Abutment

ABUTMENT :
Bendung .
1. Input
Dimension
B2
B1
Rb1
+ 80.45
HT
=
13.05 m
B1
=
0.90 m
B2
=
0.40 m
B3
=
0.40 m
B4
=
2.25 m
B5
=
1.80 m
B6
=
4.95 m
BT
=
9.00 m
H1
=
1.45 m
H1 max
=
1.45 m
H2
=
10.00 m
H3
=
0.60 m
H4
=
1.00 m
H5
=
1.00 m
H6
=
0.40 m
H10
=
11.45 m
ho
=
8.60 m
Abutment width BL =
5.00 m
Support from Parapet =
0.45 m
Rh1
=
0.73 m
Rb1
=
0.45 m
Hw1
=
6.60 m
Hw2
=
7.60 m
Slope
=
0.0 slope 1:n
(in case no soil on toe side, input "0")
H1
+ 79.00
Rh1
H5
H10
B3
Slope 1:n
H6
+ 75.00
HT
H2
ho
+ 74.00
Hw2
+ 69.00
Hw1
H3
H4
+
67.40
BT
B4
B5
Unit Weight
Soil
Soil (saturated)
Concrete
B6
Design Load for Parapet

Wheel load of T-Load
T
=
Contact width of T-load
a
=
Effective width of road =
Thickness of pavement =
1.80 t/m3
2.00 t/m3
2.40 t/m3
Reaction of superstructure
Normal
Vn=Rd+Rl
137.96 ton
Seismic
Ve=Rd
71.27 ton
He=
12.83 ton
Type of bearing
Movable
(Input Fixed or Movable)
Surcharge Load
0.70
t/m2
(He=2 kh Rd, for fixed bearing)

(He=kh Rd, for movable bearing)
10.0 ton
0.20 m
3.00 m
0.05 m
With Impact Plate?

Yes
(Input Yes or No)
Width of Corbel Lp=
0.30 m
Thickness of Impact Plate =
0.30 m
Length of Impact plate
3.00 m
Soil depth above plate
0.70 m
Parameters
q:
q' :
:
:
:
1:
2:
E1:
E2:
:
c:
kh :
Uc:
f:
N-SPT :
Qa :
Qae:
surcharge load (t/m2)

surcharge load (t/m2) (=0)
unit weight of earth (t/m3)
ground surface angle (degree)
internal friction angle (degree)
friction angle between earth and wall (degree) normal
friction angle between earth and earth (degree) normal
friction angle between earth and wall (degree) seismic
friction angle between earth and earth (degree) seismic
wall angle (degree)
cohesion of soil (t/m2)
(do not consider)
0.70
0.00
1.80
0.00
30.00
20.00 (=2/3)
0.00
15.00 (=1/2)
24.20
0.00
0.00
0.18
1.00
0.60
50.00
20.83
( max.
31.25
( max.
Uplift coefficient
Friction Coefficient =Tan b =
Allowable bearing capacity
Allowable bearing capacity
Concrete Design Strength

Creep strain coefficient (concrete)
Reinforcement concrete
Allowable stress
ca
Concrete
sa
Re-Bar
a
Shearing
ma
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar
sy
kgf/cm2
Young's modulus (reinforcement bar)
Young's Modulus Ratio
n
normal t/m2
seismic t/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
20.83
31.25
Normal condition
175
0.0035
Seismic condition
175
0.0035
60
1850
5.5
14
90
2775
8.25
21
3000
2100000
24
3000
2100000
16
(concrete)
(stirrup)
1/33
t/m2 for soil foundation)

t/m2 for soil foundation)
278586750.xls,Input
2. Check
2.1 Stability Analysis
Overturning
Sliding
Settlement
(bearing capacity)
Normal condition
e= -0.32
BT / 6 =
1.50
OK
(e < BT/6)
Fs =Hu / H=
2.65
Fs >
2.00
OK
Qmax = 13.19
OK
Qmax < Qa
Qa = 20.8
Seismic condition
e=
-0.62
BT / 3 =
3.00
OK
(e < BT/3)
Fs =Hu / H=
1.26
Fs >
1.25
OK
Qmax =
10.56
OK
Qmax < Qa
Qae=
31.3
m
m
t/m2
t/m2
m
m
t/m2
t/m2
2.2 Structural Analysis

(1) Body
Section A-A
Normal
Bar arrangement
Back face
(tensile bar)
(vertical)
(mm)
spacing (mm)
As (cm2)
(mm)
Front face
(compressive bar)
(vertical)
spacing (mm)
( As' > 0.5 As, cm2 )
(mm)
Hoop bar
(horizontal)
interval (mm)
Max interval (mm)
Design dimensions
Effective width (whole width) (cm)
Concrete cover :
d1(cm)
d2(cm)
Effective height (cm) : d-d1(cm)
Design load
Mf (t m)
Nd (t)
S (t)
Checking of minimum reinforcement bar
Required bar (cm2)
Checking of allowable stress
Compressive stress c
kgf/cm2
Bending stress s
kgf/cm2
s'
kgf/cm2
Mean shearing stress m
kgf/cm2
(2) Footing
25
90
273
25
180
ok
136 >=136.4
500
7.5
7.5
172.5
704.25
321.86
118.55
Normal
25
90
273
25
180
ok
136 >=136.4
16
200
300
258
as rectangular beam
33 ok
1676 ok
1.54 ok
Toe side
(Normal / Seismic)
356
as column
58
2212
787
3.03
19
150
ok
18.90 >=5.45
ok
ok
ok
ok
500
7.5
7.5
109.7
235.25
152.42
84.04
53
as rectangular beam
22 ok
1050 ok
3.04 ok
84
as column
32
1194
393
1.66
Seismic
25
150
32.72
19
100
ok
28.35 >=4.50
19
100
ok
28.35 >=10.91
25
300
ok
16.36 >=4.50
19
200
ok
14.18 >=5.45
25
300
ok
16.36 >=16.36
19
200
ok
14.18 >=5.45
100
7.5
7.5
92.5
128.15
0.00
56.47
100
7.5
7.5
92.5
75.76
0.00
38.67
11.47
53.18
20.20
2/33
ok
ok
ok
ok
Heel side
Normal
100
7.5
7.5
92.5
27.63
0.00
24.70
12.58 ok
1,187.67 ok
1.74 ok
25
180
136
25
180
ok
136 >=68.2
16
200
300
500
7.5
7.5
109.7
144.44
219.11
42.67
25
150
25
300
ok
16.36 >=8.18
19
300
ok
9.45 >=5.45
25
300
16.36
Seismic
25
180
136
25
180
ok
136 >=68.2
500
7.5
7.5
172.5
1210.07
255.17
240.87
Bar arrangement
Upper
(tensile bar)
(bridge axis)
(mm)
spacing (mm)
As1 (cm2)
(mm)
(compressive bar)
(bridge axis)
spacing (mm)
As2' (cm2, >0.5 As2)
(mm)
(distribution bar)
spacing (mm)
Aso (cm2, >As /3)
(mm)
Lower
(tensile bar)
(bridge axis)
spacing (mm)
As2 (cm2)
(mm)
(compressive bar)
(bridge axis)
spacing (mm)
As1' (cm2, >0.5 As1)
(mm)
(distribution bar)
spacing (mm)
Aso (cm2, >As /3)
Design dimensions
Effective width (unit width) (cm)
Concrete cover :
d1(cm)
d2(cm)
Effective height (cm) : d-d1(cm)
Design load
Mf
Nd
S
Required bar (cm2)
Compressive stress
Bending stress
Mean shearing stress
Section B-B
Seismic
44.33 ok
2,825.55 Check
4.07 ok
30.68 ok
1,643.98 ok
2.75 ok
278586750.xls,Input
(3) Parapet
With Impact Plate
Bar arrangement
Back face
(tensile bar)
(vertical)
(mm)
spacing (mm)
As1 (cm2)
(mm)
(compressive bar)
(vertical)
spacing (mm)
As1 (cm2, >As3/2)
(mm)
(distribution bar)
(horizontal)
spacing (mm)
As2 (cm2, >As1/3)
(mm)
Front face
(tensile bar)
(vertical)
spacing (mm)
As3 (cm2, >As1/2)
(mm)
(compressive bar)
(vertical)
spacing (mm)
As3 (cm2, >As1/2)
(mm)
(distribution bar)
(horizontal)
spacing (mm)
As6 (cm2, >As3/3)
Design dimensions
Concrete cover of fronf face (cm)
Concrete cover of back face (cm)
Effective height (cm)
Design load
Mf (t m)
Nd (t)
S (t)
Required bar (cm2)
Compressive stress
Bending stress
Without Impact Plate

Normal
With Impact Plate

Normal
Seismic
12
250
16
250
8.04
16
250
ok
8.04 >=8.04
12
250
ok
4.52 >=4.50
16
125
16.08
12
250
12
12
16
250
ok
8.04 >=5.36
100
7
10
12
250
ok
4.52 >=4.50
16
125
ok
16.08 >=4.50
16
250
ok
8.04 >=5.36
100
33
5.189
0.000
0.000
10
30
1.570
0.000
1.599
10.78
3.14
19.04 ok
1239.88 ok
0 ok
12.92 ok
722.95 ok
0.59 ok
(4) Impact Plate and Corbel

