Professional Documents
Culture Documents
For any two complex numbers z1, ;;2 and any real numbe"' a and b.l = 1 - ln 21-" +I b;;,
5.
6.
If a and bare real numt>ers between 0 and 1 such that the points z1 =o + i, z 2 =I+ biand z, ~Oform anequiloterul triangle,
)!IT 1!19111
then a = ... and h = _, _
A RCIJ ;, a rhombi!S. Its diagonals AC and BD intersect at the point M and s.uisfy BD =lAC. If th puinb D and M repr~$errt
(liT 1993; 2Ml
the complex numbers I + i and 2- i respectively, tbenA repre<ml> th~ complex nwnber ... or...
om
4.
'
az,[ = ...
Suppo..e z 1, z 2 , z, are the venices of an equilateral triangle inscribed in tile circle 1 zl - 21L:-1 ~ 1 + ;/i. then ,, = ..., z1
.c
3.
= ...
'-'
2.
3.
t-
f\
complex numbers, z,, z 2 and z3 rcprc$Cnt the vertices of an equilater.U triangle suoh th:lll z1 I~ i z, I ~1 ::, I, then
z1 +z2 +o 3 ~0.
!ft~c
diagr~m
= l.i .
3.
lfz=[
.e
I- ';
w
w
(ft) 8
UIT 1980)
(b) 16
(C) 12
'-'
"" ."ml;";, i""m~"
=
equation--
z+5r
1. ""on:
~ ~~J +(}f-ifthen;
(a)Rep)=O
(c) Re (z)> 0. Im (z)>O
4.
"L
(a)the.r-axis
(b) tbe straight line y ~5
(c) a circle passing through the origin
(d) none of these
(ltT198!:2MI
5.
(IIT!982:2MI
(b)lm(z)=O
by:
+ ;y,, we writo,
ra
z with I
= x~
l.
TRUE/ FALSE
xa
ce
I . (2- o.>) (2 - o:.') ' 2(3 - 01) {l - o.') + ..+ (n- \) (n - ro) (n- "''' whore"' is an imagmary cube root of unity, is._
(b) Re (z}<O
(d)noneoflheo;e
2
2
? -Ieos 1":k lis:
n,~ ,-alue of ,_,~ (sin 1<k
)
7
(a) -I
(c) _,
(b) 0
(d) i
(c) 0
(d)~
'
xa
(Ill
1995)
"
w
w
.e
"
(a) Iori
(c) lor-!
"
"
(~)x=3,_<=1
(b)x=l,y"'l
(clx=0,y=3
(d)x~O,J'=O
(c)i-/3
(a):r.
(IJT
'"
1999: 2M)
(h)-]-; hl3
(d) -i -J3
(llT 2000)
(b)-"
(d)rr/2
21
z,
z,
(liT 1995)
n,.
(b)n, =n, -1
(d)n,O>O,n,:>O
+"' -
lliT 2000)
(a) equal to I
(c) g,.._,ater than 3
ro=-~+i-JJ
Let
(b) lOT -1
(d)ior--1
(liT !998;
10:
{h)xO
(d_Jnnvaluenh
(c).t~(n+l/2)1!
~~+iy.thm:
-(
ra
'
,,' _,,
" " ' "
'"
ce
(b)--
(r)-1ci2
"
(a) -n
(h) ;
(d) 0
(a) '
(o)
(a)i-hl3
(lll 1987: 2M I
u=l
is equ"l In :
(e)n
16.
om
.c
6.
