You are on page 1of 126

MAMTA

(MBA-BF)
S140

Submitted by:
Khuram

L1S09MBBF0014

Malik Farhan Iftikhar

L1F08MBBF0016

Nadeem Ahmad

L1F08MBBF2053

Umar Ali Shah

L1F07MBBF2031

Faculty of Management Studies


University of Central Punjab
Lahore, Pakistan
Spring 2011

Table of Contents
Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................
A.The Opportunities
Problem to solve or need to be filled

............................................................................................
B.The Description of the Business
How Proposed Business Solve the problem or fills the

need....................................................................................
C.Competitive Advantage
Description of the Business model
............................................................................................
D.The Target Market
E.The Management Team
F.Brief Summary of Financial Projections
G.Description of What the Business Needs
The amount of capital needed and what the capital will

be used for, if the plan is going to a potential investor.......


H.Exit Strategy for the investors (If the plan is going to

investor)
The Business.....................................................................................................................................
I.The Opportunities
Problem to solve or need to be filled
............................................................................................
J.The Description of the Business
How Proposed Business Solve the problem or fills the

need....................................................................................
Company mission and objectives
............................................................................................
K.Competitive Advantage
Description of the Business model
............................................................................................
How business will create a sustainable competitive

advantage...........................................................................
L.Current Status and Requirements

Description of where the business stand today


............................................................................................
Description of where the business needs to move

forward ...............................................................................

Management Team...........................................................................................................................
M.Management Team
Management Experience

............................................................................................
Management Ability
............................................................................................
Technical Expertise

............................................................................................
N.Board of Directors
Number of Director

............................................................................................
Composition of the Board
............................................................................................
O.Board of Advisers
Number of advisers
............................................................................................
Composition of the advisory board

............................................................................................
How the advisory board will be used
............................................................................................
P.Key Professional Service Providers

Law firm
Accounting firm
Business consultants

Company Structure, Intellectual Property and Ownership.........................................................


Q.Organization Structure

Organization chart
............................................................................................
Description of organizational structure

............................................................................................
R.Legal Structure
Legal form of the firm
............................................................................................
Ownership structure of the business
............................................................................................
S.Intellectual Property
Patents, trademarks and copyrights applied for approved

............................................................................................

Industry Analysis.............................................................................................................................
T.Industry Description
Industry trends
............................................................................................
Industry size

............................................................................................
Industry attractiveness
............................................................................................
Profit Potential

............................................................................................
U.Target Market
Description of the target market

............................................................................................
V.Competitive Position with Target Market
Competitor analysis

............................................................................................
Marketing Plan.................................................................................................................................
W.Product Feasibility and Strategy
Organization chart

............................................................................................

Description of organizational structure


............................................................................................
X.Pricing Strategy
Y.Channels of Distributions
Z.Promotion and Advertising

Operational Plan..............................................................................................................................
AA.

Method of Production or Service Delivery

BB.

Availability of Qualified Labor Pool

CC.

Business Partnership
Type of Business partnership

............................................................................................
Purpose of Business partnership
............................................................................................
DD.

Quality Control

EE.

Customer Support
Customer Support Strategies
............................................................................................
Customer support obligations
............................................................................................

Financial Plan...................................................................................................................................
FF.Capital Requirements for Next 3 to 5 Years
Sources and uses of funds
............................................................................................
GG.

Overview of Financial Projections


Explain how financial projections are prepared
............................................................................................

HH.

Income Statements

II.Cash Flow Projections


JJ.Balance Sheets
KK.

Pay Back and Exit Strategies

Critical Risk Factors........................................................................................................................

LL.

Management Risk

MM.

Marketing Risk

NN.

Operating Risk

OO.

Financial Risk

PP.

Intellectual Property Infringement

Appendix...........................................................................................................................................
QQ.

Supporting Documents
Resume of founders and key employees
............................................................................................
Picture of product prototype

............................................................................................
Other documents as appropriate
............................................................................................

I.

Executive Summary

A. The Opportunity
Problem to Solve or Need to Filled
Human life becomes more beautiful, when having a baby. The atmosphere of the house becomes
more charming, when a new life enter to its surroundings.
After the birth of child, one needs to take care of all things necessary for child care and lift.
It became a hard job to list down all necessary items like baby diapers, blankets, towels, body
suits and cotton buds and baby gowns etc.
In todays busy life parents has to face a lot of difficulties to find appropriate and necessary
products for infant.

As a brother, sister or a family member you get engaged yourself in the problem that what will
be presented to the new comer.
Buying items from market for new born baby seems a hard and time consuming procedure.
There are many products in the market, it is difficult to distinguish between the best one.
Not all products are available at one time or in one place.
It seems difficult for the working mother or father to search for all shops.

B. The Description of the Business


How proposed business will solve the problem or fills the need
To fulfill the need of customers we have designed gift pack named as Mamta.
During designing process of gift pack Mamta focus will be mother and infant.
This gift pack will be available in different sizes, consists of items requested by parents.
We will provide these gift packs at your door step.
Parents will be newly to search for products, and we plan on providing quality products,
especially for infant use.
Checklist started once for your child, it never ends up. Every day needs and demands change and
so the list goes on and, Furthermore, this gift pack can be as large as you want.

Our gift Pack consist of following 6 major sections related to (0 to 6) months and (6
to 1) year babies.

1. Bathing and Clothing

2. Toys

3. Cosmetics

4. Safety measures

5. Eatables and Accessories

C. Competitive advantage
Description of the Business Model

There are no standard business models, there are no formats & rules dictating how to
compete in a particular industry.
Our business model depends on gathering resources and capabilities possessed
by it.

However, it can be classified as a commercial business model innovation of our country


as we strive to revolutionize how baby products are sold in this industry.

Sustainable Competitive Advantage:


Goodwill will be our sustainable competitive advantage, as we are the first mover in
our country.

D. Target Market
Our target market consist of those male and female who are
Parents
About to be parents
Adults
Those adults are also include in target market who plan for giving gift pack on events like at
new baby birth in family.

Khuram
(Managing
Director)

Nadeem Ahmad
(Chief Financial
Officer)

E. The Management Team

Malik Farhan
Iftikhar
(Human Resource
Manager)

Umar Ali Shah


(Marketing
Manager)

Management team plays a vital role in the maintenance and improvement of


business activities.
Our management team consists of four group members.
It is a partnership business and we all group members share the risk, cost and
responsibilities.
Each partner is self-employed and takes the share of profit.
All of us share in decision making and is personally responsible for any debt
that the business runs up.

a) List of Employees:
STAFF SALARIES
Delivery Boys
Sweeper
Packing Boys

NUMBERS
3
1
2

F. Brief Summary of Financial Projections


Mamta is new startup business that is why it has no past or historical financial data.
We analysis the need and conduct survey along with the past data of direct
competitors. This survey helps us to forecast the projected sales, Income statements,
Balance sheets and Cash flow statements from current year till next 2 years.
There are 4 active members who are financially supporting the new business idea
with 4,000,000 Pak Rs. Equity proportion of these members is 25%.
Mamta is partnership business so all 4 active partners will share the risk and
rewards of all financial activities.
Profit After Tax

3,270,235

5,145,924

6,868,706

As per financial statements Mamta is gaining 3,270,235 Pak Rs. Profit during its 1st
year, 5,145,924 Pak Rs. Profit during 2nd year and 6,868,706 Pak Rs. Profit during 3rd
year.

G. Description of what the Business needs


The amount of capital needed and what the capital will be used if
the plan is going to the potential investor
Total Start-Up Cost

2,230,090

After composing all costs and expenses total startup cost required for Mamta is about 2.2
Million Pak Rs.

Equity
Debt
TOTAL INVESTEMENT

INITIAL INVESTEMENT
4,000,000
0

TOTAL
4,000,000
0
4,000,000

Total Net Cash Inflow

5,843,165 7,812,136 9,628,048

After commencement of business Mamta receives total cash inflows of 5.8 Million in 1st year,
7.8 Million and 9.6 Million in 2nd and 3rd year respectively.

H. Exit Strategy for the Investor


After analysis of all risk and exit ways of business, Mamta has designed its exit
strategies if business plan does not work or goes to investor.
Mamta has designed different clauses to recover the cost incurred during the
business course.

The exit strategies of Mamta are


Partnership deed must be signed by all the partners.
No partner can quit from business before 5 years.
After 5 years, if a partner wants to quit from the business then he has to
inform at least 1 year before.
If any partner quits from business after fulfilling all obligations, he or she will
get his share after 2 years.
In case of loss in business, every partner will be liable for his or her share in the organization

II. The Business:


A. The opportunity:
1. Problem to solve:
Human life becomes more beautiful, when having a baby. The atmosphere of the house becomes
more charming, when a new life enter to its surroundings.
After the birth of child, one needs to take care of all things necessary for child care and lift.
It became a hard job to list down all necessary items like baby diapers, blankets, towels, body
suits and cotton buds and baby gowns etc.
In todays busy life parents has to face a lot of difficulties to find appropriate and necessary
products for infant.
As a brother, sister or a family member you get engaged yourself in the problem that what will
be presented to the new comer.
Buying items from market for new born baby seems a hard and time consuming procedure.
There are many products in the market, it is difficult to distinguish between the best one.
Not all products are available at one time or in one place.
It seems difficult for the working mother or father to search for all shops.

