Adjective Clause

Relative Pronouns
Antecendent
Person
Non-person

Subject
Who
Which

Object
Whom
which

Possessive
Whos
The+noun+of+
which

Prep+object
Prep+whom
Prep+which

Types of Adjective Clause

type
Restrictive
Nonrestrictive

How important
Important as it defines
the antecendent
Unimportant, as
additional information
about the antecendent

punctuation
No
comma(s)
Comma is
used

Relative pronoun
Can be replaced
by that
Cannot be
replaced by that

1. The student is a representative of the STAN outstanding student of the

year. He is wearing a dark-blue jacket.
The student who/that is wearing a dark-blue jacket is a
representative of the STAN outstanding student of the year.
2. The lecture has been cancelled. It should have been held in R. C.207.
The lecture which/that should have been held in R.207 has been
cancelled.
3. The employee in a STAN graduate. The Director has chosen him to
attend a conference in the US.
The employee whom the Director has chosen to attend a
conference in the US is a STAN graduate.

4. We all have to buy the expensive book. The lecturer

recommended it.
We all have to buy the expensive book which the lecturer
recommended.
5. We were introduced to Mr. Brown. His article on the analysis

of ASEAN Economic Development is worldly known.

We were introduced to Mr brown whose article on the analysis
of ASEAN Economic Development is worldly known.
6. Faculties should immediately upgrade themselves. Their facilities
cannot accommodate students activities.
Faculties the facilities of which cannot accommodate the
studdents activities should immediately upgrade themselves.
7. Bank Arta will be liquidated. My family relies on it for the operation of
our business.
Bank Arta, on which my family relies for the operation of our
business, will be liquidated.
8. This is the person. The Director has sent you to him for a good
academic advice.
This is the person to whom the Director has sent you for a good
academic advice.

9. Our new sales campaign will be launched next week. We are relying on
it to acquire a large share of the market.
Our new sales campaign, on which we are relying to acquire a
large share of the market, will be launched next week.
10.
The company deals with the export of raw materials. He has
been working for this company since he left school.
The company for which He has been working since he left school
deals with the export of raw materials.
11.
Many of the workers have been relieved from their jobs. The
manager considered them lacking in capability.
Many of the workers whom The manager considered lacking in
capability have been relieved from their jobs.
12.
The country has for the past few years made a significant
increase in its foreign reserves. Its national income depends greatly on
tourism.
The country the national income of which depends greatly on
tourism has for the past few years made a significant increase in its
foreign reserves.
13.
The developing countries should make a careful planning in
setting up their development programs. The world bank has extended
a large amount of long-term loans to some of these countries.
The developing countries to some of which The world bank has
extended a large amount of long-term loans these countries hould
make a careful planning in setting up their development programs.
14.
The inadequate allocation of funds caused the world bank loans
for development not to achieve the desired target. This has been
repeatedly argued in the parliament.

15.
The most popular manager has been promoted to one of the
direcors of the bank. Everybody praised him for being a very capable
and sociable manager.
The most popular manager whom Everybody praised for being a
very capable and sociable manager has been promoted to one of
the direcors of the bank.
16.
Cooperatives are making great efforts to diversify the sources of
their capital. They expect to be able to expand their activities with it.

NOUN CLAUSE
1. This is obvious.
Indonesia cannot improve its economy through agricultural
development only.
2. The Trade Minister insists on this.
Indonesia should make room for foreign capital and expertise in oil
and natural gas.
3. This is vital.
Do not cause damage to the environment for the sake of commercial
gains.
4. Businessmen were wondering about this.
Will the government take other drastic steps to stabilize the economy?
5. He told us this.
Excess production of a commodity will lead to a glut on the market.
6. I would like to know this.
Has the committee made up the budget for the new project?
7. The manager requested this.
The present supervisor should be replaced because his performance is
unsatisfactory.
8. The tourists wanted to know this.
Where is the nearest shopping centre and where can I get good batik?