2'
IliT 2001)
(lll 20021
(a)3ro
(c)3ro'
(h)3ro(ro-1)
(d)3ro(l-<~i
(al 0
(c) 7
(b) 2
(d) 17
,,,_,_
o+ I
(a) o
'
IZ+ li'
lz~ 11--,,-~-.-,
If
"
(b)lz+ll<2.iarg(:+IJI<c"
W(;tl)
be
(d)
a
(l+ro 2)"=(l+w')"
-./2
"'
I z + 11 2
rw-wol
(liT 20CI4l
(a) 2
"
(b) 3
(d) 6
(c) 5
The minimum ,a]ue of I a + bro + c0> 2 j, where a, b Olld c
are aU nut equal integers andr;, (;< I) is a cube root of unity,
ill :
(liT 2005)
'"
(b) -
(c)\
(d)O
(a)lzl=lo,;2
(b)lzl-land:;<]
(c)z=Z
id)nonoofthe&e
A man walks a di.tanoe of3 units freon th~ (lrigin towards
the north-east IN 45" E) dlfecliou. Frum 1hcrc, ile walks a
dis!oncc of 4 units towards the north-"ost (N 45"WJ
direction to roach a poin!l'. llocn the posiEon oi"P in th~
(a) ,fj
(\IT20D&I
om
"
'
.c
(c)
(all
Ull 20031
(~)3e"' +41
.fj_)
(c)(4+3i)e"'
"
(d)(3+4i)e" 14
ra
(!IT2005)
(l\T2007)
(b)(1-4ile""''
ce
"
~-1
xa
mOBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
~-
(b)lzi~.J2
(c)thex-axio
{.d) the y-axls
z, - "'
(a)jw 1 j~l
D
(.
J.
(e)
non~
positive
(d 1 pu1ely imak"""lJ'
ofihC\c
SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
(x+l)"-<"-1:
'
(a) L~ru
(c) real and negative
(b)jw,l=l
(d) none of these
w
w
.e
z 1 R: 2 .ifandonlyif.:;1
z,
IIIT1980}
'
4.
z2 i&reaL
+ :,
lilT 1982)
comp!e_~
zi - ::
1:,
or~gin
'-0_
(liT 19831
I 'omph Numbers
'
7.
a.
UIT !986, 2 ~ M)
~erlice' A.JJ,C
9.
1
l+tt+a 1 ..... la''- =0
-) (IITJ986;2 l M)
"C
' ,, ,,
Iz 1 zl
z'
;; - Jl
xa
.e
= lall-L
2.(o' lb 2 )(1;;,f+l=,l')
w
w
t. ~- 2Im + 2a., a
3/
j
4.3--orl--
'
'
5.;;,-2..=,=1-i.f i
6.-n(n-l)(n' dn+4)
'
Tluo/Folse
''""
3. True
2. True
2.(a)
9.(c)
J6.(b)
23.(bi
3U.(d)
J.(b)
W.(d)
17.(d)
24.(b)
31.(d)
5. (b)
6. (b)
u. (b)
u. (d)
13. (c)
7. (b)
14.(d)
18. (c)
25. (a)
19. (a)
26. (b)
lO. (a)
27. (c)
21. (d)
28. ()
4. {J)
l.(a,d)
II Subjective Ouestlono
2.x-Jandy~.]
''
n.z=i,~-
''
+ i~2
(ItT 20Cl4; 2Ml
(IIT1997C;SM)
>
- - =k (k
ANSWERS
c=%"1b+;: 2b.
;=I
Find the centre aod radius of the circle formed by all the
II
ra
+ p~ + q = 0.
be roots of the equa1i011
Let z1 and
where the cocfficiemspand q may be complex numbers.
LetA and B repreS<mt z1 an<lz, ilt the complex pl.me. If
< AOB "'a 0'0Jild OA =OB. where 0 is the origin prove
2
that p =4q cos ( ; )
14.
.c
I zl< -and L
" a, z' -1, where Ia, I< 2.
z,
'
ce
n.
lzl;;41wi:O:Lshowt hat
1
12..
ld.
11.
.... +ar~o
om
.)(z,
(z,-z,);=2(z,-z>
~
-
l+ata'
,0
~ -~-a-k'~
n.
'"'~
'"'~----,-"""
1-k
lk(a-~j
t-k 2
==== ==== =
IF= === =
If
3.
;:,
l+4sin'~
'
Ifa=b=:>2(2a)~a'+l
=>a=
I+ ,1-4
"\
,hutaandhER
'
ra
4. JJ=(l+I),M=(2-J) {gtvenj
'
tan~=/
'
'
a=J,b~-3
8=(3-31)
.e
"),------"p{! +l)
.. ,_
w
w
2.
or x=2lm
=(a +
\.M/
-,\_ I
_.0:,{2-1\
e./
Again DUbut
.. '.Jc
HD=2DM
=>
HD=2-.f5
c
''
'
a +1=4,h+l=-2
/(1)=1 3 -r-2
Hence.