Impact Plate
Upper
Bar arrangement
(main bar)
(mm)
spacing (mm)
As1 (cm2)
(mm)
(distribution bar)
spacing (mm)
As2 (cm2, >As1/6)
Design dimensions
Concrete cover (cm)
Effective height (cm)
Design load
Mf (t m)
Nd (t)
S (t)
Required bar (cm2)
Compressive stress
Bending stress
Corbel
Lower
Upper
16
300
ok
6.70 >=4.50
16
300
ok
6.70 >=4.50
19
150
18.90
12
250
ok
4.52 >=4.50
100
5
25
100
5
25
5.818
-
100
7
23
3.146
-
14.73
8.66
48.88 ok
1447.22 ok
-
37.88 ok
1642.35 ok
-
3/33
19
300
9.45
12
250
ok
4.52 >=4.50
Lower
16
300
ok
6.70 >=4.50
12
250
ok
4.52 >=4.50
100
7
23
278586750.xls,Input
DIMENSIONS OF ABUTMENT
Abutment Type
Super Structure Type
B2
B1
BM-100
T-Beam
Rb1
H1
Rh1
H5
H6
B3
H10
HT
H2
ho
H3
H4
B4
Super structure Type
B5
BT
T-Beam
Dimensions
BT
H1
HT
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
13.05
0.90
0.40
0.40
2.25
1.80
4.95
Hw1
6.60
Hw2
Rh1
7.60
9.00
H1 max
Rb1
0.73
B6
H2
H3
H4
1.45
10.00
0.60
1.00
1.45
Width of impact plate (Corbel), Lp=
H5
H6
H10
ho
Abutment
Width BL
1.00
0.40
11.45
8.60
5.00
0.30
Thickness of impact plate Ft=
Area
B2
No.
m2
Bimp
Body
15
1.45
10
16
11
17
18
H5
3
2
10.00
12
1: 0
H10
11.45
H6
B3
0.00
19
20
21
22'
H2
10.00
22
2.60
0.00
ho
13
6.00
8.60
6.60
0.60
1.392
6.048
0.960
0.192
18.576
9.288
1.620
2.592
3.564
21.600
0.216
0.108
66.156
330.780
3.350
2.700
3.350
3.283
2.700
3.450
1.500
3.150
5.700
4.500
3.700
3.650
12.325
10.900
11.100
10.133
5.900
4.467
1.200
1.300
1.200
0.500
12.600
12.350
4.663
16.330
3.216
0.630
50.155
32.044
2.430
8.165
20.315
97.200
0.799
0.394
236.341
1181.71
17.156
65.923
10.656
1.946
109.598
41.486
1.944
3.370
4.277
10.800
2.722
1.334
271.212
1356.06
12
13
14
1.80
1.80
1.80
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
1.350
1.350
6.750
1.500
1.125
0.750
1.125
0.750
0.000
1.600
1.400
1.600
1.400
Sub-total
Total
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.675
0.675
3.375
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
1.013
1.013
5.063
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
1.890
1.890
9.450
10
11
0.090
0.045
0.00
0.00
0.000
0.000
3.700
3.650
12.350
12.350
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
22'
23
23'
Sub-total
Total
4.633
1.425
1.425
0.045
5.450
2.180
0.080
12.870
1.720
29.700
1.485
61.15
305.74
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
2.00
2.00
8.339
2.565
2.565
0.081
9.810
3.924
0.144
23.166
3.096
59.400
2.970
116.06
580.30
6.275
6.425
6.425
3.750
6.275
6.275
3.417
6.525
4.317
6.525
7.350
12.900
12.600
12.300
12.250
11.175
10.400
10.333
8.900
7.333
4.600
1.200
52.324
16.480
16.480
0.304
61.558
24.623
0.492
151.158
151.158
387.585
21.830
883.99
4419.96
107.567
32.319
31.550
0.992
109.627
40.810
1.488
206.177
206.177
273.240
3.564
1013.51
5067.55
13'
14'
Hw2
7.60
Heel
9.00
B4
B5
2.25
1.80
Unit Weight
Soil
Soil (saturated)
Concrete
Canal Slope
Reaction
Normal
Vn= Rd+Rl=
Seismic
Ve= =Rd=
He=
Surcharge Load : qs=
BT
B6
4.95
1800 kg/m3
2000 kg/m3
2400 kg/m3
Total Surcharge Load (t)

Acting Point (m)
20.475
6.725
0 Slope 1:n
137.96
71.27
12.83
0.70
ton
ton
ton
t/m2
Body
Soil
Hn=0
4/33
Moment
X
Y
t.m/m
t.m/m
Soil
1.00
Distance
X
Y
m
m
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.40
23
5'
7
Vertical
Load
t/m
0.580
2.520
0.400
0.080
7.740
3.870
0.675
1.080
1.485
9.000
0.090
0.045
27.565
137.83
Toe
14
unit
weight
t/m3
1
2
3
4
5
5'
6
7
8
9
10
11
Sub-total
Total
0.00
Hw1
LOAD AND MOMENT

B1
HT
13.05
0.45
0.30
0.45
WEIGHT OF ABUTMENT
H1
Unit :m
Support
from Parapet
Toe
Heel
Xo=Mx/V
3.572 m
0.75 m
7.617 m
2.00
2.00
Yo=My/V
4.1 m
1.4 m
8.733 m
278586750.xls,Stability
EARTH PRESSURE
q
1.45
H10
11.45
HT
13.05
qs
Parameters
qa1
H1
H2
10.00
6.60
0.60
1.00
qw2
7.60
H3
H4
qa2
qu1
qa3
qu2
9.00
qs :
q' :
:
sat:
:
:
1:
2:
E1:
E2:
:
c:
kh :
surcharge load (t/m2)

surcharge load (t/m2) (=0)
ground surface angle (degree)
internal friction angle (degree)
friction angle between earth and wall (degree) normal
friction angle between earth and earth (degree) normal
friction angle between earth and wall (degree) seismic
friction angle between earth and earth (degree) seismic
wall angle (degree)
cohesion of soil (t/m2)
(do not consider)
ground surface angle (radian)
0.000
:
1:
internal friction angle (radian)

friction angle between earth and wall (radian) normal
0.524
0.349
2:
friction angle between earth and earth (radian) normal
0.000
E1:
E2:
:
:
E:
friction angle between earth and wall (radian) seismic

friction angle between earth and earth (radian) seismic
wall angle (radian)
tan-1 kh (radian)
internal friction angle seismic condition /2(radian)
uplift coefficient
0.262
0.422
0.000
0.178
0.262
1.0
Uc:
BT
0.7
0.0
1.8
2
0.0
30.0
20.0 (=2/3)
0
15 (=1/2)
24.2
0.0
0.0
0.18
Earth Pressure
Normal Condition
Pa :
Ka 1:
Ka 2:
y:
X:
PV :
PH :
Seismic Condition
Description
active earth pressure (t/m2/m)
coefficient of active earth pressure, earth and earth
coefficient of active earth pressure, wall and earth
Vertical acting point
Horizontal acting point = BT
Vertical Pressure = Pa sin
Horizontal Pressure = Pa cos
qa1 =
qa2 =
qa3 =
qw2 =
qu1 =
qu2 =
0.333
0.333
0.333
-6.600
-6.60
-7.60
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.70
5.45
7.60
1.00
1.0
1.0
x
x
1.80
2.00
56.061
0.333
0.297
4.406
9.0
0
56.061
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.233
3.270
5.067
-6.600
-6.60
-7.60
No.
Pu1 =
Pu2 =
Total
Description
coefficient of active earth pressure
y:
X:
PV :
PH :

Horizontal acting point = BT
Vertical Pressure = Pea sin E
Horizontal Pressure = Pea cos E
qa1 =
qa2 =
qa3 =
qw2 =
qu1 =
qu2 =
Normal condition
No.
Pa1 =
Pa2 =
Pa2' =
Pa3 =
Total (Pa)
Pw2 =
Total
Pea :
Kea1 :
0.438
0.438
0.438
-6.600
-6.60
-7.60
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.00
5.45
7.60
1.00
1.0
1.0
x
x
69.725
0.438
0.433
4.284
9.0
28.582
63.598
1.80
2.00
=
=
=
=
0.000
4.301
6.664
-6.600
-6.60
-7.60
Seismic condition
Description
13.050
5.450
x
7.600
7.600
x
0.233
3.270
3.270
5.067
x
x
x
x
0.500
=
=
=
=
-6.600
6.600
0.500
-6.600
-7.600
x
x
Description
9.000
x
9.000
x
0.500
0.500
=
=
0.500
H
3.045
8.911
24.852
19.253
56.061
-21.780
-21.780
Y
6.525
9.417
3.800
2.533
4.406
2.200
2.200
HY
19.869
83.910
94.438
48.775
246.991
-47.916
-47.916
No.
Pa1=
Pa2 =
Pa2' =
Pa3 =
Total
Pw2 =
Total
V
-29.700
-34.200
-63.900
X
VX
3.000 -89.100
6.000 -205.200
4.606 -294.300
No.
Pu1 =
Pu2 =
Total
5/33
Description
13.050
5.450
x
7.600
7.600
x
0.000
4.301
4.301
6.664
x
x
x
x
-6.600
6.600
-6.60
-7.60
x
x
Description
9.000
x
9.000
x
0.500
=
=
=
=
0.500
0.500
0.500
=
=
0.500
H
0.000
11.719
32.685
25.321
69.725
-21.780
-21.780
Y
6.525
9.417
3.800
2.533
4.284
2.200
2.200
HY
0.000
110.356
124.202
64.148
298.705
-47.916
-47.916
V
-29.700
-34.200
-63.900
X
VX
3.000 -89.100
6.000 -205.200
4.606 -294.300
STABILITY ANALYSIS
Case 1
Normal Condition
1 Moment and Acting Point
Description
V Load
HLoad
V (t)
H (t)
Body
Soil
Toe
Heel
Reaction (bridge)
Earth Pressure
Hydrostatic pressure
Uplift pressure
Surcharge Load
Distance (m)
X
Y
Moment (t.m)
Mx
My
330.78
3.57
4.10
1181.55
0.00
6.75
0.75
1.40
5.06
0.00
580.30
7.62
8.73
4420.13
0.00
137.96
0.00
2.70
11.60
372.50
0.00
0.00
280.31
9.00
4.41
0.00
1234.95
0.00
(108.90)
(319.50)
2.20
4.61
20.48
0.00
756.76
171.41
Combined Acting Point

Xo=(Mx-My)/V
Eccentric Distance
e=(BT/2-Xo)
0.00
-0.323 m
(239.58)
Bending Moment M =V x e
(1471.50)
6.73
4.823 m
137.69
0.00
4645.43
995.37
-244.61 t.m
2 Stability Analysis
2.1 Over Turnng
e<=(BT/6)
e=
BT/6=
-0.323 m
1.500 m
BT/6 is larger than e?
OK
Fs is larger than 2.0 ?
OK
2.2 Sliding
Shearing registance force at base
Hu=V . Tan b
Safety Rate against sliding
Fs=Hu/H
0.60
454.06 tf
2.649
2.3 Settlement
Allowale bearing capacity Qa

Reaction from the Foundation
20.83 tf/m2
V
6M
Q max( min)=
BLBT BLBT 2
H
Q min
Q max
Maximiun Fondation Reaction Q max

Q max =
13.193 tf/m2
Qmax is smaller than Qa? OK
Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max

Q min =
20.441 tf/m2
Case 2
BT
Seismic Condition
1 Moment and Acting Point
Description
V Load
HLoad
V (t)
H (t)
Body
Soil
330.78
Toe
Heel
Reaction (bridge)
Earth Pressure
Uplift pressue
Surcharge Load
59.54
Distance (m)
X
Y
Moment (t.m)
Mx
My
3.57
4.10
1181.5
244.12
0.75
1.40
5.06
0.00
104.45
7.62
8.73
4420.1
912.2
71.27
12.83
2.70
12.33
192.43
158.12
142.91
317.99
9.00
4.28
1286.2
1362.3
6.75
580.3
(108.90)
(319.50)
2.20
4.61
0.00
0.00
812.5
385.91
Combined Acting Point

Xo=(Mx-My)/V
Eccentric Distance
e=(BT/2-Xo)
-0.623 m
(47.92)
Bending Moment M =V x e
(294.30)
9.00
5.123 m
4.41
0.00
0.00
6791
2628.8
-505.98 t.m
2 Stability Analysis
2.1 Over Turnng
e<=(BT/3)
e=
BT/3=
-0.623 m
3.000 m
BT/3 is larger than e?
OK
Fs is larger than 1.25 ?
OK
2.2 Sliding
Shearing registance force at base
Hu=V . Tan b
Safety Rate anaginst sliding
Fs=Hu/H
0.6
487.51 tf
1.263
2.3 Settlement
Allowale bearing capacity Qa
31.25 tf/m2
e > BT/6 ?
e
V
in case e<BT/6
in case e>BT/6
V
6M
Q max( min)=
BLBT BLBT 2
X=3(BT/2-e) =
Maximiun Fondation Reaction Q max

Q max =
10.560 tf/m2
Foundation Reaction Qe
Q=2V/(BL.X)=
21.148 tf/m2
15.368 m
Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max

Q min =
25.552 tf/m2
Qmax is smaller than Qa? OK
Qmax =
Qmin =
X=
X
Qe is smaller than Qa? OK
BT
10.56 tf/m2
25.55 tf/m2
9.00 m
6/33
Bearing Capacity of soil

