Professional Documents
Culture Documents
This chapter presents the research findings and the discussions of the problem of the
research. The sentences and phrases in 20 selected pages of Facebook are categorized based on
their methods and procedures of translations. The analyzed pages (based on alphabetical order)
are Account Settings page, Activity Log page, Advertise on Facebook page, Basic Information
page, Contact Information page, Create a Page page, Education and Work page, Find Friends
page, Friends and Family page, General Account Settings page, Help Centre page, Home page,
Payments page, Privacy Settings page, Profile page, Profile Picture page, Request page, Security
Settings page, Sports page, and Welcome page. The analyzed pages were the first pages of each
menu.
4. 1 Data Analysis
The data of this research is 20 selected pages of Facebook website. A simple table of
each page is used to categorize the data. The unit analysis of the translation is sentence for
translation methods, and phrase for translation procedures based on Newmarks theory.
In this section, the analysis emphases on the methods that are used in translating
sentences in 20 selected Facebook pages. Each sentence on every 20 pages was listed in order to
figure out its types of sentences and what methods are used in translating the sentences. After the
sentences were identified, there are 43 sentences that can be found in 20 selected pages of
Facebook website.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Method
1.
Faithful
2.
Word-for-word
3.
Password
changed
Word-for-word
4.
never Kata
sandi
pernah dirubah
tidak
Literal
There are four sentences on Account Settings Page. One sentence is translated with
faithful translation method. Meanwhile, two sentences are translated by using word-for word
translation method. Another sentence is translated by using literal translation method. Mostly,
sentences on this page are translated by word-for-word translation.
English Version
Indonesian Version
1.
2.
Method
Faithful
Word-for-word
There are two sentences on this page, and each of the sentence is translated by using
faithful translation method and word-for-word translation method.
Muhammad Iqball Allatief, 2012
The Analysis Of Translation Methods And Procedures In Facebook
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
English Version
Indonesian Version
Method
1.
Anda
orang
Literal
2.
Everything
on Segala sesuatu di
Facebook starts with Facebook
diawali
your Page
dengan
Halaman
Anda
Faithful
3.
Communicative
4.
orang
Halaman
Literal
Referring to the table above, there are two translations that are using literal translation
method. Next, two translations are using faithful translation method and communicative
translation method.
On this page, members can fill about their basic information, such as birthday,
relationship status, religious view, political view, or things about the members.
There is no sentence on this page. All of lexical unit found on this page are phrases.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Method
Create a Facebook
Page to build a closer
relationship with your
audience and customers
Buat
Halaman
Facebook
untuk
membangun hubungan
yang
lebih
dekat
dengan pelanggan dan
pangsa pasar Anda
Communicative
There is only one sentence on this page and it is using communicative translation method.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Method
1.
Where
have
worked?
Literal
2.
Literal
3.
Literal
On this page, all of the sentences are using literal translation method.
No.
English Version
Indonesian Version
1.
Find
friends
from Cari
teman
dari
different parts of your berbagai bagian hidup
life
Anda
2.
Gunakan
kotak
centang di bawah ini
untuk
menemukan
orang yang Anda
kenal dari kota asal,
sekolah, tempat kerja,
dan lebih banyak lagi
Method
Faithful
Communicative
There are two sentences on this page. The first sentence is using faithful translated
method. Another sentence is using communicative translation method.
This is a page where all settings are converging together. Through this page, members
can enter other settings pages, such as Security Settings, Notification Settings, Payment Settings,
Mobile Settings, and Apps Settings.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Method
Anda
dapat
mengunjungi
pengaturan
privasi
atau
menyunting
kronologi Anda untuk
mengendalikan siapa
yang dapat melihat
info di situ
Faithful
There is only one sentence that can be found on General Account Settings page, and is
using faithful translation method.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Method
1.
Something's
Working
Not Ada
yang
Berfungsi
Tidak
Communicative
There is only one sentence on this page. The translation method that is used on this page
is communicative translation method.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Method
Literal
On Home Page, there is only one sentence that can be found. The sentence is using literal
translation method.
can be used as the method to purchase products or games from Facebook website. Here are the
data.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Method
1.
Anda memiliki 0
kredit untuk membeli
item premium dan
bermain permainan
Faithful
2.
View
your
recent Lihat
pembelian
purchases of Facebook Kredit
Facebook
Credits
terbaru oleh Anda
Faithful
3.
Faithful
4.
Word-for-word
On this page, there are three faithful translation methods, and one word-for-word
translation method.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Method
1.
Faithful
2.
Ingat:
jika
Anda
berbagi
sesuatu
dengan seseorang, dia
dapat
berbagi
informasi itu dengan
pihak lain, termasuk
aplikasi
Communicative
3.