O(~r.
a+l=2,b+1=-l
xa
'"
a 2 -<H-1=0
=>
... (1}
%} +cos~ =0
=U.J3
'
dividing by cos'
HJJ6-4
ce
sin~=O---;. x=:Zmr
"=
If a+b=I,
a' -4at-1=0
"'
~-"r.r
"} oosx+2sm-C<ls.x
_, =0
or"""j;;m- +cos .
2
(a'-h')"-2i(a+b)~(a-b)+i(ab+l),
=>
- ---
2;
1+2isinx
om
(sini+co~~J-itonx "'
.c
I.
b ) (I :,I' +I z1 1 )
but in a
AD 2 =AB'
rhomb~s
=<>
5.
x-2y=4
x=2y+4
r=2
so
... (i)
and
lz1 l=lz,l=2(given)
z,
'
AM'=~
zr
(.~
"
+(y+lr
z,
Y<I
=-
om
=>
'
. +(y+W. --'
=>
12y+ZJ'+{"+n'=514
4y 2 .4+8y+/+lt2y=514
=>
sy'
+HJ_v+5=5/1
2
20y +40y+20=;,
ce
lherefore
20}' +40y+15=0
4y' +6y+2y+3 =D
xa
Ji
'
.e
(l+i.J3J(-l+i~r3J_(J~;J3J<1-~>IJJ
w
w
-(1+3)
'
'
z3
1- ;,{3
=1-iJi
' i-2-1~
' '
=r(r'
-l-.:1.;, 3-_..:
)or(3
'
=> ., ={2-i}-i(2i-1)
A is either(
'
(l+i'(/3) 1 +2i.JJ)
-2,-(-2+2i.J3)
'
z, =-2 and
z, -(2-i) I .
----=-(l)
=(2-i)
'
-orl--
jz1 -z,l
-1+21
'
z,-z, lz,-z1Je'"'2
,1
:. lfoncoftheve1texisz 1 =l+N3,
the other two are ( z 1w). (;o 1m')
z2
Alk'r
As M ;, tl1e c<mtre of Rhombus,
:. Dy rotating D al:>o<.<t M through an a!\gk uf:!: n/2, we
z1
5TI
Alter
Whe11evcr wrliceo of an equilateralll l1aving centroid is
given it' vertices are of the from z, u.>, zw 2_
x-3,x~l
=;>
2~
ra
m
and
r=-1+4,x=-3+4
Hence, A heither3
2TI
2y (2y+3) +I (2y+3J =0
(2y+ll(2y+3)=0
2y;-i=0,2y+J=0
r~-l/2,y=-312
IT
LPOz,=-+-+-=--
4y 2 l8yt3=0
.c
(2v<-~-2)-
=>
11='1113
,- 1 =2(cosn/3+(sinn/3J)
since
J5
Al\1 =
=-.1'3
4r-Sy=l6
Again
-n-
+ l+2r+r-l +I]
=r[r 2 +3r+3]
=r 1 +3r 2 >3r
l
>
l: (r +]r +Jr)
lnlJ
'= I
JO
, '(}=(Z)Ul[
Jl :
f>
::J
:0
'>v
(~~)fl~~+Z
'~JU."H
'
'
0>)' ~
= ,( ,'''!) + ,1m1-) = z
WI
'
~!>+ZI-~,-=1
'Sf
'lr~--1
-
.~
r-'
fN-1
'
'
f.Jntro - -
/'f+i
-ZO\f
'[
"''
r
C,,
I
,-~;,,-::_,
.
c
[))'['']
'
-;
"
~"'-"''
o
m
'
U0,\!1'!
'
'=+ '
'
<o-
1.7
P""
.,
"
.J,G
_.i
'
!O+ou(J!
'
J-1
'
x.\)(li
xI)
..,. ,'
'
;oop.1o~
Cz ' lc
1'2 1=1':1=1 12 1
"'"
ou-
rn
~.,
''c
.{SQPUTIX>l
-~
{IT YU
qM!:l;
u I
.\,'+X~=JO"[
3Sl"O".:ll3fUl1
[~Uf+ _ujU(j-U)~~
I<IZ-U~+U-
[9 + ([- uz);;+
'
I!J
.{+ (X+I)
,.i+ (X+I)
JO
'"f + ,,.