(1) Design Data
B
B
=
=
cB
30.00 o
9.00 m
=
=
s'
0.00 t/m2
1.60 m
=
=
1.00 t/m3
5.00 m
(=satw)
(2) Ultimate Bearing Capacity of soil, (qu)

Calculation of ultimate bearing capacity will be obtained by appliying the following
Terzaghi's formula :
qu
c Nc + s' z Nq + s' B N
Shape factor (Table 2.5 of KP-06)
1.21
Shape of footing
0.40
rectangular, B x L
1.00
1.30
1.21
(= 1.09 + 0.21 B/L)
(= 1.09 + 0.21 L/B)
1.30
Shape of footing
1 strip
2 square
3 rectangular, B x L
(B < L)
(B > L)
4 circular, diameter = B
0.50
0.40
0.40
0.30
Bearing capacity factor (Figure 2.3 of KP-06, by Capper)

Nc
36.0
Nq
Nc
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
37
39 >
c Nc
s' z Nq
s' B N
qu
5.7
7.0
9.0
12.0
17.0
24.0
36.0
57.0
70.0
82.0
=
=
=
23.0
Nq
0.0
1.4
2.7
4.5
7.5
13.0
23.0
44.0
50.0
50.0
N
0.0
0.0
0.2
2.3
4.7
9.5
20.0
41.0
55.0
73.0
20.0
0.000
36.800
72.000
108.80 t/m2
(3) Allowable Bearing Capacity of soil, (qa)

qa
qu / 3
36.27 t/m2
(safety factor =
, normal condition)
qae
qu / 2
54.40 t/m2
(safety factor =
, seismic condition)
7/33
STRUCTURAL CALCULATION
A
ABUTMENT BODY
Load and Bending Moment of Abutment Body

Klik untuk menghitung
B1
Dimensions
B1
B2
B3
0.90
0.40
0.40
Hw1
Hw2
5.00
6.00
Abutment Width
Bw=
5.00
m
Seismic Coefficient
Support from Parapet
B2
Lp
H1
1.45
0.60
1
10
3
11
H5
Plat Form of Impact Plate (Lp) =

kh=
0.18
hs=
0.45
m
H5
1.00
H6
0.40
0.30
Mi=
Mx+My
tf.m/m
2.966
12.846
1.834
0.332
22.737
2.006
0.297
0.149
43.167
215.834
Section B-B
Where Hw1' is considered, this section is same as groundwater level.
Wehre Hw1' is not considered, this section is just half of (H1 + H2).
Distance AB:
6.00
m
B-B section
Normal
Vertical Distance
No.
Load
X
t/m
m
1
1.392
-0.514
2
6.048
0.136
3
0.960
-0.514
4
0.192
-0.447
5
5.616
0.136
5'
1.698
-0.405
10
0.216
-0.864
11
0.108
-0.814
16.230
Total
81.149
Seismic
Moment Horizontal Distance
Mx
Load
Y
tf.m/m
t/m
m
-0.715
0.251
4.725
0.823
1.089
3.300
-0.493
0.173
3.500
-0.086
0.035
2.867
0.764
1.011
1.300
-0.687
0.306
0.867
-0.187
0.039
4.700
-0.088
0.019
4.450
-0.669
2.921
-3.347
14.607
Moment
My
tf.m/m
1.184
3.593
0.605
0.099
1.314
0.265
0.183
0.087
7.329
36.643
Mi=
Mx+My
tf.m/m
0.468
4.415
0.111
0.013
2.078
-0.422
-0.004
-0.001
6.659
33.296
B5
(H1+H2)/2
ho
8.60
5.73
or
5.00
5'
Hw1'
6.00
A
(0,0)
unit:m
ho
8.60
Moment
My
tf.m/m
2.687
10.124
1.642
0.306
14.378
4.793
0.416
0.203
34.549
172.746
B3
H2
10.00
Load and Bending Moment due to Super Structure

Normal
Vertical Distance
Load
X
t/m
m
No.
Section A-A
Normal
Rd + Rl
Seismic
Rd
Section B-B
Normal
Rd + Rl
Seismic
Rd
H2
10.00
Seismic
Moment Horizontal Distance
Mx
Load
Y
tf.m/m
t/m
m
0.278
0.251
10.725
2.722
1.089
9.300
0.192
0.173
9.500
0.026
0.035
8.867
8.359
3.344
4.300
-2.786
1.672
2.867
-0.119
0.039
10.700
-0.054
0.019
10.450
8.618
6.620
43.088
33.102
H6
H1
1.45
A-A section
Normal
Vertical Distance
No.
Load
X
t/m
m
1
1.392
0.200
2
6.048
0.450
3
0.960
0.200
4
0.192
0.133
5
18.576
0.450
5'
9.288
-0.300
10
0.216
-0.550
11
0.108
-0.500
36.780
Total
183.900
B5
1.80
Moment
Mx
tf.m/m
Seismic
Horizontal Distance
Load
Y
t/m
m
Moment
My
tf.m/m
Mi=
Mx+My
tf.m/m
137.962
71.272
0.45
0.45
62.083
32.072
0.00
12.83
0.00
10.97
0.00
140.69
62.083
172.763
137.962
71.272
0.45
0.45
62.083
32.072
0.00
12.83
0.00
4.97
0.00
63.72
62.083
95.790
Load and Bending Moment due to Earth and Water Pressure

1) Section B-B
a) Normal Condition
q1=
qs*Ka
(qs+*H)*Ka
q2=
(q1+q2)*(1/2)*H*cos
EaH=
y=
[H*(2q1+q2)]/[3*(q1+q2)]
S=
EaH*Bw
My=
EaH*Bw*y
where,
qs
Ka2
y
S
Bw
Surcharge Load
Unit weight of soil
Unit weight of saturated soil
friction angle between earth and wall
depth11
Acting Point (m)
Shearing Force(tf)
Abutment Width
q1=
q2=
Eah=
y=
S=
My=
0.208
3.125
8.534
1.930
42.672
82.362
tf/m
tf/m
tf/m
m
tf
tf.m
0.70
0.297
1.8
2.0
0.3491
5.45
tf/m2
qa1
H= 5.45
qa2
H1+H2
11.45
6.00
5.00
tf/m3
tf/m3
radian
m
qw2
qa3
5.00 m
8/33
278586750.xls, Body
b) Seismic Condition
qe1=
q'*Kea
(q'+*H)*Kea
qe2=
(qe1+qe2)*(1/2)*H*cos
EeH=
y=
[H*(2qe1+qe2)]/[3*(qe1+qe2)]
S=
EeH*Bw
My=
EeH*Bw*y
where,
q'
Kea
y
S
Bw
qe1=
qe2=
EaH=
y=
S=
My=
Surcharge Load (seismic)

Unit weight of soil
friction angle between earth and wall
0.000
4.301
11.320
1.817
56.599
102.822
0
0.438
1.8
0.2618
5.45
Acting Point (m)

Shearing Force(tf)
Abutment Width
tf/m
tf/m
tf/m
m
tf
tf.m/m
tf/m2
tf/m3
radian
m
5.00 m
2) Section A-A
a) Normal Condition
Description
= Pa . cos
EaH :
Ka2 :
y:
S=EaH*Bw
My=S*y
qa1 =
qa2 =
qa3 =
qw2 =
0.297
0.297
0.297
-5.000
No.
Pa1 =
0.208
Pa2 =
2.917
Pa2' =
2.917
Pa3 =
3.568
Total (Pa),per m
Pw2 =
-5.000
Total, per m
Total (per width)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.70
5.45
6.00
1.00
y=
S=
My=
x
x
1.80
2.00
Description
11.450
5.450
x
6.000
6.000
x
5.000
width =
5.00
0.500
=
=
=
=
0.500
0.500
=
=
=
=
0.208
2.917
3.568
-5.000
H
2.383
7.948
17.500
10.703
38.534
-12.500
-12.500
-62.500
b) Seismic Condition
Description
= Pa . cos
Pea :
Kea :
y:
S=EaH*Bw
My=S*y
qa1 =
qa2 =
qa3 =
qw2 =
0.438
0.438
0.438
-5.000
No.
Pa1=
0.000
Pa2 =
4.301
Pa2' =
4.301
Pa3 =
5.261
Total
(per m)
Pw2 =
-5.000
Total
(per m)
Total
(per width)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
0.00
5.45
6.00
1.00
y=
S=
My=
x
x
1.80
2.00
Description
11.450
5.450
x
6.000
6.000
x
5.000
width=
5.00
=
=
=
=
0.500
=
=
=
=
0.500
0.500
36.210
0.297
3.884
181.051
703.241
Y
5.725
7.817
3.000
2.000
3.884
1.667
1.667
HY
13.643
62.126
52.500
21.407
149.675
-20.833
-20.833
-104.167
51.489
0.438
3.763
257.443
968.728
0.000
4.301
5.261
-5.000
H
0.000
11.719
25.804
15.782
53.305
-12.500
-12.500
-62.500
Y
5.725
7.817
3.000
2.000
3.763
1.667
1.667
HY
0.000
91.605
77.411
31.564
200.580
-20.833
-20.833
-104.167
Summary of Intersectional Force

Description
Section A-A
Abutment Body
Reaction at Abutment
Earth Pressure
Total
Section B-B
Abutment Body
Reaction at Abutment
Earth Pressure
Total
Normal Condition
Moment
Load
Shearing
M (tfm)
N (tf)
S (tf)
Seismic Condition
Moment
Load
Shearing
M (tfm)
N (tf)
S (tf)
43.09
62.08
-104.17
703.24
704.25
183.90
137.96
0.00
0.00
321.86
0.00
0.00
-62.50
181.05
118.55
172.75
172.76
-104.17
968.73
1,210
183.90
71.27
0.00
0.00
255.17
33.10
12.83
-62.50
257.44
240.87
0.00
62.08
0.00
82.36
144
81.15
137.96
0.00
0.00
219.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
42.67
42.67
36.64
95.79
0.00
102.82
235
81.15
71.27
0.00
0.00
152.42
14.61
12.83
0.00
56.60
84.04
9/33
1.3775192
1.2484236
278586750.xls, Body
Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Rectangular Beam,

1) Cracking Moment
Normal Condition
Section A-A
Mc= Zc*('ck + N/Ac)
=
where, Mc
Zc
Cracking Moment
Section Modulus
b=100 cm
Zc=1/6*b*h12
Tensile strength of Concrete (bending)
'ck
42832788 kgf.cm/m
905 tf.m/m
kgf.cm
428 tf.m/m
kgf.cm
2,700,000 cm3
'ck = 0.5*ck2/3
ck=
175
kgf/cm2
Axial force
Area of Concrete = b*h1
thickness of section, B5
N
Ac
h1
b
Section B-B
Mc= 90516242 kgf.cm/m
1,144,835 cm3
15.6 kgf/cm2
321,862
18000
180
500
15.6 kgf/cm2
kg
cm2
cm
cm
255,172
11721
117
500
Section A-A
1) Design Bending Moment
Mf=
sa=
j=
k=
n=
ca=
d=
d1=
h1=
Allowable Stress R-bar

1 - k/3
n / (n + sa / ca)
Young's modulus ratio
Allowable Stress Concrete
Effective height
= h1-d1
7.5
cm
180
cm
704 tf.m/m
144 tf.m/m
53 cm2
1850 kgf/cm2
0.854
0.438
24
60 kgf/cm2
173 cm
1850 kgf/cm2
0.854
0.438
24
60 kgf/cm2
173 cm
Mu= As*sy { d - 0.5*[As*sy]/[0.85*ck*b]}

