COURSE OF STUDY

2015-2016

Aerospace Engineering Department

M. Tech.

IIT Bombay

COURSE CURRICULUM
The M. Tech. programme in Aerospace Engineering has the following three specializations:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Aerodynamics (AE 1)
Dynamics and Control (AE 2)
Aerospace Propulsion (AE 3)
Aerospace Structures (AE 4)
The course curriculum for the first two semesters of M. Tech programme is specific to each
specialization, the details of which are given in the following pages. The third and fourth
semesters are common to all specializations.
For each of the specializations, choose the electives as indicated below:

Choose at least THREE electives from the courses shown under the list of elective
courses for the respective specializations.
Choose not more than ONE elective from the courses outside the list of
respective specializations but listed under any other specialization of the Aerospace
Department (Note: List of additional electives is also applicable here).
Choose ONE elective from within the department courses or from any other course within
the Institute in consultation with the Faculty Adviser. (Note: None of the electives should
be repeated).

2 - year M. Tech Programme

Department of Aerospace Engineering
Specializations: Aerodynamics, Dynamics
Propulsion, Aerospace Structures

and

Control,

Aerospace

CREDIT STRUCTURE
No. of Courses
Total
Credits
Sem. II
Sem. III
Sem. IV
Core Courses
1

24
Electives
3

30
Institute Elective
1

6
Laboratory Course

4
Seminar
1

4
R & D Project

Communication

+2+4
Training (P/NP)

Course Total
6

(68+6) 74
I Stage@
II Stage
Project

90
(48 credits) (42 credits)
Total Credits
34 (+6)
34
48
42
158 (+6)
@
Students must register for I Stage of M. Tech. project in second semester (January)
Sem. I
3
2

+2

6+2

Specialization: Aerodynamics (AE 1)

Course No.
AE 705
AE 707
AE 724
AE 616
AE 611

First Semester
Course Name
Introduction to Flight
Aerodynamics of Aerospace Vehicles
Experimental Methods in Fluid Mechanics
Gas Dynamics
Aerodynamics Laboratory

L
2
2
3
3
0

T
1
1
0
0
0

P
0
0
0
0
4

HS 791

Communication Skills

AE 792

Communication Skills

Elective I
Total 5 Courses, 2 communication skills, 1 Laboratory

0 0
30+6+4

C
6
6
6
6
4
2
*
4
*
6

*PP/NP course
Course No.
AE 694

Second Semester$
Course Name

L T P
Seminar
0 0 0
Institute Elective
3 0 0
Elective II
3 0 0
Elective III
3 0 0
Elective IV
3 0 0
Elective V
3 0 0
Total 5 Courses, 1 seminar
30+4
$
Students must register for I Stage of M. Tech. project in second semester (January)

C
4
6
6
6
6
6

List of Aerodynamics specialization electives (Check ASC website for current electives)
AE 617
AE 622
AE 624
AE 625
AE 639
AE 647
AE 651
AE 664
AE 678
AE 702
AE 706
AE 710
AE 714
AE 717
AE 719
AE 722
AE 725
AE 736
AE 771
AE 774
AE 775
AE 782
ME 613
ME 619
ME 651
ME 653
ME 655
ME 660
ME 664
ME 701
ME 704
CE 620
CE 680
CE 682

Numerical Methods for Conservation Laws

Computing of High Speed Flows
Hypersonic Flow Theory
Particle Methods for Fluid Flow Simulation
Continuum Mechanics
Introduction to Plasmas for Engineering
Aerodynamic Design of Compressors and Turbines
Lighter Than Air Systems
Aero-elasticity
Advanced Flight Dynamics
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Aeroacoustics
Aircraft Design
Aircraft Flight Dynamics
Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics
Grid Generation for Computational Mechanics
Air Transportation
Advanced Aero-elasticity
Matrix Computations
Special Topics in Aerodynamics and CFD
System Modeling, Dynamics and Control
Flow Control
Finite Element and Boundary Element Methods (not available with CE 620)
Experimental Methods in Thermal and Fluids Engineering
Fluid Dynamics
Boundary Layer Theory
Theory and Design of Fluid Machinery
Numerical Methods in Fluid Flow Problems
Advanced FEM and BEM
Optimization Methods in Engineering Design (not available with AE 755)
Computational Methods in Thermal and Fluid Engineering
Finite Element Methods (not available with ME 613)
Mechanics of Water Waves
FEM Applications to Flow Problems

Specialization: Dynamics and Control (AE 2)

Course No.
AE 705
AE 695
AE 775
AE 699

First Semester
Course Name
Introduction to Flight
State Space Methods for Flight Vehicles
System Modelling, Dynamics and Control
Control Systems Laboratory

L
2
3
3
0

T
1
0
0
0

P
0
0
0
4

HS 791

Communication Skills

AE 792

Communication Skills

Elective I
Elective II
Total 5 Courses, 2 communication skills, 1 Laboratory

3
3

0 0
0 0
30+6+4

C
6
6
6
4
2
*
4
*
6
6

*PP/NP course
Second Semester$
Course No.
Course Name
L T P
AE 717
Aircraft Flight Dynamics
3 0 0
AE 694
Seminar
0 0 0
Institute Elective
3 0 0
Elective III
3 0 0
Elective IV
3 0 0
Elective V
3 0 0
Total 5 Courses, 1 seminar
30+4
$
Students must register for I Stage of M. Tech. project in second semester (January)

C
6
4
6
6
6
6

List of Dynamics and Control specialization electives (Check ASC website for current
electives)
AE 641
AE 678
AE 690
AE 702
AE 712
AE 713
AE 715
AE 755
AE 773
CL 653 /
EE 638
CL 692
EE 622
ME 670
ME 637
NR 603
NR 623
SC 620
SC 621
SC 623
SC 627

Introduction to Navigation and Guidance

Aeroelasticity
Control System Design Techniques
Advanced Flight Dynamics
Flight Dynamics and Control
Spaceflight Dynamics
Structural Dynamics
Optimization in Engineering Design
Applied Mechatronics
State Estimation Theory & Applications /
Estimation and Identification
Digital Control
Optimal Control Systems
Nonlinear Systems Analysis and Control
Manufacturing Automation (in Lieu of AE 773)
Remote Sensing
GPS: Principles and Applications
Automation and Feedback Control
Quantitative Feedback Theory I
Optimal and Robust Control (in Lieu of AE 690)
Motion Planning & Coordination Among Autonomous Vehicles (in Lieu of
AE 773

Specialization: Aerospace Propulsion (AE 3)

Course No.
AE 705
AE 707
AE 711
AE 607

First Semester
Course Name
Introduction to Flight
Aerodynamics of Aerospace Vehicles
Aircraft Propulsion
Aerospace Propulsion Laboratory

L
2
2
2
0

T
1
1
1
0

P
0
0
0
4

HS 791

Communication Skills

AE 792

Communication Skills

Elective I
Elective II
Total 5 Courses, 2 communication skills, 1 Laboratory

3
3

0 0
0 0
30+6+4

C
6
6
6
4
2
*
4
*
6
6

*PP/NP course
Second Semester$
Course No.
Course Name
L T P
AE 708
Aerospace Propulsion
2 1 0
AE 694
Seminar
0 0 0
Institute Elective
3 0 0
Elective III
3 0 0
Elective IV
3 0 0
Elective V
3 0 0
Total 5 Courses, 1 seminar
30+4
$
Students must register for I Stage of M. Tech. project in second semester (January)

C
6
4
6
6
6
6

List of Aerospace Propulsion specialization electives (Check ASC website for current
electives)
AE 616
AE 617
AE 622
AE 623
AE 624
AE 639
AE 643
AE 647
AE 651
AE 656
AE 658
AE 678
AE 706
AE 710
AE 719
AE 724
AE 726
AE 755
AE 780
AE 782
ME 613
ME 653
ME 660
ME 701
ME 704

Gas Dynamics
Numerical Methods for Conservation Laws
Computation of High Speed Flows
Computing of Turbulent Flows
Hypersonic Flow Theory
Continuum Mechanics
Durability and Reliability Analysis in Design
Introduction to Plasmas for Engineering
Aerodynamic Design of Compressors and Turbines
Aviation Fuels and their Combustion
Design of Power Plants for Aircraft
Aeroelasticity
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Aeroacoustics
Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics
Experimental Methods in Fluid Mechanics
Heat Transfer - Aerospace Applications
Optimization for Engineering Design (not available with ME 701)
Computational Heat Transfer
Flow Control
Finite Element and Boundary Element Methods (not available with CE 620)
Boundary Layer Theory
Numerical Methods in Fluid Flow Problems
Optimization Methods in Engineering Design (not available with AE 755)
Computational Methods in Thermal and Fluid Engineering

Specialization: Aerospace Structures (AE 4)

Course No.
AE 705
AE 709
AE 715

First Semester
Course Name
Introduction to Flight
Aerospace Structures
Structural Dynamics