B. The Description of the business:


1. How proposed business solve the problem:

To fulfill the need of customers we have designed gift pack named as Mamta.
During designing process of gift pack Mamta focus will be mother and infant.
This gift pack will be available in different sizes, consists of items requested by parents.
We will provide these gift packs at your door step.
Parents will be newly to search for products, and we plan on providing quality products,
especially for infant use.
Checklist started once for your child, it never ends up. Every day needs and demands change and
so the list goes on and, Furthermore, this gift pack can be as large as you want.

Our gift Pack consist of following 6 major sections related to (0 to 6) months and (6
to 1) year babies.
6. Bathing and Clothing

7. Toys

8. Cosmetics

9. Safety measures

10. Eatables and Accessories

2. Mission Statement:
Our main perspective to being inexistence is to provide solution for parents,
through providing all infant items at their door step.

3. Vision Statement:
To become Pakistans first best company providing top quality infant products
that trigger the senses of parents, who wants to buy trendy and quality products.

4. Objectives:
To capture maximum market share.

To gain first mover advantage and will compete with its rivals to maintain this
feature.
To provide maximum value to customers and stakeholders.

C. Competitive Advantage:
Business Model:

1. Description of the Business Model:


There are no standard business models, there are no formats & rules dictating how to
compete in a particular industry.

Our business model depends on gathering resources and capabilities possessed


by it.
However, it can be classified as a commercial business model innovation of our country
as we strive to revolutionize how baby products are sold in this industry.

Sustainable Competitive Advantage:


Goodwill will be our sustainable competitive advantage, as we are the first mover in our
country.

2. How Business will create a Sustainable Competitive Advantage:


Our business is sell out the all necessary Infant products and we will create our sustainable
competitive advantage through
Selling of product from business center to door step
Availability of all items collectively on one spot
Our reputation that will increase with the passage of time.

D. Current Status and Requirements:


Our business plan is to sell the all possible newborn items collectively on one spot, in a gift
pack as per customer requirement.

We all group members are not only passionate about the success of our business idea, but to
make it possible we need to work as a team and strong financer for our business.

1. Description of where the Business Stands Today:


Currently our business stands on pre-trial (Introduction) phase, we look for
growth through innovation and quality services.

And our future Prosperity depends on the Following Important Aspects:


Passion and desire will play a key role in advancing towards success.

Management experience and keep a close eye on sound strategies against competitors.
Furthermore, reputation recognition increased quality and excellence of services.
We have experienced, qualified and passionate management team.

2. Description of where Business needs to Move Forward:


In start we supply our products directly through our business center, after a short period
when got reputation then submitted through retailers and vendors.

Competitive Analysis:
As there is no direct market related to new born babies till 1st year in Pakistan.
All items are collectively not available at a single place.
Mother Care is only brand which is serving in Pakistan market. But mother
care is catering general kinds of items for babies.
Mother care is dealing items from new born baby till 6 years. So they have low
variety of items related to new born babies till 1st year.

Following Items are Deal by Mother Care:

1) Towels & Robes

2) Lotions

3) Feeders & Nipples

4) Creams

5) Blankets

6) Powders

7) Baby Cart

8) Oils

9) Dippers

10) Baby wipes

11) Prom

12) Safety belts

13) Walker

14) Car Seater

III. Management Team:


A. Management Team:

Management team plays a vital role in the maintenance and improvement of business
activities.

Our management team consists of 4 group members.


It is a partnership business and we all group members share the risk, cost and
responsibilities.

Each partner is self-employed and takes the share of profit.


All of us share in decision making and is personally responsible for any debt that the
business runs up.

1. Team Experience, Abilities and Technical Expertise:

Khuram (Managing Director):


Mr. Khuram had done Bachelor of Arts from university of Punjab. During his graduation Mr.
Khuram starts to monitor his family business of fast food, sweets & bakers. His vast experience
in his family business makes him sound in business management and monitoring.

Nadeem Ahmad (CFO):


Mr. Nadeem Ahmad had done bachelor of commerce from university of Punjab. After finishing
his graduation Mr. Nadeem Ahmad starts his career as junior finance manager with NIPA
(National Institute of Public administration) that is governed and monitored by Pakistan army.

Umar Ali Shah (Marketing Manager):


Mr. Umar Ali Shah had done his Bachelor of Commerce from university of Punjab. After
finishing his Graduation Mr. Umar Ali Shah Starts his Career with 360 solutions call center as
area sales manager. He has also working experience as credit card sales manager with bank
Alfalah.

Malik Farhan Iftikhar (HR Manager):


Mr. Malik Farhan Iftikhar has done his Bachelor of computer sciences from university of south
Asia. During his graduation his starts work with Innovator developer software house as a
graphics designer. After completion of his graduation he start job in Govt. I.T department as a
project coordinator.

B. Board of directors:
The role of BODs is to oversee and monitor the activities of the business. As our business is in
initial (Introduction) stage, based on partnership so our board will consist of our team members.

Business Angels:

C. Board of Advisors:
1. Board of Advisory:

MR. Zafar Mahmood

Ch. M. Zulqarnain Wahlah

(Owner of Al-Kuwait Fast Food, Sweets &

(Wahlah Law Associates)

Bakers)

(Advocates & Legal Consultants)

Mr. Syed Shanam Ahmad

Mr. Muhammad Adeeel Bilal

(Owner of General Tire Traders &

(Naseaa Business Solutions

Wholesaler)

2. Mamta Board of Advisors Includes:

(Pvt) Ltd)

3. How the advisory Board will be used:


These persons help, advise, monitor and guide regarding market and business
operations.

D. Key professional service Providers:


1. Law Firm:

Lawyer

Ch. M. Zulqarnain Wahlah

Company
Name

Wahlah Law Associates


(Advocates & Legal Consultants)

Address

8- Nabha Road, Opp. Custom House, Lahore

Contact

0333-4209990

2. Accounting Firm:
As our business is at initial (Introduction) stage so our company did not required any external
accounting firm.
All the financial activities will be managed by our chief financial officer (Mr. Nadeem Ahmad).

3. Business Consultant:

Company Name:

Naseaa Business Solutions (Pvt) Ltd

Address:

Suit # 01, 2nd floor, Shamim Square Main Market, Gulberg-II, Lahore.

Contact:

0321-9603362, 0333-4266645

Email:

Adeel.bilal@naseaa.com

IV. Company Structure, Intellectual Property and Ownership:


A. Organizational Structure:

1. Description of Organizational Structure:


Our organizational structure is simple and internal. We formalized our work in such a way that
we all member are linked together.
Our organization based on matrix structure. This type of structure schema hierarchical
throughout all departments and create project teams composed of people from all departments or
divisions.
Unlike conventional methods, our methodology is based on two way communication. All
members are linked together to talk to each other.
By the help of this approach, it will be easy to analysis that what is good for business activities
and business as whole.
This structure help the members to share ideas among themselves relaying on the acquired
knowledge and experience in different areas to form up a proposed solution.
This structure also enables to maintain a small snap of control on business, at first our business is
at initial stage but when with the passage of time business will expand , it help us to maintain
hierarchical control over the business.

2. Organizational Chart:

Khuram
(Managing
Director)

Nadeem Ahmad
(Chief Financial
Officer)

Malik Farhan
Iftikhar
(Human
Resource
Manager)

Umar Ali Shah


(Marketing
Manager)

2.1 Description of Organizational Chart:


Financial Department:

Mr. Nadeem Ahmad control, monitor and manage this department as a chief financial officer of
Mamta.
He is responsible of monitoring all the financial activities; prepare annual reports, audit reports
and budget policy of the business.

Marketing Department:
Mr. Umar Ali Shah control, monitor and manage this department as marketing manager of
Mamta.
He is responsible to keep an eye on competitors, formulate strategies and promote the business to
achieve great market share.

HRM Department:
Mr. Malik Farhan Iftikhar control, monitor and manage this department as a human resource
manager of Mamta.
He is responsible to hire people, motivate employees to increase the work efficiency. As our
business is on initial stage so we need small span of employees.

2.2 Job Description:


a.

Finance Manager:
o Key Responsibilities:

Monitor all financial activities and financial aspects of business. Applicant must have knowledge
about preparing annual reports, audit reports and establish budget policy.

Job Requirements:

Job Title:

Finance Manager

Job Type:

Permanent

Job Location:

Lahore

Minimum Education:

Masters Degree

Degree Requirement:

MBA in Finance

Experience:

2-3 years in related field.

b. Marketing Manager:
o Key Responsibilities:

Keep an eye on competitors, formulate strategies and promote the business through
advertisement and sales promotions to achieve great market share and represent our brand at
national level.

Job Requirement:

Job Title:

Marketing Manager

Job Type:

Permanent

Job Location:

Lahore

Minimum Education:

Masters Degree

Degree Title

MBA in Marketing

Experience

2 years in related field

c. Human Resource Management:


o Key Responsibilities:

The main objective is recruitment, selection, orientation, motivation, performance evaluation,


performance appraisal and retrenchment of employees.