Faithful
The translation methods that are used on this page are faithful translation methods, and
one communicative translation method.
English Version
Indonesian Version
1.
Timeline
is
your Kronologi
adalah
collection
of
the koleksi foto, kiriman,
photos,
posts
and dan pengalaman Anda
experiences that help yang
membantu
tell your story
mengisahkan
perjalanan hidup Anda
2.
Apa
yang
pikirkan?
Anda
Method
Faithful
Free
There are two sentences on this page. One sentence is using faithful translation method,
and another sentence is using free translation method.
No.
1.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Method
Dengan mengunggah
file, Anda menyatakan
bahwa Anda memiliki
hak
untuk
mendistribusikan
gambar tersebut dan
tidak
melanggar
Ketentuan Layanan
Faithful
There is only one sentence on this page. The translation method that is used on this page
is faithful translation method.
There is no sentence on this page. In addition, there are five phrases that can be found on
Request Page.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Method
1.
Setting
a
security Dengan
mengatur
question will help us pertanyaan keamanan,
identify you
Anda membantu kami
mengidentifikasi Anda
2.
Secure browsing
currently disabled
Literal
3.
Literal
4.
Approval
is
not
required when logging
in
from
an
unrecognized device
5.
Communicative
Word-for-word
Faithful
There are two literal translation methods, one communicative translation method, one
word-for-word translation method, and one faithful translation method.
No.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Method
1.
Faithful
2.
Faithful
3.
Faithful
favorit
On Sports page, all of the sentences are translated by using faithful translation methods.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Method
Faithful
2.
3.
Keep me logged in
4.
Forgotten
password?
5.
Literal
6.
Literal
Biarkan
masuk
your Lupa
Anda?
saya
kata
Communicative
tetap
Literal
sandi
Word-for-word
Dengan
mengeklik
Daftar,
Anda
menyetujui Ketentuan
kami dan bahwa Anda
telah membaca dan
memahami Kebijakan
Penggunaan
Data
kami
There are four kinds of translation methods on this page; three literal translations, one
word-for-word translation method, one communicative translation method, and faithful
translation method.
English Version
Indonesian Version
1.
Linked Accounts
Akun-akun Tertaut
2.
Create a Page
Buat Halaman
3.
No networks
Procedure
Couplets (Shift and
Transposition)
Couplets (Literal and
Reduction)
Literal
There are three phrases on this page. Two sentences are using couplets translation
procedure, and another is using literal procedure.
No.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
Couplets (Literal and
Through-Translation)
1.
Learn more
Pelajari selengkapnya
2.
August 2012
Agustus 2012
3.
Literal
Info
Literal
On this page, two phrases are using literal translation procedures, and another one is
using couplets translation procedure.
English Version
Indonesian Version
on Beriklanlah
Facebook
di
Procedure
1.
Advertise
Facebook
2.
Success Stories
Kisah Sukses
3.
Top Questions
Pertanyaan Populer
4.
Literal
5.
6.
7.
Get
the
latest Dapatkan berita dan
updates and tips
kiat terbaru
8.
9.
10.
Literal
11.
Build
your Buat
Facebook Page
Facebook
12.
13.
di
Halaman
Jalin
hubungan
dengan orang
There are 13 phrases on this page. From the 13 phrases found on this page, most of the
translations are using couplets translation procedure. Meanwhile, there are two phrases that are
using literal translation procedure.
This is the page where members can fill about their basic information, such as birthday,
relationship status, religious view, political view, or things about the members.
Table 4.20 Translation Procedure of Basic Information Page
No.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
1.
About You
Tentang Anda
Literal
2.
Interested in
Tertarik Pada
Literal
3.
Relationship Status
Status Hubungan
4.
Religious Views
Agama
5.
Political Views
Pandangan Politik
6.
Favorite quotations
Kutipan Favorit
7.
Literal
There are three translation procedures on this page. Three sentences are using literal and
couplets translation procedures, and one sentence is using reduction translation procedure.
No.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Tambah/Hapus
Email
Procedure
1.
Add/Remove Emails
Couplets (Literal,
Transposition,
Transference)
2.
3.
Other Phones
Telepon Lain
4.
Tambahkan
telepon lain
5.
6.
Edit Profile
nomor
Sunting Profil
Couplets (Literal,
Naturalization, and
Transposition)
On this page, all of the phrases are using couplets translation procedure
English Version
1.
Local
Place
Business
2.
Company,
Organization
Indonesian Version
Procedure
Perusahaan,
or Organisasi,
Institution
Institusi
3.
Brand or Product
4.
5.
Cause or Community
Perjuangan
Komunitas
Naturalization)
atau
All of the phrases on this page are translated by couplets translation procedure.
English Version
Indonesian Version
1.