t<
,(_I+V-[
[~J~W[IIlb;,
'sv
1="
ov_f!-X-1
purr
l-
(.1i-X-j)I.{J+X+[)
Q='C+"Z+ 1Z
Z+
'
r:'i,'1
IP) '"'""H
[~)
"
.,., ,_,) (' ' '
i+IJ
l
1=
o:>--fc-
u"
c
e
'\;' )8ldl~[!nba
',\q
1~_;~-z~
<=
~~" !+lxi-l
r
a
-+
--
a
m
!-=~T~t
'~"""}
/C+ ,:
1(!)-~ ~~~1-Cj
e
x
',''~1,_9'1
l~jnoipuodJOd '~""
<OJ+
Y'-~lrl'n:=
{ -"'
'! (q)
"01
0
(I o1
~~ll\'
>dh\SUn IO~J.LO~
'''"'l-l
"<LXI!-;(~
z' (z ~'j
-j+ ,11,-c,, ~z
-,-,.1'
,1
(Z
<=
"! z
'[n:ll A[~Jnd
1<ju(j-~)
'
'
(u)(J-U:>f+
(I - u;:)
(t-"r)~'(l-
- - u\1!-u)~
(!1)\l- u) (
u)j(-
Jcu)(T-u)
'
EJ
4.
1>41<1;-21
as, I z z11> I- o 2 lrepnos<nl~ tl10 "'b~on on right !ide of
perpendicular bi,octur of z1 ond z2
Here,
l:-2;:1z-4j
Re(z)~3
and lm(z)"R
=>
[sin Zh
k=l
bl
=-i
(.L>' ""l,
k=l
__ ,
'',_,-'j
-------
!-<"''''
.c
as.
jl-i:l=!--illo-+il-lz' il
m
xa
'
'
.e
11
w
w
_b v
l ,whcr~
1c w I
c--(1-r)a-rb
7
(I + w) =(I
u.
v l
0 0
+ w) (I +<il)'
=l+w
A+Bw=I+ID => A=l,JI=l
12.
get
w~
Let
'
w.. ,.e-'"
~-re-"'=-W
13.
[using(i)]
w .. re"'.
w-(1-r)u-1"1'1-(1-r)-r
" "
... (i)
w~
c=(l-r)a+rb
w-(1--r)u+l"''
'"'
appl}ing R, --> R, -{(I - r) .'l 1 + rR2 }
"b
"
-i
=>
z 1 +z,=z,z~
Hence, (b) is the correct answer.
Ia
17
ra
9.
=!>
Zz+"4
I e' 1'
~-
(''"" -')
ce
- -i
'
6.
om
Wehave
l:!+iwl=lz-iwj=2
=>
lz-(-iw)l=lz-(iw)l=2
=>
lz-(-iw)l=l:-(-iw)j.
Let
:=x+iyand y=O.
Nnw Jzlo>l ~ x'+O'o>l=> -]$x$1.
18.
~G2 2
I
ro=--+~
=l"' c,
Therefore.
=4+5o/" +3w 165
= 4 + 5. (ro 3) 11 1.ro + 3.(w' ) 121 .ro 2
=4+5ro+3w 2
(: 1 +o>+w' =0)
= 1+(-1 +v'3t)-
arg{z)=-1
z=rcos(---{\}+isin(--{1)
=r(oos1-isin1)
again -z=-r[cosO-isin1]
= T [coS (11 -1) + I sin (11- 1)]
arg(-z)=lt-1
Thus, arg (-o) - arg (z) = 11- 1 - (---{)) - 11
nterefore. (a) is the ans.
ce
Now,
o=l
=I
=1
ra
IJ
AJ"'
+. .
+i)( i(l-.)l
xa
< ill)= (I
IJ
.c
19.
:1
'-'
"
Iz,l = 1
.e
=>
~,Z,=l,
Similarly z2 i 1 =I, z_,i1 = 1
w
w
Now,
+(i'+.-'+ .. +i")
lz 1 +z2
~
-31
3i
'"
~~~ + ;, + 21}
= i- 1
17.
(given)
lz,[ 2 =I
Aller
As sum of any lOur con;ecutive ;><rners of iota i~ ""ro.
16,
Iz,l=l z:l =I z1 1= 1
n=l
.J3;.