L
2
2
2

T
1
1
1

P
0
0
0

HS 791

Communication Skills

AE 792

Communication Skills

Elective I
Elective II
Total 5 Courses, 2 communication skills

3
3

0 0
0 0
30+6

C
6
6
6
2
*
4
*
6
6

*PP/NP course
Course No.
AE 678
AE 727
AE 694

Second Semester$
Course Name

L T P
Aeroelasticity
2 1 0
Aircraft Structural Mechanics Laboratory
0 0 4
Seminar
0 0 0
Institute Elective
3 0 0
Elective III
3 0 0
Elective IV
3 0 0
Elective V
3 0 0
Total 5 Courses, 1 seminar, 1 Laboratory
30+4+4
$
Students must register for I Stage of M. Tech. project in second semester (January)

10

C
6
4
4
6
6
6
6

List of Aerospace Structures specialization electives (Check ASC website for current
electives)
AE 604
AE 639
AE 673
AE 676
AE 728
AE 730
AE 732
AE 736
AE 755
AE 771
AE 775
CE 615
CE 619
CE 620
ME 602
ME 613
ME 616

Advanced Topics in Aerospace Structures

Continuum Mechanics
Fiber Reinforced Composites
Elastic Analysis of Plates and Laminates
Aircraft Production Technology
Experimental Methods in Structural Dynamics
Composite Structures Analysis and Design
Advanced Aeroelasticity
Optimization in Engineering Design
Matrix Computations
System Modeling, Dynamics and control
Structural Optimization
Structural Stability
Finite Element Methods (not available with ME 613)
Fatigue, Fracture, and Failure Analysis
Finite Element and Boundary Element Methods (not available with CE
620)
Fracture Mechanics

11

Second Year (Common to all specializations)

Third Semester
Course Name

Course No.
Credits
#
AE 797
I Stage Project
48
#
Students must register for I Stage of M. Tech. project in second semester (January)

Course No.
AE 798

Fourth Semester
Course Name
II Stage Project
Total Credits for Project

Credits
42
90

12

AEROSPACE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Course contents of the two-year M. Tech. Program
AE 604 Special Topics in Aerospace Structures

3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: Consent of the course coordinator

The course will cover some topics from the following list including some topics on recent
developments in Aerospace Structures.
Non-linear structural Mechanics, Fracture Mechanics, Structural stability, three-dimensional
composites, Energy Methods, Random vibrations, Special Topics in Aero-elasticity, Smart
Structures, Visco-elasticity, Plasticity, etc.
The actual coverage will depend on the background of the students and the faculty available
to cover the various areas.
AE 607 Aerospace Propulsion Laboratory

0-0-4-4

Experimental studies based on Aerospace Propulsion courses.

AE 611 Aerodynamics Laboratory

0-0-4-4

Experimental studies based on Aerodynamics courses.

AE 616 Gas Dynamics

3-0-0-6

Basic equation of motion. Small perturbation methods in subsonic and supersonic flows.
Similarity rules in high speed flows. Transonic flows. Normal and oblique shocks. Conical
flow. Flow in ducts of variable cross section. Method of characteristics and design of
supersonic nozzles. Viscous effects in compressible flow. Hypersonic flows.
Texts/References
1. H. W. Liepmann and A. Roshko, Elements of Gas Dynamics, John Wiley, 1958.
A. H. Shapiro, Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluid Flow, Vol. I and II,
Ronald Press Co., 1957
AE 617 Numerical Methods for Conservation Laws

3-0-0-6

Scalar conservation laws. Burger's equation. Weak solutions, shocks, entropy conditions,
linear hyperbolic systems, Linearization of nonlinear systems. Riemann problem, Hugoniot
laws, rarefaction waves, integral curves, contact discontinuities, solution of Riemann problem
for Euler equations. Numerical schemes for linear equations, CFL condition, upwind
methods, conservative methods, Lax-wendroff theorem, Godunov's method, approximate
Riemann solver, Roe's solver, High resolution methods TVD schemes, flux limiters,
multidimensional upwinding.
Texts/References
1. Leveque, R. J., Numerical Methods for Conservation Laws, Birkhauser Verlag, 1990.

13

2. Whitham, G., Linear and Nonlinear Waves, Wiley, 1974.

3. Hirsch, C., Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows, Vol. II, Wiley, 1988.
AE 622 Computing of High Speed Flows

3-0-0-6

Review of basics: Gas dynamics, hypersonic flows, turbulence modeling, computation fluid
dynamics.
CFD topics: grid refinement and convergence, explicit and implicit time-integration, grid
aspect ratio and stretching, flow initialization and development, boundary conditions.
Research topics: Re-entry capsule; bow shock, stagnation region, heat transfer, chemical
reactions; inlet and nozzle flows: laminar and turbulent boundary layer, turbulence models,
show-turbulent layer, flow reattachment; base flows: pressure drag, wake flow, transition to
turbulence; jet exhaust plumes: under and over-expanded jets; shock-shock interaction:
classification based on shock patterns.
Texts/References
1. C. Hirsch, Numerical computation of internal and external flows, John Wiley, 1990.
2. D. C. Wilcox, turbulence modeling for CFD, DCW Industries, 2000.
3. J. D. Anderson, Hypersonics and high temperature gas dynamics, McGraw Hill, 1989.
AE 623 Computing of Turbulent Flows

3-0-0-6

Basics fluid dynamic process: Convection, viscous diffusion, dissipation, heat conduction,
conservation equations, tensor form, constitutive relations; Turbulent flows: examples,
comparison with laminar flows mean properties and fluctuations, co-relations between
fluctuations; Direct numerical simulation: grid resolution for a range of length scales, DNS
result for turbulent statistics, DNS data used for model evaluation; Large eddy simulation:
filtered conservation equations, subgrid scale stresses, SGS models, computational
requirement; Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes simulation: temporal, spatial and ensemble
averaging, Reynolds averaged conservation equations, flow processes: convection viscous
diffusion, turbulent diffusion; Reynolds stress tensor: physical interpretation, closure
problem, eddy viscosity model, non-linear models, model calibration; Turbulent kinetic
energy: exact transport equation, modeled conservation equation, physical processes:
production, dissipation, molecular and turbulent diffusion; Turbulent boundary layer: viscous
sublayer, log layer and defect layer. Displacement and momentum thickness; Compressible
free shear layers: convective March number, growth rate, compressibility corrections; Shock
boundary layer interaction: turbulence amplification by shock, limitation of existing models
shock unsteadiness effects, comparison with DNS, Applications: scramjet inlets, rocket
nozzles, wing-body junctions.
Texts/References
1. White FM Viscous Fluid flow, 3rd edition, McGrave Hill, 2006
2. Pope S.B., Turbulent flows, Cambridge University Press, 2000
3. Tennekes H. and Lumley J.L, A first course in turbulence, the MIT Press Cambridge,
1973
4. Smith A.J. and Dussauge J.P., Turbulent shear layers in supersonic flow, 2 nd edition,
Springer, 2006

14

5. Gatski T.B. and Bonet J.P. Compressibility, turbulence and high speed flows, Elsevier,
2009
AE 624 Hypersonic Flow Theory

3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: AE 616
Characteristics of hypersonic flows, Basic hypersonic shock relation, Hypersonic similarity
parameter, Hypersonic expansion wave relations, Newtonian flow, Modified Newtonian law,
Centrifugal force corrections to Newtonian theory, Local surface inclination methods,
Hypersonic inviscid flow fields: Governing equations, Mach number independence principle,
Hypersonic small disturbance equations, Hypersonic similarity, Hypersonic equivalence
principle and blast wave theory, Thin shock layer theory, Hypersonic transition, Hypersonic
turbulent boundary layer, Hypersonic aerodynamic heating, Entropy layer effects in heating,
Hypersonic viscous interactions, Strong and weak interactions, Shock wave-boundary layer
interactions, Hypersonic experimental facilities.
Texts/References
1. J. D. Anderson, Hypersonic and High Temperature Gas Dynamics, McGraw-Hill, 1989.
2. J. J. Bertin, Hypersonic Aerothermodynamics, AIAA Education Series, 1994.
AE 625 Particle Methods for Fluid Flow Simulation

3-0-0-6

The course elaborates particle methods with an emphasis on fluid flow simulation. The
course broadly introduces the student to the vortex method, the method of Smoothed Particle
Hydrodynamics (SPH) and Direct Simulation Monte-Carlo (DSMC). The following topics
will be covered. A brief introduction to vortex dynamics and the basic laws of vorticity. An
introduction to inviscid vortex methods for 2D simulation with applications to a few sample
problems including the numerical simulation of vortex sheet rollup. Brief introduction to
panel methods and their applications in the context of vortex methods. An overview of
various viscous vortex methods and their application in simulating 2D, incompressible,
viscous fluid flow problems. Introduction to the Fast Multipole Method (FMM) and other fast
algorithms for particle simulation. 3D vortex methods: vortex filaments and vortex particles.
Introduction to the method of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). Applications of the
SPH. An introduction to the Direct Simulation Monte-Carlo method and its applications.
Texts/References
1. R. W. Hockney and J. W. Eastwood, Computer Simulation Using Particles, Taylor &
Francis; New Ed edition, 1988.
2. G.-H. Cottet and P. D. Koumoutsakos, Vortex methods: Theory and Practice, Cambridge
University Press, 2000.
3. G. R. Liu and M. B. Liu, Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: A Meshfree Particle method,
World scientific, 2003.
4. G. A. Bird, Molecular Gas Dynamics and the Direct Simulation of Gas Flows, Oxford
University Press, 1994.
AE 639 Continuum Mechanics

