Milling and Grain August 2015 - FULL EDITION

August 2015
YOUR GLOBAL PARTNER
In this issue:
Feedmill of
the future
Stabilising rice bran
through high shear
extrusion
Why Indias agri-food
policies need a holistic
review
Mycotoxins and
mycotoxicosis in
livestock production
Preventing bread waste
millingandgrain.com
perendale.com
Volume 126
Issue 8
The Chief Advantage...
One-stop solutions with

unmatched personal
service
Aeration
Material
Handling
Catwalk
Systems
Bulk Storage
Storage
Bins
You can trust Chief to offer reliable
and innovative grain storage, aeration
and material handling equipment for
your total grain management needs.
The One and Only Chief 1.1 The Giant of Grain Storage
with a peak capacity of over one million bushels!

Largest 105' diameter grain bin
up to 801,086 bushel (20,348 MT) capacity
Largest 92' diameter grain bin
up to 658,110 bushel (16,716 MT) capacity
Caldwell centrifugal and axial fans
Bucket elevators, conveyors and accessories
Lemanco bulk storage
Storage bins to fit your exact needs
Agri/Industrial Division
of Chief Industries, Inc.
P.O. BOX 848 KEARNEY, NE 68848 USA

(308) 237-3186 1-800-359-7600
www.agri.chiefind.com
We Engineer Relationships
COVER PICTURE: It was a privilege for Milling and Grain

to be invited to Sweden immediately after Victam in
Germany to visit what must be the most advanced
feedmill in operation today - Kalmar Lantmn. In
recognition of the achievement this represents
in terms of technology advances, efficiency or
production and minimal environmental impact, we
have devoted over 10 editorial pages to its review.
In short we are proud to makeKalmar Lantmnour
cover feature. - Roger Gilbert, The Publisher
VOLUME 126
ISSUE 8
AUGUST 2015
Perendale Publishers Ltd

7 St Georges Terrace
St James Square, Cheltenham,
Glos, GL50 3PT, United Kingdom
Publisher
Roger Gilbert
Tel: +44 1242 267700
rogerg@perendale.co.uk
International Marketing Team
Darren Parris
Tel: +44 1242 267707
darrenp@perendale.co.uk
Tom Blacker
Tel: +44 1242 267700
tomb@perendale.co.uk
Mark Cornwell
Tel: +1 913 6422992
markc@perendale.com
Latin America Marketing Team
Ivn Marquetti
Tel: +54 2352 427376
ivanm@perendale.co.uk
India Marketing Team
Ritu Kala
rituk@perendale.co.uk
Nigeria Marketing Team
Nathan Nwosu
nathann@perendale.co.uk
52 Feedmill of the future
Editorial Team
Olivia Holden
Tel: +44 1242 267707
oliviah@perendale.co.uk
Our special feature on the feedmill of the

future - the Kalmar Lantmn feedmill in
Kalmar, Sweden
Peter Parker
peterp@perendale.co.uk
Malachi Stone
malachis@perendale.co.uk
REGIONAL FOCUS
International Editor
Professor Dr M Hikmet Boyacog
lu
Tel: +44 1242 267707
hikmetb@perendale.co.uk
NEWS
Design Manager
James Taylor
Tel: +44 1242 267707
jamest@perendale.co.uk
Circulation & Events Manager
Tuti Tan
Tel: +44 1242 267707
tutit@perendale.co.uk
Australia Correspondent
Roy Palmer
Tel: +61 419 528733
royp@perendale.co.uk
Copyright 2015 Perendale Publishers Ltd. All
rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced in any form or by any means without
prior permission of the copyright owner. More
information can be found at www.perendale.com
Perendale Publishers Ltd also publish The
International Milling Directory and The Global
Miller news service
Grain & Feed Milling

Technology magazine
was rebranded to Milling
and Grain in 2015
Europe
4
6-24
PRODUCT FOCUS
28
CASE STUDY
74
FEATURES
30 Stabilising rice bran
through high shear
extrusion
38 Mycotoxins and
mycotoxicosis in livestock
production
34 Why Indias agri-food

policies need a holistic
review
FACES
44 Preventing bread waste

48 Pioneering UK wheat
trials
94 People news from the

global milling industry
EVENTS
82 Event listings, reviews

and previews
52 Feedmill of the future

Special feature
STORAGE
66 Are ATEX powder storage

silos disasters waiting to
happen?
TRAINING
27 IGP institute feed

manufacturing course
COLUMNS
8 Mildred Cookson
14 Tom Blacker
16 Christophe Pelletier
20 Chris Jackson
22 Els van der Boon
2 GUEST EDITOR
Graham Hartwell
76 MARKETS
John Buckley
92 INTERVIEW
Grkem Alapala
Guest
Editor
Innovation and Stewardship

Economy, society and
ecology are key pillars
of sustainability with
the role of Innovation
and Stewardship
critical elements for
stakeholders in the
food value chain to
ensure supplies of food
and raw materials for
the coming seasons.
Communication of innovation and the

communication of stewardship are critical
areas in the knowledge transfer process and are
visible at the height of the technical shows and
demonstrations season.
In the UK the past month or so farmers have

been aware of these processes as they watched
their own cereal crops mature as ear emergence
and grain-fill began.
At the same time wheat variety selection for

2016, the choice of current and future agronomy
techniques, crop protection product choice and
performance are all reviewed. This seasonality
also needs to be balanced with changes in world
markets and consequent market values, shifts in
government policy and changes in biodiversity.
As the requirement for biodiversity areas
increases, a balanced understanding of how
to manage sustainability processes becomes
paramount for all those involved in the food
value chain.
Within BASF Plc, our strategy is based on

a strong technical message, based on good
science that delivers such technical messages
and development concepts to a wide range of
audiences throughout the food value chain and
also to those who influence the agricultural
industry from grass roots to Government levels.
In a world that appears to gain its knowledge
from online searches and uses web-based
information to influence decisions, it is
particularly rewarding to be able

to encourage guests onto a farm to
see, hear and touch agriculture first hand, and
to allow them to ask questions regarding how
agriculture works.
BASF is fortunate to collaborate with two

family-owned private farms in the UK in the
delivery of technical and biodiversity messages
through a whole farm approach.
Profitable crops are key but are grown alongside

well-managed biodiversity areas. A best practice
stewardship ethos for applications of fertilisers
and pesticides is part and parcel of the farm
management so that precious resources of soil,
water and wildlife are protected. Often simple
changes to farm practice make this possible
without detriment to the balance sheet and
deliver a more sustainable farm management
process - certainly with great levels of
biodiversity and improved farm wildlife.
The two UK farms are part of a coordinated
pan-European Sustainability Farm Network
that runs to some 15 privately owned farms
in six countries all designed to demonstrate
sustainability principles through first hand
experiences.
Developed with independent third-party experts

to deliver practical solutions and to monitor the
farms, we can share a balanced view of innovation
and sustainability for the food value chain.
Significant positive changes in the Farmland
Bird Index are noted on both farms by managing
field margins and biodiversity areas to improve
habitat value for birds, bees and butterflies.
Delivery of well-managed biodiversity alongside
great agricultural crops uses farm management
skills to bring the best of both worlds onto the
farms.
I hope that you enjoy this months edition of
Milling and Grain.
Graham Hartwell Environmental Stewardship

Manager UK & Ireland BASF plc
Meet the Milling and Grain team

The team are travelling across the globe to
industry events.
16-21August - 17th Annual Practical

Short Course on Food Extrusion:
Cereals, Protein & Other Ingredients
Annual Subscription Rates

Inside UK: UK100
Outside: US$150/133
ISSN No: 2058-5101
More Information
www.millingandgrain.com
http://gfmt.blogspot.co.uk
40 YEARS OF TESTED STRENGTH
One Tapco Nylon Elevator Bucket

Supports a 9700 Pound* H1 HUMMER
Ambient Temperature: 17 F (-8 C)
TAPCOS CC-XD (Xtreme Duty) gray nylon

elevator bucket supports a 9700 lb. H1 Hummer
vehicle. Testing confirms that it will support over
20,000 lbs., more than two Hummers!
TAPCOS CC-XD (Xtreme Duty)

blue polyethylene bucket will support
9,000+ lbs.
Tapcoinc.com
TAPCOS CC-HD (Heavy Duty)

blue polyethylene bucket will
support 5,000+ lbs.
314.739.9191 / St. Louis, Missouri USA

No 814
*4399 kg
REGIONAL FOCUS
EUROPE
SPECIAL FEATURE
Feedmill of the future

How we feed the worlds ever growing population is the big
question for the milling industry. Milling and Grain magazine
goes in search of answers, on a behind the scenes tour of the Van
Aarsen-built, Kalmar Lantmn project - the most modern feedmill
in the world - to find out how the technology in this new mill sets
a standard for the future.
See the full story on page 53
INDUSTRY PROFILE
European feed statistics

This month we look at European
statistics both feed and specifically
ruminants. We are using two sources
of statistics; our regular contributor
Alltech and FEFAC, the European Feed
Manufacturers Federation.
Europe produced 224.6 million

tonnes of compound feeds in
2013, the latest year for compiled
statistics from the Federation.
SWEDEN STATS
1 865 000 - the total amount of
compound feed produced overall
in 2014 (tonnes)
FEATURE
EVENTS
841 000 - the total amount of

compound feed produced in 2014
for Cattle in Sweden (tonnes)
572 000 - the total amount of
compound feed produced in 2014
for poultry in Sweden (tonnes)
1 436 000 - total livestock population
of cattle in Sweden in 2014
1 469 000 - total livestock population
of pigs in Sweden in 2014
45% - the total amount of compound
feed produced for cattle in 2014
(Source: FEFAC)
Mycotoxins and
mycotoxicosis in
Cereal and cereal by-products, corn
grains and corn silage are thought to be
the most exposed ingredients to mold and
mycotoxin contamination.
Trends in ingredients
at IBA
People are increasingly complaining
about food intolerances and
allergies. In addition to that which is
necessary, personal desire to avoid
certain products e.g. animal products
is also playing an increasingly big
role.
News
AUG 15
Milling
Indias pulses sector: trends,

challenges and opportunities
India is the largest producer, consumer and importer of pulses in the world. This
is due to Indias enormously diverse culinary traditions that use many pulses and
minor millets, says Raghavan Sampathkumar who comments on agribusiness from a
political, socio-economic and cultural perspectives on the countrys food value chain.
He will be contributing to our Commodities section in MAG from time-to-time.
However, India imports nearly three-to-four million tonnes of pulses annually, he
says.
This is motivation for Indias pulse and oilseed production to become self-reliant,
with some aiming for this to be achieved by 2022.
Based on current average yields, India would need nearly seven-to-eight million
additional hectares of land to meet the gap in demand without imports. In order for
Indias pulses sector to become self-reliant many obstacles have to be considered
says Mr Sampathkumar, including:
Indian agricultural and price policies: In India, generally, food means only two
crops rice and wheat. Politics are always winning over economics, which
is evident from entrenched policies such as MSP (Minimum Support Prices) and
procurement systems that seem to favor only these two crops.
Issues around domestic marketing: There are no reliable marketing opportunities
for farmers to sell their crop, so why grow something that you cannot sell? Archaic
laws such as APMC (Agricultural Produce Marketing Committee) regulations
prevent farmers from entering into direct supply contracts with a processor or
retailer. The safest crops to grow would be rice or wheat, which have minimum
support prices that are increased annually and have established procurement systems.
Limited crucial statistical data within the sector: There is a lack of reliable data
on production, acreage and/or consumption. Estimates tend to vary greatly from
different sources, not only for pulses but for all crops. It is obvious what will happen
when policies are made without reliable data on these parameters.
What is clear is that if India is to achieve a self-reliant pulse and oilseed sector,
it will require a holistic understanding of the food value chain and the agrarian
situation in the country, a review of current ag-food policies and increased
investment in Research and Development and infrastructure for storage, food
processing and marketing, he says.
6 | Milling and Grain
A blog dedicated
to milling industry
professionals globally
The Global Miller blog is an

online offshoot of Milling
and Grain magazine. While
the monthly magazine covers
milling technology issues
in-depth, the Global Miller
takes a lighter approach.
Our columnists have a keen
eye for the most interesting,
relevant and (lets face
it) bizarre milling stories
from across the world.
Each weekday we scour the
internet for top-notch news
and package it for your
perusal in one neat daily
digest.
An expanding Filipino
milling industry sends a
trade team to the US
http://bit.ly/1DpFJuQ
IAOM Annual
Conference news: call
for proposals
http://bit.ly/1SNuFyv
New FIAAP/VICTAM/
GRAPAS event to be
organised in 2017
http://bit.ly/1KQmBZo
Lallemand Animal
Nutrition confirms its
silage expert position
at the XVII International
Silage Conference in
Brazil
http://bit.ly/1K3JrXX
GF
MT
gfmt.blogspot.com
From Quern to Computer

Milling Journals of the past at the Mills Archive
by Mildred Cookson, The Mills Archive, UK
am delighted to announce
that here at the Mills
Archive, we have been
successful in gaining a grant
from the UKs Heritage Lottery
Fund (HLF) for an exciting
project that is about to get under
way. Extending until 2018, we
will use the 68,200 grant to
preserve records of the history of flour milling, from its
ancient origins up to the present day, and to tell this story
to you and to people around the world.
Participatory elements in the project, From Quern to
Computer, mean that individuals and milling firms will
have plenty of opportunities to get involved, not only in
learning about the story (even the most knowledgeable
mill enthusiast may be surprised at what they discover)
but also in actively shaping the story for future generations
and ensuring that key moments in history are recorded and
not forgotten.
Connecting modern milling developments with

what has come before
Humans have used milling methods over thousands of

years to make bread and other food products, at first for
survival and over time for enjoyment such as biscuits
and cakes. While the methods may have changed, it is
important to see all the events and developments as part of
an evolving story about flour milling, and how this story is
relevant to everyone.
We will capture the story of flour milling from 6000 BC
Foundry drawing of waterwheel detail, 1895
The worlds first roller flour mill

archive
For milling firms, the project

provides the timely opportunity to
ensure that their history is recorded
for posterity. We invite suggestions of
content to include in the story. We are
interested not only in suggestions but
the raw material as well.
As we are building the first specialist
archive for roller flour mills and
milling, we welcome the donation
of original historical images and
documents, so that we can provide
a safe home for such items and
in time make them available to
the public. With over two million
historical records of traditional mills
and milling, we have acknowledged
the need to preserve the story of the
advances in milling technology over
the last 150 years. This expansion of
our original remit, means the Mills
Archive Trust will now incorporate the
worlds first roller flour mill archive,
allowing firms and milling families from
around the world to ensure their history
is respected and preserved for future
generations.
The records of the different elements
of flour milling particularly more
recent roller flour mill records are at
risk of being lost

forever. In some cases this
is due in part to a lack of understanding of their historical
importance, but more often than not it is because until
now there has not been a suitable place to deposit such
material. To truly understand the different flour milling
eras one needs to have an awareness of what has come
before and what has since developed.
Horizontal windmill,
Islam Qala, Herat,
Afghanistan, 1973
Post mill Diderot

Encyclopedia, 1763
Great Barton Post Mill

Suffolk, 1910
Milling News
and hand-operated quern stones right up until the present
day. The story will therefore capture traditional windmills
and watermills as well as large roller mill plants such as
those whom this magazine reaches. Related industries
such as the firms that furnish these plants with roller mill
machinery will also have an opportunity to feature in the
story.
Bennett and Elton, attempted to tell the complete story
in their seminal 4-volume History of Corn Milling written
at the end of the 19th century. However, since then there
has been nothing of the same scope and scale. Their books
also reach only a limited audience. Things have moved
on over the last century, not only in terms of flour milling
technology but also the methods by which we can tell the
story and make it available to the public.
Modern website technology will allow this project
to record and display a detailed interactive timeline
covering eight millennia and enable the public and those
with involvement or interest in the milling industry to
participate in its telling.
Primitive milling as an
advertisement, 1908
More than Pleased, 1908
Opportunities online
Our website at millsarchive.org has a large global

audience that primarily uses our online resources to
access our existing archive. Our online catalogue already
features some 40,000 digitised images and documents in
180 collections. We have invested a lot in improving the
website to incorporate the new roller flour mill archive as
well as the planned timeline. We already offer a number
of interesting features and articles as well as a vast Mills
Index, which will shortly be expanded to include roller
flour mills as the donations come in.
In addition to developing our timeline as an online
resource, we will be running competitions to encourage
the public to participate in a Flour Mill Survey, which will
use submitted data about mills and mill sites to enhance
our Mills Index. So the list will expand as people start to
tell us about mills we are not aware of, and we hope they
will help in the important task of adding roller mills to the
Index too.
The past shapes the future
In its essence, this is what an archive is really all about.

While historical records are preserved, this is so that
future generations can understand and learn from the past
when creating the future. These give us the opportunity to
document and appreciate the work of the milling industry
in serving humanity and enabling us to flourish.
Flour milling is not a disjointed story, and should
not be alienated from wider events that encompass the
economy and societal changes as well as advances in
technology. By relating flour milling to these concepts,
our hope is to engage different groups with a variety
of interests and inspire an interest in milling in a wide
range of people.
One of the goals of From Quern to Computer is to
catalogue an additional 20,000 images and documents (no
small feat) and link some of the best examples to the online
timeline to illustrate and amplify the story of flour milling.
Out of the two million or so images and documents that we
care for in our archive, we have so far only catalogued a
fraction of what we have. With this project, we will be able
to direct more resources towards better understanding that
material and presenting it to a wider public.
The Cornwell Roller Flour Mill Collection
Milling & Grains own history needs telling
This timeline will be freely available to explore and will

link not only to items on our catalogue but also external
resources and the websites of participating mills and firms.
The public, as well as those involved in the project, will
be able to suggest items, mills and historical events to be
added to the timeline. Our goal is to work with mills, firms
and individuals to tell the story of flour milling and to
provide participants with the tools to tell the story to their
own visitors, staff and volunteers.
We are grateful to Milling & Grains publisher, Perendale,
for recognising the importance of the story of flour milling
and for supporting us by getting involved in our work as an
Archive Patron. We will involve this magazine and, we
hope, you, in the project by featuring the magazines long
history from 1891 on the timeline.
Our project needs you
To make our project a success, we need you. We will

be looking for contributions, suggestions and comments
over the coming two years, and we would like you to
help shape the story of flour milling and influence what
future generations learn about the past and current mills
and milling. You will be able to suggest events, topics,
links and other interesting snippets to feature on the online
interactive timeline.
Similarly we will welcome your help in taking part in the
Flour Mill Survey an exciting new initiative where you
can put mills on their rightful place on the map.
You will hear more about this and other ways you can
get involved over the next few months and throughout the
duration of the project.
If you would like to find out more, please email me at
mills@millsarchive.org and I would be happy to tell you
more.
August 2015 | 9
Dont Know
Global?
We Can Fix That!
Serious Solutions for Your Grain Storage,
Handling and Conditioning Needs
Quality & Service Why Global Customers STAY Global Customers
Extensive line of high quality,

cost-efficient and revenue boosting
products
Experienced, sales and engineering
teams with knowledge and skills to
assist in project design
From large port and commercial

hopper bin projects to small farm
needs. Global can handle them all
Turnkey solutions through
Globals network of qualified and
experienced contractor/partners
You Expect Results. Global Delivers!

Innovative Engineering Precision Manufacturing Delivering Value & Trust
We Mean Bu
usiness
Global Industries, Inc.

2928 East US Highway 30
Grand Island, NE USA 69902
E-mail: international@globalindinc.com
Ph: 308-384-9320
Fax: 308-389-5253
www.globalindinc.com
Visit Us On Facebook
Milling News
David Sugden 1937-2015
avid Sugden sadly died at the

age of 77 at home in Suffolk,
UK on July 8, 2015. He was
15th and last in the family line of preeminent flour millers, the Sugdens.
The family business - Thomas Sugden
& Son Ltds mill was located in
Brighouse, Yorkshire, UK.
David was born on 22nd September
1937 in Yorkshire. He was the son of
Richard Sugden CBE TD former
nabim President from 1955-56. He
trained mostly at Henry Simon Ltd.
Before his milling career, David
served 10 years in the military,
where, like his father he was
commissioned in the Duke of
Wellingtons regiment. From 1957
to 1959, David trained in mills in the
UK, Norway and the Netherlands. He
qualified with a City & Guilds First
Class Final Technological Certificate
(Milling). David then spent what
would become 31 continuous years
of service working for Associated
British Foods (ABF). It was during
these years that Thomas Sugden &
Son Ltd was sold to Allied Mills/
ABF.
David ran various mills around the
UK, becoming product director of
main subsidiary at Allied Bakeries,

as well as technical and project
director at Allied Mills. He became
a successful miller inventing the
worlds first commercial wheat
least cost grist (wheat mix)
computerised programme to save
costs, implementing reinvestment
initiatives, installing new plants, and
much more.
During this time, David was
an independent grain industries
consultant for twelve years from
1980 to 1992. He was well attuned to
working internationally in the milling
trade, and attended many conferences
overseas.
In 1989, David was the recipient of
the Thaddeus B. Bownik Outstanding
Service Award from the North
American Association of Operative
Millers (AOM), which is now known
as the IAOM. Furthermore, he then
became an honorary member of the
Association.
David moved to work for Satake
as the Business Development
Director from 1992 to 1996. Whilst
at Satake, David was instrumental
with a special remit for establishing
the Satake Centre for Grain Process
Engineering between the University

of Manchesters Department of
Chemical Engineering and Satake
Corporation, Japan and Satake in the
UK. This was a specialist centre for
post-graduate learning and research.
Following this, David then spent
eight years there from 1994 to 2002
as a visiting Senior Lecturer.
Beyond his professional life,
David was also active in the affairs
of his community and church. In
retirement he was Vice Chairman
of Res-Care, the nationwide charity
which supports those with learning
disabilities and mental handicaps, as
well as their families; an Associate
Governor of Otley College, Suffolk,
and a Church Warden at All Saints
Church, Chelsworth. From 2001
to 2006 he was a member of the
Department of Health Learning
Disability Task Force monitoring
Valuing People. With each of these
four entities, he contributed greatly
to society and the wider community
in a volunteer capacity.
Davids leisure interests were in
sporting events, boating and fell
walking. His family, friends and the
milling industry will miss him dearly.
Futurist Mike Walsh: Food producers must

embrace innovation to succeed with next
generation
he most successful food

producers and manufacturers
in the next decade will be
the ones who harness the rapid
advancements in science and
technology to meet the demands of
the first fully digital generation as
they become adults, according to a
July 13 keynote address by futurist
Mike Walsh at IFT15: Where Science
Feeds Innovation hosted by the
Institute of Food Technologists (IFT)
in Chicago.
If you really want to understand
the future, you have to start with the
people who are going to live in it,
said Walsh, author of The Dictionary
of Dangerous Ideas and CEO of the
consultancy firm Tomorrow.
And the most disruptive group of
future food consumers, I believe, are
people who are currently celebrating
their eighth birthday. If you can
understand how an eight year old
thinks, youre a long way toward
really understanding a transformative
change in consumer behavior.