-1)
om
=1+3+2w+3w+3w
('."ftlj
+~ 3 l=l
lz 1 +z 2 +< 3 ]~l
-1 =x+iy{given)
"
61
-31 4
II
-1
(':1 2 1=1:,1=1)
-1 =0
'"
Hence,
I" =I
{u<ing; I z1 z,J'
z2
z,
Z(l+i./J)
Here
]- ;' J
1=1 12
2(1+1.J3)
=(-((I)
0
"
m" =I
'
om
'r"
,.
detcmJinant reduce to
0>
2 w 2 -I
<>'-1
=>(b-c) 1 2:1
w-1
'
We know,
xa
lz1 -z 2 l:e2
:z,: Co -
ra
;;~-{(a--b)
=3m(m-1)
N.
w
w
.e
Alter
Clc..-ly from lh~ lig;ure I z 1 - z 21 is minimum wh~n z , z
2
lie alung; the diam~tcr.
,]
As\PQHP S I=JPR
1~2
lz-(-1-01) 1>2
=>
1=+11:>2
... (1)
al"o argument of z -<-I with respectto po.<itiw d!fection of
-~-axis io 7d4.
"
arg(zlJS: -
'
'-'
"'
~"'"
=> Jfa~brhena.ccandb.tc
As, difference of integers ~ integer.
.c
ce
'
... (i)
Or
l-et,
-1</4s:arg (z fl)
larg (z+l)i:> rr/4
-lt I
4
... (ii)
w-wz
z, =---.be
purely real.
'-" z, ,.,
~
w-wz
'-w
z=--
1- ~-
1;1=~"1
II - ui
il- wl = lh wl{as, l,z =I}
Squaring both >ides, we get
w- "''
l-:
=> w-H,-Wz-< -wz-z=i\"" Z- -az >WZ'i
=>
(w-W]-<-(W-w)lzl'~o
1-
=:>
=>
~
(w-i\)(1-lzi'J~O
121:1
{a.;,w-W,O .sincep0)
l>l=land z1.
30.
z 3e"'' ~ 4 e_,,.,
COS~+ISJnU
2i>in~cose
2sin'~
cose-1 isinO
4i
'
0-3e"''
'
2sine
Hence,
:o=(3+4i)e"'/'.
'
1- z 2
Alter:
cose+ioiue
(cos2tl+i5iu2tl)
1-z1
.
"'' . . agmary.
I
' .et E = -z - = - -' --cc=-_-WuiCul<lm
l-2 2 ""-:' z-z
om
z =a+ibandz,=c+ id
2 2
2
2
As,[ztf'=a +b =1 and [z1[ =c +d 2 =I
alsoRe(: 1: 1 )=0 ~ ac+bd~O
2.
-d
'
'
z1 ~,
+ ),}c'
II SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
: 2 z2
z,l'
Zzz,_-ZzZL(
-Real munber
..
__ ,
, I:, 1'-1-1')
z2 z 1 - z 1 z, =2ilm (z 2 z 1)
z 1 , ~'z 1 -~,
2ilm (z 2 :, )
1z1 -z 2 ) 2
'
x'
+i(3+l)=l0i
4x+li:>: -6i -2+ y-7iy+3i -I= 10i
4x+ y-3~0 and 2x-7y-3=Hl
=>
x=3 undy=-1.
~
'
o,'" 2
+x"+X=u=:-x=O,<
-x' -1
w
w
Nowwhcn<=O~(x+l)"
=1-0-1=0
(x+1)' -x' -T
=:-(IT'")"-w'-1
=:-
m'"-w"-1=0
2
Thus x' + x +.x divides {x +!)' -x" -I.
'
z1 z2 + "f_z 1 -
.e
I.
ra
xa
-z,
=Alb 0 -c 2 )~0
z 1 -z
_ 2
__
z1
Iz1 z,l'
''
b
_,', +d .,/a
-,,b
z,
z1
Iz
. .. (ii)
-ob 2 =c 2 anda 2 -d 1
now,
z 1 + 2
.c
---=,,
... (i)
Iz 1I ~ I z1 I, Tuu,,
ce
1.
y+; =I.
o!'c'c-c'",. + c2 -3iJ
:J-i
J~;
3.
+z; +z,)
...{i)
z,l+zif+z}=o1z,+z,z,+z.1= 1
...