2-1-0-6

15

Continuum Mechanics: an introduction; Mathematical preliminaries: Vector space, Index

notations, Tensor algebra, tensor calculus; Kinematics: motion of a body; referential and
spatial descriptions, the deformation gradient, stretch strain and rotation, spin circulation and
vorticity, deformation of volume area, discussion on frames of reference; Basic thermomechanical principles: conservation of mass, surface tractions, body forces and stress tensor,
conservation of linear and angular momentum, conservation of energy, clausius duehm
inequality; Constitutive relations: principle of material objectivity,thermoelastic materials:
isotropic, transversely isotropic and orthotropic, Inviscid fluid, viscous fluids, typical
boundary value problems: bending of beams, torsion of a circular cylinder, fluid flow:
poiseuille flow and Couette flow.
Texts/References
1. Fung P.C. First course in continuum, mechanics, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1977
2. W. Michael Lai, David Rubin and Erhard Krempl, introduction to continuum mechanics,
Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1993
3. Morton E. Gurtin, introduction to continuum mechanics, Boston: Academic Press, 1981
4. A.J.M. Spencer, Ccontinuum mechanics, Courier Dover Publications, 2004.
AE 641 Introduction to Navigation and Guidance

3-0-0-6

Introduction: Fundamentals of Navigation, Historical Perspective and Stellar Navigation

Concept
Basic Navigation Strategies: Radio and Radar based Navigation Systems, Inertial Navigation
System (INS)
Modern Navigation Methods: Global Positioning System (GPS) based Navigational Aids,
INS-GPS based Navigation and Other Specialized Navigation Systems, Comparison of the
Various Navigational Aids, Case Studies on Navigation in Aircraft, Missiles, Launch Vehicles
and Spacecraft.
Concept of Guidance: Fundamentals of Guidance, Concepts of Intercept Geometry, Line of
Sight and Collision Triangle
Basic Guidance Strategies: Proportional Navigation & Guidance (PNG) and Determination of
Miss Distance, Augmented PNG and its comparison with PNG.
Advanced Guidance Methods: Command to LOS & Beam Rider Guidance, Pulsed and
Lambert`s Guidance
Special Topics: Tactical Vs. Strategic Considerations in Guidance, Impact of Noise on
Guidance, Target maneuver and Evasion, Case Studies on Guidance Methods in Aircraft,
Missiles, Launch Vehicles and Spacecraft.
Texts/References
1. Anderson, E.W., 'The Principles of Navigation', Hollis & Carter, London, 1966.
2. Kayton, M., 'Navigation: Land, Sea, Air, Space', IEEE Press, 1990.
3. Parkinson, B.E. & Spilker, J. J., 'Global Positioning System: Theory and Applications',
Vol.1, Progress In Aeronautics and Astronautics Series, Vol.163, AIAA Publication, 1996.
4. Zarchan, P., 'Tactical & Strategic Missile Guidance', Progress In Aeronautics and
Astronautics Series Series, 3rd Ed., Vol. 176, AIAA Publication, 1997.
5. Biezad, D.J., 'Integrated Navigation and Guidance Systems', AIAA Education Series,
AIAA Publication, 1999.
6. Farrell, J.L, 'Integrated Aircraft Navigation', Academic Press, 1976.

16

7. Misra, P. and Enge, P., 'Global Positioning System', 2nd Ed., Ganga-Jamuna Press, 2001.
AE 643 Durability and Reliability Analysis in Design

3-0-0-6

Fatigue and fracture considerations in design and lifing of components. Durability of

materials and components at elevated temperatures. Material characterization for fatigue,
fracture, creep-rupture and application of failure models in design. Wear aspect of mechanical
design. Reliability consideration in design of components and systems. Introduction to
probabilistic design methodology. Strength based and time dependent reliability evaluation.
Texts/References
1. Bannantine J.A., Comer J.J., Handrock J.L., Fundamentals of Metal Fatigue Analysis,
Prentice Hall Inc. 1990
2. Rao S.S. , Reliability Based Design, McGraw Hill Inc., 1992
3. A. Mubeen, Machine Design, Khanna Publishers, 1998
4.
AE 647 Introduction to plasmas for engineering
3-0-0-6
Introduction, Background, Plasma definition, parameters, Collisions, Quasi-neutrality,
Debye-shielding, Magnetization, Generation of plasmas
Review of Thermodynamics and Electrodynamics: Continuum, Phase space & Configuration
space, Kinetic& Fluid equations, Collisions, Transport Coefficients, Temperature, Specific
Heat, Entropy, Behaviour of gases at high temperatures, Ionization (collisions/external
fields), Maxwell Equations, Lorentz Force, Charged particle drifts under EM fields,
collisions, mean free path
Plasma Fluid Theory: Governing Equations, Partially ionized gases, Plasma sheath/Plasma
material boundary, Modelling for computations
Ideal MHD: Magnetic tension and pressure, Equilibrium, Flux freezing, Waves, Shocks,
Plasma thrusters
Non-ideal MHD: Resistivity, Ohm's Law, Internal & External flows: Duct/Channel flows and
Boundary layers, Plasma actuators for flow control
Space Plasmas: Stellar plasma, Solar wind and Earth's outer atmosphere, Solar weather and
spacecrafts
Texts/References
1. Piel, A., Plasma physics, Springer, 1st Edition, 2010
2. Sutton, G. W., and Sherman, A., Engineering Magnetohydrodynamics, Dover
Publications, 2006
3. Kivelson, M. G., and Russell, C. T. (Ed.),Introduction to Space Physics, Cambridge
University Press, 1997
AE 651 Aerodynamic Design of Compressors and Turbines

3-0-0-6

Axial Flow Compressor: Work done, Pressure-rise, Losses and efficiency, The blade shape,
stagger and solidity; Incidence and deviation angles; Transonic/Supersonic blades - shock
structures; Blade design on a meridional plane; Vortex Laws - radial distribution; Blade
element method of design of stage; Characteristic plots; Multistaging and Matching of stages.
Centrifugal Compressor: Flow pattern in Impellers; work done, losses and efficiency; Slip

17

factor and degree of reaction; Design choices for impeller vanes: Backward, Forward curved
and Radial; Vaned / Vaneless Diffuser, Axial Flow Turbine: Work extraction; Loading limits,
Stator and Rotor - subsonic and supersonic profiles; Reaction and radial variation; Blade
cooling techniques; Blade element method of design of stage; Radial Flow Turbine: Work
done in impeller; Loading - temperature limits; Losses and efficiency.
Texts/References
1. N. A. Cumpsty, Compressor Aerodynamics, 1989
2. J. H. Horlock, Axial Flow Turbine, 1968
3. Gas Turbine Engine Design: (with Video Cassette) - ASME/IGTI, 1989
AE 656 Aviation Fuels and their Combustion

3-0-0-6

Introduction, Various fuels, solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, Aviation fuels requirements and
specifications. Chemical thermo dynamics, Laws of thermodynamics applied to reacting
systems. Equilibrium composition, Adiabatic flame temperature.Chemical kinetics, Reaction
rates, Gas phase reactions, Surface reactions. Combustion : Premixed and diffusion flames,
Laminar and turbulent flames, Flame velocities, Flame propagation theories, Diffusion flame,
Droplet Combustion. Application to gas turbine combustor and rocket engine.
Text/References
1.
2.
3.
4.

K.K. Kuo, Principles of Combustion, Wiley International, 1986.