Walsh said that age group is of
particular interest because they were
born in 2007 - the same year the
iPhone was introduced. They are
the first generation to be connected
from birth, so they are growing up
with a much different outlook on
shopping, cooking and eating than
other generations. They will expect
products that are customised, readily
available and - as already apparently
on Instagram - look good enough to
be photographed and shared on social
media.
When you think about an eight
year old, how they will be making
judgments about food, about food
brands, eating and dining, its all
going to be very connected to their
experience on that smartphone, he
said.
Look at the way the next
generation forms their views on food
today. Look at Instagram - there
is some extent to which the next
Milling News
generation doesnt want to eat a

meal unless they are going to take a
picture of it.
Walsh said the challenge for the
entire food industry is to be prepared
to meet the demands of these
tech-savvy, on-demand consumers
while still producing enough food
for a population expected to grow
to about nine billion by 2050. He
said that will elevate the discussion
already taking place about whether
to genetically modify plants and
livestock to meet the populations
food needs.
As a futurist, one of the things
really that fascinates me is that
intersection point where science and
technology head-butts the realities
of everyday human experience,
Walsh said. As food scientists and
technologists, this is something you
encounter every day, because for all
of the developments that you come
up with, at the end youre still talking
about food.
DESIGN
BUILD
Norwood and Company
EXPAND
With four generations of experience in the grain, feed,
flour milling and wood industries our family would be
more than happy to help you design, build, repair or
expand any new or existing grain facilities
We also offer a large variety of new and
used grain equipment to help meet your needs
norwood_hp.indd 1
REPAIR
Contact us on:
Fred Norwood, President; Tel: +1 405 834 2043
Brandon Norwood, Vice President; Tel: +1 785 822 4109
www.norwoodandco.com
August 2015 | 13
10/02/2015 17:30
Milling News
A Flour World
Museum story
No. 1
King-size
king cake
International events VICTAM and GRAPAS

boost the International Milling Directory
Tom Blacker, International Milling Directory
Hello! With many topical subjects this month to get
through in this column I will begin immediately! The
Northern Hemispheres harvest is now taking place.
It has been enlightening to see wheat harvests in my
region come to fruition during long evenings and dry
days. Farmers, storage co-operatives and the whole
logistics chain are working together to provide the
wheat for millers. Feed and flour millers are expectant
of good quality and quantity. Perhaps this harvest will
You can get it as a dry cake, with

cream, truffle chocolate, or in worldrecord size king cake, eaten in
Mexico since the 16th century at
Epiphany. To celebrate 200 years
of Mexican independence, Mexico
City bakers made a truly king-size
"Rosca de Reyes" weighing ten tons
and measuring 2360 feet long. The
massive cake took 16,684 pounds of
flour, 56,880 eggs and 8157 pounds
of butter, and cut nicely into 254,000
pieces. But no one knows who
found the porcelain figurine that is
hidden in every Rosca de Reyes. This
will no doubt remain a mystery, for
whoever finds it must make tamales
for all the guests, later at the
"Fiesta de la Candelaria". With this
gargantuan cake that would be an
impossible task.
The Mhlenchemie FlourWorld Museum
in Wittenburg is an expression of our
company culture and the responsibility
we feel towards the miller and his flour,
as one of the most important staple
foods. The museum is a journey through
the millennia, illuminating the devel-
see both coming together.

It is so impressive to see other harvests from around the world via the Internet.
You only have to search online social media sites for #harvest2015 to see many
photos and accounts of wheat farmers harvesting their crop. Some impressive
videos taken from drones flying above the fields also feature. It is worth looking
this up to see the huge range and scale of coverage on social media. In my
opinion, it is a great thing that wheat harvesters do this to encourage greater
awareness for consumers to the origin of so much of the food in their diet.
We also report on some very sad news about David Sugden, formerly of Allied
Mills is covered in this issue. Those who knew him in the milling community
around the world will sorely miss him. Key individuals from milling families are
always greatly admired and rightly respected. He leaves behind a long legacy.
Coming up soon, I am due to visit Holme Mills, best known as Jordans cereal
mill in the UK. There has been a site at this mill for nearly 1000 years. The
county of its location, Bedfordshire, had 400 functioning mills at its peak and
was a critical industry. However, that is not the case today. This particular mill
was milling flour up until the year 2000 and became the mill of a family of wellknown breakfast cereal brands. Despite the mill no longer functioning, the cereal
products are still well known today. The legacy of the mill lives on as a visitor
centre that provides leisure attraction where the story of milling can be retold.
My next column will report back from the visit. Look for this in the September
issue!
opment and importance of flour. It is

the only one of its kind in the world.
www.flourworld.de
Tom Blacker
Directory Coordinator
www.muehlenchemie.de
PS: Dont miss out on being included in our upcoming International Milling
Directory for 2015/16. There is still time to place your advertisement, banner,
product profile, logos, etc. Just contact me on: tomb@perendale.co.uk and I will
help you through the ordering process.
Milling News
Lallemand Animal Nutrition confirms its silage

expert position
allemand Animal
Nutrition was
pleased to
take part in the XVII
International Silage
Conference organised by
ESALQ (Luiz de Queiroz
College of Agriculture,
University of So Paulo)
in Piracicaba, So Paulo,
Brazil, from July 1st to
3rd, as platinum sponsor
of the event, industry
exhibitor and scientific
contributor. This event gathered more
than 300 attendees from 32 countries,
among them some of the most
important scientists and researchers
on silage and many industry
representatives. Moreover, it was the
first time that the International Silage
Conference was held in the Southern

Hemisphere.
Lallemand Animal Nutrition
confirmed its position as global
silage expert during this key event.
Two lectures were presented by the
Lallemand silage team: Dr Pascal
European Investment Bank

and FAO bolster investment in
agriculture
he European Investment
Bank (EIB) is expanding
its collaboration with FAO,
a move aimed at broadening and
deepening investment in agriculture
in countries outside of the European
Union.
The two institutions have signed
a five-year Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) that seeks to
foster investment operations in the
field of agriculture, private sector
development and value chains that
promote both EIBs priorities and
FAOs strategic objectives.
The agreement, announced during
the Third International Conference on
Financing for Development, further
marks the engagement of the EIB in
the agribusiness sector and, for FAO,
a partnership with the worlds largest
multilateral financial institution that
was signed in Addis Ababa in midJuly.
FAOs expertise in investmentrelated policies and project
formulation for investment, together
with EIBs access to international
capital markets and prowess in
devising robust investment operations,
are natural complements to one

another.
Looking to neighbours and

beyond
The cooperation will initially look

towards the Eastern and Southern
neighbour countries of the European
Union and the member states of
the African Caribbean and Pacific
Group of States (ACP), with the
first initiatives likely to focus on
investment support in Georgia and
Ukraine, leveraging the EIBs existing
credit lines.
Many of the ACPs 79 member
states are particularly vulnerable to
climate change, a priority for both
institutions. The articulation of the
two institutions interventions in the
regions agricultural and food sector
Drouin, Forage Research

Manager, and Bernard
Andrieu, Lalsil Brand
Manager. More than 15
posters presented concerned
Lallemand strains or products.
Julien Sindou, Global
Silage Product Manager,
commented: We are
particularly pleased that the
first International Silage
Conference to be organised
in the Southern Hemisphere
is hosted by ESALQ at
the University of So Paulo, who
has been a privileged partner for
Lallemand Animal Nutrition for some
fifteen years; a fruitful relationship
that has led to major achievements
such as the patent for L. buchneri
40788 application in sugar cane.
will build on these common priorities.
EIBs four priority areas for
investment include boosting
innovation and skills, climate action,
strategic infrastructure and improving
access to finance for smaller
businesses. It recently agreed also to
focus support towards young farmers
and local initiatives favouring supply
chains to boost rural incomes.
Supporting EU policy goals
The European Investment Bank

(EIB) is the long-term lending
institution of the European Union
owned by its Member States. It makes
long-term finance available for sound
investment in order to contribute
towards EU policy goals.
An intergovernmental organisation,
FAO has 194 member nations, two
associate members and one member
organisation, the European Union.
It works to meet the demands posed
by major global trends in agricultural
development and challenges faced by
member nations.
Send us your news

Send your news items to
oliviah@perendale.co.uk
August 2015 | 15
Milling News
The Pelletier Column
Adjusting strategies to changing consumption habits
by Christophe Pelletier
The growing population is often
perceived as a threat for the
future. The challenges are there,
indeed. Yet, looking at the glass
half empty is not necessarily the
best approach. The future needs
to be looked at with a different
perspective than the past and the
present. Many things have to
change and evolve. It is true, but it was true a century ago,
too.
We should celebrate much more loudly than we currently
do the fact that, although there are still close to one
billion people hungry, an unprecedented number of six
billion people can eat enough every day. We also must
keep in mind that we achieve this performance in spite of
substantial food waste and inefficiencies in both production
and supply chains in many regions. If we need to change
how we operate in these two areas, it is also crucial to be
alert to adapt to a changing consumer market.
The growing world population is not so much about how
many people there will be in 2050 as it is about what
they will eat. The diets of the future will determine the
sustainability of food supply. Proper nutrition education
is an absolute necessity to get on the path of a sustainable
agriculture. The exciting part of feeding the future lies
in the dynamics of future food markets. The population
is growing but not everywhere in the same way or at the
same pace. Next to the growing number of people, their
economic situation also evolves at different paces between
the regions.
As the number of people joining the world middle class
increases, they will look at food differently... and so must
food producers. There are useful lessons to learn from
the evolution of food markets in Western countries after
World War II. Todays emerging countries show a similar
pattern. Food is not anymore a matter of daily survival
for their populations. Food is not just for the stomach
anymore but the psychology of food consumption evolves,
too. That is exactly what Maslow described with his
pyramid of needs. Once the physical need is covered, in
this case food security, other needs appear. The social and
emotional functions of food start to prevail. As they go up
in the pyramid, consumers become more demanding and
challenging. It is quite normal. It is how human nature
works. It also has the amazing ability of disrupting the
desire of the industry for well-standardized and costefficient processes; hence the frustration and the difficulty
to get on the same wave length.
With increasing absolute numbers of wealthier and more

critical consumers, it is only normal to expect a strong
growth of niche specialties. Such a trend started several
decades ago in Europe and has been in full bloom in the
US for some time, too. A similar trend is already growing
in the leading emerging countries such as China and India,
and it will only grow further and stronger. The future offers
an amazing number of possibilities for niche markets. The
reasons and possibilities for differentiation are and will
be many. They range from physical quality to production
methods to social, philosophical, political, ethnic and
ethical issues as well as provenance, transparency and
trust. Feel free to define subgroups in these categories and
you will map a myriad of possibilities.
Such trends will be true for all food categories. Some
food groups will keep showing very strong growth in
the coming decade. That is the case for protein, and in
particular animal protein. Protein crops will be in demand
for animal feed production. Carbohydrate crops will
increasingly be used for animal feed both in volume as in
share of total consumption. Oil seeds and oil crops will
also show a strong demand because of their many uses
in industrial processes, not only as human food. It will
also be the case of fruits and vegetables and of pleasure
commodities such as nuts, cocoa and coffee.
Beverages, in particular wine and beer will also drive
strong demand for grapes and barley. For these food
categories, the growth will be on both volume and the
number of niche specialties, which will create even more
levels of opportunities. Other food groups will reinvent
themselves mostly through quality schemes. Expect this
to be the case for the food groups with a bad reputation
such as edible fats and grain. The trend towards a change
of heart regarding fats is already in motion and many
prejudices are now being corrected. The same will happen
with carbohydrates in the future. When that happens,
consumption will not return towards undiscerning use
of fats and carbohydrates in large amounts, but it will be
about nutritional, sensory and health qualities.
The world is changing and opportunities will come up
in different places than by the past. Anticipate, adapt and
thrive!
Christophe Pelletier is a food and agriculture strategist

and futurist from Canada. He works internationally. He
has published two books on feeding the worlds growing
population. His blog is called The Food Futurist.
2015 Alltech mycotoxin storage analysis:
Mycotoxins a growing concern for European ruminants
ycotoxins are increasingly

causing a negative impact
on farms in terms of
higher costs and lower productivity.
Due to continuous development of
moulds in storage, corn silage is now
trending at high risk for mycotoxin
contamination which contributes to
a higher risk for total mixed rations
(TMR), according to Alltechs recent
mycotoxin storage analysis for 2015.
Alltech has analysed more than 800
samples of European ruminant feed
from September 2014 to July 2015.
Mycotoxicosis in ruminants is often
the result of exposure to multiple
toxins, due to preharvest infestation
of feed materials by Fusarium
species as well as from postharvest
contamination of stored materials.
Due to multiple mycotoxins at lower
levels, the damaging effects on
ruminants may not always be evident
by solely observing the animals.
All mycotoxins are produced by
moulds. Moulds are highly influenced by
weather conditions and environmental
factors. Factors that affect mycotoxin
production in fermented forages

include plant stress prior to harvest,
packing density, moisture [and] oxygen
exposure, said Dr Max Hawkins, a
nutritionist with Alltechs Mycotoxin
Management Team.
Through Alltechs Analytical
Services Laboratory, the companys
37+ mycotoxin analysis program
evaluates the change in mycotoxin
numbers and levels over time from
harvest through storage. By analysing
the number and levels of mycotoxins
present, the program can provide a
Risk Equivalent Quantity (REQ) of
the increase in risk from harvest to
feed out.
The most prevalent mycotoxins
found in corn silage include Type
B Trichothecenes and Fusaric Acid.
According to Dr Hawkins, corn silage
in Europe is more contaminated
than grass silage and appears to be
representing a greater risk; therefore
it is a more problematic ingredient.
However, this does not indicate that
grass silage is risk-free. In terms of
risk for dairy and beef, both are at
Milling News
high risk due to presence of Type B
Trichothecenes and Fusaric Acid.
REQ levels for dairy illustrate 60
percent high risk, 26 percent medium
risk and almost 16 percent low risk.
The average REQ for beef cattle is
at moderate to high-risk level. More
than 83 percent of the corn silage
samples are at moderate to high risk
for dairy cattle. Total mixed rations
(TMR) samples illustrate more than
60 percent contain at least three
mycotoxins. Type B Trichothecenes,
Fusaric Acid and Penicillium show
significant prominence and influence
dry matter intake, rumen function,
milk/ meat production, gut health,
low immune response and growth
rate, which can affect the life time
performance of dairy and beef cattle.
One-third of TMR samples from
European dairy and beef cattle are at
high-risk level.
The TMR monthly average shows a
definite increase over time originating
from a low risk to well above a
high risk. This is prevalent from
the samples coming from Europe.
The trend since February 2015 has
demonstrated a much higher REQ
level to cow health and performance.
GLOBALG.A.P.
AQUACULTURE
STANDARD
VERSION 5
NOW ONLINE
GLOBALG.A.P. COMPOUND FEED

MANUFACTURING STANDARD
Safe Feed - Safe Food
Check out our website for events happening near you!
www.globalgap.org/events
August 2015 | 17
Milling News
COMPANY
UPDATES
Cooperatives supply a central cooperative

by Chris Jackson, Export Manager UK TAG
This month I
am writing my
column from
Indonesia having
led a group of UK
companies to the
Indo Livestock
exhibition held
this year in
Surabaya, the second biggest Indonesian
city. Surabaya is located in the East
Java region, one of the most important
agricultural regions in the country.
Demonstrating the importance of agriculture
here, the exhibition was opened by their
Director General of Livestock and Animal
Health Services, Dr Ir Muladno. Our
exhibiters were kept very busy throughout
the show, hopefully good business will
follow benefiting both countries.
This is a country where the Government
wants to see serious improvement to the
agricultural sector for three reasons:
To cut their reliance on imported
products
Establish a significant export trade using
their abundant natural resources
Significantly improve rural incomes
This week in East Java I have been shown
farms that are already improving their
incomes by making use of cooperative
marketing. Government help has enabled
them to create a tiered system for marketing
dairy products, whereby a group of village
cooperatives supply a central cooperative.
The central cooperative then, in turn,
manufactures the milk with UHT treatment,
adding flavours before proceeding to send to
the supermarkets of Jakarta.
In addition to marketing, at village level
the cooperative takes back the cows from
the farmers when their lactations finish and
return them to the dairy farmers once they
have calved down again. This way they only
keep cows that are producing an income.
In return for this service, the cooperative
keep the calves, they sell on bull
calves whilst retaining heifers for herd
replacements and expansion.
An insemination service is also provided
for the farms. Sexed semen of the Holstein
breed seems to be the animal of choice,
likely because it has a short production life

and there can be difficulty in maintaining
herd numbers.
East Java alone has about 500 000 milking
cows, they want to double this number as
currently there is market demand which
cannot be met.
Milk production per cow is not high, but
attention to stockman ship is good. We were
constantly asked for information on feeding
to improve milk yields.
Genetics also plays a key role; perhaps
looking at some different breeding
programmes to gain production in the
first instance would be advantageous.
Additionally, using hardier breeds will
probably, given the conditions, give as
much milk as the Holstein but have other
advantages in regards to replacement,
longevity and health.
The animals are kept in herds of mostly up
to five cows being the norm. Forage is cut
daily from forested areas and taken to the
cows. The grass is course and in its raw
state is acknowledged to be difficult for the
rumens to cope with. They do try chopping
the grass to make it more palatable but that
does not break the cellulose chain to make
more carbohydrate available in the rumen.
For the larger herds imported lucerne is
available. In the dry season grass shortage
can be problematic as there are no facilities
to dry or ensile the product when it is in
abundance.
Locally bred bull calves are frequently
used in the feeding lots with imports
from Australia, again quality of feed is a
reoccurring issue.
In addition to the farming we saw first hand
the efficiency of cooperation. Small bio
gas plants were utilising manure to supply
several families who would then use the
final dried waste to produce flowers and
vegetables for Surabaya.
I have to say that if I were a young man
I would really like to come to Indonesia
to farm the opportunities here I think are
fantastic.
Next month I will take a group of UK
companies to China, I look forward to
reporting on this event.
@AgrictecExports
AB Vista opens first office in India

to serve growing customer base.
On July 31, 2015 AB Vista has
opened its first office in India,
following extensive growth in the
region during the past eight years.
The new office, located in Pune, will
serve as a base for sales, technical,
finance and supply chain functions,
and is the first such headquarters in
the region.
Alltech sponsors first mineral

symposium at PSA annual
meeting. For the first time in its 104year history, the Poultry Science
Association (PSA) annual meeting,
held in Louisville, Kentucky,
July 27-30, included a mineral
symposium. Changing Insight into
the Role of Trace Minerals was
presented and sponsored by Alltech.
This symposium reflected on the
broad range of new information
about trace elements and suggested
several ways of putting this science
to good use.
Anpario awarded the Queens

Award for Enterprise. Anpario
plc, Meriden Animal Healths parent
company, is delighted to announce
that they have won The Queens
Award for Enterprise for outstanding
acheivement in International Trade.
The Queens Award for Enterprise is
the UKs most prestigious accolade,
designed to recognise and reward
the achievements of UK businesses
that have shown outstanding and
sustained growth. The awards are
made each year by Her Majesty
The Queen on the advice of the
Prime Minister, who is assisted by
an Advisory Committee including
representatives of Government,
industry and commerce and trade
unions.
Milling News
Supplementary
feeding of
live insects
as a source
of protein for
broilers
ForFarmers and
WUR start joint trial
ForFarmers has launched a trial
together with the Department
of Entomology at Wageningen
University in The Netherlands, to
explore the impacts of live insects as a
source of protein in the broilers diet.
Leon Marchal, Nutrition and
Innovation Director at ForFarmers
says, The most important research
question is whether the chicks are
growing healthily and at a sufficient
rate in comparison to a traditional
diet.
We also want to look at whether
the broilers natural behaviour will
improve as a result of the addition of
live insects. If this project proves to
be a success, it will be an important
step towards further sustainability
within the industry.
ForFarmers have commented that
early observations have clearly shown
more lively foraging behaviours
amongst the broiler chicks, and that
it is known that more active Broiler
chickens have less leg disorders.
The trial is being conducted at
ForFarmers experimental farm in
Nijkerk, The Netherlands, where a
total of 1000 chicks are being fed
in four different groups. A control
group will be given a traditional
diet, while the remaining three will
be given 5 percent, 10 percent or 15
percent respectively of black soldier
fly larvae. The high protein content of
these larvae replaces up to 75 percent
of a protein like soya.
The larvae from this species are
truly omnivorous and are relatively
easy to grow, according to Albert
Dijkslag, Poultry Innovation Manager
at ForFarmers.
This will also result in profit for the
farmer and increased sustainability.
These larvae are grown on residual
flows from the food industry. These
residual flows and the protein within
Leon Marchal and Albert