Job Requirement:

Job Title:

HRM Manager

Job Type:

Permanent

Job Location:

Lahore

Minimum Education:

Masters Degree

Degree Title:

MBA in HRM

Experience:

2 years in related field

d. Other Employees Job Description:


o Key Responsibilities:
Must have knowledge to manage different tasks like time delivery and address. Must have the
potential to supervise and monitor the packing and distributing. Must have command on public
relation and know how to deal with customer during the marketing of the product.

Job Requirement:
Job Title:

Brand Manager

Job Type:

Permanent

Job Location:

Lahore

Minimum Education:

Under Graduate

B. Legal Structure and Ownership:


1. Legal Form of Organization:
Legal structure of our business is partnership.
Its a partnership business and we all group members share the risks, costs and
responsibilities of being in business.
Each partner is self-employed and takes a share of the profits.
All of us share in the decision-making and is personally responsible for any debts that
the business runs up.

2. Ownership Structure of the Business:


Mamta is a start up business and currently consist of four active partners.
The partnership is divided among each member as per their share of finance invested
in the business.

1) Khuram (Managing Director)


2) Nadeem Ahmad (Chief Financial Officer)
3) Umar Ali Shah (Marketing Manager)
4) Malik Farhan Iftikhar (Human Resource Manager)

Owners Liability:
Liability of owner in Mamta is limited. If business goes fail, only shareholders are
liable to suffer loss.

Continuity of the Business:


If any member of the company get retire or in case of death of any member,
business will not be affected. The transfer of the interest will be done as by laws
of company with agreed terms and conditions.

Profit and Loss Distribution:


All the profits and losses are divided among all members as per their investment
proportion in the business.

C. Intellectual Property:
1. Patents, Trademarks and Copy rights:

Company
Name:
Company
Slogan:

Company Name:

Company
Logo:

The business will register under the name of Mamta.

Name

No. of
Character

Colors and
Shades

Font Size

Font Style

MAMTA

M,A,M,T,A = 6

Maroon, Dark
Purple & white

78

Times New
Roman

Company Slogan:
The slogan trademark of Mamta is known as Bachpan Ka Pahla Tohfa. It consists of
following number of characters.
Words
Bachpan

No. of
Characters
B,a,c,h,p,a,n = 7

Ka

K,a = 2

Pahla

P,a,h,l,a = 5

Tohfa

T,o,h,f,a = 5

Colors and
Shades
Silver with Blue
Background
Silver with Blue
Background
Silver with Blue
Background
Silver with Blue
Background

Font Size

Font Style

78

Times New
Roman
Times New
Roman
Times New
Roman
Times New
Roman

78
78
78

Company Logo:
The above is the diagram which will be registered as a company trademark.
Shapes
Colors
Shades
Baby in Blanket
Skin, Pink, Yellow and White Pink and white Shade

v.

Industry Analysis:

a. Industry Description:
Pakistan is a under development country. It occupies small region in south Asia but it has
significant improved economy.
Lahore is known as the most popular, developed city of Punjab province. In recent year a
lot of changes are occurred for the betterment, beauty and improvement of lifestyle.
Trend of buying imported goods and items for new born baby is significantly increased in
middle and upper class families.
The high birth rate (24.81 per 1,000 population) give us a opportunity to provide all the
quality new born baby check list items to parents and parents to be in an affordable range.

Although life style of peoples are becoming change a lot of women in cities are now
doing jobs, some women are much busy in family activities due to joint family structure
in Pakistan.
Now people dont have enough time to think about the products and it become
challenging task to go in market and search your required products.
We would like to provide gift pack that consists of all the necessary checklist items for
your infant.

i.

Industry Trend:
Newborn baby clothing have same importance as it is with adult clothes, each season
make sufficient change in fashion, style and choice of peoples. Trends and style come in
and out with the passage of time and requirements.
People dont like to wrap simple clothes to their babies. If you look around yourself,
parents specially mothers are clothing their baby cute, fashionable and new verity. It
seems to be Trend these days.
Every newborn baby gets all the attention of its surroundings in the1st 5 years of life,
either its family gathering or mothers group.

We brought the idea of gift pack which consists of all essential items for new born baby,
to fulfill the need of having everything collectively on one spot.
Industry trend can be measured by following factors:
Organizational Environment
Industry Size
Industry attractiveness
Profit Potential
Industry Life Cycle

1) Organizational Environment:
In organizational environment we have

External Environment
External environment of any company includes the following factors.
a) Industry Environment
b) Macro Environment

a) Industry Environment:

In industry environment following factors can greatly influence our business:


Threat of new entrant
Bargaining power of buyers
Bargaining power of suppliers
Rivalry among competitors
Substitutability

Threat of new entrant: (High)


In retail market, baby clothing are most popular and attractive categories. This industry
has a lot of potential of growth especially in Pakistan.
So threat of new entrant will always be high due to large number of expected competitors
and high profit margin.

Bargaining power of buyers: (High)


Buyer always has greater influence on buying. Bargaining power of buyers will be high
due to availability of all products collectively on one spot.

Bargaining power of suppliers: (low)


Buying power of suppliers will be low due to large number of suppliers available in
market.

Rivalry among the competitors: (High)


Currently there are not a very large number of competitors but after Mamta the rivalry
among the local competitors might increase.

Substitutability: (High)
Due to our product uniqueness, assembling and packing, substitutes are not very high.

b) Macro Environment:
A lot of concerns beyond the company control might influence on the Mamta
development.

Macro environment of Mamta includes the following factors:


Political factors
Technological factors
Social factors
Economical factors

Political Factors:
Legal and Political forces has great importance for every industry in country.
In Pakistan political position is highly instable and it might influence on the operations of
Mamta.

Technological Factors:
Mamta make the product availability possible within 24 hours whereas customer can
place order through website and phone call.
This makes Mamta strong in technological factors then other competitors.

Social Factors:
Social forces of a country show the norm, values, need and culture of its people.
It will take time for Mamta to create a strong relationship and brand name with
customers.

Economical Factors:
Availability, production and distribution of resources can affect by the economic forces.
As inflation rate is high in Pakistan, it can affect the Mamta.
But our gift packs are available at best prices as comparative to market.

Size of Business

Decline

Maturity

Stage
of
Industry
Life

Shake out

Smaller Business
Cell-5
Niche-Low-Cost
Niche-low-Cost /
Differentiation
Cell-4
Niche-Low-Cost
Niche-Differentiation
Niche-Low-Cost /
Differentiation
Cell-3
Niche-Low-Cost
Nice-Differentiation
Niche-Low-Cost /
Differentiation
Cell-2

Growth

Embryonic

Niche-Low-Cost
Niche- Differentiation
Niche-Low-Cost /
Differentiation
Cell-1
Niche-Differentiation

Larger Business
Cell-9
Low-Cost
Low-Cost-Differentiation
Multiple
Cell-8
Low-Cost-Differentiation
Low-Cost-Differentiation
Multiple
Cell-7
Low-Cost Differentiation
Low-Cost-Differentiation
Multiple

Cell-6
Low-Cost Differentiation
Low-Cost-Differentiation
Multiple

2) Industry Size:
As clothing and other required accessories are basic needs. The industry size for such
goods and items is large. Many small scale businesses are producing such items. A lot of
items are imported from other countries like china.
These items are increasing the competition day by day.

3) Industry Attractiveness:
Mamta is attaining two different types of industries at a time.

1. Retailing
2. Distribution / Delivering

In retailing of items, Mamta sell its items through its business center.
In delivery, gift pack will be delivered at customer door step.
High profit in the industry can avail because our idea is unique and we are providing the
entire baby checklist items collectively on one spot.
As birth rate is high in Pakistan, it is expected that there will be a large number of
customer whose need is to be fulfilled.

4) Profit Potential:
It is expected that Mamta will gain high profit potential. A lot of work is to be done
with help of local suppliers and our out sourcing.
Cost on each gift pack will be reasonable, this help to gain more revenue to exceed from
break even.

B. Target Market:
Our target market consist of those male and female who are
Parents
About to be parents
Adults
Those adults are also include in target market who plan for giving gift pack on events
like at new baby birth in family.

i. Target Segment:
There are different classes in Pakistani society. We plan to target peoples having more
than 15,000 salaries. This range consist of
Middle class
Upper class
People who want to buy best for their children regardless of income
Our gift pack will be available at a very reasonable price which also enables the lower
middle class peoples or those who want to buy best for their children regardless of
income or economic condition.

