2001 1

N o. 1, 2001

( )
Jour nal o f Tianjin No rma l U niv er sity ( Social Science)

154
Sum N o. 154

( , 300071)

:
,
: ; ; ; ;
: H043 : A: 1001-7712( 2001) 01-0076-05

1.

Xu Lang endoen ( 1985)

,

( 1a)? ,

( 1b ) ,

[ 1 ] ( P1 27)
1) [ s X [ s Y ] ] , X
, Y ( empt y

( 1a )

cat eg ory ) , X Y
Shi ( 1998 43) [ 2 ] 1)
,

2):

2) ( clause)
,

( generic) :

,
, , ,

, 2) ,

( 2)
( 2) ,

2) ,
, , ( g eneric ) Shi

, 2):

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:
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Xu Li u(
1998 162) [ 3 ] ,

, Xu
Liu ,

: 2000-04-07
: ( 1958- ) , , ,
,

76

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( 3)

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; , ,

3) [ X [ Y ] ] , X
,

; X

2. 2

X Y , Y

Xu Li u:

( focus):

4)

( pro mi nence) ,

[+ , - ] :
( 6) 30

( co nt rastiv e)

2.

2. 1
Xu Li u :
( mainto pic ) ( subt opic )
( sub-subt opic )
, ,
: [ T OP
( mai n ) [x p TO P( sub ) [ V T OP( sub sub) ] ] ]
( 4a) ,
( 4b )

( )
( )

( 4c ) ,

( )

Gasde ( 1996)
:

[ 4 ] ( P263 294)

( 5) ,
: , ;
, ,
( to pic-like promi nence )
,
,
, ( 5a ) ( 5b ) ( 5) ,

( 5a) ,

, [+ ,+
]
,
( 7a)
( )
( 7b )
( )

, ,
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[ - ,+ ] :
( 8) ,
( )
2. 3
Xu Liu :
( 9) , , [ ]
[ ]
( )
Xu Liu ,

,

, ( 10a ) , ( 10b)
, ( 10c):
( 10a )

( 5b) ,

Haiman( 1978) , ,

77

 ( 10b) ,

( 13b ) , [N P [CP [ ]
] ]

( 10c ) , ,

( 14) , , ,
[ ]

,
,

Xu Liu ,
, ,

[ 5 ]

Ri zz( 1997)
, , ,

, ,
Gu

( 1998) [ 6 ] , ,

, ( uniqueness) ( Beninca

1998; Lam brech t 1994) Xu Li u

, Ri zzi

,
[ 7 ] ,

3. 2

, ,

( co mment ) ,
,

3.
3. 1

A.

( 15a) , /e?

( 11) , [ ]
( 11) ,:

( 15b) , /e
( 15c ) , /e

, ,

( 15d) i , j / j / j

[ 3 ]
( 12b 13b )

ei / i
B.

( Island Co nst raint ) , GB

; ( 14)

( 16a ) , /* e
( )

( 16b) , /* e

( )

( 16c) , /* e

( 12a)* , [N P [CP [ ] ] ]

( )
( 16d ) , /* e

( 12b ) , [N P [CP [ ] ] ]

( )
( 16e) , /* e

( 13a )* , [
] ]

NP

[ [ ]
CP

( )
( 16f ) , /* e

( Boli nger 1965; Krif ka 1992; Rooth 1992) ,

,
( Polins ky 1999 557)
( Culicover 1997; Cin q 1990) ,
,

78


C.

( )

( 17a ) ,
e /*

, ECP [ 8 ] ( P357 374)

,

, , ( 15)

( 17b ) i e /* i , j
e /* j

, ,
, ( 17)

( 17c) e /*

( 17d) e /*
( 17e ) , e /
*

, ( 17h ) Shi
( 1999 17) [ 9 ] ( p1 36) ,

( 17f) , e /*

( 17g ) e /*
( 17h ) i j / j / j

Gu( 1998) [ 6 ] ,
,

ej /* j

( bi ndi ng )

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Shi

3. 3

Gu ( 1998) [ 6]

? ,

, :

1)
2)
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( 18a) , / e
( 18b ) k [ ]i * i /ti
, ( [ ]j * j /tj )

( cov er t resumptiv e)
3)

Yua n( 1996) [ 10] ,

, ,

1) , Riemsdi jk( 1997) ,

Yuan Gu( 1998) [ 6 ]

,
( bi ndi ng pri nci ple )
Shyu ( 1995) [ 7 ] , A -

4.
:

1)

( spelled-out t race)?

,
( ECP) ,

2) ,

Va ta ,

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; ,

X u Liu ( 1998 196, 199) ,

79

 4) ,
,

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6) ECP

5)
:

[ 1 ] X u, L. & Langendoen. ( 1985) Top ic st ruct ures i n Chi nese. Language. 61.
[ 2 ] . [ J] . , 1998, ( 2): 40 57.
[ 3 ] , . [ M ] .: , 1998.
[ 4 ] Gasd e, H-D. and W. P. ( 1996 ) Fun ctional ca tegories, top ic prominece, and comp lex sentences in Mandar in Chinese. Ling ui s tics
34.
[ 5 ] Ri zzi , Luigi ( 1997) Th e f ine structure of the l ef t per iphery. In El ements of Grammar . ed. L. Haegeman. Kl uw er A cademic
Publish ers. N orw ell.
[ 6] G u, G. ( 1998) The Topic S truct ure: More E vidence f rom En gli sh and Ch inese . M . Phil Th esis. Chi nes e U niversit y of Hong
K ong.
[ 7 ] Shyu , S. ( 1995) The Syntax of Focus and Topi c i n Man darin Chinese. D oct oral Di ss er tati on. U niversit y of Sout h Cali f orni a.
[ 8 ] K oopm an, E. & D. Sporti ch e ( 1986 ) A note on lon g extr action in Vat a and the EC P. N at ural Language and Li nguis tic
Th eory 4.
[ 9 ] . [ A ] . . [ C ]. : , 1999.
[ 10 ] . [ J] . , 1996, ( 4) .

The Syntactic Study of Topic and Focus

GU Gang
( Inst itu te of Forei gn Lan guages, Tianj in N ormal Univer si ty , Ti anjin 300071, China )

Abst ract : Topic and f ocus a re i mpo rta nt issues i n sy ntactic studies. This paper discusses the
defini tion, classifi cati on, and generati on o f Chinese topi c and focus wi thi n the f ramew ork of
g enerativ e g ram mar.
Key words: topi c; f ocus; co ntrastive focus; m ov ement; resum t piv e pronoum
( 68 )

Buddhistic Philosophic Theory and the Conception

Art of Wang Wei s Landscape Poems
L I Zhan-lun
( Tian jin Academy of Ed ucational Exami nations, Tianj in 300060, Ch ina )

Abstract: T here i s close contact bet ween Chi nese landscape poems and the Buddhistic
phil oso phic theory. The arti sti c co nceptio n belo nging t o aesthetics soaks na ti ona l co nsciousnesses
thi nking manners and spi ri tual pursui t. Buddhistic philo so phic theory infl nenced f o rmi ng the
a rtistic co nceptio n. Indian Buddhi sm f ormed th e BanRuo syst em duri ng t he Chinese
natio nali za ti on. The parlance of nihi li ty and spi ri tuali sm has a deeply eff ect o n the conception art
o f W ang Wei s landscape poems.
Key words: Buddhistic philosophic theo ry ; Wang W ei s landscape poem s; the co ncepti on art
80