Dijkslag, ForFarmers
these would otherwise end up in

biomass (fuel), however now they are
available as feed.
And if the trial proves successful,
we will have found an alternative
source of protein, he added
Natural nutrition and behaviour
The initial results are expected
in September. The application is
currently quite expensive. But its
definitely a good first step and mindset. If we see positive results, we will
continue with the further optimisation
and development of the trial, Mr
Dijkslag explained.
Elaborating on the high costs of
the application, and if possible,
how this price might reduce, Mr
Marchal responded with, The
cost of production of insects will
reduce in the future. The two major
contributors are automation and better
feed efficiency/growth performance.
Currently the nutritional knowhow of
how to best feed insects is still in its
infancy if you compare it to the level
we are at with for example pigs and
poultry. The few small producers that
exist generally protect their own way
of operating and exactly what they
are feeding. What is needed to really
boast the rearing of insects is the
development of publically available
feed tables and nutrient requirements
of the insects. This will create a
common foundation on which others
can build and compete again with
each other as individual companies.
Mr Marchal added, The nice thing

here is that chickens in the wild are
naturally omnivorous and insects
would feature as part of their diet, the
outcome of the project therefore could
be to help birds further express their
natural behavior.
ForFarmers wants to be a leader in
sustainability, given its position in the
food chain. ForFarmers is providing a
contribution to an economically viable
and sustainable food production by
efficiently producing animal feeds
and developing products and concepts
which allow the animals to utilise the
food in a healthier and better way improved feeding efficiency. This trial
with live insects indicates ForFarmers
is really giving substance to its
sustainability ambition.
The various different parties
involved think it will be some time
before the large scale supplementing
of diets with live insects can be
introduced in practice. When I asked
ForFarmers about this, they predicted
that realistically speaking they expect
the first steps to be taken in 2016
or 2017, but this greatly depends
on whether they are able to create
a market pull by implementation
in a premium segment. Noting that
currently there are several premium
segments (besides organic) with
attention to animal welfare or
sustainability, and see live insect feed
as possibly improving such premium
segments further.
August 2015 | 21
Milling News
Mycotoxins and other hazards controlled by the use of FSP
by Els van der Boon, Program Manager Feed Support Products, GMP+
afe feed and food
starts with secure risk
management. For this,
GMP+ International offers their
knowledge and information
through the Feed Support
Products (FSP). The Feed
Support Products are intended to
support all future GMP+ certified
companies with setting up their company-specific HACCP
system. The responsibility for use and implementation
remains with the GMP+ certified companies, the Feed
Support Products can offer support in this process. The
FSP is also intended as a reference for the auditors within
the framework of GMP+ certification.
The following products are a part of FSP:
Fact Sheets - The fact sheets show background details
regarding the hazards and the (explanation of the)
severity of the risk to animals and humans. The content
of the fact sheets is as follows: Nature, history and
prevalence; Transmission to the environment, plants,
animals and humans; Diagnose of poisoning; Potential
hazards and adverse effects; Severity of the hazard;
Standards; Analysis methods and Control measures. The
company when undergoing a specific risk analyses can
use the information. Fact sheets are available for several
mycotoxins and other undesirable substances (hazards) in
the Risk Assessments and for processing aids.
Generic Risk Assessments - This section of FSP contains
about 200 risk assessments of feed materials for Foodproducing animals (including goats, poultry, cattle, sheep
and pigs, but also horses and rabbits). Farmed fish will
be included. The risk assessments in the FSP database are
of a generic nature and represent a worst-case scenario.
The risk assessment gives information about a production
process and the resulting possible hazards.
Product list - This list gives a short summary of all
products available. There are about 600 products on the
list that may be used as a feed material in the GMP+ Feed
Certification scheme.
Product standards - Standards with maximum permitted
levels have been issued by legislation and by GMP+
International for many hazards in order to be able to
determine if a feed material is safe. All the standards are
a part of the GMP+ FC scheme, GMP+ BA1 Product
Standards. Also the standards for mycotoxins are
included.
GMP+ Monitoring database - A service from GMP+
International is the GMP+ Monitoring database.
Companies can put their analyses into the database and
can share these results with a group of companies or
with the GMP+ community. Sharing is an option, not a

requirement. Monitoring results can be used to assess the
likely occurrence of a hazard. In the Database there are
for mycotoxins analyses results available. It is possible to
make overviews per product for a defined period.
The GMP+ monitoring database is an easy tool for storing
and sharing analysis results, you can easily check if the
products meet the standards.
Guidances - At the beginning of 2014 the first GMP+
guidance about implementation of a Feed Safety System
in accordance with the GMP+ Feed Certification scheme
had been launched. The D1.2 GMP+ guidance contains
all needed information and steps and can be ordered via
the webshop of GMP+ International.
Your benefits
FSP provides ease of use, a uniform source of relevant

data, linking of relevant files and efficient searching. The
benefits of use are:
up to date knowledge of risks of feed materials
up to date knowledge of undesirable substances;
assessment from independent experts;
a uniform source of knowledge;
automatic linking of all relevant files.
Core values
The Feed Support Products operates from four core

values:
Practical information - The information in FSP about
processing, possible hazards, risk assessments and
monitoring data is received from GMP+ companies.
Science based - The (generic) risk assessments of feed
materials fully comply with the requirements referred to
in the HACCP manual for the animal feed sector (2008).
To substantiate potential adverse effects of a hazard,
the information is published in fact sheets for both
undesirable substances and technical processing aids.
The severity of hazards indicated in fact sheets and risk
assessments have been evaluated by scientists of RIKILT.
Independency - The policy and technical aspects of
FSP are reviewed by independent committees, the
International Expert Committee Animal Feed (IEC
Animal Feed) and the Technical Committee FSP (TC
FSP), the latter acts as a HACCP team for the FSP.
The TC FSP has members who are representatives of
different subsectors and knowledge areas (chemical and
microbiological)
The meeting of TC FSP will at least take place two times
a year. Besides the regular members of the TC FSP,
advisors can be invited to TC meetings. These advisors
are either laboratory representatives, representatives of
Milling News
the Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority,

or scientists (eg. Rikilt). Also independent advisors
from certification bodies or consultancy agencies can
be invited to (parts of) the TC.
Transparency - GMP+ uses a transparent
communication to all stakeholders as well as
transparent working methods. Procedures for changes
are described. Every change is communicated to the
GMP+ community via the FSP newsletters.
How do we keep the FSP up to date?
The content of the different products continuously

changes due to new feed legislation, regulations,
emerging risks and new scientific information.
Changes include new feed materials/products,
hazards, new product-hazard combinations and new
standards (legislation). These changes are periodically
processed by GMP+ International within FSP by a
maintenance procedure.
Changes in a hazards severity or effect are processed
in factsheets and/or risk assessments. If needed,
changes in risk assessments, factsheets, GMP+
standards or monitoring program, are discussed within
the TC FSP. Reasons for changes can be (among
others):
In general:
New feed legislation
Early Warning System (EWS) from GMP+
Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF)
Feed Crises
New scientific information/new hazards (eg. from
TNO, Rikilt, EFSA)
Practical experiences from companies
Information must be evaluated on the necessity for
taking immediate action. In some cases, immediate
action is needed, for instance in case of a newly
emerging risk. Other types of information, for instance
scientific information, can be processed in a later stage
and will be filed for planned maintenance of FSP
information annually.
If new non-conformities related to food and feed
safety occur there must be a short-term evaluation
about the consequence for feed (if it is a nonconformity from food) and the consequences for FSP.
New hazards can be communicated in a short term to
the feed sector.
GMP+ certified companies are being informed of
changes in risk assessments and/or fact-sheets by
means of newsletters. All newsletters can be found
on the GMP+ portal www.gmpplus.org (under In the
Spotlight).
Die and roll re-working machines
www.oj-hojtryk.dk
Phone: +45 75 14 22 55
Fax: +45 82 28 91 41
mail: info@oj-hojtryk.dk
O&J Hjtryk A/S

rnevej 1, DK-6705
Esbjerg
CVR.: 73 66 86 11
August 2015 | 23
The industrys most

authoritative resource
on feed production
European statistics
his month we look at European statistics

both feed and specifically ruminants. We are
using two sources of statistics; our regular
contributor Alltech and FEFAC, the European Feed
Manufacturers Federation.
Europe produced 224.6
million tonnes of compound
feeds in 2013, the latest year
for compiled statistics from
the Federation.
Ruminants, including
cattle, dairy cows, sheep
and goats, and the focus
of our ruminant review
this month is also based
on FEFAC statistics from
2013, showing some 32.5
million tonnes of compound
feeds (or 27.5 percent)
were produced by the EU
28. To this must be added
FEFACs others category,
which is mostly made up
of sheep and goat feeds and
accounting for a further 10
million tonnes in 2013.
Mill
Training
Twenty-nine participants from eight countries learnt the

nuances of large-scale industrial feed and much more, when
they attended the feed manufacturing course held on July
7-10, 2015 at IGP-KSU. Feed mill supervisors and managers,
plant operators, quality assurance managers, nutritionists
and supplement manufacturers were some of the individuals
who attended the training.
IGP-KSU Feed
Manufacturing Training
Taking this course, participants were able to learn the
new trends in feed manufacturing and to strengthen their
knowledge on the crucial concepts that make the feed
production process more effective, says Carlos Campabadal,
Feed Manufacturing and Grain Management Curriculum
Manager and course manager.
The four-day course focused on grain storage, particle size
reduction, batching and mixing, extrusion, animal nutrition,
pelleting, quality control and advances in feed technology. The
course encompassed lectures, workshops and tours of the O.H.
Kruse Feed Mill and Kansas States dairy facilities.
Course participant Peter Dehn, feed mill manager from
KJMM Pork & Grain, appreciates the networking opportunities
he will gain by attending an IGP Institute course. New to the
industry, Dehn decided to attend the course to understand what
his employees jobs entail.

The fact that we can communicate back with IGP Institute
after the course, thats fantastic. This has been a top-notch,
professional and classy course, top to bottom, says Dehn.
Fellow course participant Ayoola Oduntan, group managing
director of three companies, national president of the Poultry
Association of Nigeria adds, Im now better equipped to
manage the feed complex. Im definitely going to get some of
our managers to attend this course.
In addition to feed manufacturing and grain quality
management, the IGP Institute offers courses in the areas of
flour milling and grain processing, and grain marketing and
risk management.
T u r n k ey
Feed Mill
Systems
Gear Driven Pellet Mill
w w w. y e m t a r. c o m
600 Evler Mah. Balikesir Asfalt Sol Taraf Cad.

No:65 BANDIRMA / BALIKESR / TURKEY
P(+90)266 733 85 50 | F(+90)266 733 85 54
August 2015 | 27
Pellet cooler Coolex
PRODUCT FOCUS
AUGUST 2015
In every edition of Milling and Grain,
we take a look at the products that will
be saving you time and money in the
milling process.
Bhler has launched the new pellet cooler Coolex. Coolex

provides efficient cooling of the hot pellets discharged from
the pelleting process, this is the only way to obtain high-quality
end products with optimal hygiene. With its integral production
processes, using Coolex as an integrated cooling system
component, Bhler supports feed manufacturers in increasing
their product quality and hygiene while reducing their costs.
The innovative design of
this system is based on the
countercurrent cooling
principle. Coolex offers
regulation of the discharge
gap, ensured continuous
product discharge, uniform
cooling, an optimal
moisture content, and a
consistently high pellet
quality.
www.buhlergroup.com
Perry belt drier

Perry launch brand new belt drier - The most significant
product release in a decade Perrys brand new belt drier is
capable of drying everything from woodchip to cereals and
granular products to recycled waste.
When drying wheat you can expect capacities of up to 60tph
with a 5 percent moisture reduction. As standard it has fully
galvanised, modular design (2.1m length increments) with 3
different widths available (1.5m, 2.2m and 3m). A full stainless
steel assembly and a fully insulated model are additional
options available.
It is available with either axial or
centrifugal fans; axial
fans allow for lower air
speeds and pressure in
comparison to
the centrifugal
fans and have
a lower power
consumption.
Processing equipment This

month we look at the latest
products available for
processing lines
www.perryofoakley.co.uk
Semiautomatic screen changer
Density Control System
Dinnissen Process Technology is introducing its newest Hamex

Hammer Mill fitted with a semiautomatic screen changing
system. This latest model was developed to provide users who
regularly switch from one product to another with increased
speed, convenience and energy savings.
Wenger has integrated three successful, existing process

components together to create a new Automatic Density
Control (ADC) system for the control of wet bulk density during
production of pet foods.
The semiautomatic screen changer allows the user to quickly

change screens without stopping the grinding rotor. This
minimises downtime during the grinding
process and maximises production
capacity. In addition, as the
grinding rotor and the motor no
longer have to be repeatedly
switched on and off, it also
saves a great deal of
energy.
www.dinnissen.nl
The Wenger ADC system incorporates a sampling and bulk

density measuring device (Source Technologys BDS) into
a system that includes the Wenger back pressure valve
(BPV) on the extruder barrel and Wengers integrated APM
(automated process management) extrusion control system to
automatically measure product density and adjust the process
to maintain the desired density specifications.
Wengers ADC can be installed as part
of a new system or retrofitted into
a system that already has one
or more of the three basic
components.
www.wenger.com
FOCUS
SPECIAL FOCUS
As an essential part of Famsuns extruder machinery, the singlescrew extruder (for aquafeed, raw materials) is widely used in
feed plants. The removal of screws has always been a problem
in the operation of extruder machinery. Every manufacturer may
have its own removal tool kit, yet few can offer satisfactory
solutions.
To develop new efficient removal tool kits, the following three
factors should be taken into consideration:
To begin with, during peak production season, the machines have
to stay operational as long as possible to cut the costs incurred by
downtime. For instance, without an efficient method, removing
the screw head can take anywhere between 30 minutes and one or
two days with nothing but temporary tools at hand. Considering
the time consumed, it is of significant necessity to make
improvements in the removal process to meet the production
agenda.
Second, to lengthen the service life of the screw head, it is
necessary to minimise the damage done to the screw head when it
is being taken off.
Third, a high degree of automation is
necessary. So far, some of Famsuns raw
material extruders have been automatised
and these machines are more operationfriendly than they used to be. But simpler,
faster removal tools are still needed to
improve the competitiveness of Famsuns
machinery.
Currently, the removal tool kits available
are for raw material extruders. For
TPH/PHY200, TPH260/PHY260 series
extruder, the removal tool kit in use does
not deliver satisfactory results. Because
of its structure, the tool can only remove
Spilt
the first section of the screw. Besides,
locking
current removal tools also require specific
sleeve
screw leads. It also takes a lot of effort
and time to manually turn the screw lever,
especially when some screws havent
Pull rod set
been removed for years. For single screw
extruders for aquafeed, however, the
aforementioned method does not work.
Compared with earlier versions, the
up-to-date removal tool kit can remove
single screws of all types (TPH200/260;
PHY200/260; SJPS135/165/215/265), not
just the first section of certain types of screws.
The time needed to remove one section is less than 20 minutes.
Its structure and operating principles are as follows:
Performance:
Time spent in removing one section of screw: 20min
Maximum thrust: 30TX2
Ability to remove each section of the screw: yes
Number of operators: two
Structure:
Double jack: to balance the force
Hand pump: easy to handle
Anti-deviation design: to ensure precision
Extension rod: to make it easier to drive the whole screw out
Famsuns single-screw removal tool kit

Mounting plate: waist-shaped holes in the plate make it easier
to readjust the hold hoops in different positions
Spindle position-limit mechanism: prevents the spindle from
shifting position when it is being knocked out by the ejection
mechanism (Patent No. 201320370871.3)
Screw ejection mechanism:
The pair of jacks can be operated with the hand pump, their
stroke synchronised by hand with less effort
The mounting plate facilitates the fixation of the pair of jacks
The waist-shaped holes make it easier to adjust the phase of the
hold hoops in different positions
The split locking sleeves are easier to install
The anti-deviation design prevents the unsynchronised jack from
getting stuck with the main spindle
There are 20 extension rods included, to help remove the last
screws.
Screw
Main spindle
Position-limiting mechanism:
The position-limiting mechanism is used to prevent the
spindle from being damaged by friction caused by the
spindle in the block and the main spindle (the current
structure of the extruder only has a limit screw to bear
backward thrust; without a limit screw to counter forward
force, the spindle can only take a little forward-pulling
force)
The front bezel is composed of two half-type panels fixed in
the inner wall of the spindle
The backplate is composed of two quartered pieces fixed in
the inner ring of the rear spindle
The front bezel and the backplate are connected by a stopper
bolt
There are two M30 lock screws; each of them can bear an
axial force of more than 30 tonnes.
www.muyang.com
August 2015 | 29
Stabilising rice bran

through high shear
extrusion
by Dr Nabil W. Said, VP Nutrition & Extrusion Technologies,

Insta-pro International
Figure 1
ice is considered one of the worlds

most important crops and is a major
part of the food culture in Asia, Latin
America, Africa and other parts of the
world.
Global rice production is steadily
increasing to meet the growing
demand for food from a rapidly
rising global population. The Food
and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) United Nations estimated
that 2015 production of rice is around 500 million metric
ton. Production of grains including rice is currently meeting
and exceeding consumption. As more rice is being produced
and processed, another part of the paddy, rice bran, is being
generated.
Rough rice or paddy (see diagram) consists of the white starchy
rice kernel, surrounded by a tightly adhering brown coating of
bran and enclosed within a loose outer hull. During the rice
milling process, the hull and the bran along with the rice germ are
removed mechanically to access and polish the white rice, which
is the principle sustenance for the majority of worlds population.
Due to the lack of a proper method for rice bran stabilisation in
under developed and developing countries, rice bran was underutilised until low cost extruders were introduced in the market.
from raw or parboiled paddy.

Besides the protein and energy, stabilised rice bran is an
excellent source of vitamins B and E and some antioxidants. It
has been used as an ingredient in poultry, pet food, and ruminant
animal diets.
The urgency for stabilisation of rice bran
Rice bran has a powerful enzyme system which is activated

during the milling process and causes rapid deterioration of the
oil by exposure to the enzyme lipase and, to a certain extent,
oxidase. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the oil into free fatty acids
and glycerol will start and the acidity increases (reduced PH)
resulting in the development of a soapy off flavor.
The oil in the un-milled rice paddy is stable, as the Lipolytic
enzymes are located primarily in the seed coat. Whereas most
of the oil in the un-milled paddy or brown rice is stored in the
germ and the Aleurone cells (the protein rich outmost layer of
the endosperm), upon milling, the oil is subject to the activity of
the powerful lipase enzyme causing the accelerated break down
of the oil into free fatty acids and glycerol. The free fatty acids
become susceptible to further decomposition through oxidative
rancidity that will produce free radicals, cause soapy flavour and
General steps in the production and utilisation of

stabilised rice bran
The separation of the hulls and the bran can be through one,
or more stages. If the dehulling took place in one stage where
both the hulls and the bran are mixed, the oil content will be
low (below 10 percent), an economical separation of the oil is
not possible. However, the use of two stage rice mills, in which
the bran and the hulls are recovered separately, allows for an
economical extraction of oil.
The hulls (about 20 percent of the rice paddy by weight)
have no significant nutritional value as they consist mainly of
cellulose, lignin and select minerals. On the other hand, rice bran
(approximately 5-10 percent of the rice paddy by weight) is rich
in protein (14-18 percent) and energy; mainly in the form of the
oil it contains (10-20 percent). The percentage of oil in the bran
depends on the milling process, the contamination of the bran
with hulls and broken kernels and whether the bran is obtained
Figure 2
F
Figure 3
a reduction in the nutritional value. For this reason, it is of utmost

importance to immediately stabilise the bran to prevent the
deterioration and the rancidity of the oil.
Inactivation of enzymes through extrusion
High shear dry extrusion was developed by Insta-Pro

International in the late 1960s to inactivate the anti-nutritional
factors present in soybeans. Those anti-nutritional factors are
enzymes such as the trypsin Inhibitors, hemagglutinins, lipase,
lipoxygenases, urease and other anti-nutritional factors. If
ingested in their intact state, the anti-nutritional factors will

adversely affect the digestion of nutrients through their inhibitory
effects on the pancreatic enzymes responsible for digesting the
protein and carbohydrates. The high dry shear extruder generates
heat through friction (mechanical energy) along with pressure.
The barrel of the extruder consists of segmented chambers with a
shaft that rotates at constant speed.
Screws are fitted on the shaft separated by steam locks or shear
locks designed to disrupt the conveying of the material and force
some of it to revert back through channels in the wall of the barrel
thus generating shear and friction that raises the temperature of
the extrudate in a controlled manner (see the following figures).
Upon exiting the extruder, a sudden drop in the pressure
takes place that results in rupturing cell walls, releasing natural
anti-oxidants (tocopherols), partially dehydrating the product as
some of the moisture will be flashed off in the form of steam.
This sudden drop in pressure also results into sterilisation of the
product. As concluded from numerous scientific studies, viruses,
bacteria, coccidia, mold and yeast cannot survive the extrusion
conditions.
The inactivation of the enzymes takes place through altering the
tertiary structure by breaking the disulfide bonds holding the amino
acids strands together. The proper optimisation of the extrusion
parameters allows for the denaturing of those enzymes without the
adverse effect on the primary structure of the amino acids.
The cooking time takes only a few seconds and under the
proper conditions of operation, the digestibility of nutrients in
the extrudate would be at its highest level. The extruder has
been used as one of the most effective tools to stabilise products
through enzymes inactivation thus in the case of rice bran,
August 2015 | 31
F
Figure 4
stabilising it immediately after milling.

Fresh milled rice bran oil normally contains 1.5-2.0 percent
free fatty acids. Free fatty acids level of less than 5 percent
is desirable. If not stabilised within few hours after milling,
the free fatty acids in the oil will exceed the 5 percent level.
Exceeding 10 percent free fatty acids in the oil would indicate
less recoverable edible oil.
Utilisation and benefits of stabilised rice bran
Figure 5
Figure 6
Stabilised and extracted rice bran oil is very popular as a

cooking vegetable oil in China, Japan, Taiwan and other Asian
countries. In the late 1800s, it was discovered that East Indies
sailors suffered from what thought to be toxins or infection
generated from the white rice that they consumed. The disease
is called Beriberi. It was later discovered that when the sailors
were fed meat, vegetables and dry milk, the symptoms subsided
and disappeared. It was then recognised that it was a nutritional
deficiency in the polished rice that lead to the discovery of
vitamin B1, thiamin. This vitamin stays in the bran upon
polishing the rice. By adding rice polishing to the Beriberi
inflicted chickens diet, the fowl were cured of the disease.
Because of its content of decent protein level, oil, fibre and
antioxidants, stabilised rice bran can be used as an excellent
source of energy, protein and fibre in animal feeds, human food
and as a functional food or nutraceutical ingredient. Many claims
have been made as to its benefit in lowering the cholesterol
through its content of tocotrienols tocopherols, -sitosterol and
-oryzanol. It is also been used as a stool-bulking agent.
In the feed industry, stabilised rice bran is being used as a
palatable ingredient and excellent source of protein in pet food;
energy and fibre in equine feed, poultry and ruminant animals.
References available upon request
WORLDWIDE CALENDAR
2015 - 2018
VIV MEA 2016
FEBRUARI 16 - 18, ABU DHABI, U. A. E.
VIV ASIA 2017
MARCH 15 - 17, BANGKOK, THAILAND
VIV EUROPE 2018
JUNE 20 - 22, UTRECHT, THE NETHERLANDS
VIV RUSSIA 2015
MAY 19 - 21, MOSCOW, RUSSIA
WWW.VIV.NET
VIV TURKEY 2015
JUNE 11 - 13, ISTANBUL, TURKEY
VIV CHINA 2016
SEPTEMBER 6 - 8, BEIJING, CHINA
Brock Grain Systems
Storage | Handling | Conditioning | Structures
BROCK GRAIN SYSTEMS
A Division of CTB, Inc.