Mu=
1,297 tf.m
3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu=
As=
sy=
'ck=
b=
Section B-B
As_req= Mf / ( sa*j*d)
As_req=
258 cm2
2) Required Bar Area
Ultimate Bending Moment

Area of Tensile Bar
Yielding point of Tensile Bar
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
Design Compressive Strength of Concrete
Effective Width
4) Checking : Single or Double Bar Arrangement
3000 kgf/cm2
175 kgf/cm2
500 cm
kg
cm2
cm
cm
273 tf.m
3000 kgf/cm2
175 kgf/cm2
500 cm
M1=
M1=
(d/Cs)2*sa*b
1,669 tf.m
1,669 tf.m
sa=
ca=
12.844
0.854
0.438
31
1850 kgf/cm2
60 kgf/cm2
12.844
0.854
0.438
31
1850 kgf/cm2
60 kgf/cm2
M1=
Mf=
1,669 tf.m
704 tf.m
1,669 tf.m
144 tf.m
M1= Resistance moment

Cs=
j=
k=
n=
{ 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2
1 - k/3
n / (n + ssa / sca)
sa/ca
Check : M1 > Mf ?
Mf < Ml : Tensile Bar Only
Mf < Ml : Tensile Bar Only
(a) Tensile Bar

Max Bar Area :
2%*b*d
Min Bar Area :
4.5%*b
Estimation of Required Bar Area :
As max =
As min =
As_req=
Apply
b/pitch=
As=
Required Bar Nos :

Bar Area :
1,725 cm2
23 cm2
53 cm2
25 @ 180
28 nos
136 cm2
ok
ok
As1= Mf / {sa*j*d}
As1=
258 cm2
As2=
14 cm2
Resistance Moment by Tensile bar As2
sa=
d=
d2=
h
1,725 cm2
23 cm2
258 cm2
25 @ 90
56 nos
273 cm2
1850 kgf/cm2
172.5 cm
7.5 cm
Mrs= sa*As2*(d-d2)
Mrs=
44 tf.m
d1
83 cm2
53 cm2
1850 kgf/cm2
109.7093 cm
7.5 cm
100 tf.m
As=As1+As2
(b) Compressive Bar ( in case Mf > Ml )
M' =
M'=
d2
d1
As
Required Bar Area :
0 tf.m
As'_req= M' / [sa*(d - d2)]

As'_req=
0 cm2
M1=
1,669 tf.m
Mf=
704 tf.m
As'
h
Mf - M1
d=
d2=
sa=
As'_req=
Apply =
172.5
0
1850
0
10/33
cm
cm
kgf/cm2
cm2
0 tf.m
0 cm2
1,669 tf.m
144 tf.m
172.5
0
1850
0
cm
cm
kgf/cm2
cm2
278586750.xls, Body
Bar Area :
As' =
0 cm2
11/33
ok
0 cm2
ok
278586750.xls, Body
5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Tensile Bar Only
s =
Mf=
S=
Mf/(As*j*d)=
704 tf.m
119 tf
1,676 kgf/cm2
c =
m =
p=
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
33 kgf/cm2
2 kgf/cm2
0.003
k=
j=
{(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p=
1-k/3=
b=
d=
n=
ok
ok
ok
0.321
0.893
500 cm
172.5 cm
24
144 tf.m
241 tf
1,050 kgf/cm2
22 kgf/cm2
3 kgf/cm2
0.002
ok
ok
ok
0.240
0.920
500 cm
172.5 cm
24
x=kd
h
d
As
d1
(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Mf=
S=
0 tf.m
0 tf
0 tf.m
0 tf
c =
s =
s' =
m =
p=
p'=
Mf/(b*d2*Lc)=
n*c*(1-k)/k=
n*c*(k-d2/d)/k=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
p'=As'/(b*d)=
0
0
0
0
0.003
0.000
k=
Lc=
{n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')=
0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)=
0.321
0.143
0.240
0.110
j=
(1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)=
b=
b
d2=
d2
d=
n=
x=kd
As'
0.893
500 cm
0 cm
172.5 cm
24
0.920
500 cm
0 cm
172.5 cm
24
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
ok
0
0
0
0
0.002
0.000
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
ok
As
d1
12/33
278586750.xls, Body
Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Column,

1) Minimum Area as Column
Acmin =
sa=
ca=
N=
Acdes=
Seismic Condition
Section A-A
N / (0.008*sa+ca)
Allowable stress of Reinforcement bar
Allowable stress of Concrete
Axial force
b*h
Minimum Reinforcement Bar

(a) As a beam
(b) As a column
4.5% * b
0.8% * Acmin
Maximum Reinforcement Bar

(a) As a beam
(b) As a column
2%*b*d
6% * Ac
2,274
2775
90
255
90,000
cm2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
tf
>
Section B-B
Acmin
1,358
2775
90
152
58,605
ok
cm2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
tf
>
As min=
As min=
23 cm2
18 cm2
23 cm2
11 cm2
As max =
As max =
1,725 cm2
5,400 cm2
1,097 cm2
3,516 cm2
Acmin
ok
2) Required Reinforcement Bar

Design Bending Moment
Mf=
1,210 tf.m
As_req= {[c*(s/2)-N/(b*d)]/sa}*b*d
As_req=
237 cm2
c= Stress of concrete
c=
235 tf.m
56 cm2
72.09 kg.cm2
50.15 kg.cm2
Eq1= c3 + [3*sa/(2*n)-3*Ms/(b*d2)]*c2 - 6*Ms/(n*b*d2)*sa*c - 3*Ms/(n2*b*d2)*sa2 = 0

sa=
Ms=
e=
M=
N=
n=
c=
h=
b=
d1=
d=
s=
Allowable stress of Reinforcement Bar

Eccentric Moment, Ms=N(e+c)
Essentric Distance e=M/N
Axial Force
c=h/2 - d1
Height of Section
Width of section
Concrete Cover
Effective Width of section d=h-d1
n*c/(n*c+sa)
2775
1.4E+008
474.22
1,210
255
16
82.5
180
500
8
173
0.294
kg.cm2
kgf.cm
cm
tf.m
tf
2775
31314871
154.34
235
152
16
51.104651
117
500
8
110
0.224
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
[3*sa/(2*n)-3*Ms/(b*d2)]=
232
245
6*Ms/(n*b*d2)*sa=
9,936
5,415
3*Ms/(n2*b*d^2)*sa2= 861,643
c (trial)=
72
Eq1 (trial)=
0 ok
cross check
0 ok
c (trial)=
Eq1 (trial)=
cross check
kg.cm2
kgf.cm
cm
tf.m
tf
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
469,571
50
0 re-check
0 ok

Mu= c*(h/2-0.4X)+Ts'(h/2-d2)+Ts(h/2-d1)
Mu= Ultimate Bending Moment (tf.m)
Mu=
Mu= Min (Mu1,Mu2)
c=
ck=
b=
X=
Ts'=
As'=
As=
Es=
cu=
h=
d1=
d2=
1,460 tf.m
in case X>0
Mu1= 1.5E+008
0.68*ck*b*X
design strength of Concrete
Width of section
solve the equation Eq2 below
As'*Es*cu*(X-d2)/X
Compressive Bar, As'=0.5 As
Required Reinforcement Bar (Tensile)
Young's modulus (reinforcement bar)
Creep strain coefficient (concrete)
Height of Section
Concrete Cover (tensile side)
Concrete Cover (compressive side)
672859
175
500
11.309
293344
119
237
2,100,000
0
180
7.5
7.5
284 tf.m
in case X<0
1.9E+008
in case X>0
28402759
-1155.34
366281.83
175
500
6.156
-45127
28
56
2,100,000
0
117
7.5
7.5
kg/cm2
cm
-9.709
1543872
cm
cm
cm
in case X<0
37876729
-503.65
kg/cm2
cm
-4.232
572980
cm
cm
cm
Eq2 = *X2 + (-Ts-N)*X-*d2 = 0
Ts=
sy=
N=
0.68*ck*b
59500
As'*Es*cu
871013
As*sy
711031
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
3000 kgf/cm2
Axial Force
255172 kgf
put a,b,c as follows :

a=
59500
b= -Ts-N =
-95190
c= - *d2 = -6532600
then,
59500
206698
168733
3000 kgf/cm2
152421 kgf
59500
-114456
-1550237
X=
(-b + (b2-4ac)0.2 ) / (2*a)=
11.309
6.156
X=
(-b - (b2-4ac)0.2 ) / (2*a)=
-9.709
-4.232
13/33
278586750.xls, Body
4) Bar Arrangement
d
d2
d1
Max Bar Area :
Min Bar Area :
(a) Tensile Bar
Required Bar Area
Apply =
Column width
Bar Area
As max =
As min =
1,725 cm2
23 cm2
1,097 cm2
23 cm2
As req=
237 cm2
25 @ 90
500 cm2
273 cm2
ok
56 cm2
25 @ 180
500 cm2
136 cm2
ok
ok
28 cm2
25 @ 180
500 cm2
136 cm2
ok
b=
As =
(b) Compressive Bar

Required Bar Area
Apply =
Column width
Bar Area
As' req=
b=
As' =
(c ) Hoop Bar
' min =
Minimum Diameter
' =
Apply
Bar Interval shall satisfy the following conditions:
d =
t < 12* =
t < 48* '=
then
t=
119 cm2
25 @ 180
500 cm2
136 cm2
12 mm
16 mm
1725
300
768
200
mm
mm
mm
mm
12 mm
16 mm
ok
1097.093
300
768
200
mm
mm
mm
mm
ok
5) Checking of Allowable Stress, Seismic Condition

s =
c =
m =
p=
k=
j=
b
Mf=
S=
Mf/(As*j*d)=
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
{(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p=
1-k/3=
b=
d=
n=
x=kd
1,210 tf.m
241 tf
2,828 kgf/cm2
66
3
0.00316
0.27149
0.90950
500
172.5
16
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
check
ok
ok
cm
cm
235 tf.m
84 tf
1,713 kgf/cm2
35
2
0.00249
0.24505
0.91832
500
109.7093
16
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
cm
cm
d
As
d1

Mf=
S=
1,210 tf.m
241 tf
c =
s =
s' =
m =
p=
p'=
Mf/(b*d2*Lc)=
n*c*(1-k)/k=
n*c*(k-d2/d)/k=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
p'=As'/(b*d)=
60
2,793
790
3
0.003
0.002
k=
Lc=
{n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')=
0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)=
0.254
0.137
j=
(1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)=
b=
b
d2=
d2
d=
n=
x=kd
As'
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
0.921
500 cm
7.5 cm
172.5 cm
16
235 tf.m
84 tf
ok
check
ok
ok
30
1,697
337
2
0.002
0.002
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
ok
0.223
0.129
0.927
500 cm
7.5 cm
109.7093 cm
16
As
d1
14/33
278586750.xls, Body
Check for Stress of Concrete and Reinforcement bar as Column