C. Competitive Position with Target Market:


Competitor Analysis:
To analyze the strength and weakness of the competitor, we had done our
competitor analysis.
Competitors of Mamta fall into two major sections.
a) Direct competitors
b) Indirect competitors

Direct Competitors:
Currently we dont have any direct competitor because our product and idea are
unique.
Our idea is to provide
1. All the related baby items in gift pack
2. Delivery at your door step

But there are some international brands who would consider as our direct competitors because of
their imported garments and shops, like
1. Mother Care
2. Baby Shop
3. Next
4. Potpourri
5. Bareeze - Minnie Minors

Indirect Competitors:
Currently Mamta is considering two types of indirect competitors
1. Competitors with same product line
2. Competitors with different product line

Competitors with Same Product Line:


In this category those peoples are include who are selling new born baby items such as
1. Al-Fatah

6. B-Bushh

2. Hyper Star

7. Bonnie Jeans of NYC

3. Jalal Sons

8. Royal Baby Boutique

4. Kids Wear

9. Bumble & Bumble

5. Baby & Baba

10. Mamas Boy Daddys Girl

These vendors are selling new born baby items at a very cheap quality but people buy them.

Competitor with Different Product Line:


We also analysis that there are still some competitors who have enough potential to be
our strong oppose. Such as,
1. Chen One
2. Nishat Linen
3. Bed & Bath
These businesses have different product line but they have enough capability to start
selling new born baby products.

VI.

Marketing Plan:

To compete in todays busy and competitive market; there should be a strategy that ensures
critical competition to your product and services.

BCG Matrix:
In BCG matrix, the following factors can identify our products position:
1. Industry Growth Rate (High)
2. Market Share (Low)
By considering all stated factors, our product will be question mark.

SWOT Analysis:

Strengths:
Mamta has following strengths:
1. All products in one gift pack
2. All quality and imported products from well know markets
3. Strong supply chain

Weakness:
There are chances that Mamta has to face following weakness:
1. Less Awareness about Product among People.
2. Have no super store of us.

Opportunities:
There are following opportunities for Mamta:
1. Products modification as per customer need and demand
2. No direct competitor so can hold good market position
3. Mamta itself has attraction which helps to produce brand
recognition.

Threats:
There are following threats for Mamta:
1. Economic condition of country
2. In case of tragedy, supply chain can be disturbed
3. Government Rules and Regulations (Taxes, Management Strategies)

S.W.O.T Matrix:

Strengths-S

Weakness- W

All products in one Gift Pack.


All Quality and Imported
Items.
Strong Supply Chain.

Less Awareness about product


among people.
No Super Store for us.

SO- Strategies

WO- Strategies

Products Modification as per


Customer Need.
No Direct Competitor.
Brand Recognition

Low Cost Structure


Price Penetration
Specific Product Line

Strong Campaign Regarding


to Product Awareness.
Provide Maximum Quality
Service and Operation.
Get Maximum Market Share.

Threats- T

ST- Strategies

WT- Strategies

Less Specialized in Field.


Low Cost Structure.

Strong Campaign Regarding


to Product Awareness.
Cost Based Strategy

Opportunities- O

Economic Condition of
Country.
In case of Tragedy, Supply
Chain can Disturbed.

P.E.S.T Analysis:

Political Factors:
Political environment of a country always effect on Business operations, new
entrant in industry and buying power of public.
From last few years, government is playing role in the improvement of business
sector and encouraging new comers in the field of business.
New licenses are being awarded to lot of new businesses, products and ideas.
Present Government support business environment in Pakistan markets, its help to
grow industry rapidly.
Mamta management strongly believes that current Govt. will perform well and
must take further steps for the improvement, smoothness of business operation in
Pakistani environment.

Economic factors:
As compare to foreign countries inflation rate is unstable in Pakistan. Due to
inflation spending power of customer has infected.
As economy increase in Pakistan, spending power will make positive effect on the
production industry.
After September 11, global economy of the world is in depression. Fighting
against war on terrorism make negative effect on Pakistan economy.
However this effect is short term. Our economy is become to boom due to foreign
remittances.

Social Factors:
Influence of social and cultural factors varies from country to country. In
Pakistan, joint family system is common and social structure is tied.
Trends are changing rapidly, as public is getting educated and is seeking to
achieve professional goals.
Now, customers are more aware of market conditions and available options, and
want to gain the best value for their money.
Need of facilitation is increasing because customers are spending so much time
and money on benefits.
Customers now desire for value added services in less time as with superior
quality. Although Pakistans social culture is very liberal.
People like less costly but quality products and services.
Mamta management is also focusing on the desire of people as per their
demand and satisfaction.

Technological Factors:
Technology plays a vital role in the product development. It gives competitive
advantage in the industry.
Demand for technology is becoming essential for business innovators.
In todays fast moving world internet is playing its deep role in information
sharing and knowledge updating. Now, customers can do:
1. Online booking.
2. Inquire about products.
3. Inquire about upcoming trends.
4. Check status of their order placing.
5. 24/7 access

There are also some problems with technology enhancement.


Rapid changing is occurring in technology. Selection of appropriate technology also has a
great influence on products and industry as well.
Un-appropriate advancement in technology can lead to offset pressure on costs.

Porters Model:

Competitive Grid:

COMPETITIVE FORCES

THREAT TO INDUSTRY PROFIBILITY


LOW

MEDIUM

HIGH

THREAT OF NEW ENTRANT

BARGANING POWER OF BUYER

BATGANING POWER OF
SUPPLIER

RIVILARY AMOUNG
COMPETITORS

THEART OF SUBSTITUES

Competitive Grid Rating:

RATINGS

BEST
3

GOOD
2

AVERAGE
1

NAME

Mamta

Mother
Care

Chen one

Baby
Enem

Baby
Shop

Product Features

Compatibility of
Products with Popular
Platforms

Access to Distribution
Channels

Quality of Products

Price

Marketing Support

Quality of Customer
Service

Total Score

15

18

17

13

11

A. Product Feasibility and Strategy:


1. Product Strategy:
It is an important tool in product management and formulation of strategies for business. It is a
vision that defines where a company wants to go, how it will get there and why it will be
successful.
Mamta strategy states
Where the company wants to go?
a. Company wants to provide the quality and quantity of goods and services in daily
usage of life.
b. Company wants to build strong brand recognition in general public.

How it will get there?


a. Company will get it by providing best quality products and services.
b. For this purpose company have strong, competent and hard working team.

Why it will be successful?


a. Company will be successful by fulfilling desire and need of customers.
b. By building strong relationship with customers.
c. By achieving total efficiency.

Marketing Mix:
It is also known as 7 Ps of service marketing mix.
1. Product

2. People

3. Price

4. Process

5. Place

6. Physical Evidence

7. Promotion

Product Planning:
It is a process of identification and development of new products.
It helps in following manners:
a. It make choices that in which business ideas company should invest
b. Help to create a framework for decision making
c. Help to avoid the expensive dead ends.
d. Help to conduct survey
e. Research on competitors
f. Help to identify the emerging trends.

Mamta plan to provide the following aspects for customer attention and satisfaction
a. Quality of products
b. Packaging
c. Home Delivery and so on.

Mamta Product Strategy Includes:

Total Quality Management (TQM):


Mamta will use TQM for the improvement in product quality. Whole human
resource will be involved in this process.

Product Development:
It is a process of bringing new products and benefits to market.
Mamta is following the product development because
1. Introducing the necessary products for new born babies
2.

Introducing the complete check list of items

3. Providing all items collectively in one gift pack


4. Adding quality in the products

The Innovation Strategies:


It helps organization to achieve success in product development.
Depending on the market and strategy risk, following innovative strategies are used
a. Offensive Strategies
b. Opportunities
c. Combination of both (Offensive + Opportunities)
Mamta development is indicating our offensive strategies.

Features and Benefits:


1. Check list of necessary items collectively on one spot
2. Attaining those customers who have to spend extra time to find all the quality
products for infants.
3. Hired qualified and expert employees which help to make sure that customers
understand our products.
4. Delivery of products to right person at right time.
5. Special gift pack for special occasions on demand or at special orders.

Success Rate of the Product:


More home work (Pre Development work) will be done before the launch of Mamta in
the market.
Proper execution of launching will make product successful in the market.
All the resources must be placed in, to operate successfully.
For customer better understanding and knowledge about the product, awareness
campaign will be launched.

Product Life Cycle:

In product life cycle Mamta falls on introductory stage. At start it has almost low or no profit
but by compiling the strategies, it will soon recover breakeven point.

Mamta Image as Brand:


Mamta image as a brand will be shaped as
1. A Value Added
2. Different from other products
To attain special attention and different position in market and among customers, special
marketing efforts will be done.

Branding Strategies:
Mamta will be promote as
1. New Brand
2. Different from others
3. Containing Unique Attributes
4. Gift pack according to demand

Product Category:
It will be categorized as
1. New Brand as per demand
2. Quality of products in one gift pack
3. Delivery at door step

Brand Positioning:
Mamta will be positioned among customers on the basis of following benefits
1. A strong product line containing all the check list items of new born babies.
2. Delivery at door step.
3. All check list items in on gift pack.
4. Reduce time of thinking, planning and searching.
5. Available at one spot.

Brand Development Strategies:


Mamta is focusing on its gift packs which are at present not available by any of its
competitors.
So for brand development Mamta is focusing on
Fastest Packing
Delivery on time.

2. Concept Testing:
A questionnaire survey have conducted from random sample of
People at different departmental stores having kids.
It helps to analysis the idea. We found that a lot of people like our idea and are
interested in using if such product or service is available in market.