A Berkshire Hathaway Company
+1 574.658.4191 www.brockgrain.com brock@brockgrain.com
Game of Grains:
Why Indias agri-food policies

need a holistic review
by Raghavan Sampathkumar, SmartAgBiz, Singapore
Milling and Grain has invited Raghavan Sampathkumar, an agribusiness professional, based in Singapore, to
provide an overview of changing food policies on the food basket in developing countries such as India.
Mr Sampathkumar analyses key trends in the global agri-food sector and writes commentaries and columns
related to food prices, food crisis, sustainability, hunger and poverty
he term food basket here in India

actually means a real basket that an
average Indian homemaker takes to
shop for groceries and food. Some
decades ago, her basket (nowadays,
his too), will contain plenty of
vegetables, small millets and a rich
variety of leafy greens in addition to
staple grains, such as rice and wheat.
However, many of the above items had been vanishing, albeit
slowly from the food basket, and most of these are not even
known to the millennials and Gen X.
Even the older generation, that is popularly called as the
baby boomers, and who used to consume these diverse
foodstuffs everyday had, to a large extent, forgotten them. The
transformation of diet in India over the past few decades is mindblowing in the extreme and disturbing to boot.
In this article I would like to discus the key macro trends in the
consumption of select food crops in India; possible causes of the
transformation of diets; potential impacts on health and wellbeing
and, finally, the importance of enabling policies that can augment
not only food but the nutritional security of a country.
Although this analysis is primarily related to India, the
recommendations and implications can be applied to any country
that shares a similar agrarian, demographic and socio-economic
profile.
Is shrinking diet diversity a serious concern?
If one might think how relevant or important diversity in diets

is - that is, the different types of commodities and foods that
supply nutrients - then they should consider this. In a recent study
on how and from where population in different countries derive

their calories revealed that in the past 50 years, more and more
countries became dependent on fewer crops.
In other words, diets of majority of people in several countries
across the globe are becoming homogeneous and the dependence
on few key crops such as wheat, maize (corn) and soybean.
If harvests in any of the major regions that produce these crops
face adverse weather, the ramifications go deeper and wider
across the globe. Prices tend to soar, and producing countries may
take knee-jerk reactive measures to curb trade which will further
strangle global availability.
Any increase in food prices will push millions deep or deeper
into hunger and poverty, particularly in the low-income food
deficit countries in Asia and Africa. These issues may cause
social unrest and may lead to unexpected situations like the recent
Arab Spring.
Possible causes impacting diet diversity
Rising disposable incomes in tandem with economic growth are

driving dietary changes particularly in favour of animal protein
which in turn drives enormous growth in corn and soybean
sectors.
The much-celebrated middle-class boom in Asia where more
than a couple of hundred million people came out of abject
poverty in the last three decades and growing affluence in
the middle-to-high income socio-economic classes have also
contributed significantly to this phenomenon.
However, these few major crops have gradually been replacing
a huge variety of traditional and indigenous food crops across the
world.
For example, in India, there used to be a time when minor
F
millets, such as ragi (finger millet), cumbu (pearl millet) and
foods like cassava, were important parts of regular everyday diets
but were eventually replaced, over several decades, with food
products derived from wheat, rice and/or corn.
As incomes rise, diets undergo faster and greater transformation
and in the race to be affordable and available, obviously some
food crops get sidelined.
Economists are conveniently blaming the countrys impressive
economic growth and claim that people tend to move ahead
to consume more food items that are perceived rich and less
of those foods that are perceived inferior - but by no means
nutritionally!
However, what these statistics do not reveal is the resulting
impacts on human health, nutritional wellbeing and eventually
productivity of the generation that misses out on important
sources of nutrients from these diverse food crops.
Policy hi-jacking: Marginalisation of non-strategic

crops
If one asks whether Indias green revolution has helped the

country to achieve self-sufficiency in food, the obvious answer
from the people of the highest echelons of policy making and
politics would be a chest-thumping yes.
But, in truth, what was happening was literally policy hijacking by few groups with vested interests and the intent to
maintain their status quo under the guise of augmenting food
security.
In the process, nutritional security, health and wellbeing of the
population have become collateral damages.
Apart from minor millets, one of the biggest casualties
happened to be pulses, possibly the most important sources of

protein for majority of Indians. Following are some of the reasons
that caused or hastened marginalization of pulses.
First, unsupportive silo policies that are skewed and became
more favourable towards few crops such as rice and wheat.
However, the difference between growth in maize and soybean
versus rice and wheat is that the latter duo are primarily policydriven while the former are market or demand-driven, mainly
Rising disposable incomes

in tandem with economic
growth are driving dietary
changes particularly in favour
of animal protein which in
turn drives enormous growth
in corn and soybean sectors
from the meat sector. Major portion of the animal feed consists of
maize and soybean as raw materials.
Lack of appropriate support mechanisms including
procurement; sufficient marketing opportunities beyond
Government agencies; policies that hinder involvement of private
players in sourcing directly from farmers; lack of processing
infrastructure and value addition are some of the factors that
August 2015 | 35
F
discourage farmers to take up any other crops unless there are
absolutely no choices.
There is an entrenched belief that minimum support prices
(MSP), that are increased every year for these minor crops, will
motivate farmers to take up cultivation.
Unfortunately, that belief has been proven wrong at least in the
case of pulses since domestic production has been languishing
despite significant increases in MSP up to 87 percent over the
last four years for some crops like pigeon pea.
If anyone claims lack of demand from the consumers for pulses
as the cause for the negligible growth in production, the numbers
speak by themselves. Indias pulses imports have grown over
the last four years from nearly 15 percent in 2010-11 of the total
demand to reach 21 percent in 2012-13 before falling to nearly
17 percent in 2013-14.
However, what limits creating more demand is clear lack of
innovations in developing novel food products using pulses as
ingredients and dwindling research and development (R&D)
efforts and investments in this front.
Pulses, unfortunately, are perhaps the most under-utilised foods
considering their rich nutritional profile. In the developed world,
new market segments currently being explored with significant
interest are protein-rich products targeted at athletes and body
builders, and the partial replacement of cereals with pulse-based
ingredients in extruded food products (eg noodles, pasta, etc).
Other popular foods, including granola bars and breakfast foods,
have significant amount of pulses.
However, In India, research on these fronts has long been in
its nascent stages. Maize (corn) has undergone such a phase of
growth and exploration of unimaginable kinds of use options
and has become almost ubiquitous in several every day food
products. Similar efforts are needed to create demand for
pulses.
In a different perspective, questionable policies on fertiliser
pricing, particularly for nitrogen against other fertilisers, may
be a limiting factor for increasing pulses cultivation. Urea is
the cheapest of all fertilisers and an average farmer, without
understanding nutritional requirement and soil health will
obviously go for the cheapest fertiliser thinking it would result in
bountiful harvest.
However, all these not only worsen the already awkward
N-P-K ratio of the soil but impact the ecosystem, flora and fauna
particularly marine life due to loss of excessive nitrogen through
run off and leaching.
By taking a rational policy on this front will not only result in
encouraging pulses cultivation but also can help enhance soil
health, which is important from sustainability perspective.
Policy imperatives: Striking the right balance
A report from Indias National Council of Applied Economic

Research (NCAER) suggests that cereal-based food security
policies may not contribute significantly to achieve nutritional
security of the population.
However, if one digs deeper, it is evident that the recent Food
Security Act seems to indirectly support nothing but rice and
wheat. All the measures taken up under the act are seemingly
favouring these two crops while other minor cereals and pulses
are eventually getting further marginalised.
Given that the countrys protein consumption is miserably
stagnating at around 5057 grams-per-day over the last decade,
it is critical to give due importance to pulses and push through
conducive policies.
Indias unique strength in the coming decade is its demographic
dividend of having a median age of under 30 by the turn of the
About the author
Raghavan Sampathkumar has worked 11 years in agro

commodities, agri-inputs, GM/biotech crops and animal
health and nutrition sectors across Asia-Pacific, and has an
understanding of the complex political, socio-economic,
environmental and cultural perspectives of the Ag-food value
chain.
In his role as a consultant he has worked in international
marketing with Saskatchewan Pulse Growers; as a freelancer
with companies such as Promar Consulting, Japan and
also in various capacities with reputed MNCs including
Monsanto. He is the founder and principal consultant in
SmartAgBiz, a boutique firm that focuses exclusively on
market research for agribusiness sector.
Mr Sampathkumar graduated with distinctions in his
Master of Agribusiness degree from University of Adelaide,
Australia, and is also an alumnus of TNAU, Coimbatore,
India. He regularly delivers lectures at various institutes.
vnsraghav@gmail.com
next decade. Food and balanced nutrition forms the basis of
human productivity and wellbeing and when these are not given
due consideration, the opportunity cost or lost, indeed, could
be detrimental to the economic prosperity of the country in the
coming decades.
Unjustifiable emphasis on rice and wheat resulted in a situation
where these two crops contributing the biggest chunk of calories
and protein. At a time when prices of pulses are surging, average
Indian middle-class households and the poorest of the poor are
the most affected as they usually spend more than half to twothirds of their monthly income on food.
Such rise in prices will cause huge cuts on consumption of
pulses.
Cheaper carbohydrates will eventually replace the amount of
protein from pulses and other foods in case of price spurts. It
could possibly one of the reasons behind the emergence of a
diabetes epidemic in the country.
It would not be a surprise if India, in the near future, pips China
to claim the notorious throne of the diabetic capital of the world
with more than 100 million people affected: It would become a
public health disaster of the century.
Although imports can help bridge the gap in demand, steps
must be taken to encourage domestic production in order to avoid
potential hostage-like situations particularly at times of limited
availability.
All it requires is a: vision beyond vested interests and vote-bank
concerns; strong political will to take concerted efforts in terms
of increased investments in R&D and infrastructure across the
value-chain; conducive and balanced policies that are based on
holistic understanding of the realities of the agri-food sector on
the ground.
Reap the Benefits!

Creative
Industry
Farming &
Agriculture
Industry
Customised industrial bags for quick filling and

Food
Industry protection
Industrial
Householdof your
Medical &
reliable
filling goods.
Industry
Paper & Packaging

Industry
Pharmaceutical
Industry
Office &
Printing Paper
Industry
Pet
Ind
ng
r presenti
Window fo
ctively
ra
tt
a
d
o
go
the filling
e
g
le dosa
and simp
2
Hygienic
chniques
closure te
Discover Mondis
industrial bags innovations:
3
Compact
s
n
dimensio
able
Compost
h
it
w
s
bag
able film
biodegrad
r 5
Suitable fo
ct
ta
n
o
c
d
o
fo
Reliable
through
protection
lves
va
sealable
IN TOUCH EVERY DAY

www.mondigroup.com
IB_Muehle_Mischfutter_203.2x273.05_+3mm_E_2015.indd 1
10.04.15 09:10
Mycotoxins and mycotoxicosis in

by Francisco J. Martnez and Fernando Aguado, Export Department, Nufoer SL, Madrid, Spain
Cereal and cereal by-products, corn grains and corn
silage are thought to be the most exposed ingredients
to mould and mycotoxin contamination. This article by
Francisco Martinex and Fernando Aguado at Nufoer
SL in Spain looks at the major mycotoxins and why it is

important to test for an array and not for a single one
in order to analyse feed quality and risks
ycotoxicosis refers to the

different diseases caused
by exposure to different
mycotoxins, and it has a
high occurrence in livestock
production.
Mycotoxins are fungal
secondary metabolites, toxic
to humans and animals,
produced by certain species of fungus.
The growth capacity of these fungi depends on several
environmental factors such as moisture, temperature and
availability of energy and nitrogen sources.
Likewise, the production of mycotoxins depends on specific
environmental factors, and the presence of mycotoxigenic fungi
does not imply a presence of mycotoxins and vice versa, since
mycotoxins present great stability and can be present in feedstuffs
even after the deterioration of the producing fungus.
Cereal and cereal by-products, corn grains and corn silage
are thought to be the most exposed ingredients to mold and
mycotoxin contamination, depending on various factors such as
grain handling, processing and storage conditions.
Mechanically damaged grain seeds are more prone to mold

contamination than intact ones. Storage facilities with high
moisture content (above 13 15 percent) and high temperatures
(above 2527C) facilitate mold growth and contamination of
grain.
Depending on the feed contamination level, exposure,
environmental factors, mycotoxin, fungal species and animal
species involved, the clinical symptoms may differ.
However, mycotoxins rarely occur at concentrations high
enough to cause clinical symptoms: mycotoxins are more
frequently present in animal feed at low concentrations,
producing subclinical symptoms over a long period of time,
which are more difficult to diagnose and are of greater economic
importance (Marquardt, 1996; Bryden, 2004).
It is important to emphasize that mycotoxicosis are often owed
to the action of several mycotoxins ingested by the animals.
Indeed, different mycotoxins can occur simultaneously in
feedstuffs, since some mycotoxigenic fungi are known to
produce different kinds of mycotoxins, and feed raw materials
are commonly contaminated with different fungi species at a
time (Bottalico, 1998; Sweeney et al., 1998). In addition, a large
number of studies have shown toxicological interactions between
different mycotoxins, ranging from synergistic to antagonistic
interactions (Grenier et al., 2011; Mallmann et al., 2011).
Therefore, it is important to test for an array of mycotoxins and
not for a single one in order to analyze feed quality and risks.
Major mycotoxins in animal feed
There are over 300 mycotoxins discovered, but the main

mycotoxins classes of concern in animal and human health are
produced mostly by species of genus Aspergillus, Fusarium and
Penicillium. In the European Union context, only a few of these
mycotoxins (aflatoxins, fumonisins, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone
and ochratoxin A) are subjected to legal regulations setting
F
maximum levels or guidance values for the major mycotoxins in
different feedstuffs for different animal species.
Aflatoxins
Aflatoxins are a group of mycotoxins produced by two

ubiquitous species of Aspergillus. They primarily occur in crops
produced in tropical and subtropical regions. Peanut cake, palm
kernel, copra and corn gluten meal are considered to be the
primal source of aflatoxin exposure (EFSA, 2004a).
Toxigenic Aspergillus flavus produces aflatoxins B1 and B2,
while toxigenic Aspergillus parasiticus produces aflatoxins B1,
B2, G1 and G2 (Cotty et al., 1994). Among those, aflatoxin
B1 (AFB1) is considered to be the most prevalent and toxic
compound for animals and humans (EFSA, 2004a).
Aflatoxins are liposoluble compounds, and therefore are easily
absorbed in the digestive tract. AFB1 metabolism has been
thoroughly studied.
It is known to be metabolized in the liver, resulting in five
main metabolites, some of them with mutagenic, carcinogenic
and teratogenic effects, and with the capacity of diminishing
protein production (WHO, 1983; Nibbelink, 1986). Aflatoxin
M1 (AFM1), one of AFB1 metabolites, is excreted through
milk in significant concentrations, and it is thought to have an
hepatotoxic and carcinogenic effects in humans (Henry et al.,
2001).
Furthermore, AFB1 metabolites can also be found in muscular
tissues of different livestock species (and therefore found in meat
intended for human consumption) (Trucksess et al., 1983) and in
eggs of laying hens (Herzallah, 2013).
In pigs, acute symptoms appear right after consumption of
highly contaminated feed and the animals show depression,
anorexia, jaundice, hemorrhages, ataxia, diarrhea and death;

Chronic intoxications result in long term economic losses because
of drops in daily weight gain, feed intake, worsening in feed
conversion ratio, etc.
Occasionally, animals can present scaly skin or purple coloring,
lethargy and depression (Diekman et al., 1992; Radostits et al.,
2000; Mallmann et al., 2011).
Susceptibility to aflatoxins varies among poultry species and
breeds, being ducklings and turkeys the most susceptible species,
followed by quails and pheasants, and finally chickens, which
appear to be the most resistant species (Leeson et al., 1995).
Symptoms vary from decreased feed intake and weight loss to
a drop in hatch-ability and fertility, egg production and weight
(Leeson et al., 1995; Pandey et al., 2007, Herzallah, 2013).
Chronic intoxication in ruminants results in weight loss,
abortions, abnormal estrus cycle, decreased milk production,
mastitis, diarrhea and respiratory disorders (Cassel et al., 1988;
Guthrie, 1979).
Fumonisins
Fumonisins are a group of mycotoxins mainly produced by

fungi of the genus Fusarium. Among them, the most important
toxins are those belonging to the B group (fumonisins B1, B2
and B3) (Cawood et al., 1991); being fumonisin B1 (FB1) the
most toxic and frequent one (EFSA, 2005). They are toxic to
both animals and humans and they are framed in the group 2B of
carcinogenic substances (IARC, 1993).
Although fumonisins are almost exclusively found in corn, they
can still be found in other crops (Bullerman et al., 1994). Corn
and corn by-products are extensively used in animal nutrition.
Corn grain, for instance, because of its high energy content, is
R-Biopharm Rhne Ltd.
Be prepared for the EU recommendation

Complete range of test kits for the analysis of T-2 & HT-2 in food & feed
ELISA
For quantitative screening

RIDASCREEN T-2 / HT-2 Toxin (Art. No. 3505)
RIDASCREEN T-2 Toxin (Art. No. 3501)
RIDASCREENFAST T-2 Toxin (Art. No. R5302)
Lateral Flow
For rapid quantitative on-site results

RIDAQUICK T-2 / HT-2 RQS (Art. No. R5304) New
Immunoaffinity Columns
For clean-up prior to HPLC or LC-MS/MS

EASI-EXTRACT T-2 & HT-2 (Art. No. P43)
DZT MS-PREP (Art. No. P73)
Standards &
Reference Materials
R-Biopharm Rhne Ltd. Block 10 Todd Campus, West of Scotland Science Park, Acre Road, Glasgow Scotland G20 0XA www.r-biopharm.com
August 2015 | 39
F
one of the main components used in monogastric diets and cattle
concentrates.
Moreover, corn silage is frequently used in cattle nutrition,
and may represent up to 80 % of the daily ration. Corn byproducts such as corn oil, corn gluten or corn germ meal are also
frequently used in animal nutrition. Since fumonisins are stable
in high temperatures and resist fermentation, they can be found in
processed feedstuffs.
Fumonisins chemically resemble sphinganine and sphingosine,
responsible for the synthesis of sphingolipids, structural
compounds of cell membranes and are present in different tissues,
especially in the nervous system. These mycotoxins are able to
disrupt the metabolism of sphingolipids, causing alterations in
cell growth and differentiation, apoptosis and necrosis (Merrill et
al., 1996; Norred et al., 1998).
The toxins are eliminated mainly through feces, but a certain
amount can be eliminated through eggs and milk in laying hens
and dairy cattle respectively when high doses of fumonisins are
consumed.
Swine and horses are the most sensitive species to fumonisins,
especially to FB1; while poultry and ruminants are apparently
Galtier et al., 1981; WHO/FAO, 2001; EFSA, 2004c; Vlkel et

al., 2011).
OTA inhibits protein synthesis by competition with the amino
acid phenylalanine, and also promotes cell oxidation (WHO/
FAO, 2001; Marin et al., 2009). Furthermore, OTA is thought to
be involved in the occurrence of Balkan Endemic Nephropathy
in humans (Vrabcheva et al., 2004), though there might be other
environmental agents required to develop the disease (Abouzied
et al., 2002).
The pig is one the most sensitive species to OTA. The
mycotoxin primarily affects kidneys (Krogh, et al., 1979), sperm
production and quality reduction in boars (Biro et al., 2003).
Intoxicated animals develop polydipsia, up to four times the
normal water intake, and polyuria as a consequence. These signs
can be accompanied by diarrhea, bloody urine, decreased feed
consumption, decreased feed efficiency and decreased weight
gain (Szczech et al., 1973; Krogh et al., 1979; Cook et al., 1986).
Poultry species seem to be less sensitive than pigs to the effects
of OTA, mostly showing altered performance: reduced feed
consumption, feed conversion, weight gain and egg production
(Duarte et al., 2011).
Zearalenone
Cereal and cereal

by-products, corn
grains and corn
silage are thought to
be the most exposed
ingredients to mold
and mycotoxin
contamination
more resistant. Chronic intoxication in pigs is characterized
by low feed intake and weight gain, hepatic encephalopathy
syndrome, hyperplastic oesophagitis, gastric ulceration and heart
and pulmonary arteries hypertrophy (Casteel et al., 1994; Smith
et al., 1999; Gumprecht et al., 2001).
In poultry, symptoms range from a decrease in feed intake and
weight gain (Javed et al., 1993) to a decrease in egg production
and mortality increase (Prathapkumar et al., 1997).
Dairy cows show a decreased feed intake and milk production
(Richard et al., 1996; Diaz et al., 2000).
Ochratoxins
Ochratoxins are a group of secondary metabolites produced by

species of Penicillium and Aspergillus. There are seven known
ochratoxins. Among them, ochratoxin A (OTA) is the most
important mycotoxin, because of its toxicological significance,
carry-over capacity into human food, frequent presence in
contaminated feedstuffs, stability against cooking and fermenting
processes and possible significance as human carcinogen
(classified as an IARC group 2B carcinogen in 1993). OTA is
mostly found in barley, wheat and rye (Cabaes et al., 2010).
In ruminants, OTA is metabolized into a less toxic compound
by the ruminal microflora. Once OTA reaches the bloodstream, it
binds to serum proteins, especially to albumin, conferring OTA an
elevated half-life in blood serum, and therefore can be found in
blood-based products, such as bloodpudding or additives made of
pig-blood or pig-plasma. Residual concentrations can be found in
liver, muscle and fat tissues, eggs and milk (Suzuki et al., 1977;
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin produced by different

species of the Fusarium genus (Bennett et al., 2003), and
almost always co-occurs with other Fusarium toxins such as
deoxynivalenol (DON). ZEA is particularly found in corn grains
cultivated in temperate and warm regions, but it can also be
found in other cereal crops such as wheat, barley or rice, and
occasionally in sorghum and soy beans (EFSA, 2004b; Zinedine
et al., 2005). ZEA resists high temperatures, and shows good
stability during storage and processing, and therefore it can be
found in processed feed and food.
As a detoxifying mechanism, plants are able to chemically
modify ZEA and DON via acetylation, glucosidation and
sulfation (Berthiller et al., 2005). The resulting metabolites,
which have been found to be toxic to animals, are often
undetectable with standard laboratory techniques. To fail to detect
them could lead to an underestimation of the toxic potential of
feeds (Vendl et al., 2009). It has been reported that gut microbiota
is able to hydrolyze those masked mycotoxins and release their
native forms (ZEA and DON) (Gareis et al., 1990; Gareis, 1994;
Berthiller et al., 2011).
ZEA is an estrogenic compound that binds competitively
estrogen receptors in different tissues (especially uterus, mammary
gland and liver) and generates estrogen-like responses. ZEA is
metabolized mainly in the liver, resulting in two major metabolites,
both also possessing binding affinity to estrogen receptors. Because
of its estrogenic activity, ZEA affects females over males and
young animals (particularly young females) over adults.
Pigs seem to be most susceptible to ZEA (Diekman et al., 1992),
showing hyperemia, edematous swelling of the vulva, increase
of uterine, ovarian and mammary gland size, and occasionally
vaginal or rectal prolapse (Etienne et al., 1981; Haschek et al.,
1986). ZEA also have teratogenic effects in piglets and affects
embryonic survival (DMello et al., 1999). In males, ZEA induces
a reduction of the weight of testes and sperm quality (Mirocha et
al., 1977).
Poultry species are less susceptible to ZEA, and adverse effects
are only observed at very high doses of the mycotoxin that are
unusual in field conditions.
Cattle seem to be more resistant to the estrogenic effects of
ZEA because of the ruminal degradation of the mycotoxin
(Kiessling et al., 1984).
Nothing escapes
Romer Labs.
AgraStrip
WATEX now
roved
GIPSA app
FIND OUT MORE ABOUT ROMER LABS