Height of section
Effective width
Concrete cover
h
b
d1
d2
As
As'
Mf
N
S
n
c
e
a1
b1
c1
x
Reinforcement bar
Morment
Axcis force
Shearing force
Neutral line
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm2
cm2
kgf/cm
kgf
kgf
a2
b2
b3
b4
b5
b6
c
s
s'
c
Stressing
Section A-A
Normal
Seismic
180
180
500
500
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
273
273
0
136
7.04.E+07
1.21.E+08
321,862
255,172
118,551
240,874
24
16
83
83
219
474
386
1153
23665
39405
-4082130
-5105274
72
51
0
0
ok
ok
18005
12697
66
73
7497
7088
65
43
7497
7088
100
122
29.04 ok
57.70
972.30 ok
2212.39
624.33 ok
786.83
1.49 ok
3.03
Section B-B
ok
ok
ok
ok
Normal
117
500
7.5
7.5
136
0
1.44.E+07
219,111
42,672
24
51
66
22
4596
-504172
56
0
ok
14036
40
2979
49
2979
54
16.71
382.67
347.50
0.84
Seismic
117
500
7.5
7.5
136
136
2.35.E+07
152,421
84,035
16
51
154
287
8081
-610343
33
0
ok
8208
48
3396
25
3396
77
31.87
1193.79
393.38
1.66
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
ok
SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION

Section A-A
Description
Abbr.
unit
Calculation Condition
Principle Dimensions
Effective width of section
Height of Section
Concrete Cover (tensile)
Concrete Cover (compressive)
Effective height of Section
Allowable Stress
Concrete
Re-Bar
Shearing
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar
c
b
h
d1
d2
d
ca
sa
a
sy
kgf/m2
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/cm2
Required
Designed
As_req.
As
cm2
cm2
Compressive Bar
Required
Designed
As'_req.
As'
cm2
cm2
Hoop Bar
Designed
Aso
Design Load
Design Axis Force
Shearing Force
Mf
Nd
S
Normal Condition
Rectangular Beam
175
500
180
7.5
7.5
172.5
60
1850
5.5
3000
Section B-B
Seismic Condition
Column
175
500
180
7.5
7.5
172.5
90
2775
8.25
3000
258
273
D25@90
0
0
Normal Condition
Rectangular Beam
175
500
117
7.5
7.5
109.7093
60
1850
5.5
3000
237
273
D25@90
119
136
D25@180
Seismic Condition
Column
175
500
117
7.5
7.5
109.7093
90
2775
8.25
3000
53
136
D25@180
0
0
D16@200
56
136
D25@180
28
136
D25@180
D16@200
tf.m
tf
tf
704
322
119
1,210
255
241
144
219
43
235
152
84
tf.m
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
1,297
1,725
23
258
273
1,460
1,725
23
356
409
273
1,725
23
53
136
284
1,097
23
84
273
n
d
c
s
s'
m
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
24
172.5
33 ok
1,676 ok
2 ok
16
172.5
24
109.7093
22 ok
1,050 ok
3 ok
c
s
s'
m
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Checking of Minimum Re-Bar

Max Re-bar
Min Re-bar
Required Bar
Area of Re-bar for Design
Mu
As max
As min
As req.
As_tot=As+As'
Checking of Allowable Stress

Rectangular Beam
Effective height
Compressive Stress
Bending Tensile Stress
Mean Shearing Stress
Column
Compressive Stress
Bending Stress
Shearing Stress
29
972
624
1
15/33
ok
ok
ok
ok
58
2,212
787
3
ok
ok
ok
ok
17
383
347
1
ok
ok
ok
ok
16
109.7093
32
1,194
393
2
ok
ok
ok
ok
278586750.xls, Body
FOOTING
Load and Bending Moment of Footing

1) Computation Conditions
Normal Condition
l1
Toe Side
M
(0,0)
Ra'
Ra=Qmax
Q min
Q max
B4
BT
Heel Side
l2
M
Seismic Condition
(0,0)
Ra=Qmin
Ra'
X
B6
BT
2) Footing
B5
B4
H3
F1
H4
B6
F2
6
F1
sub-total
Distance l1
Heel Side
8
F3
sub-total
Distance l2
1800
2400
700
0
normal condition
unit
Vertical Distance
Moment
weight
Load
X
Mx
m2
tf/m3
tf/m
m
tf.m/m
0.675
2.4
1.620
0.750
1.215
2.250
2.4
5.400
1.125
6.075
7.020
7.290
1.038 m
l1 (X)
seismic condition
Horizontal Distance Moment
Load
Y
My
tf/m
m
tf.m/m
0.292
1.200
0.350
0.972
0.500
0.486
1.264
0.836
0.662 m
l1 (Y)
normal condition
unit
Vertical Distance
Moment
weight
Load N
X
Mx
m2
tf/m3
tf/m
m
tf.m/m
1.485
2.400
3.564
1.650
5.881
4.950
2.400
11.880
2.475
29.403
15.444
35.284
l2 (X)
2.285 m
seismic condition
Horizontal Distance Moment
Load
Y
My
tf/m
m
tf.m/m
0.642
1.300
0.834
2.138
0.500
1.069
2.780
1.903
l2 (Y)
0.685 m
Area
No.
BT
9.00
H3
0.60
unit:m
HT
13.05
HT-H3-H4
11.45
H4
1.00
Unit Weight of Material

Soil
Concrete
Surcharge Load q
q'= q seismic
F3
Area
No.
B6
4.95
BT
Toe Side
Dimensions
B4
B5
2.25
1.80
Abutment Width
Bw=
5.00
kgf/m3
kgf/m3
kgf/m3
kgf/m3
1.80
2.40
0.70
0
tf/m3
tf/m3
tf/m3
tf/m3
Seismic Coefficient
Kh=
0.18
3) Earth Pressure, Heel Side Only

Dead Load (soil)
Distance l3=Xo-(B4+B5)
Bending Moment Md
Normal Condition
W1=
116.060 tf/m
l3=
2.379 m
Md=
276.157 tf.m/m
Seismic Condition
We1=
116.060 tf/m
l3=
2.379 m
Mde=
276.157 tf.m/m
Surcharge Load W2=q*B6

Distance l4=B6/2
Bending Moment Ms
W2=
l4=
Ms=
We2=
l4=
Mse=
Vertical Earth Pressure Pv=

Pv=sin *{ (1/2)*Ka**HT^2 + q*Ka*HT}
Coefficient of active earth pressure
Angle between earth and wall
Distance l5 =B6*(2/3)
Bending Moment Me
Pv=
12.813 tf/m
Pve=
13.237 tf/m
Ka=
=
l5 =
Me=
0.297
0.3491 radian
3.300
42.284 tf.m/m
Kea=
e=
l5 =
Mee=
0.433
0.2618 radian
3.300 m
43.683 tf.m/m
3.465 tf/m
2.475 m
8.576 tf.m/m
16/33
0.000 tf/m
2.475 m
0.000 tf.m/m
278586750.xls, Footing
4) Reaction from Foundation

Normal Q max
13.193
Qmin
20.441
Seismic Qmax
10.560
Qmin
25.552
X
9.000
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
m
Reaction from Foundation, Toe Side

Normal Condition
Rat=
Q max
Ra't=
Q max-(B4/BT)*(Q max - Qmin)
Seismic Condition
Reat=
Q
Rea't=
Q*(X-B4)/X
Reaction from Foundation, Heel Side
Normal Condition
Rah=
Q min
Ra'h=
Q max-[(B4+B5)/BT]*(Q max - Qmin)
Seismic Condition
Reah'=
Q*(X-B4-B5)/X
Reah=
Qmin
Reah'=
Q*(X-B4-B5)/X
Reah=
0
Reah'=
Q*(X-B4-B5)/X
Reah=
Qmin
Rat=
Ra't=
13.193 tf/m2
15.005 tf/m2
Cantilever length =B4=
2.250 m
Reat=
Reat'=
10.560 tf/m2
7.920 tf/m2
2.250 m
Rah=
Ra'h=
20.441 tf/m2
16.455 tf/m2
4.950 m
Rea'h=
Reah=
Rea'h=
Reah=
Rea'h=
Reah=
17.306
25.552
5.808
0.000
17.306
25.552
Cantilever length =X-B4-B5=
4.950 m
11.318 m
4.950 m
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
5) Intersectional Force due Reaction

Axial Force = 0 tf/m
Description
Footing
Dead Load, Earth
Surcharge Load
Earth Pressure
Reaction form Foundation
Total - per m
Total -5 m
Toe Section
Normal Condition
Moment Shearing
M
S
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
-7.290
-7.020
34.924
27.634
138.169
31.723
24.703
123.514
Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar :
Heel Section
Normal Condition
Moment Shearing
M
S
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
35.284
15.444
276.157
116.060
8.576
3.465
42.284
12.813
-234.147
-91.316
128.153
56.465
640.765
282.327
Seismic Condition
Moment
Shearing
Me
Se
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
-7.290
-7.020
24.502
17.212
86.060
20.790
13.770
68.848
per m
Seismic Condition
Moment Shearing
Me
Se
(tf.m/m)
(tf/m)
35.284
15.444
276.157
116.060
0.000
0.000
43.683
13.237
-279.368 -106.073
75.755
38.667
378.775 193.336
Toe Section
1) Design Bending Moment ( Mf )

Normal Condition
Seismic Condition
M=
Me=
27.634 tf.m/m
17.212 tf.m/m
Max. Design Bending Moment
Mf=
27.63 tf.m/m

As=
sa=
j=
k=
n=
ca=
Mf / ( sa*j*d)
1 - k/3
n / (n + sa / ca)
11.47 cm2
1850 kgf/cm2
0.854
0.438
24
60 kgf/cm2

Mu=As* sy{d-(1/2)*[As* sy]/[0.85* ck*b]}
where, Mu
As
sy
d
'ck
b
Mu=

Area of Tensile Bar
Effective height = h1-cover
cover d1=
7.5
cm
h1=
160
cm
Effective Width
5.21E+06 kgf.cm
52.07
tf.m
3000 kgf/cm2
152.5 cm
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
175 kgf/cm2
100 cm
4) Checking of Single or Double bar arrangement

(d/Cs)2*sa*b
M1=
M1= 2.61E+07 kgf.cm/m
= 260.82 tf.m/m
Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2
k= n / (n + sa / ca)
n= Young's modulus ratio
sa=
ca=
n=
Check M1 > Mf?
M1= 260.818 tf.m
Mf=
27.634 tf.m
12.844
0.438
30.833
1850 kgf/cm2
60 kgf/cm2
24
Compressive
Tensile
M1 > Mf : Design Tensile Bar Only
(a) Tensile Bar

17/33
Max Bar Area :

Min Bar Area :
Required Bar Area
Apply =
Required Bar Nos
Bar Area
2%*b*d =
305.00
4.5%*b =
4.50
As req=
11.47
25 @ 300
Nos=b/pitch = 3.3333333
As =
16.36
cm2
cm2
cm2
d1
nos
cm2
ok
(b) Compressive Bar, in case M1<Mf

M' =
Mf - M1
M'=
0.00 tf.m
As' = M' / [sa*(d - d2)]
As'=
0.00 cm2
d=
152.5 cm
d2=
0.00 cm
sa=
1850 kgf/cm2
Required Bar Area
Apply =
Bar Area
As' =
d2
d1
0.00 cm2
ok

s =
Mf=
S=
Mf/(As*j*d)=
27.63 tf.m/m
24.70 tf/m
1,187.67 kgf/cm2
c =
m =
p=
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
12.58 kgf/cm2
1.74 kgf/cm2
0.00
k=
j=
{(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p=
1-k/3=
b
ok
x=kd
ok
ok
0.20
0.93
b=
100
cm
d=
n=
152.5
24
cm
d
As
d1