S.P. Sharma and C. Mohan, Fuels and Combustion, Tata McGraw Hill, 1984.
F.A. Williams, Combustion Theory, John Wiley, 1965
A.G. Gaydon and Wolthart, Flames, Chapman Hall, 1979

AE 658 Design of Powerplants for Aircraft

3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: AE 605
Preliminary cycle optimization. Design requirements and specifications. Matching of
powerplant components. Propellers : elements of propellers, representative blade element
theory, vortex theory, momentum theory, propeller characteristics, performance graphs,
propeller design criteria. Propo-fans. Intakes, Various intake configurations, intake design
criteria, intake flow analysis. Exhaust nozzles, various nozzle configurations, Convergent Divergent nozzles, Critical, supercritical and Subcritical operations, variable geometry
nozzle, vectored thrust nozzle, future propulsion systems for passenger aircraft and military
aircraft. Powerplant component testing, engine testing and performance evaluation.
Texts/References
1. D. O. Dommasch, S. S. Sherby and T. L. Connolly, Airplane Aerodynamics, Pitman 1967
2. J. Seddon and E. L.Goldsmith, Intake Aerodynamics, Collins, 1985
3. J. Chauvin, Supersonic Turbojet Propulsion Systems and Components, AGARDO Graph120, 1969
AE 664 Lighter Than Air Systems

3-0-0-6

18

Introduction to LTA Systems, Historical Perspectives, Principles of Aerostatics, Airship

Structures and Envelope Materials, Propulsion, Aerodynamics and Stability analysis of
airships, Determination of baseline specifications of airships, Ground handling of Airships,
Case studies on airship operations, Design and development of remotely controlled airships,
Introduction to Aerostats, Methodology for Aerostat Sizing, Equilibrium and Stability
analysis of aerostats, Aerostat envelope shape optimization, Unconventional Aerostats,
Applications of Aerostats, Hybrid LTA systems, Stratospheric Airships, Current trends and
recent developments
Texts/References
1. Pant, R.S., Course Material for Design and Development of LTA systems, Curriculum
Development Program, IIT Bombay, 2010.
2. Khoury, G., Ed., Airship Technology, 2nd Edition, Cambridge Aerospace Series,
Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-1107019706, 2012.
AE 673 Fiber Reinforced Composites

3-0-0-6

Polymer matrix composites in aerospace structures. Fibers and polymeric matrix materials.
Fabrication processes. Introduction to anisotropic elasticity. Unidirectional composites.
Micromechanics Interfaces and interphases in polymer composites. Laminates and lamination
theory. Damage characteristics of laminated composites. Delamination in composites.
Interlaminar stresses and free edge effects. Hygrothermal stresses in composites Short fiber
composites. Experimental characterization of composites. Introduction to metal matrix,
ceramic matrix and carbon-carbon composites. Laminated plates under lateral load.
Transverse shear effects.
Texts/References
1. R.F. Gibson, Principles of Composite Material Mechanics, McGraw- Hill, 1994.
2. I.M. Daniel and O. Ishai, Engineering Mechanics of Composite Materials, Oxford
University Press, 1994.
3. G. Lubin, Handbook of Composites, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1982.
AE 676 Elastic Analysis of Plates and Laminates

3-0-0-6

Assumptions of Love-Kirchoff thin plate theory, governing equation and boundary conditions
of thin plates; Rectangular plates with various boundary conditions; Navier's and Levy's
solutions; Bending of circular and annular plates. Plates under combined action of lateral and
in-plane loads. Classical laminated plate theory for anisotropic laminated plates.
Texts/References
1. S. P. Timoshenko and S. Woinowsky-Krieger, Theory of Plates and Shells, 2 nd ed,
McGraw-Hill.
AE 678 Aeroelasticity

3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: AE 715

19

Introduction to static and dynamic aeroelastic phenomena. Divergence of a lifting surface,

two-dimensional and three-dimensional analysis. Analysis of divergence, aeroelastic loads of
tapered and swept wings. Loss and reversal of control two and three dimensional analysis.
Assumed modes and matrix formulations. Aeroelastic efficiency and flexible aerodynamic
derivatives. Fundamentals of flutter analysis. Quasi-steady and unsteady aerodynamic forces
on airfoils. Two-dimension and three-dimensional flutter analysis - modal formulation,
generalised unsteady airloads. Flutter of tapered and swept cantilever wings. Flutter
computation methods. Buffeting and stall flutter. Galloping and Vortex-induced vibrations of
structures. Aeroelastic testing techniques.
Texts/References
1.
2.
3.
4.

Y.C. Fung, An Introduction to the Theory of Aeroelasticity, Dover, 1969

B.L. Bisplinghoff, H. Ashley and R.L. Halfman, Aeroelasticity, Addison-Wesley, 1972.
C.H. Scanlan and R. Rosenbaum, Aircraft Vibration Flutter, Dover, 1968.
E.H. Dowell, A modern course in aeroelasticity, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994

AE 690 Control System Design Techniques

3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: AE 695 or equivalent

Introduction: Design problem definition, selection of design specifications and basic design
objectives, review of PID controller and lag-lead design methodologies, linear state feedback
control review.
2-DOF PID Controllers: Concept of PI-D and I-PD forms, two-loop and 2-DOF
generalization of PID controllers, feed-forward control option, multi-loop structures, zero
placement technique for 2-DOF PID design.
Non-unity Feedback Control: Feedback path control concept, rate and acceleration feedback
based design methodology, role of sensors and filters in feedback path.
Optimal & Robust Classical Design: Performance parameter based optimal design solutions,
integrated error based optimal controllers, concept of close loop robustness and sensitivity
analysis, uncertainty models and Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT) for robust design.
Classical Control of Non-linear Systems: Types of non-linear behaviour and their
classification, gain scheduled controllers, concept of describing function for modelling nonlinear behaviour.
Discrete Domain Control Design: Discrete representation of signals and systems, concept of
z domain and z transform, discrete system response attributes and control design
strategies.
State Estimators & Filters: State estimation in noisy environment, recursive least-squares
filters, Kalman filter in continuous and discrete domains.
Optimal & Robust State Feedback Control: The separation principle, Linear Quadratic
Gaussian (LQG), optimal tracking control design, design for discrete time systems, H norm
based robust control design.
Non-linear & MIMO Systems: Feedback linearization & non-linear dynamic inversion (NDI)
based techniques, concept of MIMO control, eigenspace assignment technique for linear
systems.
Texts/References

20

1. Dazzo, J.J. & Houpius, C.H., Feedback Control System Analysis & Synthesis, 2 nd Ed.,
McGraw-Hill, NY, 1966.
2. Kwakernaak, H. and Sivan, R., Linear Optimal Control Systems, Wiley Interscience,
1972.
3. Friedland, B. Control System Design: An Introduction to State-space Methods,
McGraw-Hill, NY, 1986.
4. Wolovich, W.A., Automatic Control Systems: Basic Analysis and Design, Saunders
College Publishing, 1994.
5. Dazzo, J.J. & Houpius, C.H., Linear Control System Analysis & Design: Conventional
and Modern, 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1995.
6. Friedland, B., Advanced Control System Design, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1996.
7. Zarchan, P. and Musoff, H., Fundamentals of Kalman Filtering: A Practical Approach,
2nd Ed., Progress in Aerospace Sciences Vol. 208, AIAA, 2005
AE 695 State-space Methods for Flight Vehicles

3-0-0-6

Introduction: Time domain representation of dynamical systems, basics of time response of

higher order linear systems, algebraic perspective for dynamical system response.
Vector Algebra: Vector spaces, concept of linear independence, basis vectors and dimension,
linear transformations.
Solution Spaces: solution of linear algebraic systems, concept of kernel and image spaces,
concept of eigenvalues, eigenvectors and eigenspace.
System Forms: Diagonal and Jordan forms, characteristic equation, operator form of linear
dynamical systems, analytic functions of square matrices and Cayley-Hamilton theorem.
Basics of State-space: Dynamical system response in a vector space, representation of linear
dynamical systems in the state-space, various canonical forms.
System Solution Space: Concept of fundamental matrix and state transition matrix, solution
of homogeneous and non-homogeneous systems, evaluation of matrix exponential.
Stability Analysis: Energy based stability hypothesis, Lyapunovs theorem of stability,
concept of phase plane and state-trajectory based stability analysis.
Control Concepts: Controllability of dynamical systems, regulator problem and full state
feedback control structure, pole placement design technique, tracking control structures,
optimal control system using Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), output feedback control
concept.
State Observers: Concept of observability and its role in control, full and reduced order
observers, observer controllers.
Texts/References
1. Ogata, K., State Space Analysis of Control Systems, Prentice Hall, USA, 1967.
2. Kailath, T., Linear Systems, Englewood Cliff: Prentice Hall, 1980.
3. Friedland, B. Control System Design: An Introduction to State-space Methods,
McGraw-Hill,New York, 1986.
4. Blakelock, J.H., Automatic Control of Aircraft & Missiles, 2nd Ed., 1991.
5. Bryson, A.E., Control of Spacecraft and Aircraft, Princeton University Press, 1994.
6. Dazzo, J.J. & Houpis, C.H., Linear Control System Analysis & Design: Conventional
and Modern, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1995.
7. Etkin, B., Dynamics of Flight: Stability and Control, 3rd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
8. Ogata, K., Modern Control Engineering, 5th Ed., Prentice Hall India, 2010.

21

AE 699 Control Systems Laboratory

0-0-4-4

Experimental studies based on Dynamics and Controls courses.