(ii)
Squaring(i), we get
_x"- 1 +x"- 2
., ' =,
z, -z,
7.
z, ... z,
Hence, symmetric_
.c
ce
Here, let z1 =.t 1 < iJ\, z2 =x2 + iy, and z_; =x 3 +iy3
z, - z: is real=> (x, - x,) ' i(y, - y,) i, real
"
"'
--
ra
+x 2 )- (x 1 -x 2 ) (y1 + )'l) =0
=>
(z, -z 1 )~i(o; -z,)
squarring both ,;~es we 2,e~
(z 2 -z 1 ) 2 ~-(: 1 -z,) 2
)~)(x 1
'
... (i)
x,
.)-3
z,JU,
=>
9.
and arg (
"
x" -1
--=(x-a 1 )(x-a 2 )
'-'
1 ,_,
.... (x-a,_ 1 )
-1' 2 )
z-
Z;
z--z2
J" ~
represents locus of
z is a circle
shown as
''
@
.
(4, 6)
\
(4.0)
~: 3 -: 3 --:- 2
5.
w
w
''
Yl
.e
xa
Y1
z 2l >z 3'
~+~-~z 1 ~=z 1 z 1
.... (ii)
Similarly,
'""
z1 -z, lz 1 z,l
where, I~, -z,l=lz, -z 3 1
(x 1 +x 2 )+i(y1 +y,)
z,
z, - z, is real
z, + "'
'
' izllizi~!lzl'
' '
z1 +z1
'
,,R,,
~
'
---isre!il
z 1Rz 2
i::~zo'"". This
We ha'e
om
.;.>
=>(I
z1 Rz 1 is reflexi\'e.
(ii)Symmetnc:z1Rz 1
~(IO,b)
U (l.GI illl.O)
=>
OD=6+3=9
'
:. Centre~(7,9)ondradius= ..fi=3~2
i:; 1
(given)
+z 1 coi=()
1; 3
=>
t:'(o- tl -l(:r- i) ~o
(z' l)(z-i)=O
:r-i-0 or i;.'-1=0
=>
z 2 =ll=-i
=>
z=i or
irz~l,
1fz'=
Let:-.~+Y
l)
(."<-i.v)-i(x+i}) '
A-iy-l~_'-/+2uy]
=>
iy -2xyci(x 2 -y
.>
=>
thcnlzl=lil=-1.
lllltnlz'I=H~l
4uations.
=l
=>I =1-l thereforo w~ haw I zl ~ l
x+2ty=O uJ x 2 -y'+y=O
=>
.<(1+2y)=0
=>
or y--112
xdJ
=>
x'-y' 1 y=O
putting
I=I
II.
(".' ;'~
-i'z' -=+i=O
12.
'
om
10.
r,
We have
0-y'"'-y~O
=>
)(1-y)=O
=>
or y-1
y~U
or
Now putting y= 1/2 in<' -;? + y=O. we get
'
.c
z-w=(~
ce
+(r,,in\! 1 -r,~n&,J'
.,'
ra
e,)
2
=(r, -r1) +2;r,cos(1 1 -& 1)
=(r1 -r2) 2 +2r1r,[l-cos(0 1 -& 2)]
xa
.e
1,infli:>iO:\Ie-=.R
lfl,-0"1'
2
w
w
l
Therefore l:r-wl"o>lr,-r
11 T\
=>I z- w! 2 ,;
Therefor~.
As
[:r1,r2 S1]
13.
z=i.Ji 12-112
~=l.:!l(coou
z, I z, I
_ cot (u/2]
"'"'
'
'
Hsina)
'I' arg ~
(given)
' '
z .,o, we get
Now,
-0,1'
~ (, ct-1 wl ) '
x'=314
' ''=+/3!:.
-~ - 1 ~o -=>
HI]!;
.l(arg::~argw)'
'
lz-wl , S(lzl-lwlt+4.l
=> lz-wfs(:zl-1"1 ) 2 +(argz-argw)
_.:=E'...._ __ icot(n/2)
=>
z, -z2
Squ.,-ing both side
'
2
- - ' - - , =-cot (al2)
(.,,sin fl,; OJ
{z, -z,)-
=>
''
(z1 + :- )2
4z 1z,
'
--cot {a/2)
'
,l
(a/2)
-,'----cot
p -4q
=o.