3. Usability Testing:
Mamta conduct a usability test by offering the gift pack to random sample of
1. People in market place
2. Over the internet
All the participants like the gift pack and analysis it as a useful gift pack because
1. It fulfilling the need
2. Containing good quality products.
3. Containing good quantity of products.
4. Easily available.
On the basis of following factors we conduct concept testing.

B. Pricing Strategy:
Mamta made its pricing strategy on the basis of following factors
1. Quality of Goods
2. Quantity of Goods
3. Market Value
We set our gift pack prices below of our competitors. We compose three types of gift
packs.
1. Basic gift pack
2. Super gift pack
3. Combo gift pack

GIFT PACK 1 / (BASIC)


ITEM NAME

QUANTITY

PRICE

MAMTA PRICE

Night Dress

200

250

Burp Clothes

200

250

Caps

40

50

Globs

40

50

Shoes

150

190

Bunyan
Socks

3
2

90
40

120
60

Blanket
Bib

1
6

500
120

600
150

Towel
Handkerchief

1
2

120
40

150
60

Soap
Lotion

1
1

50
90

70
110

Shampoo
Powder

1
1

70
70

90
90

Baby Wipes
Bath Tub

1
1

90
250

110
300

Grip Water
Feeders

1
1

40
250

50
300

Pampers
Tether

1
1

370
40

400
50

Oil
Ear Buds

1
1

70
40

90
50

Teeth Ring

30
2,500

50
3,500

Total

GIFT PACK 2 / (SUPER)


ITEM NAME
Burp Cloths

QUANTITY
1

PRICE
190

MAMTA PRICE
250

Crib Sheets

150

180

Pillows
Pampers
Shoes
Diaper Bag

1
1
1
1

150
370
150
60

180
375
180
100

Bottle Bag
Potty Trainer
Dipper Changing Table
Key Toy
Musical Mobile Toy
Photo frame
Boiler
Brush for feeder
Prom
Powder Container
Brest Pump
Caps
Globs
Socks
Tether
Total

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1

150
250
50
60
150
60
190
90
1200
70
150
40
40
40
40
3,500

180
350
100
80
200
80
250
100
1800
120
155
60
60
60
45
4,925

GIFT PACK 3 / (COMBO)


ITEM NAME
Burp Clothes
Baby Cart
Travel Bag
Walker
Sting Chair

QUANTITY
1
1
1
1
1
Total

PRICE
200
1200
400
2000
500
4,300

MAMTA PRICE
250
1800
500
3000
690
6,200

C. Channels of Distribution:
Different distribution channels are used by Mamta

Direct Selling:
Mamta sell its products directly to customers. Process flow for that purpose is
1. Take all the check list items through sourcing
2. Tagging of items according to requirements
3. Packing into designed gift pack
4. Server to customer directly by
a. Telephone call order
b. Internet placed order
c. Through outlets

D. Promotion:
In this section Mamta will choose those channels which will be more appealing
to audience and promote it.
These are:
1. Electronic Media
a. Mamta Own Website
b. Face Book
c. Skype
d. Twitter
2. Newspaper
a. Jang
b. Nawa-e-Waqt
c. Dawn
3. Outdoor Advertisements
a. Banners
b. Bill Boards
c. Flyers
d. Standee
4. Personnel Selling
5. Direct Phone Selling

E. Place:
People you're trying to get to buy from you actually know you exist by selecting the right
place.
On the behalf of above factor, Mamta has
Select the model town link road area for point of sale.
It is big market of model town and is in center in between Gulberg, DHA, Johar town and
Township.

So initially we are catering big society of Lahore city.


F. People:
People make or break any marketing campaign. Because we are marketing to peoples and
they take out their wallets to buy products and services.
On the other hand recruiting the right staff and training them appropriately is necessary in
business.
On the behalf of above factors, Mamta is focusing to
Keep a close eye on staff behavior.
Give maximum value to customers.

G. Process:
Make each and every process your customer goes through as easy for them as possible.
By considering the above factor, Mamta is design
Single step items selection.
Ease in payment process.
Ease in collection of items.

H. Physical Evidence:
You want your customer to experience the product as much as possible, even before they
pay you money through trials, samples, etc.
By considering the above factor, customers can
Check the sample Gift Pack.
Select the Pre-Designed Gift Packs.
Customize as per their demand.

VII.

Operational Planning:
A. Method of Production and Service delivery:

Mamta will deliver its products from its outsourcing. Product tagging and packing will be done
by employees through our workshop.
Mamta will get products from following suppliers in market:
Name of Company:

AL-FALAH TRADERS
(Importers & Whole Salers)

Name of Supplier:

Sardar Muhammad

Business Location:

18 / B, Shah Alam Market, Lahore

Contact Number:

042-7631947, 7652057

Name of company:

Al-BABAR GARMENTS

Name of Supplier:

Yasir Ali

Business Location:

8 / C Muqdas Plaza, Shah Alam Market, Lahore

Contact Number:

042-7673433, 7673434

Name of Company:

ONE TEN TOYS

Name of Supplier:

Ghulam Ghous & Brothers

Business Location:

Shop No.2, E / 160 Al-Fatah Market, Shah Alam Market,


Lahore.

Contact Number:

042-7667024, 0321-9860684

Delivery Service:
Product delivery will be done by our employees under the umbrella of Mamta. We will
deliver our product within 24 hours in Lahore.
(Note: Initially we will not deal outside of Lahore city.)

B. Availability of Qualified Labor Pool:


Management Team:
Mamta has skilled, qualified and experienced management.
These are:

Khuram (Managing Director):


Qualification: Mr. Khuram had done Bachelor of Arts from university of Punjab.
Experience: Monitor his family business of fast food, sweets & bakers.
Nadeem Ahmad (CFO):
Qualification: Mr. Nadeem Ahmad had done bachelor of commerce from university of Punjab.
Experience: Junior finance manager with NIPA (National Institute of Public administration)
that is governed and monitored by Pakistan army.

Umar Ali Shah (Marketing Manager):


Qualification: Mr. Umar Ali Shah had done his Bachelor of Commerce from university of
Punjab.

Experience: Starts his Career with 360 solutions call center as area sales manager. He has also
working experience as credit card sales manager with bank Alfalah.

Malik Farhan Iftikhar (HR Manager):


Qualification: Mr. Malik Farhan Iftikhar has done his Bachelor of computer sciences from
university of south Asia.

Experience: Govt. I.T department as a project coordinator.


b) List of Employees:
STAFF SALARIES
Delivery Boys
Sweeper
Packing Boys

NUMBERS
3
1
2

C. Business Partnerships:
Mamta is a partnership business. It is register under company ordinance 1932.

Types of Partnership:
Suppliers:
Our suppliers are not our direct partners in true sense because Mamta will get only raw martial
from them on daily basis and adjust the payment on the spot.

Distribution Channels:
a. Our own outlet
b. Self selling
c. Website order
d. Phone orders
e. Al-Fatah
f. Makro
g. Metro
h. Hyper star

D. Quality Control:
To provide the best quality of products and service, Mamta is following different
approaches.

Total Quality Management:


To provide the best quality of products and services, every employee of Mamta is
deeply involved in quality control.

Societal, Ethical and Consumer Issues:


Mamta responsibility approaches about society are

Towards General Public:


Employing Local Peoples
Participation in the improvement of Nonprofit Organizations
Community involvement for the betterment of society

Towards Employees:
Facilitate to communicate at all levels
Providing training about social issue and responsibilities
Facilitate internal communication

Towards Channel Members:


Give value to both oral and written communication
Give value to suggestions by channel members
Accepting reasonable suggestion by members

Towards Owners:
Fairly reporting of documents
Fairly presentation of financial information
Detailed explanation about issues and problems

E. Customer Support:
For customer support and guidance our help will be available 24 / 7.
As Mamta promise its customers to
1. Availability of all check list items
2. Home delivery of goods
3. Verity of gift packs
4. Full satisfaction

Financial Plan
I. Description of what the Business needs
The amount of capital needed and what the capital will be used if
the plan is going to the potential investor
Total Start-Up Cost

2,230,090

After composing all costs and expenses total startup cost required for Mamta is about 2.2
Million Pak Rs.

Equity
Debt
TOTAL INVESTEMENT

INITIAL INVESTEMENT
4,000,000
0

Total Net Cash Inflow

TOTAL
4,000,000
0
4,000,000

5,843,165 7,812,136 9,628,048

After commencement of business Mamta receives total cash inflows of 5.8 Million in 1st year,
7.8 Million and 9.6 Million in 2nd and 3rd year respectively.

J. Brief Summary of Financial Projections


Mamta is new startup business that is why it has no past or historical financial data.
We analysis the need and conduct survey along with the past data of direct
competitors. This survey helps us to forecast the projected sales, Income statements,
Balance sheets and Cash flow statements from current year till next 2 years.

