex and energy
intensive processes : Brooke A., Kendrick
D. and Meeraus A. (1992). GAMS: A
Users Guide, Palo Alto, Scientific Press.
[9] McKetta J. J., W. A. Cunningham
(1985). Encyclopedia of chemical
processing and design. Vol. 29, Marcel
Dekker, New York, 418474.
[10] Brooke A., Kendrick D. and Meeraus A.
(1992). GAMS: A Users Guide, Palo
Alto, Scientific Press.II: stepwise
simultaneous superstructural approach,
Comput. chem. Engng 24/1, 125138
[11] Kralj, D., Goricanec, D., Eisner, L.:
Entrepreneur process need environmental
management system.WSEAS transactions
on environment and development, Nov.
Variables:
m mass flow, kg/h
p pressure, bar
T temperature, K
Q heat flow rate, W
41