, ' =- p 2 cut'cai 2)+4qc ot 1(o:12)
=o. p 1 [1 +COl' o: /2) = 4q Cot 2 (C!/2)
---, p' """"c' (a/2) = 4q cot 2 (" 12)
o2 =(oosu;~isina:)
,,
1=1~-='("''
' .wl
z~re' 6 and
Let
B (>-,)
A (z,)
'
(r+~]e=(r<Jcru
=>
sin 2 al2
lz-z,] 2 =1z-z 2 i 2
or
w
w
.e
xa
or
(z z1 )(Z-z1)-(z-z 2 )(i-:i" )
2
or z(Z 1 -Z2 )+Z(z -z )=z z -: 2
11 2 2
1 2
Comparing with given line zb + Zb= c
'
.c
'
=lzl'.z
' -.:ft .z=O
and R.H.S.=~-1!=0
lfzw= 1 then z~> =I and
~w- ~..~U=R.H.S.
.. (I)
Alter
'Nebave ,
lzwiiZ-iVJ~Iz-wl
zw;z-1 ~o-w,
I
'
I- w
',~ ~1:1
~1'"--l"'l'z=z--w
<=>
(lzl 2 +1)11-(jw''+1Jz~()
(given)
"=lzl" +l
.. (1)
=o.
Conve rsely
L.Il.S.
-z,z,
,. '' )
--"=c uy
zz 1
=---
'
Imp. note: 'if and only if' means we have to prove the
"
=4qcos 2 o:/2
zii'=re'~. 1 e-iil=l
ra
p2
el1'=e'"
ce
lisina /2
'
p 1 -4q
e'*
'
(z >zz)' J cosa.!]_)'
lz1 -z2
w=
~z,
l+cosa +isina:
0
z1 -z0 cosa+i sina:
= 2cos a: 12 (cos a: /2 + 1stna /2)
2ioin a /2(cos a 12 + /sin a 12)
"
om
Iz,J
z"' w
Alter
!!ere, z 1 + _1 =- palld z 1z 2 =q
:. z, =I z,: e'", hy rotation of A about 0.
z,
1='=1
z-w=O
Now SLlprose
=o.
'2-wi= O or
=>
lwl' +I
!_ 1s purely real.
"
z
w
'
0-
ZW=ZW
-l-''"' '=
lor
... (!)
z -w
z.iw-I! :Wz=o - w
z(Zw-l )-H1)-i i' 1)=0
(z-w)(zW-1)~0
{using( !)}
>->VI
_.
~~
111~rc cx"r~
no
comp1c~
"
-=" -1-0
zp+q -z 1'
"-P-I
or-a-1
a-1
19.
.,
-I -0 ora" -I ~o
cr'' -1
~dther---~0
and
-- .(1)
]z-a]' ~k'
]z-W'
~O(a<a1'1)
ur
lzi'CJk')-(a-k'~).f-(11-flk'Jz
cann!lt occnr
simultaneously asp ond q .,-c dJStinct I" i"'"' '"neither p
divides q nor q divides p, "hicll is ihc n<<]Uirement tOr
1=uP=u" .
ol]a]'-<'I~:'J~O
om
17.
Given]z1]<1and]z2 ]>-l
Then to P"" o
z,
.:,
Iz] 2 , aZ .;;~ .c b ~o
]z,]J
]l-z 1 0,]<.]z1 -z 2 ]
ce
.02 )
{u,inJ~ ?;' = }
z 1z 2 -z 1z2 +z 1z 1z 1 "<z1 z1 -z 5z 2
1-:.,,1. -lz,l0
'
+]z2 12
'
r~ "-
,,
and t.\diu>
~I.C(a -~)I
... (2)
xa
l+i=:
2
2
2
1 ] ::;; <]Z 1 1
(( -k'~
ra
{'}
"_(l)
.c
1!1--- 1
! . 1''1''''
1'-''1<]'1"'"
z,
20.
1 k'
.e
z2
1
2
Given,a 1z+a 2z + ... <>n"'=1
1=1<113
w
w
18.
1-,,z,l,,
lz
:a,~+a 2 z-+a,z
'
I-_
---{I )
.+a"z , ]~I
' ,,
z 2 ---./3~
Z1
=>
3]zi>1+21zi"+'
-
lzl>- '-=jz]"-3 3
-1
--~e
71
21zi-21zi"+' >1-11
'
- z,.
("!-.erez 0 =lOt)
=rn.'2
-I
(
1t "m:Z
' . " ) asz -L+--JJI
'i
..,,,.loos:z
5 "
=li(l+-Jl ,) =(1+,/J)o: i
... {1)
z,=(l-fJ) +i and