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Abstract
Studying the basics of electronics are very important to almost all field in the industry
especially now that we are at a modern age. This experiment revolves around the simple concept
of electronics, involving voltage, current and resistance. The relationship between the three is
governed by the formula V=IR, from the Ohms law. The objective is to determine the total
current flowing through a series and parallel circuit, the voltage across each resistors, and the
current flowing through a series and parallel circuit. It also aims to investigate the relationship
between voltages across each resistor and the total voltage and the relationship between current
flowing through each resistor and total current. To obtain the objectives, we used resistance
boxes, 1.2 batteries, connecting wires, VOM, and ammeter; we create a set up that portrays the
two parts of the experiment. In the first part, the circuit created was connected in series and in the
second part it is connected in parallel. After the experiment was done, the values of voltages for
the parallel circuit across each resistance were recorded as 6.17V; the current flowing were
0.02A for the first and second resistance, 0.04A for the third resistance. Thus, proving that if the
circuit is in series the current would be constant, otherwise, if it is in parallel the voltage would
be constant. Sources of error like inaccurate readings from VOM, mistakenly placed wires and a
not so constant temperature were considered in analyzing the data gathered.
I. Introduction
The use of electronics is ubiquitous,
we use various devices that applies
electronics to accomplish specific tasks in
our lives. There are many components of an
electronic circuit, but the three fundamental
components are the resistor, voltage, and
current. The two simplest ways to connect
these components are through series and
parallel. Components connected in series are
connected along a single path, so the same
II. Methodology
The materials needed in order to
obtain the objectives of these experiment
were resistance boxes, 1.2 batteries,
connecting wires, VOM, and ammeter. For
the first part of the experiment the resistors
were connected in series. We then connected
the five batteries as shown in figure 306-1.
2.
III. Results and Discussion
Resistance 1 (R1),
100
Resistance 2 (R2),
100
Resistance 3 (R3),
100
300
6.2
Experimental
Computed
2.06
2.0933
2.06
2.0933
2.06
2.0933
0.02
0.0209
0.02
0.0209
0.02
0.0209
0.02
0.0209
4.56%
Resistance 2 (R2),
Resistance 3 (R3),
Total Resistance
(RT),
Total Voltage
(VEA), V
500
250
150
78.9
5
6.17
Experimental
Computed
6.17
6.17
6.17
6.17
6.17
6.17
Current Flowing
through
Resistance 1, A
0.02
0.0123
Current Flowing
through
Resistance 2, A
0.02
0.0247
Current Flowing
through
Resistance 3, A
0.04
0.0411
Total Current, A
0.08
0.0782
Percentage
Difference
0.37%
IV. Conclusions
In a series circuit, each device is
connected in a manner such that there is
only one pathway by which charge can
traverse the external circuit while a parallel
circuit, each device is placed in its own
separate branch.
After the experiment was done all
the objectives were met. We are able to
determine the total current flowing through a
series and parallel circuit, the total current
that we got for the part one of the
experiment is 0.02A and for the part two we
got 0.02A. We deduce that in a series circuit
the total current is also equivalent to the
individual current applied in each resistance,
while in a series circuit the total current is
equivalent to the sum of all the current per
resistance. The voltage across the battery
and the voltage across each resistor is the
same if the circuit is in parallel but if the
circuit is in series, the sum of the voltage for
each resistor is the voltage across the
battery.
This experiment is also valid because
when we compared the data that weve
gathered here to the actual value, the percent
errors were less than five percent. That
implies that our experiment agrees with the
original theory, which is the Ohms Law.
Thus, after all those information
were inferred, we can conclude that the
behavior of the parameters, current and
voltage, in series and parallel circuits are
exactly opposite with one another.
For recommendations in conducting
the experiment, it is important to check if
the connections of wires are correct. To
check that, we could apply the concepts in
the theory. The sources of errors would be
lessen if that would be done.
Acknowledgements
I would like to express my sincere
appreciation and gratitude to my instructor
in physics laboratory, Prof. Michael Andrei
Paguio, for his exceptional help during the
performance of this experiment. I would
also like to thank my professor in physics
lecture, Engr. Resmond Reao for teaching
me the concept about parallel and series
circuit. To the lab assistants, Mang Gerry
and Mang Jose, thank you for providing us
knowledge on how to use the laboratory
apparatuses and for letting us lend those.
Last but not the least; I would like to thank
God, my Creator, for guiding and providing
me with enough knowledge and wisdom in
order to understand the concepts of circuits,
to conduct the experiment, and to make this
scientific paper. To God be the glory.
References
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Circuits
Work.
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[2] Young, H. & Freedman, R., (2011).
University Physics. Australia, NWS:
Pearson.
[3] Parks, J., (August 2007). Ohms Law III
-- Resistors in Series and Parallel. Retrieved
from
http://www.phys.utk.edu/labs/ohms
%20law%20series%20parallel
%20resistors.pdf
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