AE 702 Advanced Flight Dynamics

3-0-0-6

Introduction to nonlinear dynamics, bifurcation theory and continuation methods. Problem of

inertia coupling in rapid rolls and its solution. Flight dynamics at high angles of attack,
Normal and large-amplitude wing rock. Wing rock of delta wings, Topological methods.
Nonlinear dynamics of missiles and projectiles, Roll lock-in, Catastrophic yaw.
Texts/References
1. Hancock, G.L., An Introduction to the Flight Dynamics of Rigid Airplanes, Ellis
Horwood, 1995.
AE 705 Introduction to Flight

2-1-0-6

Nomenclature of aircraft components. Standard atmosphere. Basic aerodynamics:

Streamlines, steady fluid motion, incompressible flow, Bernoulli's equation, Mach number,
Pressure and airspeed measurement, Boundary layer, Reynolds number, Laminar and
Turbulent flow. Airfoils and Wings: Pressure coefficient and lift calculation, Critical Mach
number, Wave drag, Finite wings, Induced drag, Swept wings, Aircraft Performance: Steady
level flight, Altitude effects, Absolute ceiling, Steady climbing flight, Energy methods, Range
and Endurance, Sustained level turn, Pull-up, V-n diagram, Take off and landing.
Longitudinal static stability and control, Neutral point.
Texts/References
1. Anderson, J.D., Introduction to Flight, McGraw Hill 1989.
2. Hale, J.F., Introduction to Aircraft Performance, Selection and Design, John Wiley, 1984.
3. Barnard, R.H., and Philpot, D.R., Aircraft Flight, Longman, 1989.
AE 706 Computational Fluid Dynamics

2-1-0-6

Basic equations of fluid dynamics and levels of approximation. Mathematical nature of the
flow equations and their boundary conditions. Grids and transformations. Basic discretization
techniques applied to model equations and system of equations: finite difference, finite
volume and finite element methods. Analysis of numerical schemes: concept of consistency,
stability and convergence. Error and stability analysis. Some applications.
Texts/References
1. Hirsch, C., Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows, Vol. I, John Wiley,
1990.
2. Anderson, J.D., Computional Fluid Dynamics, McGraw Hill, 1995.
3. Anderson, D.A., Tannehill, J.C., and Pletcher, R.H., Computational Fluid Dynamics and
Heat Transfer, McGraw Hill, 1984.

22

AE 707 Aerodynamics of Aerospace Vehicles

2-1-0-6

Potential flow, Circulation and lift generation, Kutta condition. Thin airfoil theory, Source,
Vortex and doublet panel methods. Subsonic compressible flow over airfoils, Prandtl- Glauert
Compressibility correction. Supersonic flow over air- foils, Ackeret Theory. Oblique shocks
and expansion waves, shock expansion method. Potential flow over finite wings, lifting-line
theory, Vortex lattice method. Supersonic flow over finite wings, subsonic/supersonic leading
edge. Linearized theory, Supersonic vortex lattice method. Slender Body Theory:
Introduction to Transonic flows, Conical flows, Hypersonic flow and high-temperature flows.
Texts/References
1.
2.
3.
4.

J. D. Anderson, Fundamentals of Aerodynamics, McGraw Hill, 1991.

J. J. Bertin & M. C. Smith, Aerodynamics for Engineers, Prentice Hall, 1989.
A. M. Kuethe & C. Chow, Foundations of Aerodynamics, John Wiley, 1986.
H. Ashley & M. T. Landahl, Aerodynamics of Wings and Bodies, Addison Wesley, 1965.

AE 708 Aerospace Propulsion

2-1-0-6

Introduction, Various propulsive devices used for aerospace applications, Classifications of

rockets: Electrical, Nuclear and Chemical rockets, Applications of rockets. Nozzle design:
Flow through nozzle, Real nozzle, Equilibrium and frozen flow, Adaptive and non adaptive
nozzles, Thrust vector controls, Rocket performance parameters. Solid propellant rockets,
Grain compositions, Design of Grain. Liquid propellant rockets, Injector design, cooling
systems, Feed Systems: Pressure feed and turbo-pump feed system. Heat transfer problems in
rocket engines.
Texts/References
1. G.C. Oates, Aerothermodynamics of Gas Turbine and Rocket Propulsion, AIAA, 1988.
2. S. M. Barrere et al, Rocket Propulsion, Elsevier, London, 1956.
3. S.P. Sutton, Rocket Propulsion Elements, John Wiley, 1954
AE 709 Aerospace Structures

2-1-0-6

Thin-walled stiffened structures in aerospace vehicles, basic components and assemblages.

General formulation for thin-walled beams. Bending and torsion of thin-walled beams of
arbitrary closed and open cross-sections, shear flow and shear center calculations for general
cross-sections, warpless cross-sections. Bending and torsion of multi-cell thin-walled beams warping, shear flow and shear centre, stresses in thin walled beams of variable depth, effect
of taper. Effect of warp restraint in thin-walled beams, axial constraint stresses, effect of
warp restraint in open section beams. Buckling of thin walled beams, torsional instability,
introduction to the instability of flat sheets, local buckling of composite shapes, buckling of
stiffened sheets, effective width concept, design charts and formulae. Diagonal tension and
semi-tension field beams.
Texts/References

23

1. T. H. G. Megson, "Aircraft Structures for Engineering Students", 2nd ed. Edward Arnold,
London, 1990.
2. E. F. Bruhn, "Analysis and Design of Flight Vehicle Structures", Tri-State Offset Co.,
Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A., 1965.
3. D. Williams, "Introduction to the Theory of Aircraft Structures", Edward Arnold, London,
1960.
4. B. E. Gatewood, "Virtual Principles in Aircraft Structures", Vol.1 & 2, Kluwer Academic
Publishers, Netherlands, 1989.
AE 710 Aeroacoustics

3-0-0-6

Introduction: Background and definition of aeroacoustics; Linearity of acoustics

Aspects of classical acoustic theory: Governing equations for 1-D acoustics; Governing
equations for 3-D acoustics; 1-D and spherically-symmetric acoustics in a medium at rest;
Kovasznays decomposition of linearized fluid fluctuations; Elements of solutions of
Helmholtz equation
Acoustic fluctuations in non-uniform media (sheared flows)
Sources of aeroacoustic sound and their resultant fields: Non-uniqueness of source identified
from measured sound field; Sound field of oscillating spheres (as elemental sources);
Introduction to generalized functions and Greens theory for solution of partial differential
equations as required in acoustics; Sound field due to monopole, dipole and quadrupole
sources, their importance, and their relation with oscillating spheres; Analysis of sound due to
moving sources; Reciprocal theorem in linear acoustics
Kirchhoffs formula of linear acoustics in the presence of surfaces
Lighthills theory and application to jet noise
Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings formulation of nonlinear acoustics in the presence of
surfaces
Scattering of sound at an edge, as applicable to airfoil noise
Study of current literature on various topics of aeroacoustics
Texts/References
1. Goldstein, M. E., Aeroacoustics, McGraw-Hill, 1976
2. Crighton, D. G., Basic principles of aerodynamic noise generation, Prog. Aerospace Sci.,
16(1), 1975 pp. 31-96
3. Dowling, A. P. and Ffowcs-Williams, J. E., Sound and sources of sound, Ellis Horwood
Publishers, 1983
AE 711 Aircraft Propulsion

2-1-0-6

Introduction to various aircraft propulsive devices: Piston-prop, Turbo-prop,Turbojet,

Turbofan, Turboshaft, Ramjet,Vectored- thrust, Lift engines. Gas Turbine Cycles and cycle
based performance analysis; 1-D and 2-D analyis of flow through gas turbine components Intake, Compressors, Turbines, Combustion Chamber, Afterburner, and Nozzle. Compressor
and Turbine blade shapes ; cascade theory; radial equilibrium theory ; matching of
compressor and Turbine. Turbine cooling. Single spool and Multi- spool engines. Powerplant
performance with varying speed and altitude.
Texts/References

24

1. Cohen, Rogers, and Saravanamuttoo, Gas Turbine Theory, Longman, 1987.

2. G.C. Oates (ed), Aerothermodynamics of Aircraft Engine Components, AIAA, 1985.
AE 712 Flight Dynamics and Control

3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: AE 717 (or AE 305), AE 775 (or AE 308), AE 690, AE 695

Note: Students need background covered in all the above courses. Requirements can be
waived in exceptional cases. Background deemed to have been acquired as a benchmark.
Registration to be permitted only with instructors consent.
Introduction. Review of aircraft flight dynamics, nonlinear / linearized equations of motion
and various longitudinal and lateral modes, salient features of the open loop dynamic
response to standard flight control inputs, effects of high roll rates, inertia cross-coupling and
structural flexibility on aircraft flight dynamics, human pilot dynamic modelling, dynamic
equations for a round earth, aerodynamic effects of rotational and unsteady motion, flight at
high angles of attack.
Aircraft missions. Flight envelope as a mission statement, effect of flight conditions on
linearized aircraft dynamic models, flying (or handling) quality requirements and the design
objectives for the flight control systems.
Classical control systems. Stability augmentation systems, longitudinal and lateral autopilots
e.g. displacement autopilot, pitch attitude controller, altitude and glide path hold controllers
including instrument landing system, speed hold autopilot, yaw damper and roll control
systems, automatic flare controller using model following, dutch roll damping augmentation,
turn compensation & automatic lateral beam guidance system, gust response alleviation
system.
State space based control systems. Eigen structure assignment based longitudinal pitch
controller, linear quadratic regulator (LQR) based lateral control systems, normal acceleration
based stability augmentation system, LQR based pitch rate controller, yaw orientation
controller incorporating servo dynamics, design of lateral autopilots under physical
constraints,
Controllers for noisy & uncertain aircraft dynamics. Robust pitch rate controllers to handle
wind gust and unmodelled dynamics, Kalman filter based angle of attack estimation under
gust noise, linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) and loop transfer recovery (LTR) based lateral
controllers, digital implementation of pitch rate controller, actuator saturation and antiwindup controller.
Case studies. Typical control law designs for civilian, military and unmanned aircraft.
Texts/References
1.
2.
3.
4.

