TITTLE

: Shake Map of 5.4 RS Earthquake on 22 June 2013 at northwest of Lombok,

Nusa Tenggara Barat Province, Indonesia
information about the earthquake that occurred in West Java on 22 June 2013

Indonesia is one of the country's most experienced many disasters, one problem earthquakes.
Because indenesia is subducted slabs areas of the world that are still active to this day. Indonesia
is located at the convergence point between several giant plates (Eurasia, Australia and the IndoWest Pacific. So it affects in the amount of earthquake occurring in Indonesia. Therefore the
very high seismicactivities along the Indonesian island arc becomes verycrucial to be considered
in determining the location of epicenter. For that, BMKG announced the latest earthquake with
all of its necessary information (Geographic coordinate, Intensity, Magnitude, Location, Depth,
and Origin time)
The concept of the mechanism of earthquakes has been formulated in "Elastic Rebound Theory".
This theory basically states that earthquakes are caused by the release of elastic strain energy.
Elastic energy that is released will be shaped heat or vibrations of seismic waves, which spread
in the earth and felt as an earthquake.Earthquake waves(seismic waves) are elastic waves due to
broken ground suddenly or the existence of aneruption. This wave will spread to all parts of the
earth and through the earth's surface. There are 2main types of seismic waves, namely: Body
wave and Surface Wave.

Plate tectonics cause many of the physical features that we see on earth today like volcanoes and
earthquakes, but also other geologic features like faults. A geologic fault is a fracture in the
earths crust causing loss of cohesion and accompanied by displacement along the fracture. At
the Earths surface, rock will break (brittle behavior) when put under large amounts of stress.
Deep within the earth, however, rocks flow plastically (ductile behavior). The force, or stress,
exerted on the rock may cause a change in shape or volume of the rock, called strain. Because
rocks can flow when they are deep within the earth, they are considered ductile.
They pass the point of ductile behavior closer to the earths surface, where the rocks behave
more brittle. When rocks pass from this ductile state to a brittle state, the rocks may break along
a surface called a fault. The sudden release of stored strain energy causes an earthquake.
Movement between tectonic plates can be divided in to three types, namely:
1. Divergent or Constructive motion, that is the movement of two or more tectonic plates
are moving a way from each other
2. Convergent motion, the movement of tectonic plates are moving to ward each
other(collision).
3. Transformor Conservative movement, the movement of the platesare moving laterally to
each other or rub against each other.

The fault of the rock before are caused by 4 event, those are:
1. Collapse earthquakeisan earthquakebecause of therock fallactivityinthe
miningareasorlandslideareas.
2. Volcanicearthquakesdue tomovement ofmagmavolcanic activity.
3. Artificialearthquakeisan earthquakedue tohumanactivityonthe earth's
crustwhichcausesstrongvibrations.
4. Tectonic earthquakeisderivedfromshiftingof rocklayersalongfaultsintheEarth'sfield.
Tectonic earthquakesarea significanthappeninginthe earthas a whole.
Strength of earthquakes or earthquakes Magnitudeis a measure of power, describing the amount
of energy released during an earthquake occurs and the result of Seismograph observations.
Based on shake map before, the magnitude at Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat Province, Indonesia
is 5.4 RS. It is implied that the earthquake is strong. however, this earthquake is not potential for
tsunami.
Epicenter is the point on the Earths surface directly above the focus of an
earthquake or the latitude and longitude of the point on the Earth's surface which is
perpendicular reflection of earthquakes focus. Epicenter location was made in the geographic
coordinate system and expressed in degrees of latitude and longitude. Based on the shake map
before, the epicenter of earthquake is marked by red star. And it is located at 8.43 SL 116.04 EL.
So when earthquake occurs BMKG announces the Earthquake Shake Map that contains the
Geographic coordinate of epicenter, Magnitude, the nearby city, Depth, and Origin time. And for
Shake Map before the epicenter is located at 8.43 SL 116.04 EL, the magnitude is 5.4 RS, the
nearby city is Sumbawa, the depth is 10 km and occur at 12:42:36 WIB. So we can conclude that
this earthquake is not potentially to create Tsunami Waves cause the magnitude is less than 6 SR.
But 5.4 SR Earthquake is classified as strong earthquake, so we must take care when this
earthquake occurs and go out from building. And for preparation we can build a house that
resists of earthquake.