Mf=
S=
27.63 tf.m
24.70 tf
c =
s =
s' =
m =
p=
p'=
Mf/(b*d2*Lc)=
n*c*(1-k)/k=
n*c*(k-d2/d)/k=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
p'=As'/(b*d)=
12.58
1,187.67
301.84
1.74
0.00
0.00
b=
100
cm
k=
Lc=
{n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')=
0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)=
0.20
0.09
d=
d2=
152.5
0.00
cm
cm
j=
(1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)=
0.93
n=
24
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
ok
d2
Heel Section

Normal Condition
Seismic Condition
128.153 tf.m/m
75.755 tf.m/m
128.15 tf.m/m
x=kd
As
d1
( Normal Condition )
Me>0
M=
Me=
Mf=
As'
Me<0
Tensile
Compressive
Compressivee
Tensile

As=
sa=
j=
k=
n=
ca=
Mf / ( sa*j*d)
1 - k/3
n / (n + sa / ca)
53.18 cm2
1850 kgf/cm2
0.854
0.438
24
60 kgf/cm2

Mu=As* sy{d-(1/2)*[As* sy]/[0.85* ck*b]}
where, Mu
As
sy
d
'ck
b
Mu=
=
23475776 kgf.cm
234.76 tf.m

Area of Tensile Bar
cover d1=
7.5
cm
h1=
160
cm
Effective Width
3000 kgf/cm2
152.5 cm
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
175 kgf/cm2
100 cm

M1=
(d/Cs)2*sa*b
M1= 33507898.8 kgf.cm/m

=
335.08 tf.m/m
Mf=
128.153 tf.m
M1>Mf : Design Tensile Bar Only

Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2
k= n / (n + sa / ca)
11.33
0.438
24
(a) Tensile Bar

Max Bar Area :
2%*b*d =
320.00 cm2
d
18/33
d
4.5%*b =
4.50 cm2
h
53.18 cm2
d1
25 @ 150
Nos=b/pitch = 6.6666667 nos
Pitch shall be same as that of toe
As =
32.72 cm2
check or arrange compressive bar
Min Bar Area :

Required Bar Area
Apply =
Required Bar Nos
Bar Area
As req=

M' = Mf - M1
As' = M'/[sa*(d - d2)]
M'=
As'=
d=
d2=
As' req=
Required Bar Area

Apply =
Bar Area
0.00
0.00
152.5
0.00
0.00
As' =
tf.m
cm2
cm
cm
cm2
d2
d1
0.00 cm2
ok

s =
Mf=
S=
Mf/(As*j*d)=
128.15 tf.m/m
56.47 tf/m
2,825.55 kgf/cm2
c =
m =
p=
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
44.33 kgf/cm2
4.07 kgf/cm2
0.00
k=
j=
{(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p=
1-k/3=
b
check
check
ok
ok
ok
ok
cm
0.27
0.91
b=
100
d=
n=
152.5
24
x=kd
h
d
As
cm
d1

Mf=
S=
c =
s =
s' =
m =
128.15 tf.m
56.47 tf
p=
p'=
Mf/(b*d2*Lc)=
n*c*(1-k)/k=
n*c*(k-d2/d)/k=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
p'=As'/(b*d)=
44.33
2,825.55
1,063.96
4.07
0.00
0.00
k=
Lc=
{n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')=
0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)=
0.27
0.12
b=
d=
100
152.5
cm
cm
j=
(1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)=
0.91
d2=
n=
0.00
24
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
check
ok
ok
b
d2
Heel Section

Normal Condition
Seismic Condition
128.153 tf.m/m
75.755 tf.m/m
75.76 tf.m/m
x=kd
As
d1
( Seismic Condition )
Me>0
M=
Me=
Mf=
As'
Tensile
Me<0
Compressive
Compressivee
Tensile

As=
sa=
j=
k=
n=
ca=
Mf / ( sa*j*d)
1 - k/3
n / (n + sa / ca)

where, Mu
As
sy
d
'ck
b
20.20 cm2
2775 kgf/cm2
0.886
0.438
16
90 kgf/cm2
Mu=
=

Area of Tensile Bar
cover d1=
7.5
cm
h1=
160
cm
Effective Width
9.12E+06 kgf.cm
91.19 tf.m
3000 kgf/cm2
152.5 cm
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
175 kgf/cm2
100 cm

M1=
(d/Cs)2*sa*b
Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2
k= n / (n + sa / ca)
M1=
=
Mf=
6.11E+07 kgf.cm/m
610.54 tf.m/m
75.755 tf.m
M1>Mf : Design Tensile Bar Only
10.281
0.342
16
19/33
(a) Tensile Bar

Max Bar Area :
Min Bar Area :
Required Bar Area
Apply =
Required Bar Nos
Bar Area
2%*b*d =
0.00
4.5%*b =
4.10
As req=
20.20 cm2
25 @ 150
Nos=b/pitch = 6.6666667
As =
32.72 cm2

M' = Mf - M1
As' = M'/[sa*(d - d2)]
Required Bar Area

Apply =
Bar Area
M'=
As'=
d=
d2=
As' req=
0.00
0.00
152.5
0.00
0.00
As' =
cm2
cm2
d1
nos
check or arrange compressive bar
tf.m
cm2
cm
cm
cm2
d2
d1
0.00 cm2
ok

s =
Mf=
S=
Mf/(As*j*d)=
75.76 tf.m/m
38.67 tf/m
1,643.98 kgf/cm2
c =
m =
p=
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
30.68 kgf/cm2
2.75 kgf/cm2
0.00
k=
j=
{(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p=
1-k/3=
b
ok
x=kd
ok
ok
0.23
0.92
h
b=
100
cm
d=
n=
152.5
16
cm
d
As
d1

Mf=
S=
75.76 tf.m
38.67 tf
c =
s =
s' =
m =
p=
p'=
Mf/(b*d2*Lc)=
n*c*(1-k)/k=
n*c*(k-d2/d)/k=
S/(b*j*d)=
As/(b*d)=
p'=As'/(b*d)=
30.68
1,643.98
490.93
2.75
0.00
0.00
k=
Lc=
{n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')=
0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)=
0.23
0.11
b=
d=
100
152.5
cm
cm
j=
(1-d2/d)+k /{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)=
0.92
d2=
n=
0.00
16
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
ok
b
d2
As'
x=kd
As
d1
SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION, FOOTING

Description
Abbr.
unit
Height of Section, H4
Concrete Cover (tensile)
Concrete Cover (compressive)
Allowable Stress
c
b
h
d1
d2
d
Concrete ca
sa
Re-Bar
Shearing a
ma
sy
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar
Compressive Bar
Required
Designed
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
Required
Designed
As' req.
As'
cm2
cm2
Mf
Nd
S
Mu
Ml
As max
As min
As req.
As
tf.m/m
tf/m
tf/m
tf.m
tf.m
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
n
d-d1
c
s
s'
m
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Design Load
Design Axis Force
Shearing Force
Resistance moment (single bar)
Max Re-bar
Min Re-bar
Required Bar
Effective height
Compressive Stress
kgf/m2
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/cm2
Toe Side
Heel Side
Normal
Normal
Seismic
175
100
100
7.5
0
92.5
60
1850
5.5
14
3000
175
100
100
7.5
0
92.5
60
1850
5.5
14
3000
175
100
100
7.5
0
92.5
90
2775
8.25
21
3000
11.47
16.36
D25@300
0.00
0.00
27.63
0.00
24.70
52.07
260.82
305.00
4.50
11.47
16.36
24
92.5
12.58 ok
1,187.67 ok
1.74 ok
20/33
53.18
32.72
D25@150
0.00
0.00
128.15
0.00
56.47
234.76
335.08
320.00
4.50
53.18
32.72
24
92.5
44.33 ok
2,825.55 check
4.07 ok
20.20
32.72
25 @ 150
0.00
0.00
91.19
0.00
38.67
91.19
610.54
2.75
4.50
20.20
32.72
16
92.5
30.68 ok
1,643.98 ok
2.75 ok
PARAPET WALL
Sectional Force without Impact Plate

(1) Rear Face Reinforcement Bar
T-Load
Mo=
So=
Mp + Me
Sp + Ph
where,
Mo
So
Mp
Me
Sp
Ph
Bending Moment at Parapet (tfm/m)

Shearing Force at Platform (tf/m)
Bending Moment due T-Load (tfm/m)
Bending Moment due Earth Pressure (tfm/m)
Shearing Force dueT-Load (tf/m)
Earth Pressure (tf/m)
Earth Pressure
H1
KaH1
1) Sectional Force due to T-Load

Mp=
Ka T/1.375*{-H1+(H1+a)*ln[(a+H1)/a]
Sp=
Ka T/1.375*ln[(a+H1)/a]
where, Ka
T
a
H1
Coefficient of active earth pressure

Wheel load of T-Load
contact width of T-load
Height of Parapet
2) Sectional Force due to Earth Pressure

0.5 *Kah*H1^2
Ph=
Me=
(1/3)*Ph*H1
where, Kah
H1
4.393 tfm
4.563 tf
0.297
10.000 tf
0.200 m
1.450 m
Ph=
Me=
0.554 tf
0.268 tfm
Ka*cos
friction angle between the parapet wall and soil = (1/3)
Unit Weight of Soil
Height of Parapet
3) Summary of Sectional Force

Mo=
Mp + Me
So=
Sp + Ph
0.293
0.175 (radian)
1.800 tf/m3
1.450 m
4.661 tfm
5.117 tf
2. Sectional Force with Impact Plate

(1) Front Face Reinforcement Bar (compute under normal condition)
Lo
R
LoBu
Lx
w1
Ds
w2
Ft
B1
Rf=
Rp=
R=
Lx=
Mf=
B2
(1/2)*Wd*Lo
T/1.375
Rf + Rp
(1/2)*B2+Bu
R*Lx
where, Rf
Wd
w1
w2
Lo
Rp
R
Lx
Bu
Mf
Bu
L=0.7 Lo
Rf=
Rp=
R=
Lx=
Mf=
Reaction due self weight Wd

w1 + w2
weight of soil on impact plate
self-weight of impact plate
Length of Impact Plate
Reaction due to T-Load
Total Reaction
Distance from center of parapet to reaction point
width of corbel
Bending Moment at Parapet
3.105
7.273
10.378
0.500
5.189
tf/m
tf/m
tf/m
m
tfm/m
tf
tf/m2
tf/m2
tf/m2
m
tf
tf
m
0.30 m
tfm/m
2.07
1.35
0.72
3.00
21/33
B2=
Bu=
Thickness of impact plate

Thickness of pavement
Effective width of road
0.40
0.30
m
m
(=Lp)
Ft=
Ds=
Dp=
B=
0.30
0.70
0.05
3.00
m
m
m
m
278586750.xls, Parapet
(2) Rear Face Reinforcement Bar (compute under seismic condition)

Lo
Ds
H1
Ft
RH
Yr
H1
he
B1
Bu
B2
Kah he
1) Sectional Force due to Impact Plate

Rh=
Mr =
2*Rf*Kh
Rh*Yr
where, Kh
Yr
1.118 tf/m
1.285 tfm/m
seismic coefficient
= H1-Lp =
Lp=
0.300 m
(= Bu)
0.18
1.150 m
2) Sectional Force due to Earth Pressure