McLean, D., Automatic Flight Control Systems, Prentice Hall, 1990.

Blakelok, J.H., Automatic Control of Aircraft and Missiles, Wiley- Interscience, 1991.
Stevens, B.L. and Lewis, F.L, Aircraft Control and Simulation, John Wiley, 1992.
Hancock, G.L., An Introduction to the Flight Dynamics of Rigid Airplanes, Ellis
Horwood, 1995.
5. Etkin, B. and Reid, L.D., Dynamics of Flight Stability and Control, Wiley India Pvt.
Ltd., 1996.
6. Nelson, R.C., Flight Stability and Automatic Control, 2nd Ed., McGraw Hill, 1998.
7. Zipfel, P.H., Modeling and Simulation of Aerospace Vehicle Dynamics, AIAA Education
Series, 2000

25

8. Stengel, R.S., Flight Dynamics, Princeton University Press, 2004; Overseas Press, New
Delhi, 2009
AE 713 Spaceflight Dynamics

3-0-0-6

Introduction: Space missions and role of launch vehicles and spacecraft, Historical
Perspective.
Ascent Mission: Ascent mission objectives, mathematical models governing ascent mission,
rectilinear and gravity turn ascent trajectories, effect of aerodynamic drag and gravity on
ascent mission performance.
Multi-stage Launch Vehicles: Concept of multi-staging, staging solution sensitivity analysis,
series and parallel staging configurations, optimal staging solutions.
Launch Vehicle Attitude Motion: Short period attitude motion models, nature of attitude
response to atmospheric disturbances.
Basic Orbital Solution: Two-body Problem solution, Keppler`s laws & equation, classical
orbital elements, orbit determination from initial conditions, position and velocity prediction
from orbital elements, different types of orbits, perturbation due to earth oblateness and solar
radiation pressure, non-Keplerian formulation and restricted 3-body problem, sphere of
activity & Roche limit.
Satellite Operations: Orbit raising manoeuvre, Hohmann and low thrust transfer manoeuvres,
orbit inclination change maneuver, orbit perigee change manoeuvre, launch to orbit and
docking manoeuvres, launch window concept.
Spacecraft Motion: Interplanetary motion basics, departure and arrival solutions, planetary
transfers, gravity assist trajectories.
Descent Mission: Orbit decay solution, concept of re-entry mission, ballistic and other reentry
mechanisms.
Spacecraft Attitude Motion: Torque-free motion models, effect of energy dissipation on
stability of rotational motion, overview of actuation mechanisms for attitude control.
Texts/References
1. Cornelisse, J.W., Schoyer, H.F.R. and Wakker, K.F., Rocket Propulsion and Spaceflight
Dynamics, Pitman, London, 1979.
2. Thompson, W. T., Introduction to Space Dynamics, Dover Publications, New York,
1986.
3. Pisacane, V.L. and Moore, R.C., Fundamentals of Space Systems, Oxford University
Press, 1994.
4. Wiesel, W. E., Spaceflight Dynamics, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill, 1997.
5. Wie, B., Space Vehicle Dynamics and Control, AIAA Education Series, 1998.
6. Meyers, R.X., Elements of Space Technology for Aerospace Engineers, Academic
Press, 1999.
AE 714 Aircraft Design

2-1-0-6

Types of Aerial vehicles, their basic principles, advantages, disadvantages, limitations.

Product/system design process. Formulation of problem-objective function, constraints.
Solutions. Aircraft project phases. Configuration: Types and comparison of Wing, Tail,
Fuselage, Landing Gear, Wing-Tail combinations, Powerplant (types, numbers, locations).
Estimation of C, Field length, Allowable CG range, Thrust vs speed and Altitude for propeller
and Jet. Estimation of Preliminary weight, Acquisition cost. Operating cost. Rubber Engine

26

Sizing: Fixed engine sizing: Detailed weights, detailed geometry, etc. Detailed design: V-n
diagram, design loads, structural layout. Introduction to advanced concepts in aircraft design.
Texts/References
1. D.P. Raymer, Aircraft Design - A Conceptual Approach, AIAA Educational Series, 1990.
2. E. Torenbeek, Synthesis of Subsonic Airplane Design, Delft University Press, 1977.
AE 715 Structural Dynamics

2-1-0-6

Elements of analytical dynamics, generalised coordinates, Principle of Virtual Work,

Hamilton's principle, Lagrange's equations, applications.
Discrete systems with multiple degrees of freedom, elastic and inertia coupling, natural
frequencies and modes, free vibration response, orthogonality of natural modes, modal
analysis, forced vibration response, special and general cases of damping, matrix
formulations, solution of the eigen value problem.
Vibration of continuous systems, differential equations and boundary conditions,
longitudinal, flexural and torsional vibrations of one-dimensional structures, approximate
methods-Ritz series, assumed modes, Galerkin and integral formulations, vibration analysis
of simplified aircraft and launch vehicle structures, structural damping, free and forced
response of continous systems, modal truncation. Special formulations for large systems.
Texts/References
1. L.Meirovitch, "Elements of Vibration Analysis", 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1988
2. W.Weaver, S.P.Timoshenko and D.H. Young, Vibration Problems in Engineering, 5th ed.,
John-Wiley & Sons, 1990.
3. L.Meirovitch, Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics, Sitjhoff & Noordhoff,
1980
4. R.W. Clough and Joseph Penzien, Dynamics of Structures, McGraw-Hill, 1975.
5. R.L.Bisplinghoff, H. Ashley and R.L. Halfman, Aeroelasticity, Addison-Wesley, 1965.
AE 717 Aircraft Flight Dynamics

3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: AE 705
Frames of reference. Inertial frame, body frame. Definitions of and . Wind axes. Notation
and sign convention for forces, moments and motion variables. Non-dimensional parameters
stability derivatives. Control surfaces and control derivatives. Dynamic derivatives.
Equations of motion of rigid body. Euler angles & Quaternions.
Aircraft dynamics. Equations in wind axes. Aerodynamic, propulsive, gravity forces and
moments for an aircraft. 12th non-linear ODEs. 9th order ODEs with decoupling of and X,
Y. 8th order ODEs with decoupling of Z for small excursions in Z (change in neglected).
Simulations. Trim analysis given equilibrium states determine control input and vice-versa.
Stability analysis. Linearization with respect to equilibrium. Decoupling into 4th order
Longitudinal and 4th order Lateral / Directional dynamics.
Longitudinal dynamics. Mode shapes. Short period and phugoid frequency and damping,
time to double/half.
Lateral / Directional dynamics. Mode shapes. Dutch roll, roll subsidence & spiral mode
frequency and damping, time to double/half.

27

Effect of winds. Gust response.

Texts/References
1. Roskam, J., Flight Dynamics of Rigid and Elastic Airplanes, University of Kansas
Press, 1972.
2. Etkin, B., Dynamics of Atmospheric Flight, John Wiley, 1972.
3. Stevens, B.L. and Lewis, F.L, Aircraft Control and Simulation, John Wiley, 1992.
4. Etkin, B. and Reid, L.D., Dynamics of Flight Stability and Control, Wiley India Pvt.
Ltd., 1996.
5. Nelson, R.C., Flight Stability and Automatic Control, 2nd Ed., McGraw Hill, 1998.
6. Stengel, R.S., Flight Dynamics, Princeton University Press, 2004; Overseas Press, New
Delhi, 2009.
AE 719 Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics

3-0-0-6

Formulations of Euler equations. Discretization methods for Euler equations. High resolution
schemes and TVD. Properties of Navier-Stokes equations. Discretization of NS equations.
Boundary conditions. Convergence acceleration techniques.
Texts/References
1. Hirsch, C., Numerical Computation of Internal and External Flows, John Wiley, 1990.
2. Leveque, R.J., Numerical Methods for Conservation Laws, Birkhauser Verlag, 1990.
3. Anderson, D.A., Tannehill, J.C. and Pletcher, R.H., Computational Fluid Dynamics and
Heat Transfer, McGraw Hill, 1984.
AE 722 Grid Generation for Computational Mechanics

3-0-0-6

Structured Grid, Methods of generating structured grids, Multiblock Strategies and Interface
Treatment and their merits and demerits, Unstructured Grids, Merits/Demerit over structured
grids, Methods of Unstructured Grid Generation Use of Background Meshes, Adaptive Grids,
Grid quality and Dynamic griding, Auto Blocking Techniques, CAGD Techniques in Grid
Generation, Grid Generation Software, Applications of Unstructured and Hybrid Grids and
Multi Block Structured Grids.
Texts/ References
1. P.L. George, Automatic mesh generation applications to finite element methods, John
Wiley, 1991.
AE 724 Experimental Methods in Fluid Mechanics