High School
SMA
2.
Add a Class
Tambahkan
Angkatan
3.
Add a Project
Tambahkan Proyek
Procedure
Recognized
Literal
Naturalization)
From three phrases on this page, each of the sentence is using recognized translation
procedure, literal translation procedure, and couplets translation procedure.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
1.
Current City
Kota Sekarang
Shift
2.
High School
SMA
3.
Mutual Friend
Shift
4.
College or University
Perguruan tinggi
Recognized
5.
Graduate School
Pascasarjana
Recognized
6.
7.
Enter a city
Masukkan kota
Literal
8.
Enter another
school
9.
10.
Recognized
tinggi
Shift
Shift
Couplets (Shift and
Recognized
atau universitas
11.
Enter
employer
another Masukkan
perusahaan lain
12.
Enter a college
Masukkan
perguruan tinggi
Recognized
13.
Add Friend
Tambah
Teman
Paraphrase
Sebagai
Shift
There are shift translation procedures on this page. In addition, there are four recognized
translation procedures, two couplets translation procedures, and one paraphrase and one literal
translation procedure.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
1.
Relationship Status
Status Hubungan
Through-Translation
2.
In a relationship
Berpacaran
Through-Translation
1.
2.
Save changes
Simpan Perubahan
Literal
On this page, two phrases are using trough-translation procedure. Two others sentences
are using couplets and literal translation procedures.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
1.
Basic Information
Informasi Umum
2.
Profile Picture
Foto Profil
3.
Literal
4.
Pendidikan
Pekerjaan
Literal
5.
Arts
Entertainment
6.
7.
Contact Information
Informasi Kontak
8.
Create a page
Buat halaman
Naturalization
dan
Literal
Literal
Couplets (Shift and
Naturalization)
Literal
There are three types of translation procedures on this page. Five phrases are translated
using literal translation procedures, two phrases are translated by using couplets translation
procedure, and one phrase is translated by naturalization translation procedure.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
Couplets (Shift and
Transposition)
1.
Facebook Basics
Dasar-Dasar Facebook
2.
Safety Centre
Pusat Keamanan
Shift
3.
Apps, Games
Credits
Couplets
(Naturalization,
Literal, and
Transposition)
4.
Ads and
Solutions
5.
6.
Business Iklan
Bisnis
dan
Solusi
Couplets
(Naturalization and
Shift)
Bantuan
Umpan
Facebook
Kebijakan
The dominating translated procedures on this page are couplets translation procedures.
There are five phrases that are translated by using four couplets translation procedures. One
phrase is translated by using shift translated procedure.
4.1.2.12 Home Page
The display on Home page could also be seen by another member. On Home page, we
could see another member activities, update status, or to enter to other pages. Here are the data.
Table 4.28 Translation Procedure of Home Page
No.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
1.
News Feed
Kabar Berita
Literal
2.
Create Group
Buat Grup
3.
Aplikasi
Permainan
4.
Places Editor
Penyunting Tempat
5.
Update Status
Perbarui Status
6.
Add Photo/Video
Tambahkan
Foto/Video
7.
Ask Question
Ajukan Pertanyaan
Literal
8.
Create Event
Buat Acara
Literal
9.
See All
Lihat Semua
Literal
10.
Add friend
Tambah
Teman
Sebagai
Paraphrase
From eleven phrases on this page, five phrases are using couplets translation procedure,
four phrases are using literal translation procedure, and one phrase is using paraphrase translation
procedure.
English Version
Indonesian Version
1.
Credits Balance
Saldo Kredit
2.
Credit
History
3.
Payment Methods
Cara Pembayaran
4.
Preferred Currency
Mata Uang
Dipilih
5.
Purchase Riwayat
Kredit
Procedure
Couplets (Shift and
Transposition)
Pembelian
yang
There are four couplets translation procedures and one shift translation procedure on this
page.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
1.
Literal
2.
Literal
3.
4.
5.
Control
how
you Kendalikan cara Anda
connect with people terhubung
dengan
you know
orang-orang
yang
Anda kenal
6.
Shift
Couplets (Shift and
Literal)
Anda
7.
8.
9.
10.
Manage Past
Visibility
11.
12.
Manage Blocking
Kelola Pemblokiran
13.
Create a Page
Buat Halaman
14.
Edit Settings
Sunting Pengaturan
15.
16.
Aplikasi
Web
17.
Blocked
Apps
People
Pemirsa
Kiriman
Post Kelola
Visibilitas
Kiriman Terdahulu
dan
Shift
Shift
Literal
Couplets (Literal and
Transposition)
Shift
Situs
Naturalization
On Privacy Settings Page, most of the translation procedures that are used to translate the
phrases on this page are couplets translation procedure (9 translation procedures). In addition,
Muhammad Iqball Allatief, 2012
The Analysis Of Translation Methods And Procedures In Facebook
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu
there are four shift translation procedures, three literal translation procedures, and one
naturalization translation procedure.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
1.