H1 > Ds ?
H1=
H1Ds=
1.450 m
0.750 m
Peh 1=
Me 1=
Peh 2=
Me 2=
(1/2)**Kah*Lp^2
Peh*[(Lp)*(1/3)+(H1-Lp)]
(1/2)**Kah*he^2
(1/3)*Peh*he
0.024
0.030
0.148
0.037
then
Peh
Me
0.172 tf/m
0.067 tfm/m
=Peh 1+ Peh2
=Me 1+Me2
tf/m
tfm/m
tf/m
tfm/m
3) Intersectional Force of Parapet due to Earth Pressure

B1
B2
Section
Lp
H1
Lp
10
11
Area
(m2)
Seismic Distance Moment

Weight
Gh (tf)
y(m)
Mg (tfm)
0.580
2.4
1.392
0.18
0.251
0.725
0.182
0.090
2.4
0.216
0.18
0.039
0.600
0.023
0.045
2.4
0.108
0.18
0.019
0.650
0.013
0.309
0.218
Note:
if H1 < Dc, areas 10 & 11 would be counted as "0"
1
10
11
Lp
B5
Unit
Weight
Weight
(tf)
Kh
4) Summary of Intersectional Force

Mo=
So=
Mr+Me+Mg
Rh+Reh+Gh
1.570 tfm/m
1.599 tf/m
3. Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar

1) Cracking Moment
Mc=
Zc*('ck + N/Ac)
where, Mc
Zc
'ck
N
Ac
b
B2
Mc=
Cracking Moment
Sectional Coefficient
Zc=b*B2^2/6
b=100 cm
Tensile strength of Concrete (bending)
'ck = 0.5*ck^(2/3)
ck=
175 kgf/cm2
Axis force (=0)
Area of Concrete = b*B2
Effective Width
Thickness of parapet
417155 kgf.cm
4.172 tf.m
kgf.cm
26667 cm3
15.64 kgf/cm2
0
4000 cm2
100 cm
40 cm
2) Checking of Cracking Moment and Design Bending Moment

Design Bending Moment Mf
Check Mf & Mc
5.189 tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc?, if yes check ultimate bending moment
1.7*Mf =
8.821 tf.m
Mc=
4.172 tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc?
22/33
Yes, check ultimate bending moment

Mu=As* sy{d-(1/2)*[As* sy]/[0.85* ck*b]}
where, Mu
As
sy
d
'ck
b
Check Mu & Mc
Mu=

Area of Tensile Bar
Effective height = B2-cover
cover d1=
7 cm
B2 =
40 cm
Effective Width
As=Mf/( sa*j*d)
sa=
Allowable Stress Rbar
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 )
or k = n/{n+ sa/ ca)
ca
Mu =
Mc =
9.552 tf.m
4.172 tf.m
955213 kgf.cm
tf.m
cm2
3000 kgf/cm2
33 cm
175
100
9.951
1850
0.854
9.552 tf.m
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
kgf/cm2
cm
cm2
kgf/cm2
24
60 kgf/cm2
Mu>Mc?
ok
4) Bar Arrangement
(a) Front Face, with Impact Plate
Max Bar Area As max =
0.02*b*d =
66.0 cm2
Min Bar Area As min =
b*4.5%=
4.5 cm2
Required Bar Area
As req=
10.780 cm2
Apply =
16
@
125 mm
Bar Area
As =
16.085 cm2
ok
Concrete Cover d1=

Then d=
7 cm
33 cm
Concrete Cover d1=

Then d=
10 cm
30 cm
(b) Rear Face, without Impact Plate

0.02*b*d =
60.0 cm2
b*4.5%=
4.5 cm2
Required Bar Area
As req=
cm2
Apply =
12
@
250 mm
Bar Area
As =
cm2
spacing of body, tensile
25
180
180
(c) Rear Face, with Impact Plate

0.02*b*d =
60.0 cm2
b*4.5%=
4.5 cm2
Required Bar Area
As req=
3.143 cm2
Apply =
16
@
250 mm
Bar Area
As =
8.042 cm2
ok
Concrete Cover d1=

Then d=
10 cm
30 cm
spacing of body, tensile
25

(a) Front Face, with Impact Plate
Mf (front)
S
s =
Mf/(As*j*d)
c =
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
5.189
0.000
1239.88
19.04
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Concrete Cover d1=

Then d=
check s < sa ?
check c < ca ?
7 cm
33 cm
4.661 tf.m
5.117 tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
Concrete Cover d1=

Then d=
check s < sa ?
check c < ca ?
check m < a ?
10 cm
30 cm
Concrete Cover d1=

Then d=
check s < sa ?
check c < ca ?
check m < a ?
10 cm
30 cm
ok
ok
0.0230
0.6347
0.7884
(b) Rear Face, without Impact Plate

Mf (rear)
So
s =
Mf/(As*j*d)
c =
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
m =
S/(b*j*d)
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
(c) Rear Face, with Impact Plate
Mf (rear)
So
s =
Mf/(As*j*d)
c =
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
m =
S/(b*j*d)
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
1.570
1.599
722.95
12.92
0.59
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
ok
ok
ok
0.0027
0.3001
0.9000
23/33
4. Summary of Design Calculation

Description
Provision on Impact Plate
Abbr.
Height of Parapet
concrete cover (tensile)
concrete cover (compressive)
Effective width of Parapet
Allowable Stress
c
b
B2
d1
d2
d
Concrete ca
sa
Re-Bar
Shearing a
sy
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar
Tensile Bar
Required
Designed
Design Load
Design Axis Force
Shearing Force
Cracking Moment
1.7*Mf
1.7*Mf < Mc ? If no, check Mu
Mu > Mc ?
Max Re-bar
Min Re-bar
Required Bar
Effective height
Compressive Stress
unit
kgf/m2
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/cm2
Front Face
Yes
Normal
175
100
40
7
0
33
60
1850
5.5
3000
Back Face
No
Normal
175
100
40
10
0
30
60
1850
5.5
3000
Yes
Seismic
175
100
40
10
0
30
90
2775
8.25
3000
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
10.78
16.08
D16@125
Mf
Nd
S
tf.m
tf
tf
5.189
0.000
0.000
4.661
0.000
5.117
1.570
0.000
1.599
Mc
tf.m
4.172
7.924
4.172
2.669
ok
Mu
tf.m
As max
As min
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
4.172
8.821
check Mu
9.552
ok
66.0
4.5
10.780
16.085
60.0
4.5
60.0
4.5
3.143
8.042
n
d
c
s
m
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
24
33
19.04
1239.88
0
24
30
16
30
12.92
722.95
0.59
24/33
Remarks
(K175)
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
3.14
8.04
D16@250
ABUTMENT :
Bendung .
0.90
0.40
D16@200
D25@180
+
80.45
79.00
D16@200
D16@200
1.45
1.00
D16@200
0.40
D16@200
0.40
D16@200
10.00
D25@180
11.45
D25@180
13.05
D16@200
D16@200
8.60
5.00
D25@180
D25@90
D25@150
D19@100
D19@100
D25@150
+
69.00
67.40
0.60
2.50
1.00
D25@300
D19@150
9.00
2.25
1.80
4.95
D25@300
IMPACT PLATE AND CORBEL
Design Parameters
Active load
Impact plate
Effective width of road
Unit weight of plate
Unit weight of soil
Thickness of pavement
T-Load
3.00
0.30
3.00
2.40
1.80
0.05
0.05
Length L=
Thickness h1=
B=
c =
s =
Ds=
Dp=
m
m
m
tf/m3
tf/m3
m
m
Span length
Width of corbel
Height of corbel
Ls = 0.7*L=
Lp=
h2=
Cover of R-bar
Impact plate
Corbel
d1=
d3=
2.10 m
0.30 m
0.30 m
5 cm
7 cm
Computation of Intersectional Force, Corbel

1) Dead Load
Impact plate
Soil above plate
Total dead load Wd=
0.72 tf/m2
0.09 tf/m2
0.81 tf/m2
2) Intersectional Force due Dead Load

Md= (1/8)*Wd*Ls^2
0.446513 tf.m
3) Intersectional Force due Live Load

L=2*T*(1+ i)/{2.75*(a+2*d)}
ML={(1/4)*L*Ls*(a+2*d)-(1/8)*L*(a+2*d)^2}*
where,
ML
T:
a
i:
Dp:
:
bending moment due live load

wheel load of T-load
contact width of T-load
impact coefficient
i=20/(50+L)=
0.377
thickness of pavement
coefficient
L =
ML=
33.39051 tf/m2
5.371698 tf.m
10.00 tf
0.20 m
0.05 m
1.10
4) Total Intersectional Force

M=Md+ML
5.818211 tf.m
3 Corbel
1) Intersectional Force due Impact Plate
M1=R*bu
where,
M1=
R
bu
total reaction form corbel

width of corbel =Lp
2) Intersectional Force due Corbel

M2=(1/6)*(21+2)*c*bu^2
where,
3.113 tf.m
1
2
c =
bu
0.15
0.60
2.40
0.30
3) Total Intersectional Force

M=M1+M2
10.378 tf.m/m
0.300 m
M2=
0.032 tf.m
m
m
tf/m3
m
3.146 tf.m
3 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar for Impact Plate

1) Cracking Moment
Mc=
Zc*('ck + N/Ac)
where, Mc
Zc
'ck
N
Ac
h1
cracking moment
section modulus
Zc=b*h1^2/6
b=
100 cm
tensile strength of concrete (bending)
'ck = 0.5*ck^(2/3)
ck=
175 kgf/cm2
axial force
area of concrete = b*h1
thickness of section, impact plate
Mc=
234650 kgf.cm
2.346 tf.m
kgf.cm
15000 cm3
15.643 kgf/cm2
0.000 tf
3000 cm2
30 cm
26/33
278586750.xls, Imp-Plate

Design bending moment Mf
5.818 tf.m
Check Mf & Mc

1.7*Mf =
9.891 tf.m
Mc=
2.346 tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc?