3-0-0-6

Physical laws of Fluid Mechanics, Similarity analysis, inviscid incompressible flows, inviscid
compressible flows, Viscous flows, Various measurable quantities. Flow facilities: Various
types of Wind Tunnels, Water Tunnels, Towing Tank. Measurement of mean and fluctuating
pressures: Various types of probes, Manometers, Transducers. Measurement of Temperature:
Thermocouples, Measurement of Velocity: Mean velocity, Turbulence, Hot Wire
Anemometer, LDV, PIV. Measurement of Skin Friction: Balance, Preston Tube; Unsteady

28

Flow Measurements: Conditional sampling technique for periodic flows. Calibration: Primary
calibrators and traceability. Data analysis: Precision, accuracy, error.
Texts/References
1. R.J. Goldstom (ed.), Fluid Mechanics Measurements, Hemisphere Publishing, 1983.
AE 725 Air Transportation

3-0-0-6

Historical development and nature of Civil Aviation. Aviation organisations and their
functions. Air-Transport regulations.
The Airline industry. Airline economics and planning; Operating costs and revenue; Fleet
planning and route development; Aircraft operations and performance. Aircraft Systems.
Introduction to ATC and Avionics, Aircraft characteristics related to Airport Design, Airport
Layout and Configuration, Geometric design of the airfield, Airport Costing and Financing,
Cost-benefit analysis of Airport development.
Impact of Airline deregulation on the airline industry. Air-transport in developing countries,
Modern trends and current issues in Air transportation.
Texts/References
1. Naval Taneja, Introduction to Civil Aviation, 2nd ed. Lexington Books, 1988.
2. William E.O' Conner, An Introduction to Airline Economics, Praeger Publishers, New
York, 1995
3. R. Wilkinson, Aircraft Structures and Systems, Addison Wesley Longman, 1996
4. Robert Horonjeff and Francis, X. McKelvey Planning and Design of Airports, 4th ed.
McGraw Hill, 1994.
5. Norman Ashford, Clifton Moore, Airport Finance, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1992.
6. George Williams, The Airline Industry and the impact of Deregulation, 2nd ed, Avebury
Aviation, 1994.
AE 726 Heat Transfer - Aerospace Applications

3-0-0-6

Introduction, Modes of Heat transfer and basic equations. Conduction: Simple steady and
unsteady conduction, applications. Convection: Natural and forced convection, applications.
Radiation : Stefan - Boltzmann Law, Planck's law, Absorptivity, Emmissivity shape factor,
applications. Aerospace applications: Turbine blade cooling, Disk cooling, Combustion
Chamber Cooling, Rocket Engine cooling systems - regeneratively cooled, dump cooling,
ablation cooling, Radiation shield.
Texts/References
1. J.P. Holman, Heat Transfer, McGraw Hill, 7th Edition, 1992
2. S.P. Sukhatme, A Textbook on Heat Transfer, Orient Longman, 1979.
AE 727 Aircraft Structural Mechanics Laboratory

0-0-4-4

Experimental studies based on Aerospace structures courses.

AE 728 Aircraft Production Technology

3-0-0-6

29

Special features of aircraft production. Aircraft assembly techniques.Design and manufacture

of tooling. Assembly jigs and fixtures. Master tooling. Assembly of riveted, welded and
adhesive bonded sub-assemblies. Detachable joints. Installation processes. Assembly of
aircraft sections and units.Equipping and final assembly. Inspection and testing. Coordination
of master, manufacturing and assembly tooling.Plastics for tooling. Fabrication and assembly
of polymer composite structures. Machining, joining and repair of composites. Process
modeling and optimization. Quality and reliability of an aircraft. Estimating and planning of
production. CAD/CAM.
Texts/References
1. S.C. Keshu and K.K. Ganapathi, Aircraft Production, Interline Publishing, 1993.
2. F.L. Mathews (ed), Joining Fiber Reinforced Plastics, Elsevier, 1987.
3. M.M. Schwartz (ed), Composite Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill, 1992.
AE 730 Experimental Methods in Structural Dynamics

3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: AE 715
Basics of vibration measurements - Terminology and parameters, types of vibration and its
quantification, basic considerations in experimentation. Vibration measurement equipment
and signal analysers - types of transducers, signal conditioning, measuring techniques and
instruments, frequency analysis - DFT and FFT, digital signal processing considerations.
Experimental modal analysis - mathematical models, FRF and its forms, modal analysis
theory, experimental methods, excitation techniques, single and multiple exciter techniques,
shaker systems, modal parameter extraction techniques, SDOF and MDOF methods in
frequency and time domain. Automatic force appropriation techniques. Ground resonance
testing of Aircraft. Introduction to aircraft servo-elastic testing.
Texts/References
1. Harris C.M., "Shock and Vibration Handbook", 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill Book
Company, N.Y., 1988.
2. Ewins D.J., "Modal Testing: Theory and Practice", John Wiley & Sons, N.Y., 1984.
AE 732 Composite Structures Analysis and Design

3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: AE 673 or Equivalent

Thermomechanical behavior of polymer composites. Micromechanical modeling of
continuous fiber composites. Interlaminar response of laminated composites. Fracture and
fracture mechanics of composites Notched composites. Damage tolerance. Design for
improved fracture resistance, impact resistance and fatigue resistance of polymer composites.
Processing science and fabrication technology of polymer composites. Process modeling and
optimization. Machining joining and repair of composites. Ablation. Environmental
degradation of composites. Damping. 2D and 3D textile structural composites. Hybrid
composites. Composites in aerospace applications Carbon-carbon composites. Composites as
intelligent materials and structures.

30

Texts/References
1. B.Z. Jang, Advanced Polymer Composites, ASM International, 1994.
2. G. Eckold, Design and Manufacture of Composite Structures, Woodhead, 1994.
3. Engineered Materials Handbook - Vol. 1, Composites, ASM International, 1989.
AE 736 Advanced Aeroelasticity

3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: AE 678
Basic equations of motion of unsteady potential flow, small perturbation linearised theory.
Boundary conditions and addition al physical considerations. Solution methodology,
Accelerated flows. Unsteady lift and moments on oscillating two-dimensional thin airfoil and
slender wing in incompressible flow and super- sonic flow, Piston Theory. Introduction to
unsteady lifting surface theory. Divergence of swept, tapered wings. Aeroelastic loads and
Aeroelastic efficiency computations. Flutter of wings. Modal formulation and assumed
modes approaches. Generalised aerodynamic forces and modal unsteady airloads. Flutter
Solution methods. Transient motion of airfoils - Fourier superposition, Wagner and Kussner
functions and gust response. Time domain modeling of modal unsteady aerodynamic forces.
Subcritical response of wings. Exposure to practical aeroelastic analysis. Introduction
to aero-servo-elastic modeling of aircraft.
Texts/References
1. R.L.Bisplinghoff, H. Ashley and R.L. Halfman, Aeroelasticity,Addison-Wesley,
Massachusetts, 1955.
2. Y.C. Fung, An Introduction to the Theory of Aeroelasticity, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y.,
1955
3. R.L.Bisplinghoff and H. Ashley, Principles of Aeroelasticity, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y.
1962
4. E.H. Dowell, H.C. Curtiss, R.H. Scanlan and F. Sisto, A Modern Course in Aeroelasticity,
Sijthroff & Noordoff, Netherlands, 1978.
AE 755 Optimization for Engineering Design

3-0-0-6

Engineering design process. Problem formulation in design; Constraints; Objective function.

Constrained and unconstrained optimization problems; Necessary and sufficient conditions
for optimality; Kuhn-Tucker conditions; Post-optimality analysis. Numerical methods for
unconstrained and constrained nonlinear optimizations; Direct search methods; Steepest
descent; Conjugate gradient (Fletcher Reeves); Newton's, DFP & BFGS method; Random
walk; Simulated Annealing; Genetic Algorithms; Penalty function approaches; Method of
Lagrange multipliers. Introduction to multi criteria optimization (MCO); Decision variables;
Integrated problem formulation; Pareto optimum and Min-Max optima; Solution methods
based on function scalarisation. Introduction to Multidisciplinary Design Optimization
(MDO); Definition; Examples; Decomposition; Approximations and System sensitivity
analysis in MDO. Exposure to single level, concurrent subspace and collaborative
optimization methods; System and discipline level functions and intercommunication.
Texts/References

31

1. Arora, J.S., Introduction to Optimum Design, McGraw-Hill, 1989.

2. Rao, S.S., Engineering Optimisation - Theory and Applications, New Age International,
New Delhi, 1998.
3. Deb, K., Optimisation for Engineering Design: Algorithms and Examples, Prentice-Hall
India, 1995.
4. Osyczka, Multicriterion Optimization in Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, 1984.
5. Goldberg D.E., Genetic algorithms in Search, Optimisation and Machine Learning,
Addison Wesley, 1989.
6. Van Laarhoven, P.J.M., and Aarts, E.H.L., Simulated Annealing: Theory and
Applications, Kluwer Academic Publication, Reidel, Dordecht, 1987 (ISBN 90-277-25736). Research papers in MDO (AIAA papers)
AE 771 Matrix Computations