There are 4 active members who are financially supporting the new business idea
with 4,000,000 Pak Rs. Equity proportion of these members is 25%.
Mamta is partnership business so all 4 active partners will share the risk and
rewards of all financial activities.
3,270,235

Profit After Tax

5,145,924

6,868,706

As per financial statements Mamta is gaining 3,270,235 Pak Rs. Profit during its 1st
year, 5,145,924 Pak Rs. Profit during 2nd year and 6,868,706 Pak Rs. Profit during 3rd
year.
Growth in Rent Expense = 20 % p.a
Tax Rate = 35 %

DESCRPTION
Sales/Revenues
Direct Cost and Expense
Gross Profit

INCOME STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR END
YEAR 1
YEAR 2
Rs.
Rs.
7,845,370
10,881,389
1,314,240
1,389,582
6,531,130
9,491,807

YEAR 3
Rs.
13,917,558
1,460,317
12,457,241

Rent Expenses

1,500,000

1,575,000

1,890,000

Profit Before Tax

5,031,130

7,916,807

10,567,241

Taxation
Profit After Tax

1,760,896

2,770,882

3,698,534

3,270,235

5,145,924

6,868,706

Vertical Analysis:
VERTICAL ANALYSIS OF INCOME STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR END
DESCRPTION
YEAR 1
YEAR 2
%
%
Sales/Revenues
100.00
100.00
Direct Cost and Expense
16.75
12.77
Gross Profit
83.25
87.23
Rent Expenses
19.12
14.47

YEAR 3
%
100.00
10.49
89.51
13.58

Profit Before Tax


Taxation
Profit After Tax

64.13
22.45
41.68

72.76
25.46
47.29

75.93
26.57
49.35

Horizontal Analysis:
HORIZONTAL ANALYSIS OF INCOME STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR END
DESCRPTION
YEAR 1
YEAR 2
%
%
Sales/Revenues
0.00
38.70
Direct Cost and Expense
0.00
5.73
Gross Profit
0.00
45.33
Rent Expenses
0.00
5.00
Profit Before Tax
0.00
57.36
Taxation
0.00
57.36
Profit After Tax
0.00
57.36

YEAR 3
%
27.90
5.09
31.24
20.00
33.48
33.48
33.48

CASH FLOW STATEMENT


In Flow

Out Flow

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

1,389,582

1,460,317

OPERATING
ACTIVITIES
Direct Cost &
Expenses
1,314,240
Rent Expenses
1,500,000

1575000

1890000

1,760,896

2770882

3698534

Taxes

Revenues

10,818,00
0

7,785,000

13851000

Net In Flow
3,209,865 5,082,536

6,802,148

INVESTING
ACTIVITIES
Equipment
963,000

963,000

963,000

500,000

500,000

500,000

1,463,000

1463000

1463000

4,000,000

4,000,000

4,000,000

5,746,865

7619536

9,339,148

96,300

192,600

288,900

5,843,165

7,812,136

9,628,048

Advance Payment
Net Out Flow
FINANCING
ACTIVITIES
Equity
4,000,000
Net In Flow /Out
Flow

Total Cash Inflow


Add: Back
Depreciation
Total Net Cash
Inflow

Material Interpretation
The material amount which we used is recovered when we sold.
Note:

depreciation which include in year 2 and 3 are the accumulated depreciation

Particulars
Capital & Reserve
Capital
Un-Appropriate Profit

BALANCE SHEET
AS ON FOR YEAR ENDED
Year1
4,000,000
3,270,235

Year2

Year3

4,000,000
5,145,924

4,000,000
6,868,706

Sub Total

7,270,235

9,145,924

10,868,706

7,270,235

9,145,924

10,868,706

Fixed Assets
Van
Motor Bikes
A.Cs
Furniture & Fixture
Computer
CDs for Advertisement
Printer
Electric Fan
Telephone Set
Micro Wave Oven
Water Dispenser
Generator

558,000
75,600
67,500
90,000
18,000
2,700
3,600
10,800
1,800
4,500
11,700
22,500

496,000
67,200
60,000
80,000
16,000
2,400
3,200
9,600
1,600
4,000
10,400
20,000

434,000
58,800
52,500
70,000
14,000
2,100
2,800
8,400
1,400
3,500
7,900
18,700

Sub total

866,700

770,400

674,100

5,843,165
60,370
500,000
6,403,535
7,270,235

7,812,136
63,389
500,000
8,375,524
9,145,924

9,628,048
66,558
500,000
10,194,606
10,868,706

Long Term Liabilities


Loans
Sub Total
Current Liabilities
Tax Payable
Sub Total
Total Liabilities & Equity

Current Assets
Cash & Bank
Raw Material Inventory
advance security for POS
Sub Total
Total Assets

F. The exit strategies of Mamta are


Partnership deed must be signed by all the partners.

No partner can quit from business before 5 years.


After 5 years, if a partner wants to quit from the business then he has to
inform at least 1 year before.
If any partner quits from business after fulfilling all obligations, he or she will
get his share after 2 years.
In case of loss in business, every partner will be liable for his or her share in
the organization.

IX. Critical Risk Factors


A. Management Risk
For packing & distribution new employees will hired, who will be inexperienced
which cause a risk in startup. To mitigate that risk management will train them.
For that training management will have make the adjustments in the budget. For
training management will also have to make adjustment in their timings. Extra
duties will be assigned to the management.
To mitigate all these management risk, company will hire skilled and experienced
employees.

B. Marketing Risk
Our marketing plan is based on prices, facts & figures from different resources.

The marketing risk is that prices of ads are not constant throughout the year. They
are changing on quarterly bases.
This factor can influence our profit margin because our business is heavily
dependent on marketing activities.
To mitigate this risk, we develop our promotional plan on average prices of ads
throughout years.

C. Operating Risk
As our setup is in Pakistani environment, so our country has very uncertain
economic condition.
Strikes cause leaves.
Official holidays can delay our supplies.
Energy breakdown can discontinue our production.
Increase in raw material prices.
Increase in prices from suppliers.
These factors can harm our business operations.
D. Financial Risk
To forecast demand, we conduct survey and on the basis of survey we assumed
the demand. But there is always risk that our forecasted demand can be over
stated or understated.

E. Intellectual Property Infringement


To maintain uniqueness and sovereignty of business, we will obtain copy rights
and trademark.
Because we have our own
Brand Name
Logo

We will get register our business under that brand name and logo. If any person
uses our name or logo, he or she will be dealt legally.

1. Copyright:
Company will apply for the copyright registration under the name of Mamta.

2. Trademark:
Our business will be register under the following trademark.

CAREER OBJECTIVE
A continues learner and an enthusiastic educator with a passionate
committed to Business organization and learning experiences. Skilled in the
design of challenging, enriching and innovative activities that a canter to the
vicarious interests and needs of employer. Seeking a position in a growth
oriented organization, where I can prove my professional skills and abilities.

EDUCATIONAIL QUALIFICATION
2009
2008

UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL PUNJAB


MBA (BANKING & FINANCE)
UNIVERSITY OF PUNJAB

(LAHORE, PAKISTAN)
(Lahore, Pakistan)

Bachelor of Arts
2005

GOVT. DEGREE COLLEGE BOYS

(KHARIAN, PAKISTAN)

Intermediate with General Science

INTERNSHIP
2008

CORVIT SYSTEM
3 Months work as a lab administrator.

COMPUTER SKILLS
Networking on LAN & WAN
Installation of Microsoft ware windows

(95,98, 2000,xp , Vista, Windows 7)


Hardware and software installation
installation of Linux red hat 9.0
Microsoft Office (M.S Word , Excel, Access

basic level, M.S Front Page)


Surfing Internet

Certifications
1. Microsoft Office 2003
2. MCSE (Microsoft Certified System Engineer)
3. Cissco
CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate)
CCNP (Cisco Certified Network Professional)

( EDGE, Lahore)
(Corvit System, Lahore)
(Corvit System, Lahore)
(Corvit System, Lahore)

EXTRA CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES\ INTERESTS AND


HOBBIES

Watching and Playing Cricket


Playing Footbal
Playing Chess
Web Browsing

PERSONAL DETAILS
Name

KHURAM

Fathers Name

ZAFAR MAHMOOD

Date of Birth

10th Ocober 1985

ID Card No.

34203-9370263-3

Marital Status\ Gender

Single\ Male

Nationality

Pakistani

Religion

Isam

CAREER OBJECTIVE
A continues learner and an enthusiastic educator with a passionate
committed to Business organization and learning experiences. Skilled in the
design of challenging, enriching and innovative activities that a canter to the
vicarious interests and needs of employer. Seeking a position in a growth
oriented organization, where I can prove my professional skills and abilities.

EDUCATIONAIL QUALIFICATION
2011
2008

UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL PUNJAB


MBA (BANKING & FINANCE)
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ASIA

(LAHORE, PAKISTAN)
(Lahore, Pakistan)

Bachelor of Computer Sciences


2003

BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE & SECONDARY EDUCATION

(LAHORE, PAKISTAN)

Intermediate with Computer Science

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
2010

GOVT. I.T TEACHER & PROJECT COORDINATOR


Working as Government I.T Lecturer & Project Coordinator in GHS Easson.