Mu=As* sy{d-(1/2)*[As* sy]/[0.85* ck*b]}
where, Mu
As
sy
d
Mu=
1039032 kgf.cm
ultimate bending moment

area of tensile bar
yielding point of tensile bar
effective height = h1-cover
cover d1=
5 cm
h1=
30 cm
design compressive strength of concrete
effective width
'ck
b
tf.m
cm2
3000 kgf/cm2
25 cm
Mu =
Mc =
10.390 tf.m
2.346 tf.m
10.390 tf.m
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
175 kgf/cm2
100 cm
As=Mf/( sa*j*d)
sa=
allowable stress of reinforcement bar
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 )
ca
allowable stress of concrete
Check Mu & Mc
14.729 cm2
1850 kgf/cm2
0.854
24
60 kgf/cm2
Mu>Mc?
ok
4) Bar Arrangement
Checking of single or double bar arrangement
M1= (d/Cs)^2*sa*b >Mf?
where, M1
Cs
s
m
sa
ca
n
M1=
resistance moment
={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2)
(n*ca)/(n*ca+sa)
sa/ca
Check M1 > Mf?
M1=
Mf=
700936 kgf.cm
7.009 tf.m
12.844
0.438
30.833
1850 kgf/cm2
60 kgf/cm2
24
7.009 tf.m
5.818 tf.m
M1>Mf: Design Tensile Bar Only
(a) Tensile Bar

Max bar area As max =
0.02*b*d =
50.0 cm2
Min bar area As min =
b*4.5%=
4.5 cm2
Required bar area
As req=
14.729 cm2
Apply =
19
@
150 mm
Bar area
As =
18.902 cm2
ok
d
d1

M' = Mf - M1=sa*As'*(d - d2)
As' = M'/[sa*(d - d2)]
d=
d2=
sa=
25 cm
0 cm
1850 kgf/cm2
Required bar area

Apply =
16
Bar area
As' req=
@
As' =
As'=
0.000 cm2
h
d
M1=
7.009 tf.m
Mf= 5.818211 tf.m
0.000 cm2
300 mm
6.702 cm2
d2
d1
ok
27/33

Mf
S
s =
c =
5.818211
0
1447.22
48.88
Mf/(As*j*d)
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
check s < sa ?
check c < ca ?
0.0076
0.4477
0.8508
b=
d=
n=
100 cm
25 cm
24
ok
ok
x=kd
h

Mf
S
c =
s =
s' =
Mf/(b*d^2*Lc)
n*c*(1-k)/k
n*c*(k-d2/d)/k
As
5.818211
0.000
38.88
1371.70
933.07
d1
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
check c < ca ?
check s < sa ?
check s' < sa ?
p=As/(bd)
p'=As'/(bd)
k={n^2(p+p')^2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}^05-n(p+p')
Lc=(1/2)k(1-k/3)+(np'/k)(k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)
b=
100 cm
d=
25 cm
d2=
0 cm
n=
24
ok
ok
ok
b
0.0076
0.0027
0.4048
0.2394
d2
As'
x=kd
As
d1
4 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar for Corbel

1) Cracking Moment
Mc=
Zc*('ck + N/Ac)
where, Mc
Zc
'ck
N
Ac
h2
Mc=
cracking moment
section modulus
Zc=b*h2^2/6
b=
100 cm
tensile strength of concrete (bending)
'ck = 0.5*ck^(2/3)
ck=
175 kgf/cm2
axial force
area of concrete = b*h1
thickness of section, impact plate
234650 kgf.cm
2.346 tf.m
kgf.cm
15000 cm3
15.643 kgf/cm2
0 tf
3000 cm2
30 cm

Design bending moment Mf
Check Mf & Mc
3.146 tf.m
1.7*Mf =
5.348 tf.m
Mc=
2.346 tf.m
1.7*Mf>Mc?

Mu=As* sy{d-(1/2)*[As* sy]/[0.85* ck*b]}
where, Mu
As
sy
d
'ck
b
Check Mu & Mc
Mu=
574637 kgf.cm
ultimate bending moment

area of tensile bar
yielding point of tensile bar
effective height = h1-cover
cover d1=
7 cm
h2=
30 cm
design compressive strength of concrete
effective width
tf.m
cm2
3000 kgf/cm2
23 cm
As=Mf/( sa*j*d)
sa=
allowable stress of reinforcement bar
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 )
n= Young's modulus ratio = 12
ca
allowable stress of concrete
8.657 cm2
1850 kgf/cm2
0.854
Mu =
Mc =
5.746 tf.m
2.346 tf.m
5.746 tf.m
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
175 kgf/cm2
100 cm
Mu>Mc?
28/33
24
60 kgf/cm2
ok
4) Bar Arrangement
Checking of single or double bar arrangement
M1= (d/Cs)^2*sa*b >Mf?
where, M1
Cs
s
m
sa
ca
n
M1=
resistance moment
={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2)
(n*ca)/(n*ca+sa)
sa/ca
Check M1 > Mf?
M1=
Mf=
593272 kgf.cm
5.933 tf.m
12.844
0.438
30.833
1850 kgf/cm2
60 kgf/cm2
24
5.933 tf.m
3.146 tf.m
M1>Mf: Design Tensile Bar Only
(a) Tensile Bar

Max bar area As max =
0.02*b*d =
46.0 cm2
Min bar area As min =
b*4.5%=
4.5 cm2
Required bar area
As req=
8.657 cm2
Apply =
19
@
300 mm
Bar area
As =
9.451 cm2
ok
Mf
So
s =
Mf/(As*j*d)
c =
2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2)
3.146
0.000
1642.35
37.88
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3
d1
tf.m
tf
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
check s < sa ?
check c < ca ?
ok
ok
0.0041
0.3563
0.8812
SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION

Description
Abbr.
Height of Section
concrete cover (tensile)
concrete cover (compressive)
Allowable Stress
c
b
h
d1
d2
d
Concrete ca
sa
Re-Bar
Shearing a
sy
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar
Compressive Bar
kgf/m2
cm
cm
cm
cm
cm
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/m2
kgf/cm2
Impact Plate
175
100
30
5
25
60
1850
5.5
3000
Corbel
175
100
30
7
23
60
1850
5.5
3000
Required
Designed
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
14.73
18.90 D19@150
Required
Designed
As' req.
As'
cm2
cm2
0.00
6.70 D16@300
Mf
Nd
S
tf.m
tf
tf
5.818
-
3.146
-
Mc
tf.m
5.746
5.348
ok
Mu
tf.m
As max
As min
As req.
As
cm2
cm2
cm2
cm2
2.346
9.891
check Mu
10.390
ok
50.00
4.50
14.73
18.90
n
d
c
s
s'
m
cm
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
kgf/cm2
24
25
48.88 ok
1,447.22 ok
-
Design Load
Design Axis Force
Shearing Force
Cracking Moment
1.7*Mf
1.7*Mf<Mc? If "no" check Mu
Mu>1.7*Mf?
Max Re-bar
Min Re-bar
Required Bar
Effective height
Compressive Stress
unit
29/33
Remarks
(K175)
(Spec >295 N/mm2)
8.66
9.45 D19@300
46.00
4.50
8.66
9.45
24
23
37.88 ok
1,642.35 ok
-
Remarks
1
Input Data
"Input":
Figure in red are input data.
There are two try and error calculation except input data such as dimension and condition.
To calculate them, click on the macro button at their right sides after inputting data.
Button Calculate c
Button Calculate x
(1) Sheet name "Body", G391 to K392

(2) Sheet name "Body", H530 to N531.
3
Allowable stress for "Body"

If allowable stress is "Check" for body, see Sheet "Body", calculation of stress
Minimum reinforcement bar

Step 1
Calculation of Md', find 1.7Md
Step 2
Comparison between Md' and Mc

if Md' > Mc go to step 3
Step 3
Calculation of Mu
Step 4
Comparison between Mu and Mc

Mu > Mc
OK
Wing Wall
Wing Wall are not considered.
Revised
4-Nov-02
Bering capacity calculation was added.

Safety factor was revised as follows.
Normal condition
1.5 to 2.0
Seismic condition
1.2 to 1.25
9-Nov-02
Sheet " Footing"

Cell "H548" & "L548" is changed.
Figure "Mu" is not referred correctly. Therefore revised.
15-Nov-02
Sheet "Body"
Cell "I123" and "I150"
Water pressure calculated per m, there revised as per width.
29-Nov-02
All sheets
Some of inputting cells and calculation result cells have been rearranged.
Safety factors against sliding have been set at the same figures as retaining wall.
previous figure
revised figure
normal condition
1.50
2.00
seismic condition
1.20
1.25
Reinforcement bar arrangements for additional bars and distribution bars have been added.
3-Dec-02
Modification of drawings
30/33
278586750.xls,Read me
4-Dec-02
Modification of additional bar arrangement
12-Dec-02
Minor change: sheets "Stability", "Body" and "Footing"
28-Dec-02
Minor correction: sheet "Body" (calculation results are same as revision 7)
20-Jan-03
Sheet "Parapet"
Cells "K65", "L65" and "M65" were added.
Cells "C63" and "H66" were corrected.
Cells "D71", "D72", "H71", "I70", "I71" and "I72" were corrected.
Figure 600 on Cell "C86" was deleted.
Cells "K127" and "D150" were corrected.
Cells "C151", "D151", "H151" and "I151" were inserted.
Cell "L287" was corrected.
Sheet "Input"
Cell "L40"was modified.
Calculation formulae in Cells "J226", "J227" and "J228" were deleted.
Calculation formulae in Cells "L230", "L231" and "L232" were corrected.
2-Feb-03
10
Sheet "Input"
Input Cell "E41"was modified to calculation cell.
Input Cell "E42" was added.
Cells "B42", "E43", "G41" and "G42" were added.
Sheet "Stability"
Calculation formula in Cell "J267" was changed.
Sheet "Body"
Calculation formula in Cell "H66" was corrected.
Sheet "Footing"
Calculation formula in Cells "K120", "L120", "M120" and "N120" were corrected.
26-Feb-03
11
Sheet "Input"
Cell "G128" was corrected.
31/33
Top side
------>>
Toe side
32/33
tion formula in Cells "K120", "L120", "M120" and "N120" were corrected.
33/33

Abutment

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Abutment

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ABUTMENT :

Design Load for Parapet

(He=2 kh Rd, for fixed bearing)

With Impact Plate?

surcharge load (t/m2)

Concrete Design Strength

t/m2 for soil foundation)

2.2 Structural Analysis

With Impact Plate

Without Impact Plate

With Impact Plate

(4) Impact Plate and Corbel

Super structure Type

Thickness of impact plate Ft=

Total Surcharge Load (t)

LOAD AND MOMENT

surcharge load (t/m2)

ground surface angle (radian)

internal friction angle (radian)

friction angle between earth and earth (radian) normal

friction angle between earth and wall (radian) seismic

Vertical acting point

Combined Acting Point

BT/6 is larger than e?

Fs is larger than 2.0 ?

Allowale bearing capacity Qa

Maximiun Fondation Reaction Q max

Qmax is smaller than Qa? OK

Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max

Combined Acting Point

BT/3 is larger than e?

Fs is larger than 1.25 ?

Maximiun Fondation Reaction Q max

Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max

Bearing Capacity of soil

(2) Ultimate Bearing Capacity of soil, (qu)

Bearing capacity factor (Figure 2.3 of KP-06, by Capper)

(3) Allowable Bearing Capacity of soil, (qa)

Load and Bending Moment of Abutment Body

Plat Form of Impact Plate (Lp) =

Load and Bending Moment due to Super Structure

Load and Bending Moment due to Earth and Water Pressure

Surcharge Load (seismic)

Acting Point (m)

Summary of Intersectional Force

Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Rectangular Beam,

Mc= Zc*('ck + N/Ac)

Mc= 90516242 kgf.cm/m

Allowable Stress R-bar

Mu= As*sy { d - 0.5*[As*sy]/[0.85*ck*b]}

3) Ultimate Bending Moment

2) Required Bar Area

Ultimate Bending Moment

4) Checking : Single or Double Bar Arrangement

M1= Resistance moment

Mf < Ml : Tensile Bar Only

Mf < Ml : Tensile Bar Only

(a) Tensile Bar

Required Bar Nos :

Resistance Moment by Tensile bar As2

As'_req= M' / [sa*(d - d2)]

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Column,

Mu= Assy { d - 0.5[Assy]/[0.85ck*b]}

Eq1= c3 + [3sa/(2n)-3Ms/(bd2)]c2 - 6Ms/(nbd2)sac - 3Ms/(n2bd2)sa2 = 0

Eq2 = X2 + (-Ts-N)X-*d2 = 0