TESTING SOLUTIONS AND CONTACT:
Romer Labs Diagnostic GmbH
Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria
Tel: +43 2272 61533 10
Email: ofce-europe@romerlabs.com
www.romerlabs.com
F
Trichothecenes
Trichothecenes are a group of chemically related compounds

produced by a wide number of fungi and are classified
into four different chemical groups: Types A, B, C and D
(McCormick et al., 2011). However, those of concern in
livestock production are those produced by Fusarium species,
and include Type A and Type B toxins. Type A toxins include
in turn T2-toxin and its metabolite HT-2 toxin, and Type B
toxins include DON.
DON, T2-toxin and HT-2 toxin usually occur with other
Fusarium mycotoxins such as ZEA and fumonisins, in warmer
climates. T2 toxin and HT-2 toxin concentrations in wheat, rye
and oats were found to be highly correlated (Gottschalk et al.,
2009; Edwards, 2009). Among trichothecenes, DON is the most
frequently occurring toxin, but is about 100 times less toxic than
T2-toxin. T2 and HT-2 toxins are significantly bound to the outer
hull of cereal grains; therefore by-products for the feed industry
obtained through de-hulling may contain greater concentrations
of those two toxins.
Trichothecenes inhibit protein synthesis, interact with
proteins and cause oxidative stress by generating free
radicals (McCormick et al., 2011). T2 toxin also induces
cell apoptosis in the digestive tract (Li et al., 1997). Pigs
are very sensitive to DON while poultry species seem to be
more resistant to its effects. In pigs, exposure to these toxins
causes immunosuppression, vomiting, diarrhea, gastric and
intestinal hemorrhage, dermatitis, feed refusal, weight loss
and lower milk production, among other problems (Mallmann
et al., 2011). Vomiting has been observed at high doses of
DON in feed, making this toxin to be commonly known as
vomitoxin.
Broilers and laying hens appear to be less sensitive to
the mycotoxin. At low dietary concentrations in chicken,
DON causes a reduction in feed consumption, and at high
concentrations, weight loss, immunosuppression, and decreased
intestinal nutrient absorption (Prelusky et al., 1986; He et al.,
1992; Rotter et al., 1996; Awad et al., 2008). Ruminants are more
resistant to DON, which is attributed to its metabolism by rumen
bacteria (Seeling et al., 2006).
Animal products do not contribute in a significant way to
human exposure to DON (EFSA, 2004b). Since no human
diseases due to carry-over have been reported, DONs importance
remains primarily economic because of its decrease of animal
productivity (Vlkel et al., 2011).
Pigs are among the most affected animals towards the effects
of the T2-toxin. Dietary exposure to the toxin resulted in reduced
feed intake which led to reduced weight gain, in most cases
without affecting feed conversion rate (Harvey et al., 1994;
Rafai et al., 1995). Lesions caused by ingestion of T2-toxin are
observed mainly in the upper digestive tract, mainly ulcerations
and hemorrhages (Weaver et al., 1978). High concentrations of
the toxin in feed can induce diarrhea and perineal lesions due to
the contact with residual toxins in faeces (Mallmann et al., 2011).
Effects of T2-toxin on reproductive performance in sows have
been reported (Glavits et al., 1983).
In poultry, acute intoxication leads to nervous symptomatology:
hyperpnoea, lethargy, loss of balance and head dropping appeared
after a few minutes and disappeared quickly. Soon after, digestive
problems follow, characterized by repeated deglutition, diarrhea,
feed refusal and hemorrhages in the digestive system (Grevet,
2004). Chronic intoxication is characterized by alterations in
production and reproduction performance, skin and mucosa
lesions, and immune system alterations in different poultry
species.
Though ruminants are more resistant to trichothecenes because

of the toxin metabolism in the rumen, T2 intoxication in cattle
causes feed refusal, gastroenteritis and gastrointestinal lesions
(Petrie et al., 1977; Weaver et al., 1980), intestinal hemorrhages
(Petrie et al., 1977), ruminal ulcers and even death (Pier et al.,
1980). Decreased feed consumption, decreased milk production
and alterations in the estrous cycle were the observed effects in
dairy cattle (Kegl et al., 1991).
Because of the metabolism and biotransformation of T2 toxin,
it is though that its accumulation in animal tissue is prevented.
However, it has been shown that transfer to milk is possible
(Vlkel et al., 2011).
Mycotoxicosis prevention
There is no effective treatment of the intoxication once the

clinical signs appear and in some cases, even if the animal
recovers from the intoxication, its performance will remain
low. It is then important to highlight the necessity of preventing
mycotoxicosis, either by preventing mold contamination and
mycotoxin formation or by eliminating mycotoxins in feedstuffs.
Though preventing the formation of mycotoxins in the feed is the
best measure to avoid mycotoxicosis, it is not always an easy or
available strategy. And, as aforesaid, even if the mycotoxigenic
fungi are eliminated from feed, some mycotoxins show
great stability and can remain in feedstuffs. Thus, mycotoxin
elimination measures in feed should be a secure way to prevent
mycotoxicosis in animals.
Different methods for mycotoxin elimination in animal
feed have been described, ranging from inclusion of natural
compounds (such as organic acids) to physical methods (X-ray
or UV light), microbiological methods (enzymes produced
by microorganisms) and chemical methods (oxidant agents or
mycotoxin adsorbents among others). Among all these methods
for mycotoxin elimination in animal feed, the most implemented
is the addition of natural clays, because of its low cost, simple
application and the absence of adverse effects in animals. Those
clays adsorb mycotoxins that may be present in the feed and
prevent them to be absorbed (Van Kessel et al., 2010).
Our solution
Knowing the risks inherent to the presence of mycotoxins in

animal feed and its repercussions in animal health and livestock
production, NUFOERs main concern has been to develop a
product able to prevent and to counteract the impact of these
fungal toxins while remaining affordable. Assuring the quality of
the ingredients used, and excluding any drug or pharmaceutical
compound, we developed a series of mycotoxin binders which we
brought together under the brand NUFOTOX.
Our binders product line range from basic mycotoxin binder
(NUFOTOX) 100 percent made of natural clay (Hydrated
Sodium Calcium Aluminum Silicate, HSCAS) to a most
advanced binder (NUFOTOX ADVANCE), adding different
ingredients such as organic acids, enzymes, plant extracts, yeast
extracts or biopolymers, depending on the toxin binder required.
How so depending on the toxin binder required?
There are many different molds and mycotoxins that
contaminate animal feed, some more complex than others,
and affecting the animal differently. On this basis it becomes
necessary to implement the binding activity of the HSCAS,
control mold contamination levels, and sometimes, even help
the animals recovery from the intoxication. Each of NUFOERs
toxin binders is designed differently in order to fulfill those
different aims.
References available upon request
Pneumatic or Mechanical
Ship Loaders & Unloaders
Port Equipment - Turnkey Projects
es of gra
p
y
t
in
All
NIV: up to 800 tons/hour

Average efficiency 75%-80%
A win-win solution
between customer expertise and VigAn know-how
VIGAN Engineering s.a. Rue de lIndustrie, 16 1400 Nivelles (Belgium)
Tl.: +32 67 89 50 41 Fax : +32 67 89 50 60 www.vigan.com info@vigan.com
Preventing bread waste

- A national success story from Turkey
Feature
from the
2015
by Professor M. Hikmet Boyacioglu,

Chairman of the Department of
Food Engineering at Okan University,
Istanbul, Turkey
ne-third of food produced for

human consumption is lost or
wasted globally, which amounts
to about 1.3 billion tons per year.
Food is lost or wasted throughout
the supply chain, from initial
agricultural production down to
final household consumption.
Food losses represent a waste of
resources used in production such as land, water, energy and
inputs, increasing the green gas emissions in vain.
According to Euromonitor International, globally 141 million
tons of baked goods are sold each year and bread represents by
far the most significant proportion of total baked goods sales, at
over 85 percent, with retail volume sales of 120 million tons in
2013 which results in inevitable waste. Since there is no clear
definition of food waste, it is difficult to estimate global bread
waste although there is the need to minimise bread waste at all
points along the chain.
Food loss, food waste and food wastage
Food loss refers to a decrease in mass (dry matter) or nutritional

value (quality) of food that was originally intended for human
consumption. These losses are mainly caused by inefficiencies
in the food supply chains, such as poor infrastructure and
logistics, lack of technology, insufficient skills, knowledge and
management capacity of supply chain actors, and lack of access
to markets.
In addition, natural disasters play a role. Food waste refers
to food appropriate for human consumption being discarded,
whether or not after it is kept beyond its expiry date or left to
spoil. Often this is because food has spoiled but it can be for
other reasons such as oversupply due to markets, or individual
consumer shopping/eating habits. Food wastage refers to any
food lost by deterioration or waste. Thus, the term wastage
encompasses both food loss and food waste.
Food waste causes and scale
Food losses mainly occur at the beginning of the supply chain;

during production, storage, transport, wholesale and processing
while food waste mainly occurs at the end of the food supply
chain; in the store, at restaurants as well as at home. Possible
causes of food waste are summarised in Table I.
Food losses and waste amounts to roughly US$ 680 billion
in industrialised countries and US$ 310 billion in developing
countries. Industrialised and developing countries dissipate
roughly the same quantities of food -respectively 670 and 630
million tons. Per capita waste by consumers is between 95-115
kg a year in Europe and North America, while consumers in subSaharan Africa, south and south-eastern Asia, each throw away
only 6-11 kg a year (Figure 2).
The total amount of food waste in the European Union is about
90 million tons per year or 180 kg per capita per year excluding
agricultural food waste and fish discards. The European
Commission is referring to this as an unacceptable example of
unsustainability estimating that by 2020 without any effective
measures 126 million tons food will probably be wasted per year.
Almost 50 percent of edible and healthy food gets wasted in EU
households and supermarkets each year.
Food waste is expected to rise to about 126 million tons by
2020 without additional prevention policy or activities.
According to Rabobank, the European Food & Agribusiness
(F&A) industry is currently losing 60 billion Euros of value each
year through food that is wasted in the supply chain and never
reaches the consumer.
In spite of above information on food wastage, figures on the
exact amount of food waste in the manufacturing sector remain
heavily debated due to lack of a clear definition of food waste,
lack of proper data collection and methodological issues, such as
diverse and not consequent interpretation of by-products.
Global bread production and trends
According to Euromonitor International, globally 141 million

tons of baked goods are sold each year and bread represents by
far the most significant proportion of total baked goods sales, at
over 85 percent, with retail volume sales of 120 million tons in
2013.
Bread sales registered a decline over 2008-2013. The decline in
bread volumes is primarily due to the fall in artisanal bread sales,
which accounted for 78 percent of overall bread volume sales
F
in 2013. Packaged bread was one of the best performing baked
goods categories over 2008-2013, growing by two million tons
and taking a considerable share from artisanal bread.
Bread wastage volumes
Since there is no clear definition of food waste, it is difficult

to estimate global bread waste although there is the need to
minimise bread waste at all points along the chain.
Pietrzak and Kawa-Rygielska indicated that annual global
production of bread exceeds 100 million tones, and estimated
wastage for bakery goods is about 7 - 10 percent so the annual
production of wastes in this industry can reach 10 million tones
worldwide. The major factor for waste formation in this field
is that part of the bread produced is left unsold and returned to
the bakery due to significant levels of staling and large amounts
of bakery products which are produced in excess to fulfill
consumers demands.
According to GIRA, 25 percent of bread products in highincome countries are wasted at retail and consumer level, during
storage and processing.
According to the Association Internationale de la Boulangerie
Industrielle (AIBI) the major International Association of Plant
Bakeries, products at baking plants which cannot be sold are less
than 1 percent. Almost all of this material is used as animal feed
or as bioenergy.
Stale bread loses its sensory qualities. This results in a negative
perception from the consumer even though the product is still
healthy and rich in nutrients. Consequently, large quantities of
bread are discarded which causes an important economic loss
and makes waste bread a major component of the food waste
problem.
Prevention of bread waste
In view of more efficient supply chains with high productivity

to meet the growing demand, one of the challenges for agriculture
is to reduce food loss and waste along the food chain. Reducing
food losses and waste is gathering increasing global interest
and action. Governments, research institutions, producers,
distributors, retailers and consumers have all different ideas about
the problem the solutions and the ability to change.
AIBI has already started to inform and to highlight the
importance of this issue and to raise awareness among members.
It is a priority on the agenda of the AIBI Board and AIBI
members are willing to participate to reduce food waste in the
bakery chain.
Food waste in the United States represents a market opportunity
worth over $160 billion for innovators who can reduce this
waste and its impact. Food waste, which is estimated at 30
percent to 40 percent of the annual food supply in the United
States, has far-reaching social, economic, and environmental
ramifications. It also adds up to big money and big incentives to
food technologists to develop new approaches and products for
reducing, recovering, and recycling food waste. A closer look at
food waste in the United States reveals where opportunities might
lie.
According to Rabobank s latest report, it is vital that the
industry looks to address the issue and F&A companies have
much to gain themselves from doing so. Rabobank sees
innovation as the most effective means of making an immediate
difference to reducing waste.
However, for it to be successful, optimisation of supply chain
processes and business models may be required. Rabobank
suggests food processors and retailers should start to select
August 2015 | 45
F
partners who see the benefit in reducing waste and have the
potential to benefit from the additional effects on the supply
chain. Nevertheless, companies should realise that innovation
is not for all partners, but an asset that will attract like-minded
companies and markets to becoming supply chain partners.
Bread staling continues to be responsible for huge food wastes
all over the world. The phenomenon is still far from being
fully elucidated. Despite new measurement techniques, such
as NIRS, NMR, and X-ray, which give novel and interesting
details on bread firming and also evidence of their importance
as complementary tools to traditional measurement techniques,
the real challenge still remains the knowledge of the precise
mechanism(s) of staling. Further efforts must be exerted
to explore and exploit the power of novel technologies in
bread processing, particularly the nonthermal technologies
(high hydrostatic pressure, ultrasound processing, pulse-light
technology, and others), and their effects on the retardation of
bread staling.
Whereas the points on avoiding food waste during processing
are relevant to all food and drink manufacturers, possible
solutions to reduce bread waste is cited in Table II.
However, during efforts to reduce bread waste constraints could
arise from legislation (e.g. requirement to sell bread at specific
weights) and cultural and standardisation constraints (consumers
traditionally buy specific types/weights of bread). The product
is offered in too big portions or the consumer makes impulse
purchases (people may be attracted to buy more than they can
eat). There are financial constraints through a lack of investments
and innovation by industry.
Turkeys success story
According to Euromonitor International, bread sales reached

9.261.600 ton in 2014 (Table III). Turkey has one of the highest
per capita bread consumption rates in the world although
available consumption figures vary between 72 kg to 199.6
kg. Based on Turkish Grain Board study, 121 kg/person bread
consumption in 2008 was reduced to 116 kg in 2012 in Turkey.
In 2013; The Turkish Grain Board, a subsidiary organisation
of the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, launched a
new campaign called Ekmegini Israf Etme (Dont Waste your
Bread) which works to curb the amount of waste bread in Turkey
through educational activities with regard to consumption of
bread. The majority of consumers however still give prominence
to the warmness and freshness of the bread while it is still a small
group that gives prominence to whether the bread is wholegrain.
Additionally, leading packaged/industrial bread producers have
been utilising this campaign by indicating that the consumption
of packaged/industrial bread is a good way to alleviate the waste
bread problem as these products can be re-heated and consumed
for a long time.
From 1 July 2013, a new flour notice became effective which
also aims to increase the consumption of whole grain bread while
decreasing the amount of waste bread. Furthermore, the lowest
weight for regular bread was decreased from 300g to 250g. This
new weight reduction also aims to curb the waste bread problem
and negatively affects the volume sales of unpackaged/artisanal
bread. Last but not least, the new regulation prohibits the sales
of unpackaged/artisanal bread in open spaces such as bazaars,
butchers and green grocers.
The general trend in baked goods is higher growth rates for
packaged/industrial categories. The main reason for this trend is
the changing eating habits of Turkish consumers.
Companies within packaged/industrial bread will increasingly
promote the Dont Waste Your Bread campaign by indicating
that packaged bread consumption is an effective way to alleviate

the waste bread problem.
The Turkish Grain Board, conducted research in 2008 and 2012
on the production, consumption habits and waste of bread in
Turkey. The results of these studies were alarming, because they
showed that the bread waste in Turkey reached serious amounts.
As a consequence, a campaign was launched in January 2013 to
inform and raise societys awareness of bread waste. The aims
of the campaign are to create public awareness, prevent waste
in bread production and consumption, ensure bread is bought as
needed and preserved properly, inform society on different ways
of using stale bread and contribute to the economy by preventing
waste.
At the end of 2013, the Turkish Grain Board carried out
another study in order to evaluate the impact of the campaign on
bread waste and consumption habits. The research results show
that, between 2012 and 2013, daily bread waste in the country
decreased by 18 percent from 5.95 million to 4.9 million loaves
saving a total of 384 million loaves of bread.
On a per capita basis, these improvements resulted in a 19
percent decrease in daily bread waste to 16.2 grams. Furthermore,
the campaign resulted in a 10 percent decrease in the daily total
bread production and consumption. Based on calculations by
the Turkish Grain Board, reducing bread waste saved USD 159
million and reducing unnecessary bread purchases saved USD 1.3
billion, for a total savings of USD 1.5 billion.
The bread waste campaign included a media campaign with
estimated advertisement costs of USD 243 million, three
spread on internet, TV commercials, newscasts, newspaper
articles, a research book about bread waste, a stale bread recipe
book and various brochures. Several conferences, exhibitions,
press meetings, stale bread recipe competitions etc., have
been organised with the co-operation of the universities,
non-governmental organisations, the private sector and local
administrators and reached all parts of the Turkish society.
As Turkey wastes less bread, it also saves more money.
According to the Turkish Grain Board, reducing unnecessary
waste and excess purchases saved consumers an estimated US$
1.2 billion in 2013.
To expand on early successes, Turkish Grain Board recently
partnered with the Turkish postal service to release 100 000
commemorative stamps introducing the campaign and its
message to a wider national audience. Further demonstrating that
the country is serious about the issue, the Government of Turkey
is including food waste prevention a priority in its national
development plan through 2018.
With one-third of global food production currently wasted
or lost, the international community is homing in on Turkeys
success. The Grain Board has shared its campaign model as a
best practice, exchanging experiences with the United Kingdoms
Waste and Resources Action Program and with governments
across Europe and Central Asia at last years FAO Regional
Conference for Europe.
Final thoughts
Bread is the healthy basis of every day meals all over Europe.
The importance of bread is shown through the huge daily global
consumption, which results in inevitable waste. There is the need
to minimise food waste at all points along the food chain.
Among many possible solutions; extended shelf life of bread by
natural ingredients and food safety measures, increase in bake-off
production, shift from artisanal to packaged bread and raising
awareness and information to the consumers will be utmost
importance in prevention of bread waste.
Pioneering UK wheat trials
n June, it was a great time to visit and report on

two wheat farms in six days: BASF East Midlands
Agronomy and Sustainability Farm at The Grange,
Mears Ashby and BASF Yorkshire Agronomy and
Sustainability Farm at Tophouse Farm, Rawcliffe
Bridge. In the UK, wheat is a vital commodity that
traditionally faired well in these arable regions
for centuries. Innovative work and research is
now undertaken to farm wheat in new ways. It
shows how effective land, resources and nature can be created in
harmony with each other to provide sustainable environment and
wheat for food.
Top House farm joined in partnership with BASF in 1996. This
farm was a trailblazer, ahead of its time for agronomy trials.
Biodiversity monitoring was introduced in 2002-2003 as part of
the Voluntary Initiative (The Voluntary Initiative is a UK-based
programme sponsored by the crop and farming industry which
works with the UK government to promote responsible pesticide
use). With co-operation and support from the Hinchliffe family,
owners and farmers of Top House farm, a remarkable story has
been developing. There have been successes such as increasing
farmland bird numbers through simple measures alongside
informative agronomy work this has delivered excellent
informative data for farmers.
The Grange joined with BASF in 2008 with biodiversity
monitoring, in the words of Andrew Pitts, to provide for my
childrens future. With fantastic guides at both sites such as
Graham Hartwell, environmental stewardship manager, BASF
plc and Paul Goddard, stewardship value manager, BASF plc, on
both days, there was a lot of exciting and important subject matter
to see, touch and understand.
At Top House Farm, Graham and Paul were joined by John
Peck, head of technical management and stewardship, North
Europe, BASF plc; Louis Wells, agronomy manager, BASF plc;
and Rose Riby, variety specialist (north) from KWS. The farm
owners were also there to assist with information and share their
own perspective. Regarding the farms, a minority of the land
F
is for the trial partnership. Graham said, for
great biodiversity on a site, only 2 percent of
the land is required. This proves that the simple
steps taken at both sites is possible without
impacting the amount of land required to add
this value. Records are made at the start and
then regularly through the farms lifespan
over many years. An important point that
Graham and his colleagues were keen to stress
was that the data is gathered and recorded by
independent third parties so the whole value
chain has reliable, unbiased and trustworthy
information.
Firstly, travelling over to the East Midlands
was a very pleasant affair from the Milling
and Grain offices. With a timetable set for
the London and South East Millers Society
(LSEMS) to stick to, plenty of time was
allocated for travelling. There was time for
a quick call to Graham Hartwell before the
LSEMS programme got under way, it gave a
taster of what was to come later in the day and
discussion of another site BASF plc ran and
whether the opportunity to visit there could
be possible. It would make this article an exclusive as no other
journalist had yet visited both trial sites to report.
Attendees numbered around 30 for the The Moor and 22
at Rawcliffe Bridge. There was a strong representation of
the milling community, even though numbers were small.
Representatives from a wide range of companies such as Bhler,
Allied Mills and nabim joined the tours.
The tours of the farms generally followed a pattern of an

introductory talk and walking tours of what creates the right
balance for success in wheat and success in biodiversity. We
learnt of the crop rotation patterns, a three-year cycle at The
Grange and a five year cycle at Top House farm (Table1).
These open days at the farms were hosted by BASF plc, the
worlds largest chemical company. An ironic fact was that
August 2015 | 49
there were no chemicals or chemical products being promoted.

The promotion at both sites was of wheat farming. There is a
Biodiversity Action Plan in place and constant monitoring by
independent conservationists of the production of data. Over
time, both farms were proven to increase biodiversity as well as
increasing wheat volumes. Positively thriving nature relies and
assists positively thriving wheat crops.
Table1
Farm site
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
The Grange
Wheat
Wheat
Bean
Top House farm
Wheat
Wheat
Rapeseed
Wheat
Wheat
During the The Grange visit the group of around 35 was

introduced to the concepts and reasons for the site. This lay in
seeking best practice, quality data and quality food; whilst using
fewer resources to meet the sustainability challenges, increasing
wheat production and biodiversity. Countering uninformed public
perceptions was also a key factor at the site. Since its inception,
all sections of society in the UK have visited these two sites each
year - school groups right up to governmental policy decision
makers.
Flour milling relies on good quality wheat. This is where the
Top House Farm site excelled in showing the groups winter
wheat from the current nabim recommended lists and trialing
future wheat varieties. This takes place in a matrix of 30
differently treated wheat varieties. Treatments and fertilisers
are applied in precise amounts to gain understanding Solstice,
Skyfall, Crusoe, KWS Trinity, Gallant and RAGT Illustrious from
Group 1; Cordiale, KWS Lili and Butler from Group 2; Zulu,
Britannia, Energise, Conversion and KWS Barrell from Group 3.