COMPUTER SKILLS
Networking on LAN & WAN
Installation of Microsoft ware windows

(95,98, 2000,xp , Vista, Windows 7)


Hardware and software installation
installation of Linux red hat 9.0
Microsoft Office (M.S Word , Excel, Access

basic level, M.S Front Page)


Surfing Internet

EXTRA CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES\ INTERESTS AND


HOBBIES

Watching and Playing Cricket


Playing Chess
Horse Riding

PERSONAL DETAILS
Name

Malik Farhan Iftikhar

Fathers Name

Malik Iftikhar Ahmad

Date of Birth

09th March 1986

ID Card No.

35502-0100031-9

Marital Status\ Gender

Single\ Male

Nationality

Pakistani

Religion

Islam

CAREER OBJECTIVE
A continues learner and an enthusiastic educator with a passionate
committed to Business organization and learning experiences. Skilled in the
design of challenging, enriching and innovative activities that a canter to the
vicarious interests and needs of employer. Seeking a position in a growth
oriented organization, where I can prove my professional skills and abilities.

EDUCATIONAIL QUALIFICATION
2011

UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL PUNJAB


MBA (BANKING & FINANCE)

(LAHORE, PAKISTAN)

2008

UNIVERSITY OF PUNJAB

(Lahore, Pakistan)

Bachelor of Commerce
2006

BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE & SECONDARY EDUCATION

(LAHORE, PAKISTAN)

Intermediate with Commerce

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
2010

JUNIOR FINANCE MANAGER


Working as Junior Finance Manager in NIPA (National Institute of Public Administration).

COMPUTER SKILLS
Installation of Microsoft ware windows

(95,98, 2000,xp , Vista, Windows 7)

EXTRA CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES\ INTERESTS AND


HOBBIES

Watching Cricket
Web Browsing

PERSONAL DETAILS
Name

Nadeem Khaliq

Fathers Name

Khaliq Dat

Date of Birth

05th November 1985

ID Card No.

35202-7531467-9

Marital Status\ Gender

Single\ Male

Nationality

Pakistani

Religion

Islam

CAREER OBJECTIVE
A continues learner and an enthusiastic educator with a passionate
committed to Business organization and learning experiences. Skilled in the
design of challenging, enriching and innovative activities that a canter to the
vicarious interests and needs of employer. Seeking a position in a growth
oriented organization, where I can prove my professional skills and abilities.

EDUCATIONAIL QUALIFICATION
2008

UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL PUNJAB


MBA (BANKING & FINANCE)
UNIVERSITY OF PUNJAB

2006

(LAHORE, PAKISTAN)
(Lahore, Pakistan)

Bachelor of Commerce
2001

BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE & SECONDARY EDUCATION

(LAHORE, PAKISTAN)

Intermediate in Computer Sciences

Professional Experience
2010

CREDIT CARD SALES MANAGER


At Bank Al Falah as a credit Card Sales Manager.

COMPUTER SKILLS
Installation of Microsoft ware windows

(95,98, 2000,xp , Vista, Windows 7)

EXTRA CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES\ INTERESTS AND


HOBBIES

Watching Cricket
Web Browsing

PERSONAL DETAILS
Name

Umar Ali Shah

Fathers Name

Syed Abdul Samad Shah

Date of Birth

26th August 1983

ID Card No.

35402-7754321-9

Marital Status\ Gender

Single\ Male

Nationality

Pakistani

Religion

Islam

Complete Solution for Infant


Exclusive Gift Packs
Providing all baby items collectively at one spot

24 / 7 Web Service

Delivery at your Door Step


[G-4, Mehmood Plaza, Model Town Link Road, Lahore]
[042-3570-9990]

RSVP: [Khurum, 0423-570990]

MAMTA

Providing All Baby Items at One Spot


Offer you wide range of products.
DATE OF
27/12/11

SALE:

G - 4. Mehmood Plaza,
Model Town Link
Road, Lahore

Exclusive Gift Packs


Delivery at door steps
24 / 7 service

Your Trust is our Pride.


G-4, Mehmood Plaza,
Model Town Link Road,
Lahore
Ph: 0423.570.9990
www.mamta.com

Malik
Farhan
Iftikhar
Umar
Nadeem
AliAhmad
Shah
Khurum
CHIEF
FINANCIAL OFFICER
MANAGING
MARKETING
HUMAN
G-4, Mehmood
DIRECTOR
MANAGER
RESOURCE
Plaza
Model Town Link Road, Lahore
MANAGER
Phone:
0334.410.7717
G-4,
G-4, Mehmood
Mehmood
Plaza
Plaza,
Model
Town
Link Road
Road, Lahore
Nadeem_khali
q100@yahoo.com
G-4,
Mehmood
Plaza
Phone: 0321.420.5212
Lahore
Model0345.570.9990
Town Link Road, Lahore
Phone:
Umar.ali.shah@gmail.com
Phone: 0321.502.6334
Khurum10@gmail.com

Mali k.farhan27@gmail.com

University of Central
Punjab
Faculty of Management Studies
MBA-Banking and Finance

Research Project

This is a sample questioner about Baby Items. It is ensure that all the information given in this
questioner will be kept hidden. It is also ensure that provided information will be used as a
reference only. It is also ensure that assumed names and reference will be used instead of real
names and information. We must be liable for the privacy of information provided by you. We
will also liable for misconduct against your information.

(Section 1)
Respondents Name:Sex:Age:Marital Status:-

(Section 2)
1. What is Your Source of Income?
a) Job

d) Self Employment

b) Business

e) Govt. Employment

c) Agriculture
2. What is Your Monthly Income?
a) Less than 10 Thousand

c) 11-20 Thousand

b) 21-30 Thousand
d) More than 30 Thousand
3. How many Children do you have in your Family?
a) 0-1
c) 2-3
b) 4-5

d) More Than 5

4. What is the age group of your infant?


a) 0-6 Months

b) 6 Months 1 Year

(Section 3)
5. Do you like readymade items for your infant ?
a) Yes
b) No

6. Do you use readymade items for your infant?

a) Yes

b) No

7. What is the name of items you used for your infant?


a. ________________
e. ___________
b. ________________

f. ___________

c. ________________

g. ___________

d. ________________
h. ___________
8. Do you have knowledge about any baby brand?
a) Yes
b) No

9. If yes then mention please


a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
10. Are you brand conscious?
a) Yes

b) No

(Section 4)
11. What is your opinion about readymade items?
a) Normal
d) Better
b) Good

e) Bad worse

c) Best
f) No opinion
12. Do you prefer readymade items rather than home made?
a) Yes
b) No
13. Do you have any problem in selection between brands?
a) Yes
b) No
14. If yes what kind of brand you look for?
a) Local
b) Imported
15. Would you prefer that budget of items should be according to your income?

a) Yes

b) No

16. What kind of quality are you searching in brands?


a) Normal

c) Superior

b) High
17. How often do you use baby items in a month?
a) 2 Times
c) 5 Times
b) 10 Times

d) Regularly

18. Do you find trouble in finding these items at one spot?


a) Yes
b) No
19. Do you prefer home delivery rather than market searching?
a) Yes
b) No

(Section 5)
20. If a company offer a complete set of necessary item for infant in a gift
packing, would you prefer to buy it?
a) Yes
b) No
21. If Yes what type of items would you willing to pay for this gift pack?
a) Quality
b) Quantity
22. How much income are you willing to pay for gift this gift pack?
a) Less than 3 Thousand
c) 4-5 Thousand
b) 5-7 Thousand
d) More than 7 Thousand
23. What is your preference about level of gift pack?
a) Fix List
b) Customizable
24. Would you like to buy items online without market searching?
a) Yes
b) No
25. Would you like quality or quantity in amount of money?
a) Quality
b) Quantity

Sex

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

52

39.7

39.7

39.7

79

60.3

60.3

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Male (39.7%)
2. Female (60.3%)

Analysis:
According to the Survey 60.3% Females participate in the sample questionnaire whereas 39.7%
are Males in sample population.

Age

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

3.1

3.1

3.1

55

42.0

42.0

45.0

63

48.1

48.1

93.1

6.9

6.9

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. 20-25 Years (3.1%)


2. 25-35 Years (42.0%)
3. 35-45 Years (48.1%)
4. More Than 45 Years (6.9%)

Analysis:
According to the survey majority of population fall in 25 45 years (44%) on average. Whereas
remaining population fall 45 years (6.9%) and 20-25 years (3.1%) respectively.

Marital Status
Frequency
Valid

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

4.6

4.6

4.6

125

95.4

95.4

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Single (4.6%)
2. Married (95.4%)

Analysis:
According to the survey 95.4% are married whereas 4.6% are singles in sample population.

Source of Income

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

50

38.2

38.2

38.2

23

17.6

17.6

55.7

11

8.4

8.4

64.1

15

11.5

11.5

75.6

32

24.4

24.4

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Job (38.2%)
2. Business (17.6%)
3. Agriculture (8.4%)
4. Self Employment (11.5%)
5. Govt. Job (24.4%)

Analysis:
According to survey majority sample population is Private Job holder (38.2%). Whereas,
remaining population consist of (24.4%) Government Jobs, (17.6%) Business peoples, (11.5%)
Self Employment and (8.4%) are in Agriculture field.