3-0-0-6

Systems of linear equations, Cholesky decomposition, Gauss elimination, LU decomposition,

pivoting, sensitivity of linear systems, Condition numbers, round-off errors, Ill-conditioned
matrices. Orthogonal matrices, least-squares problem, Gram-Schmidt method. Eigenvalues
and eigenvectors, QR algorithm, Hessenberg and tridiagonal forms, Invariant subspaces,
Symmetric eigenvalue problem, singular value decomposition.
Texts/References
1. Watkins, D S, Fundamentals of Matrix Computations, John Wiley, 1991.
2. Golub, G H and Van Loan, C F, Matrix Computations, 2 nd ed. Johns Hopkins Univ. Press,
1989
3. Stewart G W., Introduction to Matrix Computations, Academic Press, 1973.
AE 773 Applied Mechatronics

2-0-2-6

Prerequisites: Basic course in Electronics or Instrumentation

Review of basic electronic devices - diodes, transistors, operational amplifiers and their
various forms. Digital electronic components and their applications - Flip-flops, registers,
counters, switches, triggers, timers etc.
Data acquisition - Sample and hold circuit, digital - analog, analog-digital converters.
Introduction to micro-controllers and their usage with specific project
Sensors (conventional / MEMS) - Potentiometers, encoders, accelerometers, angular rate
sensors, load-cells, pressure - transducers, GPS, heading, Actuators - DC motor, stepper
motor, servo motor, relays.
Hands on experience with above referred devices / components. Group project on
mechatronics system integration using sensors, actuators and specific board.
Texts/References
1. Histand & Aciatore , Introduction to mechatronics and measurement systems, McGraw
Hill Publications, 1999.
2. Bradley, Dawson & Loader, Mechatronics - Electronics in products and processes,
Chapman Hall, 1994.
3. Paul Horowitz, The art of electronics, Winfield Hill, Cambridge University Press,
Second Edition, 1989.

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AE 774 Special Topics in Aerodynamics and CFD

3-0-0-6

Prerequisites: Consent of Course Coordinator

This course will cover special and advanced topics in aerodynamics and CFD. The course
will typically consist of 2 or 3 modules taught by one or more instructors. Exact topics and
coverage will depend on availability of instructors and background of students, and will be
intimated in advance. The topics will be in the areas of Turbulence and turbulence modeling,
Bluff body and vortex dominated flows, High speed and hypersonic flows, Advanced
computational methods, Flow dynamics, stability and control, Industrial fluid mechanics,
Aero acoustics and noise control.
AE 775 System Modelling, Dynamics and Control

3-0-0-6

Introduction to System Modelling: Objective, basic modelling concepts, types of models,

modelling through conservation laws, role of mathematical models in system dynamics and
control.
Dynamic Models of Physical Systems: Models of simple physical systems e.g. mechanical,
hydraulic, thermal etc., linearization of nonlinear models and role of Linear Time Invariant
(LTI) forms, examples of models of complex systems e.g. aircraft, launch vehicles, missiles,
spacecraft and other similar engineering systems.
System Representation: Laplace transform and transfer function, block diagram
representation and manipulation, signal flow graphs, Masons gain formula.
System Dynamics: Transient and steady state response of first and second order systems,
response of higher order systems to standard and generic inputs in Laplace and time domains,
concept of partial fractions.
Introduction to Control: Control situations & objectives, open-loop and closed-loop control
concepts, various types of control structures, unity negative feedback control systems, basic
control actions, 1st and 2nd order system on-off control, effect of hysteresis on the closed-loop
control performance, relay modelling.
System Stability: Concept of system stability and connection with its response, asymptotic
and bounded-input bounded-output stability, role of characteristic roots in stability, Rouths
stability criterion.
Proportional Control Systems: Proportional control action modelling, stability and response
of proportional control systems, concept of root locus and its application to proportional
control system analysis.
Frequency Response: Concept of frequency response & its representation using Bode,
Nyquist and Nichols plots, closed-loop system analysis using frequency response attributes,
Nyquist stability analysis.
Closed-loop Response Attributes: Transient and steady-state response concept, tracking
control task and closed-loop error constants, integral control option for tracking, transient
response and role of derivative action.
Closed-loop Response Control Elements: PI controllers and lag compensators for tracking
control tasks, PD controllers and lead compensators for transient response control tasks, PID
controllers and lag-lead compensators for complex control tasks.
Design of Closed-loop Control Systems: Performance specifications, gain and phase margins
as design specifications, use of root locus, bode plots, Nyquist plots and Nichols plots in

33

closed-loop control design, design rules, methodologies and guidelines for different types of
control tasks.
Case Studies: Pitch steering of flexible launch vehicles, launch vehicles roll-yaw control,
control of bias momentum satellites for pointing, spacecraft payload controllers, gimbaled
radar controller for a missile tracking a target; Aircraft longitudinal and lateral controllers.
Texts/References
1. Ogata, K., Modern Control Engineering, 5th Ed., Prentice Hall India, Eastern Economy
Edition 2010.
2. Kuo, B. C. and Golnaraghi, F., Automatic Control Systems, 8 th Ed., John Wiley & Sons,
2003.
3. D`Azzo , J. J. and Houpis , C. H., Linear Control Systems Analysis and Design Conventional and Modern, 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill, 1995.
4. Nise, N.S., Control Systems Engineering, 3rd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, 2001
5. Franklin, G.F., David Powell, J. & Emami-Naeini, A., Feedback Control of Dynamic
Systems, 5th Ed., Pearson Prentice Hall, LPE, 2006.
6. Gopal, M., Control Systems Principles and Design, 3rd Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill, 2008.
7. Dorf, R.C. and Bishop, R.H., Modern Control Systems, 12th Ed., Prentice Hall, 2011.
8. Bryson, A.E., Control of Spacecraft and Aircraft, Princeton University Press, 1994.
9. Wie, B., Space Vehicle Dynamics and Control, AIAA Education Series, 2008.
10. Blakelock, J.H., Automatic Control of Aircraft and Missiles, John Wiley, 1991.
AE 780 Computational Heat Transfer

3-0-0-6

Introduction, Governing equations for fluid flow and heat transfer. Solution to Partial
Differential Equations - application to conduction, convection. Incompressible and
compressible flow simulation, Laminar and Turbulent flows, Flow with chemical reactions.
Texts/References
1. Patankar S.V. Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow , Hemisphere Pub. Co., 1981
2. Hirsch, C. Numerical Computation of Internal and external flow, Vol. I & II, John Wiley,
1990.
AE 782 Flow Control

3-0-0-6

Introduction to flow control, history of flow control, governing equations, equations of

motion at the wall, control goals, classification of flow control methods, active, passive and
reactive flow control, wall bounded and free shear flows, coherent structures, control
methods for laminar and turbulent flows, Reynolds number effects, transition control,
compliant coatings, free-surface waves, flow separation, steady and unsteady separation,
mechanics, characteristics and effects of flow separation, detection of flow separation,
prevention and delay of separation, provocation of separation, control of flow separation by
active and passive means, vortex generators and vortex generator jets, low-Reynolds number
aerodynamics, separation bubble, drag reduction, drag reduction in automobiles,
relaminarization, noise reduction, passive noise control, compliant coatings, jet noise,
turbomachinery blades, secondary flows and its control, synthetic jets, microelectromechanical systems in flow control, emerging trends in flow control.

34

Texts/References
1. Gad-el-Hak, M., Flow Control, Cambridge University Press, 2000
2. Chang, P.K. Control of Flow Separation , Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, 1976
3. Lachmann G.V., Boundary Layer and Flow Control, Volumes 1 & 2 ~ T, Pergamon Press,
1961.
AE 792 Communication Skills

0-2-0-4

Comprehension Reading of journal papers, technical reports, Ph.D. theses and

Demonstration of critical understanding of the concepts described; Literature survey of an
area and reporting of the state-of-the-art in that area, along with identification of gaps.
Articulation Written Technical report writing using formal styles, sequencing of ideas.
Articulation Oral Expression of the technical contents with clarity and brevity, participation
in formal/informal discussions on technical matters; Role of slides, presentation style,
sequencing of sub-ideas for coherent presentations.
Other Issues Professional ethics & the issues related to plagiarism in documents & research
publications, including international practices; Various standards for citing & quoting from
literature including referencing styles; gender issues, workplace relationships; Patents.
Texts/References
1. Booth, W C, Colomb, G G and Williams J M, The Craft of Research (Chicago Guides to
1. Writing, Editing, and Publishing), Univ. of Chicago Press, 2008
2. Monippally, M M, Pawar B S, Academic Writing: A Guide for Management Students
and Researchers, Response Books, 2010
3. Alley, M, The Craft of Scientific Presentations, Springer 2003.

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