There were many more in the Group 4 varieties but as these are
commonly used in animal feed, not food milling wheats.
In many ways, the superior amount of wheat at Top House
farm within its 142-hectare site gave more detail and depth to
the attendees. The 2014 - 2015 cropping of wheat reflected the
current economic conditions, recovery from the very wet preceding
seasons and the relationship within the group. The plots of wheat
at Top House sat as a checker-board pattern across a large field
categorised into five stages of treatments from the trials. Louis
Wells was able to provide a lot of discussion about the untreated
and treated wheat and the cost benefits in the data from the 2014
trials. At its most effective, normal treatment to wheat added more
tonnes to the harvest from the same amount of land of 6 tonnes
per hectare with the Conquerer variety of wheat. Providing more
return on investment is about being sustainable and more secure in
providing reliable harvests to meet or exceed expectations.
The biodiversity is created and nurtured through drilling seeds
of specific plants which provide habitable food stores for birds
and wildlife to thrive, installing bird boxes in strategic places
assists the best practice management for wildlife.
My final thoughts are that the overlying theme was about
making the right choice for the site. The vast number of
variables depend on where the site it is located. The complexity
is simplified with the experience and broad vision of the
partnerships between farmers, agronomists, breeders and
environmental stewards. It seems that we are all responsible for
the environment and of wheat it produces, which we all depend
upon. These tours are highly recommended for flour millers
and members of the cereal industry, they provide a deeper
comprehension of how beneficial our industry can be to the
environment.
1/3
Feedmill
of
the
future
here today-built for tomorrow!
How we feed the worlds ever growing population is the big question for the
milling industry. Milling and Grain magazine goes in search of answers, on a
behind the scenes tour of the Van Aarsen-built, Kalmar Lantmn project - the
most modern feedmill in the world - to find out how the technology in this
new mill sets a standard for the future.
by Darren Parris
Milling and Grain
The Kalmar Lantmn

feedmill in Kalmar, Sweden
The CHALLENGE
here is almost nothing more important

in life than feeding the planet. A wise
man once pointed out that we must feed
nine billion people by 2050. However,
as a humble writer, I have seen firsthand round the globe and on every
continent, just how very difficult this
task is going to be.
Having visited many mills throughout
both the developed and developing world, I have become
fascinated at the challenges facing the modern miller; when
we consider probably upwards of 80 percent of everything we
consume has somehow been touched by the milling process, be
it the simple process of flours and grains for breads, biscuits,
pastry, crisps etc or your rices, pasta and semolinas or indeed
your coffee or chocolates how we mill has become ever more
important.
And, nowhere is this more important than the production of
feeds for all the species that give us our milk, cheeses, meats and
fish.
When we consider the Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) for most
species of edible animals, it is clear that we must get the feed
right. As a quick recap, the FCR refers to how many pounds (lb)
of feed it takes to produce a pound of gained meat for human
consumption. Below are some typical examples of FCR for some
of the most common eaten species:
Beef cattle - 5.5 to 6.5lb of feed for each pound of gain
Chickens - 2 to 3lb of feed for each pound of gain
Pigs - 2.18 to 5.91lb of feed for each pound of gain
Fish 1.2 to1.8lb of feed for each pound of gain
You can see that these FCRs vary considerably depending upon
the species, with fish and poultry being the most efficient and
therefore considered the most sustainable.
Often some of the ingredients in feed pellets, etc contains
food already suitable for human consumption. Therefore from
a sustainable perspective it has become ever more important to
make sure the final feed compound is containing all the right
ingredients to allow it to be an effective feed that puts the right
nutrients back into the food for human consumption.
It is at this point you realise just how much more complex the
process is for milling feeds than it is for flour, chocolates, rice
or coffee, etc. When we consider what we want from our meats,
and that they should be nutritious for us, they must contain the
correct levels of minerals, vitamins, amino acids, proteins and
carbohydrates to mention just a few nutritional expectations.
Therefore, the art of farming good healthy and nutritious animals
with a good FCR will often come down to a good feed supplies
and as with many recipes in life, every farmer will have his own
preferences about what goes into their feeds for their animals.
Animal feeds can be complex compounds, which for a balanced
healthy diet will need to include some of these basic nutritional
elements:
Minerals
Carbohydrates
Vitamins
Proteins
Water
Fat
This is by no means a complete list, and by way of an
explanation, if I just focus on proteins, these are composed
of over 20 different amino acids, which are liberated during
digestion.
Animals with a simple single stomach (monogastric), including
humans, swine, poultry and rabbits, require the correct amounts

of the following 10 essential amino acids daily: arginine,
histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine,
threonine, tryptophan and valine.
On top of this when you look at just some of the minerals that
are essential for animal life, which include common salt (sodium
chloride), calcium, phosphorus, sulphur, potassium, magnesium,
manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, iodine, zinc, molybdenum and
selenium. And, then if you keep in mind that the last six of these can
be toxic to animals if excessive amounts are provided, you begin to
understand the challenges facing feed millers to get feed right.
I point this out only to highlight the complex requirements that
a feedmill of the future, as of today, would need to be capable of
delivering.
With hundreds of potential ingredients, that would need to
be added in exact doses and mixed and pelleted according to a
farmers wish is almost unconceivable.
Experts at VICTAM predicted

dramatic changes for feed
milling in Europe over the next
10 years
This does not even touch upon the additives in feed to improve
gut health or palatability or indeed any probiotics and veterinary
medicines such as antibiotics. This would all need to take place in
hermetically sealed environments to avoid cross contamination in
the mill across different species.
So already one can begin to build a picture of what tomorrows
feed mill must be capable of.
The holy grail of the feed industry
In this era of improved sustainability, improved efficiency,

improved automation in a more hygienic environment it is
important to point out that this utopia of a futuristic mill meeting
all these requirements and more has become the holy grail of the
feed industry.
No surprises then that during the VICTAM Exhibition in
Cologne, Germany recently experts in the feed technology
field revealed how the EU feed sector should become more
sustainable. These same experts at the VICTAM predicted
dramatic changes for feed milling in Europe over the next 10
years. One of those commenting at VICTAM was Trudy van
Megen, director of the Feed Design Lab, a Dutch research and
education centre for innovation and sustainability in the feed
industry, who went on to say, The European feed sector has to
do more with less and must reduce its dependence on imported
grains such as soy for animal feed production to boost its
sustainability profile.
It was pointed out by a few experts at VICTAM that if a factory
decreases variability in a pellet line and optimises the process in
terms of capacity, temperature and machinery, it is possible to
decrease consumption of electrical and thermal energies in pellet
manufacturing.
Most notable of the speakers was Harm Klein, business
developer for feed at Tebodin, who spoke specifically on the
August 2015 | 53
F
Feed mill of the future. Harm looked at the trends that are
supporting shift in feed production 10 years from now. He
said new feedmill constructions, in general, will take place
in emerging economies, with only expansion or redesign of
feedmills and not outright builds likely in regions like Europe and
North America.
More and more feedmills in Europe, said Klein, will only
supply concentrates to livestock producers and, thus, the
production and storage process at feedmills by 2025 will have
undergone a radical shake-up.
How right was Harm Klein? With the one exception it will not
be in 10 years time, it is already here today.
What millers aspire to
Now, lets be clear, I am not a trained feed miller nor a

nutritionist or engineer, but I have visited my fair share of
feedmills and feed additive companies and having spoken to
many millers and farmers over recent years and I have learnt
what each and every miller would like to aspire to.
I understand the business model of a feed company, those goals
and objectives that must be met with the feed to either maximise
sales or optimise the feed for the production of meat, milk, or eggs.
Operating a modern feedmill requires good decision-making
on the part of the mill manager. The feed mill manager must
understand how to use the key indicators that will increase
profitability and productivity, as well as reduce costs. Each
manager must select from the multitude of indicators that influence
the operations productivity and costs. These indicators will vary
based upon the primary business objective of the feedmill.
Commercial feedmills typically focus on profit margins, sales
and customer service; whereas an integrated feed operation
focuses on high volume production of feed at the lowest possible
manufacturing cost.
Regardless of the business model under which a feedmill
operates, there are indicators (KPIs) that apply.
Managers should develop KPIs for manufacturing and delivery
processes, labour efficiency, manufacturing and delivery

costs, safety and quality. These KPIs, along with an annual
manufacturing budget, will help a manager recognise the
strengths and weaknesses within the operation.
KPIs can be used in the development of both short- and longterm goals to improve the productivity of the feedmill. Typical
areas to monitor feed mill productivity include:
Downtime
Tonnes per run
Tonnes delivered per load
Pelletmill changeovers
Load out waiting time
Bagged tonnes per day
Tonnes per man hour or man Actual versus scheduled
hours per tonne
hours of operation
Man-hours-per-tonne is typically measured in commercial
feedmills where more labour is required for the manufacturing
and packaging process of feed due to the production of small
batches of specialty feed or production of feed based on
individual customer orders.
Another area to monitor are the shrink/gain costs that are
associated with the loss or gain of ingredients and feeds.
Feedmills typically experience a shrink in ingredients due to
losses that occur during the receiving and grinding processes.
Receiving losses are typically in the form of dust or product
loss, whereas during the grinding process there is a loss of
moisture. A mill that produces pelleted feed may experience a
gain in feed due to residual moisture left in the feed after the
cooling process.
Mill managers may find it helpful to calculate the shrink and
gain of both ingredients and feed separately, as well as the total
shrink (gain) of the feedmill. The total shrink (gain) can be
determined by the following equations (Emmerson, 2005):
Expressed by weight: (Beginning inventory + receipts)
(Ending inventory + shipments) = Shrink (Gain)
Expressed by percentage: Shrink (Gain) by Weight
Shipments in Weight x 100 = Percent Shrink (Gain)
Expressed by monetary value: Shrink (Gain) by Weight x
Monetary Value/Weight Unit = Monetary Value of Shrink (Gain).
www.symaga.com
symaga@symaga.com
New spiral, flight & roof stairs,

improved access to the top of the silo.
Visit us:
AGROEXPO
09 - 20 July,
Bogota, Colombia
Stand: Hall6, Stand 229
Offices and Factory:

Ctra. de Arenas km. 2,300
13210 Villarta de San Juan Ciudad Real- Spain
T: +34 926 640 475 F: +34 926 640 294
Madrid Office:
C/ Azcona, 37 28028 Madrid - Spain
T: +34 91 726 43 04 F: +34 91 361 15 94
GRAINTECH
21 - 23 August,
Bangalore, India
2/3
Feedmill
of the future
Kalmar Lantmn
The FEEDMILL
almar Lantmn is a leading feed

manufacturer in Sweden, and with
years of operational experience
it had very clear goals for what
it wanted to achieve with its new
feedmill.
Kalmar Lantmn owned the site
in Kalmar and already operated two
feedmills on it. As part of the wishlist for Kalmar Lantmn, the new feed mill should:
a) Replace the two existing feedmills
b) Create lower production costs per tonne of animal feed
c) Considerably reduce labour costs
d) Be the very best in energy efficiency
e) Offer the highest degree of flexibility and efficiency
f) Use the highest degree of automation
g) Highest degree of hygienic production
h) Offer the highest level of fire safety and health safety
i) Be environmentally friendly
Arriving in Sweden with my colleague Olivia Holden we met
up with Maril van Kempen and Hans van der Weijden from Van
Aarsen International, the turnkey supplier of the feedmill and ke
Karlsson from Kalmar Lantmn.
My first impressions - this is an impressive structure, at 60
meters tall.
It sits on a foundation of 3000sqm supported by 924 concrete
and steel piles each driven into the ground to find solid rock
to support it. Considering the 8400 tonne foundation slab of
concrete and the further 23,200 tonnes of prefab concrete used in
the building, it needs these piles.
So as we climbed the 13 levels, 18,000sqm of feedmill factory,

to the top, you began to get a feel for the magnitude of this
project. From the initial clearing of the old space to driving in the
piles and laying the first foundation, Van Aarsen had to deliver
the equipment required for each level as it was assembled.
As the prefabricated concrete was laid, Van Aarsen had to fit the
equipment immediately as no one wants the project to stand still
as the cranes for the build still had to be paid for!
The total project was expecting to come in at US$50 000
000 with some of the larger proportion of costs coming from
the preparation of the building site, driving in the piles and the
building structure itself.
The choice of contractor for Kalmar Lantmn turned in favour
of Van Aarsen as the company proposed a new building design
that would be 30 percent smaller than its competitors, making
substantial savings in the build costs whilst still giving the
feedmill the full function and layout as requested. But to top it
off, the new design offered the additional possibility for a sixth
line, all whilst saving 30 percent build cost.
This was a significant moment for Van Aarsen and Kalmar
Lantmn.
Not only did this new design save on space and costs, it was
also future proof.
It also solved one huge hurdle for Kalmar Lantmn: Its wish
had always been to build the mill in concrete, with many wish
list features specked out such as the intake should be on the south
side of the mill, the height should be no more than 60 meters,
the loading section should be on the north side with serious
protection against the possibility of cross contamination of
different species feeds.
Rejne Erixon explains the

original plans for the mill
Breaking ground: the

foundations for the new mill are
laid in April 2012
Building in concrete was the preferred option, but was also the
most expensive choice, and was out of reach in the first designs;
however, with a saving of 30 percent on the building size, the use
of concrete became a reality.
With concrete there are no hidden gaps like you get with a
steel construction. Everything can be hermetically sealed. With
concrete floors in place a very special coating was applied; this
involved a handmade, hand applied process, involving many
layers including a primer, ground down sand and different layers
painted on making a very solid and hygienically manicured floor.
It gets tremendously cold in Sweden with snow and ice,
therefore there should be outside heated floors.
Lifting modern equipment into place
With the 30 percent saving in building costs, the project went

ahead in the favour of Van Aarsen, it took a year to take away the
old buildings and drive in the almost 1000 piles into the earth to
form the foundations.
As each concrete floor was added, Van Aarsen arrived with
the state of the art milling equipment, examples of which are
on all 13 floors. I might add, it was a privilege to see first-hand,
Swedens and most probably Northern Europes, largest in house
commercial elevator, which was installed with a load capacity of
10 tonnes, it can reach each floor allowing any machines to be
replaced at any time.
The building took shape throughout the Swedish winter or
2012, which would often slow down the drying time of the
cement, therefore the project manager ke Karlsson had to bring
in industrial heaters to put on each floor as the construction took
place.
Also, unlike buildings in metal with frames etc, concrete

structures will need some well planned advanced cuts to allow
for piping, valves, elevators and cabling, so attention to detail
was king in this construction. To get a high level of hygiene the
design and flow of material was mostly by gravity, which whilst
not uncommon, the use of gravity in this mill was extraordinary
and many within the industry felt the plans of project manager
ke Karlsson unrealistic, with few believing that it could be
done. However, he has proven them wrong.
Even the smallest attention to detail was put in place building
this mill. All the cabling was copper wire, which allowed for
Not only did this new design

save on space and costs, it
was also future proof
smaller tracks, with most cables designed to run vertically to
avoid catching dust and positioned in every case for ease of
accessibility with the added bonus that copper wires are also rat
proof, should any ever get in.
One of the largest costs to a feedmill is energy consumption.
You have to power the machinery, steam boiler, compressor
systems, lighting and heating, to name a few. Even when the
feedmill is not producing there are still costs when its standing
still. So getting the energy usage right was imperative.
Whilst every effort was made to fit energy-efficient machines
with energy-efficient motors, such as all motors >30kW are
August 2015 | 57
Feedmill
of the future
frequency controlled and all motors with >200kW are with

a low harmonic frequency converter, allowing for waste
electricity to be siphoned off and stored in back-up power cells
for use later.
All of these efforts would have been in vain had the feedmill
opted for the wrong level of intake transformers. Initial estimates
suggested 5 x 2000kW transformers, which if agreed, would have
involved a new mains cable to the substation at an additional cost
of over 2,000,0000.
With the right machines, motors and power saving processes
in place the project was able to operate with just 4 x 1600kW
transformers. This is where knowing your mill is very important and
ke Karlsson from Kalmar Lantmn was adamant about the required
power usage from the beginning as he was with the overall cost.
Producing small batches efficiently
Now, compared to some mills, the production at Kalmar

Lantmn may seem relatively small. However, they are producing
around 265,000 tonnes annually for the Swedish market. This is
broken down to having around eight to 15 tonnes per order, again
which for many may seem to be quite a small average or low
level order.
One of the many delightful aspects of the mill build is that
it was designed with several separate lines with a focus on
producing small batches efficiently.
Not only can the mill produce small batches, it has been
streamlined with separate production lines for the production of
feed for each of the respective animal groups: all of this being
done in such a way as to avoid cross contamination, which is
evidently a very important factor in the mills operation.
Different feeds for different species is common, there are more
ingredients for pigs and poultry and less for cattle.
The building is also separated into a raw material section dirty
and a finished product section clean. Another reason why the
whole building was built in concrete as it is easy to clean and
there are no little cracks for dirt to hide.
Whilst observing the mill in operation it was impressive to
see the double-deck cooler system working, which allows the
company, on the fly, to immediately change products. This system
allows for a very short time to swap products. In The old mill
this would have taken 20 to 30 minutes to administer a change of
species feed for production.
Now the process only takes a maximum of two minutes, this
allows the mill to switch over quickly and saves a huge amount
of production time annually and allows them to react faster to
customers needs.
Serving a radius of 200km
Having produced feed for over 25 years they started with

around 15 formulas for feed, today with roughly the same number
of customers - though they have all moved on from having 10 or
20 heads of cattle to now many hundreds the company produces
some 200 formulations.
Within Sweden they have around 15 percent of the feed market
with a turnover of around 140,000,000, with the closest next
feedmill being 250km away.
However, as Kalmar is located on the coast the mill does
not have a 360-degree circumference of business, though they
do have the large islands of land and Gotland which they
service. On the other hand as ferry prices and fuel rise they can
logistically only deliver feed economically up to 150 - 200km
away from the plant.
With so many farmers, each with their own specific preference
Darren Parris and Olivia

Holden (Milling and Grain)
with ke Karlsson (outside
left)and Hans van der
Weijden (outside right) on
our visit
for feed the mill has over 50 recipes alone for cattle and over 200
recipes for feed in total of which more than 150 are active at any
given time.
Most of the Swedish farmers like to have their own mix and
with this new mill and the systems inside they can produce
bespoke mixes for every farmer even if the batch is only five
tonnes.
Not only can they deliver tailored feeds for every farmer, it
is all carried out in an extremely hygienic environment where
hygiene has been foremost on the minds of the millers. With their
high hygiene concept in place it allows for higher flexibility with
no contamination problems.
As with many plants and in particular their old plant they would
have to clean a line first before switching to a different recipe.
Their automated systems are superb, as is often required today
Feedmill
of the future
close automatically and the machinery

is switched off after detection has
been made.
Older equipment for sale
many farmers require various additives in their feeds to deal with

everything from palatability, improved digestion, gut health,
additional proteins, minerals, etc.
This is another area where this mill really sticks out; they have
their own hammer mills and roller mills a combination you
dont find everywhere - and they do the grinding for all their own
materials.
Very little if any downtime and inventory accuracy
And yet, it gets more impressive as their dosing system allows

them to carry out simultaneous dosing.
Each of the 52 silos holding specific additives is on their own
individual weighing scale. A number of the silos can be used for
dosing or grinding additives, the 52 silos are broken down into
eight separate sections, again sitting on their own set of scales as
does each silo. So in effect the whole 52 silos are one large-scale
system.
When mixing and batching amounts, they can be calculated
accurately across all 52 silos for an exact weight for a specific
feed, allowing an extremely fast turn around and continuous flow
in the plant with very little if any downtime.
With different products in each silo, they can still produce
many different products in macro silos as all silos are standing on
load cells of which there are between 800 and 900 pieces in the
whole feedmill.
This allows excellent control of what they have in each and
every silo and a clear understanding of the step-by-step process.
This also gives a very high degree of traceability.
This step-by-step breakdown of everything going into the mill
and out of the mill is completely automated. Kalmar Lantmn
buys its ingredients in kg or tonnes and sells their end feed
products in kg and tonnes; it is the only feedmill in the world
that can keep track of all of its ingredients in this way. If a lorry
delivers short, they will immediately know, what ultimately goes
out must equal what came in.
It also has a self-controlling system, if a silo deposits more than
two tonnes on a load cell and the cell cannot take any more than
two tonnes, then the system will send out an alarm.
With all the sensors, weighing systems, etc the mill can have
data on everything - 100 times more data than previous, almost a
data overload.
Of course, the important point is to know what data to use and
how. Kalmar Lantmn has many possibilities and are consistently
learning how to use the data to enhance performance.
In addition to the weighing sensors, at several locations
throughout the mill, in the process, sensors have been fitted for
spark, temperature and smoke detection. Valves within the circuit
Talking with the company about the