Monthly Income
Frequency
Valid

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

21

16.0

16.0

16.0

53

40.5

40.5

56.5

34

26.0

26.0

82.4

23

17.6

17.6

100.0

131

100.0

100.0

Total

1. Less Than 10 Thousand (16%)

2. 21-30 Thousand (40.5%)


3. 11-20 Thousand (26%)
4. More Than 30 Thousand (17%)

Analysis:
According to survey majority of population (40.5%) has 21-30 Thousand monthly income.
Whereas 26% has 11-20 thousand, 17% has more than 30 Thousand and 16% has up to 10
Thousand monthly earnings.

Children in Family
Frequency
Valid

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

51

38.9

38.9

38.9

23

17.6

17.6

56.5

45

34.4

34.4

90.8

12

9.2

9.2

100.0

131

100.0

100.0

Total

1. 0-1 Child (38.9%)


2. 4-5 Childs (17.6%)
3. 2-3 Childs (34.4%)
4. More Than 5 Childs (9.2%)

Analysis:
According to the survey majority of population have between 1-3 children on average (35.2%) in
a family. Whereas 17.6% sample population has 4-5 children and 9.2% sample population has
more than 5 children in family.

Infant Age Group

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

41

31.3

31.3

31.3

49

37.4

37.4

68.7

41

31.3

31.3

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. 0-6 Months (31.3%)


2. More Than 1 Year (37.4%)
3. 6 Months-1 Year (31.3%)

Analysis:
According to survey 37.4% of population has more than1 year age group children in family.
Whereas remaining 31.3% population has less than 1 year children in family.

Like Readymade

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

126

96.2

96.2

96.2

3.8

3.8

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Yes (96.2%)
2. No (3.8%)

Analysis:
According to survey 96.2% Sample population likes readymade items. Whereas 3.8% sample
population do not like readymade baby items.

Use Readymade

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

124

94.7

94.7

94.7

5.3

5.3

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Yes (94.7%)
2. No (5.3%)

Analysis:
According to the survey 94.7% sample population is using readymade items. Whereas remaining
5.3% sample population is not using readymade items.

Mostly Used Items

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

93

71.0

71.0

71.0

38

29.0

29.0

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Cloths (71.0%)
2. Shoes & Toys (29.0%)

Analysis:

According to survey 71% sample population buy clothes for their children. Whereas remaining
29% sample population buy shoes & Toys for their children.

Knowledge About Baby Brands

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

69

52.7

52.7

52.7

62

47.3

47.3

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Yes (52.7%)
2. No (47.3%)

Analysis:

According to the survey 52.7% sample population has knowledge about baby brands. Whereas,
47.3% does not has any knowledge about baby brands.

Most Used Brand

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

53

40.5

40.5

40.5

77

58.8

58.8

99.2

.8

.8

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Baby and Baba (40.5%)


2. Mother Care (58.8%)
3. Ali Baba (0.8%)

Analysis:
According to survey 58.8% sample population like to buy from Mother Care. Whereas remaining
40.5% sample population uses to buy from Baby & Baba and 0.8% from Ali Baba.

Brand Conscious
Frequency
Valid

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

105

80.2

80.2

80.2

26

19.8

19.8

100.0

131

100.0

100.0

Total

1. Yes (80.2%)
2. No (19.8%)

Analysis:

According to the survey 80.2% sample population is conscious about baby brands. Whereas
19.8% sample population is not conscious about baby brands.

Opinion About Readymade

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

14

10.7

10.7

10.7

33

25.2

25.2

35.9

17

13.0

13.0

48.9

55

42.0

42.0

90.8

6.1

6.1

96.9

3.1

3.1

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

Analysis:

1. Normal (10.7%)
2. Good (25.2%)

According to the survey 42% sample population rate

3. Best (13%)

readymade as better quality products. Whereas 25.2%

4. Better (42%)

rate readymade as good quality, 13% sample

5. Bad Worse (6.1%)

population rate as Best quality, 10.7% rate

6. No Opinion (3.1%)

Readymade as normal quality, 6.1% rate Readymade


as bad worse quality and 3.1% has no opinion about this.

Prefer Readymade
Frequency
Valid

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

121

92.4

92.4

92.4

10

7.6

7.6

100.0

131

100.0

100.0

Total

1. Yes (92.4%)
2. No (7.6%)

Analysis:

According to the survey 92.4% sample population prefer Readymade Items for infants. Whereas
7.6% sample population do not prefer Readymade Items for their infants.

Problem in Selection

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

100

76.3

76.3

76.3

31

23.7

23.7

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Yes (76.3%)
2. No (23.7%)

Analysis:
According to the survey 76.3% sample population has to face problem in selection between
brands. Whereas 23.7% sample population has to face no problem in brand selection.

Brand Look For

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

25

19.1

19.1

19.1

106

80.9

80.9

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Local (19.1%)
2. Imported (80.9%)

Analysis:

According to the survey 80.9% sample population is like to buy imported quality brands.
Whereas remaining sample population is like to buy local brands.

Budget as per Income


Frequency
Valid

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

113

86.3

86.3

86.3

18

13.7

13.7

100.0

131

100.0

100.0

Total

1. Yes (86.3%)
2. No (13.7%)

Analysis:
According to the survey report 86.3% sample population like that budget of items should be
according to their income. Whereas 13.7% sample population does not like that budget should be
as per their income.

Quality Searching

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

24

18.3

18.3

18.3

41

31.3

31.3

49.6

62

47.3

47.3

96.9

3.1

3.1

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Normal (18.3%)
2. High (31.3%)
3. Superior (47.3%)
4. Average (3.1%)

Analysis:
According to the survey 47.3% sample population is searching superior quality in baby items.
Whereas 31.3% is searching high quality, 18.3% is searching normal quality and 3.1% is
searching average quality in baby items.

Use Baby Items In Month

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

28

21.4

21.4

21.4

22

16.8

16.8

38.2

33

25.2

25.2

63.4

48

36.6

36.6

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. 2 Times (21.4%)
2. 10 Times (16.8%)
3. 5 Times (25.2%)
4. Regular (36.6%)

Analysis:
According to the survey 36.6% sample population regularly use the infant items. Whereas 25.2%
sample population use infant items 5 times in a month, 21.4% sample population use infant items
2 times in a month and 16.8% sample population use infant items 10 times in a month.

Trouble in Finding at a Spot

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

116

88.5

88.5

88.5

15

11.5

11.5

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Yes (88.5%)
2. No (11.5%)
Analysis:

According to the survey 88.5% sample population has to face trouble in finding infant items at a
spot. Whereas 11.5% sample population does no face any trouble in finding infant items at a
spot.

Prefer Home Delivery

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

119

90.8

90.8

90.8

12

9.2

9.2

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Yes (90.8%)
2. No (9.2%)

Analysis:
According to the survey 90.8% sample population prefer home delivery of infant items. Whereas
9.2% sample population does not prefer home delivery.

Offer by Company Will Buy

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

118

90.1

90.1

90.1

13

9.9

9.9

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Yes (90.1%)
2. No (9.9%)

Analysis:

According to the survey 90.1% sample population will accept the offer by company to buy infant
items in a gift pack. Whereas 9.9% sample population will not accept the offer by the company
to buy infant items in a gift pack.

What Type of Items Buy


Frequency
Valid

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

71

54.2

54.2

54.2

60

45.8

45.8

100.0

131

100.0

100.0

Total

1. Quality (53.4%)
2. Quantity (45.8%)

Analysis:
According to the survey 53.4% sample population is like to buy quality of items for infants.
Whereas 45.8% sample population like to buy quantity of items for infants.

How Much Pay for Gift Pack

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

17

13.0

13.0

13.0

52

39.7

39.7

52.7

41

31.3

31.3

84.0

21

16.0

16.0

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Less Than 3 Thousand (13%)


2. 5-7 Thousand (39.7%)
3. 4-5 Thousand (31.3%)
4. More Than 7 Thousand (16%)

Analysis:
According to the survey 39.3% sample population like to pay 5-7 Thousand for the gift pack
offered by company. Whereas 31.3% is willing to pay 4-5 Thousand, 16% is willing to pay more
than 7 thousand and 13% is willing to pay less than 3 Thousand for gift pack offered by the
company.

Fix List or Customizable


Frequency
Valid

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

28

21.4

21.4

21.4

103

78.6

78.6

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Fix List (21.4%)


2. Customizable (78.6%)

Analysis:
According to the survey 78.6% sample population like to buy Customizable gift pack by
company. Whereas 21.4% sample population like to buy Fix List items for their infants.

Buy Online

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

109

83.2

83.2

83.2

22

16.8

16.8

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Yes (83.2%)
2. No (16.8%)

Analysis:
According to the survey report 83.2% sample population is willing to buy through companys
website. Whereas 16.8% sample population does not like to buy through website.

Quality or Quantity in Money

Valid

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

97

74.0

74.0

74.0

34

26.0

26.0

100.0

Total

131

100.0

100.0

1. Quality (74%)

Analysis:

2. Quantity (26%)

According to the survey 74% sample population like to buy quality of infant items in amount of
money spend by them. Whereas 26% sample population like to buy quantity of items in amount
of money spend by them.

You might also like