Needs Review
Perlu Peninjauan
Literal
2.
Get Timeline
Dapatkan Kronologi
Literal
3.
Not Now
Tidak Sekarang
Literal
4.
Learn more
Pelajari
selengkapnya
Literal
5.
Edit Profile
Sunting Profil
6.
View As
Lihat Sebagai
Literal
7.
Temukan Permainan
Baru
8.
See All
Lihat Semua
9.
Update Status
Perbarui Status
10.
Add Photo/Video
Tambahkan
Foto/Video
Naturalization)
11.
12.
Paraphrase
The frequent translation procedures that are used to translate phrases on this page are
literal translation procedures with six phrases. In addition, five phrases are translated by using
couplets translation procedure, and one phrase is translated by paraphrase translation procedure.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
1.
Take a Picture
Ambil Foto
Literal
2.
Edit thumbnail
Literal
3.
4.
Shift
There are four phrases on this page. Two phrases are using literal translation procedures,
and another one is using couplets and shift translation procedures.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
1.
Naturalization
2.
3.
My Apps
Aplikasi Saya
4.
5.
Literal
On this page, three phrases are using couplets translation procedure, and one phrase is
using naturalization translation procedure and literal translation procedure.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
Paraphrase
1.
Security Question
Untuk
mengenali
Anda sebagai pemilik
akun
2.
Secure Browsing
Jelajah Aman
3.
Login Notifications
Pemberitahuan Masuk
Shift
4.
Login Approvals
Persetujuan Masuk ke
Facebook
Paraphrase
5.
App Passwords
6.
Recognized Devices
Perangkat
Dikenali
7.
Active Sessions
Sesi Aktif
8.
No
devices
9.
10.
Deactivate
account
your Nonaktifkan
Anda
Literal
yang
akun
Shift
Couplets (Shift and
Transposition)
Literal
The most frequent translation procedures that are used on this page are couplets
translation procedure (4). Meanwhile, two phrases are using paraphrase translation procedure,
literal translation procedure, and couplets translation procedure.
On Sports page, members can fill their favorite thing about sports, such as what are their
favorite sports, teams, or athletes. By filling this page, the other members can see their friends
favorite sports.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
1.
Favorite Sports
Olahraga Favorit
Couplets (Shift,
Transposition, and
Naturalization)
2.
Favorite Teams
Tim Favorit
Couplets (Shift,
Transposition, and
Naturalization)
3.
Favorite Athletes
Atlet Favorit
Couplets (Shift,
Transposition, and
Naturalization)
4.
Save changes
Simpan perubahan
Literal
Three of phrases on this page are translated by using couplets translation procedures, and
the another phrase is translated by literal translation procedure.
English Version
Indonesian Version
Procedure
1.
Sign Up
Mendaftar
Literal
2.
Log in
Masuk
Literal
3.
First Name
Nama Depan
Shift
4.
Your Email
Email Anda
5.
New Password
6.
Select Gender
7.
Re-enter Email
Masukkan
Email
8.
9.
Create a Page
Ulang
Buat Halaman
Shift
Literal
Couplets (Literal and
Naturalization)
Literal
Four literal translation procedures are used to translate four phrases on this page.
Meanwhile, there are also three couplets translation procedures and two shift translation
procedures.
4.2 Findings
The researcher had found some findings in translation methods and procedures. There are
five kinds of translation methods used in translating 20 selected Facebook pages. The methods
are faithful translation method (39.53%), literal translation method (27.91%), communicative
translation method (16.28%), word-for-word method (13.95%), and free translation method
(2.33%). The frequency of the translation methods can be seen on this chart below.
4.3 Discussions
This research is attempts to identify kind of translation methods and procedure used in
translating Facebook web pages. The researcher categorized the data based on Newmarks theory
of translation. In this research, the researcher found that the most frequently used method in
translating sentences in 20 selected Facebook pages is faithful method. It can be concluded that
sentences translation in Facebook is reproduced by the precise contextual meaning of the original
within the constraints of the TL grammatical structure. The second most frequently used method
is literal translation method, and the third is communicative translation method.
The researcher also found that the most frequently used procedure in translating phrases
in 20 selected Facebook pages is couplets translating procedure. Couplets translation procedure
indicates that phrases are difficult to translate with only one single translation procedure. To
obtain the best translation, more than one translation method is necessary. In addition, in 20
selected pages of Facebook website, phrases have greater amount rather than sentences. It can be
concluded that in Facebook website, phrase is adequate for giving order or information to the
members.