two older mills, it was explained that
they comprised a mix of Andritz and
Buhler equipment. Kalmar Lantmn
is currently looking to sell all its older
machines, ideally to one customer as
a full working mill solution. It would
be an ideal project for an African or
Indian miller, and they could ship as a
complete mill.
Due to the new mill being located at
the small port in the town of Kalmar,
it was important aesthetically that the mill did not look out of
place; therefore much attention has been paid to the outside look
of the mill so that it blends in with the towns skyline. It is true;
it does not resemble a feedmill, more like a hotel with its marble
finish.
After our brief interview with the Kalmar Lantmn feedmill
project manager ke Karlsson, he supplied me with some
overview facts and figures before we headed off for our complete
tour of the mill.
Finally, I would like to thank Maril van Kempen and Hans van
der Weijden of Van Aarsen International and ke Karlsson of
Kalmar Lantmn for hosting our visit to Kalmar.
Timeline from wish-list to reality
2009 - Kalmar Lantmn, located in Kalmar, Sweden, decided to
construct a new feedmill in Kalmar with the intention of
replacing their existing two feedmills
2010 - Three companies made the short list of potential suppliers
and partners in the project; these were Andritz, Buhler and
Van Aarsen
2010 / 2011 - Each of the three companies worked closely with
Kalmar Lantmn to submit their proposals for design,
innovation and automation.
2011 Van Aarsen International awarded the contract
2012 In February, the final contracts were signed between
Van Aarsen International and Kalmar Lantmn. For Van
Aarsen, this is the largest independent order ever in the
companys history
2012 April, the building started with a ground-breaking
ceremony
2012 April to September building the foundation, drilling
in almost 1000 foundation piles and completing the
basement and intake pits
2012 October started the prefab concrete construction from
ground level
2012 November to April 2013, continued construction
throughout the winter, requiring heaters to dry the
concrete to stay on schedule for machine delivery and
insertion
2013 May, finished walls and roof
2013 June- December, connecting all the internal processing
lines to the respective machinery, installing the many
kilometers of electric cables as well as the piping for
liquids, steam and compressed air
2014 January-March, continued the close collaboration
with the Kalmar Lantmn project management team
to complete the project on the basis of Just-in-time
construction, by controlling critical delivery times for
machines and prefabrication
2014 April, the factory was officially opened by Price Carl Philip
from Sweden
2015 June, the feedmill was visited by Darren Parris and Olivia
Holden from Milling and Grain Magazine
2015 August, the feedmill report was published in the August
edition of Milling and Grain
3/3
Feedmill
of the future
PROCESS FLOW
Raw material intake
As raw materials come into the raw material intake, and because
of the unique location of the Kalmar Lantmn feedmill, there are
several ways in which this takes place. They can be supplied by:
a) Ship
b) Trucks; with raw materials unloaded into one of two intake pits
where the trucks reverse in and dump their contents
c) Pneumatic unloading; minerals, such as lime stone and salt are
blown into the storage silos
d) Micro ingredients such as vitamins are supplied in big bags
e) Liquids arrive in tankers at the mills dedicated liquid terminal
When materials arrive they are checked for foreign objects
using a magnet system and cleaner.
The intake Garage
Raw Material Intake Pit
Grinding and hammer mills
The mill has the ability to grind raw materials in two ways; the
most common is using one of two hammer mills with automatic
screen exchange, which can deposit the ground materials into one
of the 52 raw material silos.
The raw materials can be ground to any desired size.
What makes this particular operation so special is the hammer
mills are operated with low harmonic frequency controllers with
a low harmonic, so when the system is slowed down, i.e. the
brakes are applied the waste perpetual electricity is siphoned
off and re-used back into the building utilising a two-stage
controller: Another example of energy saving. This coupled with
the automatic screen exchange, which allows for three different
screens, which means the hammer mill need not be stopped
a screen change can take seconds as opposed to the previous
process, which took a good 20 to 30 minutes.
In addition to this energy efficient set up of the hammer mills,
each hammer mill is hermetically sealed in its own soundinsulated control room reducing the noise to a maximum of
55db. Even though the building itself has been built with a sound
insulated concrete construction, additional measures have been
taken to reduce further the more noisy equipment.
Hammers are also prone to producing sparks, which when
coupled with dust can become a potential explosion risk. In the
Kalmar Lantmn mill all the bins after the hammer mills are
equipped with an explosion relief system.
For other feed products, such as specific chicken feed, the recipe
has the possibility not to be transported through the hammer mill
but is able to go through the roller mill instead.
Dosing
Liquid Intake
Located at the feed mill there are the following silos for storage:
72 small ingredients silos
96 finished feed silos
52 raw material silos
Each of the 52 silos holds 85 cubic meters; the silos have been
constructed round to maximise flow. This makes up the most
modern automated dosing system in operation.
All 52 silos sit on scales with a capacity of three cubic meters or
F
Mixing
2000kg for each scale. Between all the silos, this is one largescale system which all work together.
Therefore, if you had a recipe that included 10 or 12 different
raw materials all the silos would start dosing down to its scales
simultaneously. At the bottom of each silo is either a doublescrew or triple-screw depending on the need for accuracy. I
observed 10 stainless-steel triple screws which were designed for
more aggressive products, of course in these cases the silos are
also stainless steel.
In addition to all this control and automation, all the doubleand triple-screws are frequency controlled. This efficient system
allows for all ingredients of a recipe to be dosed simultaneously
allowing for 30 batches an hour of four tonnes each.
Each of the silos are 4mm stainless steel with the cones of the
silos being 5mm, at the bottom of each silo are three load cells,
which weigh exactly how much material is inside.
In fact if I stood, as I did on one of the 52 scales, it is
automatically picked up in the control room and an alarm is
raised.
And, whilst it has never happened, should the wrong dose ever
be measured -because they are using long bridge scales with eight
products in one scale - the operation can simply be stopped and
the unused (wrong dosed) ingredients can be sent back to their
original silo for re-use.
In older feedmills this would have simply been waste. Though
this is an added insurance policy and avoids any contamination,
one hopes it is never used.
With all these sensors and scales, the software supplied by Van
Aarsen (Cofely) allows for many multiples and variations of
adjustments and different parameters, with over 900 load cells the
system offers a complete automated approach to the whole mill,
allowing the whole operation to be dealt with by just one man
in the control room, which significantly cuts down man hours
required.
As the whole factory was built in concrete, planning was critical
as the whole flow of the mill in relation to the piping and its silos,
etc, had to be pre-cut out of the concrete before each level was
build, this included pre-drilling and cutting all the holes for the
possible sixth line that can be added in the future.
It was important to add in the possibility of a sixth line as to
increase an existing mill is not easy and whilst this new mill has
many innovations that put it significantly ahead in terms of design
and automation, the possibility of a sixth line and the ability to
move equipment and machinery between the floors with the 10
tonne lift make the mill to all intents and purposes, future proof,
when taken in context of the average life cycle of a feedmill.
Each mixer holds four tonnes / 8000 liters. As with the silos,
each mixer is on load cells, allowing the control room to
consistently monitor, in real time, the exact weight of ingredients
in each. The ingredients are mixed in fast homogeneous blending
paddle mixers. There is a mixer for each species line of feed
to avoid contamination; even spillages around the mixer are
protected from cross contamination as each is hermetically sealed
away from each other.
All the mixing is dry mixing. Ingredients such as molasses
is processed, preheated before adding in doses. A dry mix is
much more preferable as with liquid mixes, there is always a
clogging of the paddles, which would require some down time for
someone, once a week to enter the mixer and clean it out.
With dry mixing, you do not need to clean so often and you
keep your lines running more efficiently.
And the innovations do not stop here; all the waste heat
generated by the mixers is re-used and is filtered off to the
compressor system to heat up water for the boiler.
Processing at 13 tonnes per hour the re-used heat can pre-heat
the water to between 80 to 90 degrees, which in the winter the
temperature of the water can start at the intake as low as seven
degrees.
All the waste heat generated by the mixers is

re-used and is filtered off to the compressor
system to heat up water for the boiler
The pelleting line uses a

C900 pellet mill, which has a
unique die exchange system
Conditioning and pelleting
Before the pelleting process the whole mixture is conditioned

with steam, after which it goes through a hygienization process
where it is kept at 85 degrees for a maximum of four minutes,
which destroys any build up of salmonella.
In keeping with their very high standards for health safety and
the environment all waste steam goes through a condensing
system, reducing the temperature to between 40-50 degrees and is
extracted through a chimney in the roof.
In a further effort to save time and allow a more efficient
feedmill process the pelleting line uses a C900 pellet mill, which
has a unique die exchange system, which in turn enables the
miller to change dies quickly should a different customer require
a different pellet diameter.
August 2015 | 63
Feedmill
of the future
The coolers suck in air from the

outside via a HEPA filter
Cooling
The coolers suck in air from the outside via a HEPA filter,
similar to what you have in your car to clean the air of pollens,
etc.
The intake is a large corridor probably 20 meters long, with a
mesh to stop birds and animals coming in. Once in the corridor
there are three intake filters with a much finer mesh to filter out
smaller bugs and particles before going through the HEPA filter.
The coolers have been set up with a double deck configuration
for a quick product change over and two of the lines are equipped
with special meal coolers.
Also, as the winters can be very cold in Sweden, there is the
possibility to warm up the intake air so it is not too cold. The
same goes for any waste air pumped back into the atmosphere, it
is carefully filtered to make sure there is no dust contamination
and that any pollutants are below 3mg per cubic meter.
Crumbling, sieving and coating
The mill has the state-of-the-art crumbling machine where

the pellets can be crumbled, for instance into chicken feed.
The pellets and crumbs are then sieved so as to free them from
dust, with the dust being returned to the pelleting system.
As an additional service to its customers, Kalmar Lantmn
also offers the possibility to coat pellets or add extra liquids
at the final stage of the process. Each production line is fitted
with a pellet coater where liquids such as enzymes, which are
not resistant to high temperatures, can also be added.
Every completed batch of feed has a small sample
automatically taken from it and bagged and tagged and sent
automatically to the lab for quality testing.
The mill has the stateof-the-art crumbling

machine where
the pellets can be
crumbled, for instance
into chicken feed
F
Loading and distribution
Trucks will enter the

mill on the north side
where there are three
separate loading lanes
inside the building.
Once the process has finished, the final product goes into one
of the 96 finished product silos, trucks will enter the mill on the
north side where there are three separate loading lanes inside the
building.
In each loading station there is a double robot-weighing outlet,
which moves along the gantries, collects the desired feed and
positions itself automatically over the truck for loading.
It was clear to me that this project had succeeded by using the
very highest levels of automation available in todays market.
The overall project consisted of smart engineering by making
the building 30 percent smaller whilst maintaining all the five
lines with space for an additional line.
Then installing high quality machines allowing the production
of a low cost per tonne of feed. Outside of these key points, and
the many others I have mentioned above, it ultimately succeeds
because of its automation.
Automation of the whole production process
Only two operators during the day and one at night
Operators can make any adjustments on the spot with a tablet
Remote controlled by Van Aarsens automation specialists for
service and support
All silos, bins, mixers are equipped with weighing facilities, to
see at any moment where all raw materials or finished products
are in the process, as well as keeping an eye on actual stock
levels
Automated sampling of finished product in combination with a
fully automated sample packaging system.
Van Aarsen. The vital link to your feed chain
2015-07-23, Adv Milling and Grain 190x132mm.indd 1
August 201524-07-15
| 65
09:31
STORAGE
ATEX powder
Are ATEX powder storage silos disasters waiting to happen?

by Mark Stevenson and Nigel Allen, Hycontrol
evel measurement specialists Hycontrol

have long had a background in the
control of flour, grain, starch and
animal feed, and have been designing
specialist silo protection systems for
over 20 years. As such, they have
extensive experience of the potential
problems that exist on sites, especially
those handling products such as flour,
sugar, grains and starch. According to Hycontrols MD Nigel
Allen, many ATEX-rated powder storage silos are disasters
waiting to happen, putting lives at risk and posing serious threats
to the environment.
Our findings are worrying to say the least and the photos
taken by our installation engineers speak for themselves,
says Mr Allen. Companies just dont seem to understand the
consequences of poorly maintained protection systems. Its
quite frightening that operators accept pressure blowouts via the
pressure relief valve (PRV), erroneously thinking that Its ok the PRV is doing its job. This couldnt be further from the truth
- PRVs are there as a last resort.
If the silo protection system is working correctly and is
fitted with an automatic shut-off feature to prevent over-filling,
the PRV should never be used. If a PRV blows then theres an
inherent problem with the system or the filling protocol and
corrective action must be taken.
Material in and around a PRV is a tell-tale sign that theres
something wrong and a catastrophic blow-out is waiting to
happen, he continues. The material blown out from the
silos will almost certainly solidify over time and this will, at
best, prevent the PRV from working correctly and, at worst,
completely clog it up. Unfortunately many maintenance
engineers just dont realise the potential dangers that lurk
beneath. They often think that simply cleaning off the material
on and around the PRV is good enough. They dont realise that if
the PRV doesnt lift next time an event occurs the over-pressure
could easily rupture the silo or eject the filter housing from the
top. On an ATEX-rated silo the over-pressure could be sufficient
to simulate an explosion and open the protective blast panels,
resulting in costly loss of product and silo contents being left
open to the elements.
With regard to filter housings, Hycontrol engineers have
witnessed another worrying practice at a number of sites where
companies fit chains to prevent the housing being blown off the
top of the silo, almost accepting blowouts as being inevitable.
What Causes Over-Pressurisation Problems?
Silo protection systems are designed to prevent the damaging

and potentially dangerous
consequences of silo over-filling or over-pressurisation when
powdered material is being transferred pneumatically from road
tankers to silos. Unfortunately, perched out on the top of silos,
such protection systems are all too often out of sight, out of mind
- until a major problem occurs!
Problems during the filling process usually arise through an
inherent problem with the silo protection system or with the
air filtration system on top of the silo. Problems can also occur
through tanker driver/operator error. Delivery tankers are pressuretested vessels typically capable of withstanding up to two-bar (29
psi) pressure. Storage silos, on the other hand, are only designed to
withstand the weight of material stored in them and can rupture at
pressures as low as 1-2 psi above atmospheric pressure.
The consequences of over-filling or over-pressurisation include:
Serious or fatal injury to workers and the public
Catastrophic silo damage
Loss of material and production plus
Harmful environmental pollution
Damage to company reputation
A key issue with many silo protection systems is that without
adequate ground level testing capabilities, operators dont know
if they will work when needed. Working at height restrictions
limit silo top inspections and maintenance, especially in adverse
weather conditions. However, the main problem is: what can
engineers actually do when they are at the top of the silo? How do
you physically test a relief valve or pressure transmitter unless you
remove them?
Even if the protection system does do its intended job and
prevents a major incident, companies rarely investigate the root
cause of the problem so that remedial work can be carried out to
prevent the situation re-occurring. High-level events and highpressure events are routinely not recorded and often conveniently
dismissed. Hycontrol have clear evidence that in practice there are
more near misses than realised and that the situation is a ticking
time bomb.
Filter housings on top of silos are designed to vent the silo
during filling, whilst preventing dust escaping into the atmosphere.
Normally these are fitted with some form of self-cleaning system
to keep filters clear, typically mechanical shakers or reverse jet
systems. Although filter manufacturers give recommended check
routines and filter replacement schedules, in practice it would
appear these guidelines are regularly ignored. A range of issues,
F
including blockages and the fitting of unsuitable or wrongly
sized filters, can cause faulty operation. Most powders form hard
compounds when mixed with water from the atmosphere, further
exacerbating the problems at the top of the silo.
Effective Silo Protection
Other industrial areas are further ahead in dealing with this issue.
For example, the Mineral Products Association (MPA) publishes
comprehensive guidelines for silo protection systems in UK
quarries and cement works. But worryingly there are little or no
such recommendations for powder silos used in a broader range of
industries, including food and beverage, grain, starch, sugar, and
animal feed. The primary principles are the same for protecting any
pneumatically-filled silo, yet the issue is being routinely overlooked.
Even with guidelines in place, the benchmark for the
effectiveness of any silo safety protection system can only relate to
the last time all the components were fully tested.
Optimum Solution
The only effective solution is to take an integrated approach

to silo protection design whereby the PRV, pressure sensor and
high level alarm can be tested at
ground level, prior to each fill.
Only when all these safety devices
have passed the checks should the
safety interlock allow the silo inlet
valve to open and the delivery to
commence.
As an added benefit, an effective
protection system can serve as a
powerful predictive maintenance
diagnostic tool by recording critical
near-miss events that occur during
the filling process. This information
allows managers to carry out effective
predictive maintenance by means
of a logical step-by-step root cause
analysis (RCA) process to understand
why the problems are arising. For
example, high pressure and PRV lift
events may be due to filter problems,
prompting questions such as:
Are the filters the correct size?
Is the filter-cleaning regime fully
operational?
Have the filter bags/
cartridges been changed
as per manufacturers
recommendations?
In parallel, the logs will also
indicate if the tanker drivers are
routinely over-pressurising during
the fill process.
In summary, the optimised
silo protection system should
incorporate:
Pressure sensor, high alarm
level sensor and PRV testing
(essential)
Simple one-button press to test
all components
Silo filling auto shut-off control
Pneumatic cleaning of pressure
sensor
Recording of the number of events on incidents of over-pressure

(time / date stamp)
Recording of the number of events of PRV lift and opening
(time / date stamp)
Recording of the number of events of high level probe
activation (time / date stamp)
Filter ON / OFF output option to check filter status
Filter air supply monitoring alarm option
There is strong empirical evidence that many silos are disasters
waiting to happen. The practical reality is that powder storage silos
can split or rupture at pressures as low as one or two psi above
atmospheric pressure. Malfunctioning filter housings can and have
been ejected at similar pressures.
Simply relying on cursory visual inspections of silo protection
equipment is woefully inadequate. Therefore it is imperative that
any installed safety system must be capable of providing reliable
protection that can be easily verified by testing critical components
before each and every delivery - without having to climb to the top
of the silo. This approach will provide total silo safety; protecting
assets, the environment and most importantly site personnel and
the public.
August 2015 | 67
Storage project
ISU NorthWest Research Farm grain bin when nearly completed
GSI donates new grain storage system for Iowa State

University Northwest research farm
Iowa State Universitys Northwest Research Farm now has
its first grain storage system, thanks to GSI, which donated
a 10 500 bushel grain bin, and its local dealer, C-S Agrow
Service, of Calumet, Iowa, which donated the labour to
install it.
Josh Sievers, manager of ISU Northwest Research
Farm explains the deal came about following last years
harvest where a lot of wet grain had been wasted, he and
his colleagues were driving past their local GSI dealer and
decided to head in and try to strike up a deal. The local GSI
made a request to their headquarters. GSI has gained some
publicity and the farm has ended up with a 10 500 bushel
grain bin on their site at the end of it.
Mr Sievers cannot express his gratitude to GSI enough,
exclaiming, It was like the stars had aligned and the red
carpet had been rolled out.
The new bin will enable the research facility, based in
OBrien County, to store and dry corn more efficiently at
harvest than continuing to transport it to a nearby commercial
elevator.
According to Mr Sievers, While the farm primarily
functions as a research facility, it is also a production farm
which has its own financial targets to reach, this new bin will
make things easier. The donated storage bin can hold a third
of our entire crop, not to mention it is highly automated and
very safety conscious.
In addition to the 30-foot bin, the new storage system
includes GSI grain bin accessories provided by C-S Agrow
at cost to ISU, including outside stairs, unloading auger,

aeration floor, stirring equipment, a fan and heater. The
dealers sister company, The Concrete Guys, donated labour
to pour the bins concrete pad. GSI, based in Assumption,
IL, is a leading global provider of on-farm and commercial
grain storage bins, material handling systems, and grain
conditioning and drying equipment.
We are extremely grateful for these donations, without
which this project would not have been possible, says Mr
Sievers. This bin will not only allow us to dry and store
grain on the farm, but also allow an earlier start on corn
harvest without having to pay for off-farm drying and shrink
charges. This new system will be put to good use for years to
come.
Bryan Halverson, sales manager for C-S Agrow, said it
took six workers three days to complete the project, which
is located about 1.5 miles south of Calumet. The ISU
Northwest Research Farms plays a key role in advancing
agriculture for Iowa farmers, says Mr Halverson. As GSIs
largest dealer in the state, were proud give back to the
community by providing this grain storage system to support
their research efforts.
Mr Siever says The Northwest Research Farm which
conducts research in a wide range of agricultural areas
including pest treatment applications, water quality, and
soil quality amongst other things, currently has no plans
to expand further in the short-term but are always open to
opportunities which might arise in the future.
One Source. One Solution.
k
l
a
t
s
t
e
Labout GRAIN
S
N
O
I
T
U
L
O
S
Talk to the people who listen to your needs for

grain handling, grain storage and grain conditioning
solutions tailored to your operation
Local system sales & field service representatives worldwide
Responsive engineering and technical support
Complete range of bins, conveyors and accessories
Premium quality Lambton-built components and systems
Celebrating 50 Years
www.lambtonconveyor.com
For more information about Lambton:
sales@lambtonconveyor.com
Tel: +1 519.627.8228
Toll Free: +1 888.239.9713 (North America)
Storage News
BinMaster and Eye-Grain announce strategic alliance
inMaster of Lincoln, Nebraska, USA and EyeGrain of Denmark have announced their strategic
alliance that will bring a new line of temperature,
moisture and CO2 sensors to the North and South American
grain storage markets. BinMaster will be manufacturing
and marketing the revolutionary Crop-Protector line
of sensor systems for monitoring stored grain under this
exclusive agreement. This builds on the success of the
Crop-Protector line of products in Europe, Africa, and
Asia sold under the igrain brand name in international
markets.
Crop-Protector solutions include state-of-the-art digital
temperature and moisture monitoring cables for installation
in bins and silos that are highly accurate and have a
long service life. Portable sensor lances with handheld
readouts are a cost-effective solution for monitoring flat
storage, piles or occasional temperature data sampling.
The Crop-Protector CO2 sensor developed in 2009 was
the first product of its kind on the market. Now in its third
generation, it is a fast-growing new technology that detects
carbon dioxide, which is an indication of undesirable
biologic activity and infestation in stored grain. The CropProtector line also includes an advanced, easy-to-use
Aeration Control System that includes rugged, professional
weather stations required for accurate ambient weather
information. The Dash Board Manager software can

be operated on-site or via Cloud-based software and is
designed to keep crops in optimum condition.
Crop-Protector grain conditioning systems are already
proven in grain storage facilities in many international
markets, according to Peer Hansen, biochemist and director
of marketing and sales for Eye-Grain. BinMasters ISO
9001:2008 (quality management) manufacturing and
experienced staff will ensure that grain facilities get top
quality products and personal service in the North and
South American markets. The innovations created by Peer
Hansen and the current Eye-Grain products have served the
post-harvest grain storage industry from farm level to major
industrial customers worldwide since 2003.
The Crop-Protector monitoring and control solutions
will be offered by BinMaster as complete systems
including communication hubs, wall-mounted touch
screens, and software for a turnkey solution with
continuous monitoring of stored grain conditions,
automated alerts, and other options. Temperature and
moisture monitoring systems are a perfect complement
to BinMasters line of level controls and inventory
monitoring systems, stated Scott McLain, CEO of
BinMaster. Eye-Grain delivers the quality and innovation
customers expect from BinMaster.
Industry profile
Selis - manufacturer of grain milling machinery
by Tom Blacker, Milling and Grain magazine
elis is a well-known manufacturer of grain milling

machinery. The sectors of flour, maize and semolina
milling are its core industries and it undertakes turnkey
projects regularly.
In 2014, Selis celebrated their 50th anniversary having been
established in 1964. Selis is based in modern premises in
Eskisehir, Turkey with a global reach. The company is a part of
the larger Ykseli group.
Darren Parris and Tom Blacker from
Milling and Grain recently went to see the
manufacturer in Eskisheir, Turkey. This
visit took place after the excellent trade
show, IDMA 2015 (for those who did not
attend IDMA or are looking to return to the
event, it has recently been revealed that the
next IDMA exhibition will be held in April
2018).
When visiting Selis, we were shown the
R&D facilities, roller miller assemblage
halls and offices. The company is endorsed
with management practices attaining to the
certified standards in ISO 9001:2000.
Temel Hermankaya, business
development director and food process
engineer and colleagues at Selis. We
were introduced to others such as Mr
Sedat Kundurac, general manager and Mr Mertcan Kundurac,

customer representative.
One new product we were shown was the Novitious roller
mill. This is a roller mill for flour milling which develops the
Fortimus product line with higher performance for millers. At
the acclaimed milling industry exhibition in April, the Novitious
was launched at an official ceremony. The industry took note of
this new roller mill and we were granted special access in the
Left to right: Mertcan Kundurac, Sedat Kundurac, Temel Hermankaya
assembly hall on our visit.

