10.

(c) 0.00102

(a) 0.00008

(f)

(d)

(b)

0.0000002

0.000004

0.02222

Convert these decimals to fractions in their simplest form:

(e) 0.000224

(b)

0.7
0.81
0.009

81
100

9
1000

(d)

Conversion: Fractions into Decimals

7
10

7
81
9
407
0.407
1000

(c)

In this section we consider how to write fractions as decimals.

Example 1

(a)

Write these fractions as decimals:

Solution
(a)
10
(b)
100
(c)
1000
(d)

Example 2

4
10

Write these fractions as decimals:

Solution

5
6
25
7

24
100
28

0.028

0.24

(d)

50
5
4

100
125
100

407
1000

1.25

In each case, determine the equivalent fraction with the denominator as either 10, 100 or
1000. The fractions can then be written as decimals.
2
3 6
0.4
(b)
0.06
(a)

(c)
(e)

Arithmetic: Decimals, Fractions

and Percentages

Conversion: Decimals into Fractions

4 units

4.276

6 thousandths

In this section we revise ideas of decimals and work on writing decimals as fractions.

Recall that the number

means

2 tenths 7 hundredths

0.01

0.1

1 thousandth

1 hundredth

1 tenth

Words

1
1000

1
100

1
10

Fraction

Decimal

0.001

The table below shows how to write the fractions you need to know in order to write decimals as
fractions:

Example 1

Write these numbers in order, with the smallest first:

0.7, 0.17, 0.77, 0.71, 0.701, 0.107

Solution

Note: It is, perhaps, easier to see this if we first write all the numbers to 3 decimal
places,

i.e. 0.700, 0.170, 0.770, 0.710, 0.701, 0.107

The required order is:
0.107, 0.17, 0.7, 0.701, 0.71, 0.77

Example 2

0.47

(e)

0.132

(f)

1.75

0.714
(e)

(b)
0.471

0.070

(f)

(c)

0.157

7.042

(a)
0.47,

0.61,

0.82,0.4,

0.16,0.601,

0.28

0.661,
0.78,

0.79

0.106,

0.91,

(b)

0.25

0.9

(f)

(c)

0.001

0.3

0.616

(note that fractions larger than 1, such as this, are

often referred to as improper or vulgar fractions)

132 33
250
1000

100

47

4 1
1000
250

100

10

Write these numbers as fractions, where possible giving them in their simplest
form:
(a)
0.7
(b)
0.09
(c)
0.004
(d)

0.7
0.09

0.47

(c) 0.004

Solution
(a)
(b)

(d)
(e) 0.132
175 7
100
4

(a)
0.007

(b)

0.32, 0.23, 0.2, 0.301, 0.3

Write each list of numbers in order with the smallest first:

(d)

What is the value of the 7 in each of these numbers:

(f) 1.75

Exercises
1.

2.

(c)

0.17,

0.19,0.9,

(d)

(a) 0.1

(e)

3. Write each of these decimals as a fraction, giving them in their simplest form:

(d) 0.07

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

(j) 0.71

(g) 0.05

(k)

(h)

0.87

0.003

(l)

(i)

0.201

0.017

(g) 0.048

(d) 0.006

(a) 0.4

(k)

(h)

(e)

(b)

0.006

0.84

0.012

0.08

(l)

(i)

(f)

(c)

0.108

0.328

0.162

0.54

Write each of these decimals as a fraction and simplify where possible:

(j) 0.014

(a)

0.008

0.6 ?
5

?(e)
125

(b)

0.012

0.14

? (f)
250

? (c)
50

0.016

0.18

?
125

?
50

Write down the missing numbers:

(d)

(a) 1.2

(e)

(b)

4.008

3.02

(f)

(c)

5.015

4.12

Write these numbers as improper fractions in their simplest form:

(d) 3.62

(e) 0.06 0.3

(c) 0.71 0.62

(a) 0.7 0.6

(h)

(f)

1.7 0.21

(d) 8.21 0.31

(b) 0.8 0.3

0.42 0.002

Calculate, giving your answers as decimals and as fractions:

(g) 8.06 0.2

(a) 0.20

? 0.47

? 0.81

(d)

(b)

0.92 ? 0 .58

0.42 ? 0.53

Write the missing numbers as decimals and convert them to fractions in their simplest
form:

(c) 0.91

(a) 0.0001

(d)

(b)

0.123491

0.0009

Convert these decimals to fractions:

(c) 0.00021

Example 1

(b)

(a)
5%

20%

71%

Draw diagrams to show:

(c)

Solution
(a)71%

71 of a shape needs to be shaded:

100

1of a shape needs to be shaded:

5

5 1, so 1 of a shape needs to be shaded:

20
100 20

(b) 20% 20 1, so
100 5

71, so
100

These percentages can be shown by shading a suitable fraction of a 10 by 10 square shape.

(c) 5%

250

1000

Calculate 18 5 , then write

Example 3
(a)

18
5

as a decimal.

5 as a decimal.
8

3.6

5 18.0

24

0.625

8 5.000

Write these fractions as decimals:

since

since

(b) Calculate 5 8, then write

Solution

18
18 5
5

(a) 18 5 3. 6 ,

So

3.6

5
5 8
8

(b) 5 8 0.625 ,

So

0.625

1.

Calculate the missing numbers:

Exercises

2.

3.

Write these fractions as decimals:

Write these improper fractions as decimals:

Write these improper fractions as decimals:

5.

Write as a fraction and as a decimal:

4.

6.

8.

9.

13 as a decimal.
16

1 as a decimal by using division.

8

(a) Calculate 41 5.
Write 41 as a decimal.
5
(b)

Write

10. Write

Introduction to Percentages

100
1
100

1
2

The word 'percentage' means 'per hundred'. In this section we look at how percentages can
be used as an alternative to fractions or decimals.

100%

1
100

50% 50
100

1%

8.

7.
If 88% of a class pass a maths test, what percentage fail the test?

If 35% of a class are girls, what percentage are boys?

30% of 500 kg,

Calculate:
(b)

50%of 200,

(a)

26%of 2,

5% of 2,
25%of 120 m,

(h)

75%of 200 kg.

(d)
(f)

(g) 2% of 400,
(j)

What percentage of this shape is shaded?

What percentage of this shape is not shaded?

Example 2
(a)
(b)

100 60 40, so 40% is not shaded.

Solution

(b)

What percentage of the money will Ben have?

(a)

Ben and Adam spend their Saturdays cleaning cars. They agree that Adam will have
60% of the money they earn and that Ben will have the rest.

(i) 20% of 300,

(c)
60%of 50p,
(e) 15% of 10 kg,

9.

10.
(a)

How much do they each have if they earn 25?

25% of 80.

20% of 40 m,

5% of 100 kg,

Solution:

(c)

Find:

(b)

How much do they each have if they earn 30?

Example 3

(c)

(b)

12

Exercises

For each diagram in question 1, state the percentage that is not shaded.

For each diagram, state the percentage that is shaded:

2.

If 76% of a rectangle is shaded, what percentage is not shaded?

1.

3.

4.
Make 4 copies of this diagram and shade
the percentage stated:
10

(c)

(b)

(a)

87%

79%

50%

23%

Copy each diagram and shade the percentage stated:

(d)
5.

6. State the shaded percentage of each shape:

11

Decimals, Fractions and Percentages

(b) 0.4

(b) 3%

(c) 0.06

In this section we concentrate in converting between decimals, fractions and percentages.

Example 1
72%

Write these percentages as decimals:

(a)

Solution

Example 2
0.71

Write these decimals as percentages:

(a)

Solution

Example 3
90%

(b) 20%

(c) 5%

Write these percentages as fractions in their simplest possible form:

(a)

Solution

13

Example 4
Write these fractions as percentages:

Solution:

(d) 5%

(a) 42%
(h)

(e)

(b)
3%

8%

37%
(i)

(f)

(c)
15%

10%

20%

(d) 0.4

(a) 0.14
(h)

(e)

(b)
0.04

0.03

0.72
(i)

(f)

(c)
0.7

0.9

0.55

(d)

(a)
64%

70%

50%
(h)

(e)

(b)
98%

15%

30%
(i)

(f)

(c)

56%

25%

80%

Write these fractions as percentages:

(g)

Write these percentages as fractions in their simplest forms:

(g) 0.18

Write these decimals as percentages:

(g) 22%

Write these percentages as decimals:

Exercises
1.

2.

3.

4.

14

5.

6.

9.

Copy and complete this table:

There are 200 children in a school hall, eating lunch. Of these children, 124 have
chosen chips as part of their lunch.

a) What fraction of the children have chosen chips?

b) What percentage of the children have chosen chips?
c) What percentage of the children have not chosen chips?

What percentage are blue?

What percentage are neither red nor blue?
What percentage are red or blue?
What fraction are red?
What fraction are neither red nor blue?
What fraction are red or blue?

a. What percentage choose rice?

b. What fraction of the children choose rice?

In the school canteen, children can choose chips, baked potato or rice. One day 50%
choose chips and 26% choose baked potatoes.

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

15