The Novitious roller mill features stylish aesthetics with
their own YSL Design, however the technical and innovative
advances on the inside of the machine are the most interesting
of all. Contrary to the normal standard, smooth-ground rolls are
used instead of fluted rolls. This is called the Dynamic Angled
Positioning System and has worldwide patents pending. This is
not just a roller milling evolution. It is a revolution.
The rolls in the Novitious are set at changeable angles and
operated by computer control for optimum milling grinding. The
Novitious has been designed with high-capacity mills in mind
and there are middle combiner units, which offers advantages
with multiple machines in mill lines for maintenance, sanitation
and usage. The Novitious also comes in two size ranges with the
SNTX standard sized machine with two rolls and SCNTX
the larger and taller mill. One upgrade from the Fortimus is the
control from a mounted panel of buttons to a combination to a
touch screen and PLC where more functions can be controlled.
Readers can seek more technical features can be requested
directly from Selis.
The Novitious was another product borne from the extensive
research and development that Selis conduct to raise the

standards of their machinery. By doing so, they align products
closer to market demands and can be ahead of the curve set by
their competitors.
International sales of the product have already been received for
the Novitious by Selis, and they hope that this product will prove
to be a successful roller mill to export markets. Particularly of
keen interest is the European market and it is being highlighted
as a good match. Striking out from Turkey into Europe is nothing
new. However, to see this as a prime market for customers is
a sign of the quality and unique innovations contained and
customers can realise potential benefits with this product.
Later on during the visit in the assemblage hall, another visit
co-incided of over 20 Russian delegates took place to inspect the
new Novitious roller mill and other products. Sedat, Mertcan and
Temel then led us up to the impressively sized boardroom and
facilities. We were told that many customers arrange and finalise
their contracts here. We enjoyed the large maps, wall-adorned
artwork and many international flags displayed too.
With broad horizons and a bright future, Selis seem to be
supplying the industry with a great range of potential solutions.
August 2015 | 73
F CASE STUDY
CASE STUDY
Modern meets tradition

at Molino Quaglia
Molino Quaglia is a modernly
equipped mill that feels an
obligation to both family tradition
and quality.
by Thomas Ziolko, Bhler AG, Grain Milling
he northern Italian mill has been relying

on Bhler as its technology partner for
years. The Quaglia family owners are
enthusiastic about the recently added
Maia bagging station, due to its easy
operation, low cleaning requirements and
the new sealing system.
Molino Quaglia is a special mill in
several respects, beginning with the
founding of the mill over a hundred years ago. At the age of 13,
Antonio Quaglia left his home in northern Italy, where his parents
ran their traditional mill operation since 1856, and built his own
mill just south of Padua. The truly unique part: The small stonegrinding mill floated on two rafts on the Adige River (the Fuime
Adige in Italian) and was driven by the water over the mill wheels.
Industrial mill
In 1937, Molino Quaglia moved from the river to solid ground

in the commune of Vighizzolo dEste. Under the guidance of
Annito Quaglia, the family-operated business grew into an
industrially operated mill that often stood out within the Italian
milling sector because of its innovations. For instance, in 1986,
Molino Quaglia was the first Italian mill to install a grain roasting
facility. The siblings Lucio, Chiara and Andrea Quaglia took
over the management of the family business in 1989. As the first
mill in Italy, they had Molino Quaglia certified step-by-step and
successively expanded the production lines.
Partnering with Bhler since 2007
In 2007, Molino Quaglia purchased its first machinery from

Bhler, a Primus/Ventus grain cleaner for pre-cleaning grain
that had been delivered. The Quaglias immediately noticed
improvements in the production capacity as well as the flour
quality. Other Bhler machinery followed, such as a Light Peeler,

the high-capacity grain cleaner VEGA, a Sortex color sorter and
finally several Antares roller mills. In 2011, the Quaglia siblings
selected the Bhler company to deliver a new automation solution
which would merge all plants in the Molino Quaglia under one
central control system.
Maia bagging station
Molino Quaglias partnership with Bhler is continuing. Based

on the good experiences they had with the machines from Bhler,
Molino Quaglia decided to purchase a new Maia MWPG bagging
station as part of its refurbishment of the filling station. The
compact machine has been in operation at Molino Quaglia since
August 2014 and is primarily used for bagging whole wheat, bran
and wheat germ in 12.5 and 25 kilo bags. These products comprise
about 10 percent of the companys sales.
Gluing instead of sewing for paper and woven

polypropylene bags
Molino Quaglia is using paper bags and woven polypropylene

bags for its product. The customer requested from Bhler a
reliable closing station where bags would be glued and not sewn
shut. The adhesive closure of the Pinch closing station has
proven itself excellently, stated Andrea Quaglia. The main
advantage of the adhesive seal compared to the sewn closure
is the lower maintenance costs and easier operation. The new
station has been working with high reliability since it started up.
Quaglias specifications have been met for sealing both paper and
polypropylene bags.
Easy operation
In addition to dependability, Andrea Quaglia emphasises the

easy operation and time-saving maintenance of the new bagging
any Made in
erm
G
in
ermany M
a
de
Do you have a project that you would like to see featured in the
pages on Milling and Grain?
Share your project news with the
world, by contacting Olivia Holden
(oliviah@perendale.co.uk)
in G
CASE STUDY
The modern mill facility Molino Quaglia has a capacity of

400t/24h. The mill also includes a stone mill, reconstructed in
2008, that processes grain using the latest technology but following
an old tradition, producing flour of the highest quality. Molino
Quaglia is a leading Italian manufacturer of flour for bread, baked
goods, pastries, pizza dough and household consumption. It also
produces flour from roasted grain and gluten-free flour mixtures.
Maia meets all of our expectations to a high degree. The
bagging station is very easy and intuitive to operate and can
be cleaned in a very short amount of time. In addition, the new
adhesive seal of the pinch closing station is a real advantage, says
Andrea Quaglia, Managing Director of Molino Quaglia.
REAL
BREWERS
YEAST
de in Germany
Molino Quaglia
M ade i n G e
rm
y
an
an
a
M
station: Maia is very easy to operate. Changing out the types of

bags is very simple and can be quickly performed. The clearly
structured control panel with color touchscreen allows the machine
to be simply and intuitively operated. The replacement parts can be
identified and ordered without error thanks to the integrated spare
parts catalog.
Andrea Quaglia points out that the biggest advantage of the
Maia bagging station, however, is the very low level of dust
emission. Because of the sanitation design of Maia, very little dust
is created when filling the bags. And when the work is finished,
cleaning the entire machine takes very little time. The entire unit as
well as the surroundings are clean and in top shape within fifteen
minutes.
rm
Ge
EXCELLENCE IN YEAST
EXCELLENT FOR RUMINANTS
e
ad
The mill also

includes a
stone mill,
reconstructed
in 2008, that
processes grain
using the latest
technology but
following an
old tradition,
producing flour of
the highest quality
CASE STUDY F
Leiber brewers yeast products

Excellent for:
Cell regeneration
Immune system
Fertility/Performance
Digestion
Prebiotic effect
Coat/hooves
Leiber GmbH
Hafenstrae 24
49565 Bramsche
Germany
Tel. +49 (0)5461 9303-0
Fax +49 (0)5461 9303-29
www.leibergmbh.de
info@leibergmbh.de
August 2015 | 75
MARKETS OUTLOOK
Crop weather scares receding
by John Buckley
Demand for US soya

will rise somewhat
from domestic
crushers while
exports will probably
slip under intense
competition from
the Latin American
suppliers. At this
stage, the outcome
is expected to be
substantial growth
in US surplus stocks,
from under 7m to
about 11.5m tonnes
GRAIN and oilseed markets saw a surprise but, in the event, unsustainable run-up in prices
during the period since our last review. Mostly this hump in costs was due to crop weather
scares and funds making the most of these in hope of an easy profit. Many of these events were
probably over-played, trading off uncertainties rather than major crop damage so are now
receding in importance. That said, one or two key questions still need to be resolved, notably
the final size of maize and soya planted acreages in the USA, the worlds largest grain and
oilseed producing country. There is also an unusually wide range of US yield forecasts for
both crops. Markets also need to see the outcome of a European heat-wave, already trimming
millions of tonnes off the maize crop, some changeable conditions at the tail end of an already
weather-challenging season in Russia and Ukraine and, not least, the extent to which drought
has reduced Canadas wheat, durum and canola crops.
All of these factors have the potential to disturb prices further in coming weeks. However,
there are also some important-price restraining factors at work on both the supply and demand
side of the ledger. For the wheat market, these are led by better than expected crops (so
far) in Europe and the Black Sea region (Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan) and, perhaps even
more importantly, the USDAs decision to make a big downward revision in its Chinese
consumption forecasts (down 6m tonnes for 2014/15 and another 5m for 2015/16). The latter
changes along with one or two other reassessments, have resulted in the USDA adding a hefty
16.5m tonnes to its forecast for global wheat ending stocks for 2015/16 (ends next June 30).
Because these are inside China, these stocks are effectively off-market. They might also be
considered a slightly academic number, based on as many guesstimates as facts. Nonetheless,
they do put a slacker slant on the global wheat supply situation and, if these really are
anywhere near correct, they will have some influence on Chinas maize consumption and
import needs.
For maize and soyabeans, which we count with wheat as the three main market movers, there
are some some further bearish developments, led by larger than expected South American
crops. Looking at whats emerging from local/national sources, some of these Lat-Am numbers
are probably still being under-estimated by the USDA - and other official analysts both for
the 2014/125 season nearing completion (August 31) and for the new 2015/16 marketing year .
Assuming the weather doesnt suddenly turn nasty for the second half of the Northern
Hemisphere wheat harvest or the remainder of our maize/soya growing season, the outlook
remains much as we summed it up in our last issue: another year of large production, backed
by comfortable (mostly larger than average) carry-in stocks from last year. That ample supply,
moreover is set against no more than moderate growth of global demand.
Without a fresh weather scare ( and it would have to be a big one coming sooner than later for
now rapidly maturing crops) there is nothing much here to excite the speculator into another
round of betting on grain price rises. Indeed, one or two of the banks that like to forecast
agricultural market price trends are estimating grain values will fall below the levels indicated
by the forward futures price curve. At this stage, its hard to disagree with that.
Wheat stocks to stay high
Apart from the larger Chinese wheat stocks mentioned above (estimated to cover about 40% of
world supplies), inventories are looking pretty comfortable in some of the market-influencing
centres too. The EU is reckoned to carry in about 14/15m tonnes this year and, assuming
a crop somewhere around the 146/148m tonne level, it will leave 2015/16 with a similarly
large ending stock. This assumes the EU consumes something close to last years volume of
wheat, say around 124m tonnes, and again exports about 31m (which would be its third largest
achievement, comfortable keeping Europe in the role of worlds leading exporter).
US wheat output, despite a number of weather problems, is expected to rise by about 3.3m
tones to 58.5m. Allowing for say 2/2.5m more domestic consumption, it can still export (if it
can find enough markets for its relatively expensive grain) about 3.5m tonnes more than last
season and, even then, end up with a larger stockpile than last
year of almost 23m tonnes (20.5m). The only real caveat is a
potential quality one after the soft red winter harvest got hit
by untimely rains but at this stage that seems to be having
little impact on US or overseas prices, mainly because there is
so much cheaper soft wheat available on the world market at
harvest time. In fact, US soft red wheat for export is near its
seasonal (and five-year) lows at around $206/tonne fob as we
go to press. Even the US hard, higher protein milling wheats are
relatively cheap by past comparison (see chart) but often, still
not cheap enough to compete on the world market. The main
driving factor her is a stellar yield forecast for the US spring
wheat crop maybe even a record high which is good news
for millers seeking to use these to beef up the quality of their
grists.
Looking at the other major wheat suppliers, the Canadian picture
has been less encouraging after a drought hit the western half of
the Prairie wheat belt. The countrys Wheat Board has just come
out with a forecast of around 25m tonnes compared with 27.5m
from a recent USDA report, last years 29.3m and the previous
seasons record 37.5m tonnes. It will reduce Canadas export
role by about 5m or 6m tonnes (from 24.2m last season) maybe
a little more or less depending whether or not recent improved
rainfall gives the crop a late boost. Canadas problems might
be to the advantage of US exporters later in the season or the
gap might simply be filled by other suppliers - from the former
Soviet Union, Australia or even Europe. (In any event, world

wheat imports are expected to drop by about 3m tonnes this
season to offset Canadas smaller crop somewhat).
Australia also has some dry weather problems, linked to the El
Nino phenomenon, which may cut its production well below
the expected 24-26m tonnes (last year 24m). That situation
should become clearer over the next few weeks but at this stage,
analysts are still looking for exports not too far off last seasons
17.5m tonnes. The other significant South Hemisphere wheat
supplier, Argentine has also had some problems with weather,

delaying sowing and other disincentives (like government
interference in trade) possibly cutting planted area by as much
as 20% to what some say could be its lowest for 100-years.
Fortunately for foreign buyers, the markets have had a few years
to adjust to Argentinas shrinking export role (from 12m four
Your global technology process supplier

for the animal feed industry
ANDRITZ is one of the worlds
leading suppliers of techno
logies, systems, and services
relating to advanced industri
al equipment for the animal
feed industry. With an in-depth
knowledge of each key process,
we can supply a compatible and
homogeneous solution from raw
material intake to finished feed
bagging.
ANDRITZ Feed & Biofuel A/S

Europe, Asia, and South America: andritz-fb@andritz.com
USA and Canada: andritz-fb.us@andritz.com
www.andritz.com
August 2015 | 77
years ago to between 1.7m and 4m the past two seasons).

It has in any event, been long overtaken by the up and coming
CIS suppliers. Their story has been a more complicated one this
year starting with damaging dry planting and autumn crop
establishment, some very mixed spring and summer weather
to date and the much-publicised challenge of getting enough
imported fertiliser on crops at a time of collapsing Russian and
Ukrainian currencies and other, general economic mayhem.
Strangely enough, it all seems to have worked out surprisingly
well. Early yields are up and wheat crops are currently expected
to be not much below last years at some 94.5m for the three
main producers combined (97m).
Because exports last year were reined in at times (not least by
Russias imposition of an export duty from February onward),
both countries are starting with larger than expected stocks.

In Russias case, these may not be mostly in the governments
strategic stock, as originally planned, but they are stil available
as an extra supply cushion that can help influence a reasonably
liberal export policy.
Confusion was reignited a few weeks back when the Russian
government decided to introduce a new Rouble-based floating
export duty unpopular with the exporters who saw themselves
getting into open- ended exposure when making foreign sales
in dollars, then sourcing in (recently highly volatile) Roubles.
In the event, this has not stopped them stepping up foreign
sales and, as they always seem to, setting the bar low for rival
exporters at the start of the new season (big sales recently to
Egypt and others, mostly beating the EU hands down on price).
How Russias (and other CIS) exports evolve in coming weeks
and months is of key importance to the EU wheat market. In
determining the world export price, it will feed into the EU
market value of wheat and if it continues to undercut should
bring benefits to EU users in terms of lower costs. We have
already seen this on EU wheat futures markets which had
jumped from 176 at the time of our last review to as much
as 205/tonne at the end of June, when a French heat-wave
and other weather issues were threatening a lower European
crop. The collapsing euro during the Greek crisis didnt help
that situation, helping to drive prices higher. In the event, as
mentioned above, wheat was mature enough to escape the
worst heat damage and the euro, for now at least, has been
displaying a bit of, albeit sporadic, resilience. But probably even

more important in bringing the price back to around 181.50
recently, has been the renewed pressure on global wheat prices
coming from the Black Sea region. EU wheat value will also be
influenced, through the feed link, by the price of maize, again
determined to a large extent by how much the CIS nations can
produce and export and competition between the two grains for
custom. If this progresses as it has done for the last few years,
that may be another bearish factor in the price mix for feed
ingredients before long.
Where will US corn/soya plantings end up?
US weather has been the driving force in feed-grain pricing
over recent weeks as the trade tries to guess the impact of wet
weather delays on planted area and yields for the two biggest
crops corn and soyabeans. The last analysis by the USDA
(in July) had US planted area for maize at 88.9m acres versus
last years 90.6m which with harvest acreage of 81.1m and a
trendline yield of 166.8 bushels equated to a crop of 343.7m
tonnes about 17.4m under last years but still the third
largest on record. That was matched against prospective US
consumption of 301.3m (unchanged from last year) and exports
of 48m tonnes (46m), leaving US ending stocks at a very
comfortable 40.6m. There is nothing overtly bullish in those
numbers although several of them will doubtless be exposed to
substantial revision not least acreage and yield, for both of
which the trade has a wide range of estimates both sides of the
USDA view.
Our hunch is that the acreage number may not be so far out and
that yields will be at least as good as USDA suggests, bearing
in mind all the moisture (rain makes grain) and a recent drier,
warmer spell to get crops moving but no fierce heat on the
radar to spoil the key pollination phase, now well underway as
we go to press. Even if the crop were, say 10m or 15m tonnes
under forecast, stocks would not be as tight as in some recent
years unless the demand side of the 2015/16 equation had been
under-rated. US feed use, its true, might turn out a bit better
than USDAs stable view - but only if US maize costs stay
cheap. Corn ethanol, the other big US outlet, no longer seems
to have much growth potential as demand runs up against the
blend wall set by the governments usage mandate and world
energy markets stay on the floor amid a bearish global macroeconomic environment. Also, US maize exports may not
increase, as USDA expects, if the plentiful foreign competition
continues to undercut, as it does now, from rival Latin American
and CIS suppliers.
Globally, corn production is seen down slightly in the new
season that starts September 1 at 987m tonnes versus last years
record 1,002m, according to the USDA. The lions share of that
drop is down to the smaller US crop, the rest to the EU (minus
9-10m), Brazil (-5m) and Ukraine (-2.5m tonnes).
The EU outlook has been a bit of a shock to the trade here,
expecting a better result before unusually severe, dry, heatwaves developed across France, Germany, Czech Republic,
Hungary etc during the past couple of months. However, the
supply gap can be managed by increasing imports from the CIS
group which, judging by recent market movements there, look
likely to remain cheap.
Brazils next corn crop is probably well under-rated by USDA
at 77m tonnes and, for the second year running it has huge
carry-over stocks to supplement its exports. The worlds
second-largest corn supplier is already harvesting and shipping,
undercutting US prices - as is its neighbour Argentina and the
two main CIS exporters, Ukraine and Russia.
On the global demand side, the biggest factor outside the US is
China, expected to consume 4m tonnes more maize next season
than this. But Chinas own crop is estimated to have jumped
by over 13m tonnes and its surplus stockpile is seen ballooning
from an already huge 80m to as much as 92m tonnes, almost
half the worlds total corn stocks so no big imports needed
there.
World corn demand is expected to grow by a moderate 8.5m
tonnes in total. Apart from China and the EU (+2m), a few other
countries including Brazil, Argentina, Egypt and Canada will
consume more next season than this. However, most of these are
self-sufficient/in surplus, so the consequent impact on import
demand will be modest. Overall there should not be much need
for maize stock drawdown perhaps 4m or 5m tonnes, leaving
the total well above the low levels that fuelled big price rises on
the global maize/feedgrain markets three or four years ago.
So, assuming the US crop comes through within the ballpark
of recent estimates and no other weather disruptions occur, the
world should be adequately supplied with corn to meet its needs
at todays or perhaps cheaper prices. Despite that, the CBOT
futures market still has corn costs pointing North to the tune
of about 8.5% into mid-2016. However, a number of private
analysts think that over-rates the impact of slightly lower global
stocks. EU corn futures meanwhile suggest a more modest 2-4%
price increase going into latter 2016, despite the domestic crop
upset. That also seems to suggest confidence in adequate foreign
supplies to fill the gap.
Soya surplus continues into 2016
Like the grains, soya products jumped in price during June as
the Chicago market reacted to concerns about rain delaying and
downsizing US plantings. For European importers of beans and
meal, the price strength was enhanced by the weakness of the
Euro as the Greek monetary crisis flared.
However, since mid-July, the US market has been in steep
retreat with improving US weather and persistent market
ideas that soya acreage there might have been under-rated.
Crop condition ratings are below last years when yields and
production reached record levels but there is still plenty of time
for improvement. So while the next US soya crop will likely
be down from last years 108m tonnes it will probably not fall
much and should still be the second largest ever.
Demand for US soya will rise somewhat from domestic crushers
while exports will probably slip under intense competition
from the Latin American suppliers. At this stage, the outcome
is expected to be substantial growth in US surplus stocks, from
under 7m to about 11.5m tonnes.
However, even that is eclipsed by what is happening down
South. Brazil and Argentina have not only already produced
record crops for 2014/15 (recently harvested). Both are also
carrying in record stocks of over 34m and 21.5m tonnes
respectively. Moreover, both are now expected to plant large
crops again this autumn for harvest in 2016. On present
pointers, the USDA expects total 2015/16 soyabean supply to
approach 400m tonnes compared with the past seasons 381m
and the previous years 340m. Demand is not growing as fast,

however, resulting in global stocks rising yet again to a new
peak of almost 92m tonnes. Thats equivalent to about 73m
tonnes of soya meal - even before the next crop is grown. To
put that in context, world soya meal demand is only expected to
grow in 2015/16 by about 10m tonnes.
The outlook is less encouraging for the two main oilmeal
sources grown in Europe sunflowers and rapeseed. EU farmers
reduced plantings of sunseed slightly and now seem likely to get
lower yields too. The crop has recently been estimated at 8.2m
tonnes versus last years 8.94m but some analysts think thats
now a bit optimistic. Among the EUs foreign suppliers, Ukraine
expects a smaller and Russia a slightly better crop. Overall,

the CIS region should have just under 20m tonnes, similar to
last year. Another key source, Argentina, expects slightly less
output. Overall, world sunflower production is expected to drop
by about 500,000 tonnes on top of a 3m tonne decline in the
previous year.
Rapeseed supply looks far worse, however, with world
production forecast by the USDA to drop to around 67m tonnes
from last years record 71.7m, partly due to dry weather curbing
yields and partly lower plantings (especially in Europe). Other
estimates are even lower. Top producer Canada is expected to
harvest 12.5/13.5m tonnes versus 15.6m last year and almost
18m the year before. Some EU estimates are below 21m tonnes
compared with last years 24.3m. CIS production, some of
which makes its way to European oilseed crushers is also seen
dropping by 800,000 tonnes to 3.8m and Australias crop from
3.4m to perhaps 3m. Global rapeseed crush is expected to
drop by about 3% - its first decline for some years - and even
that will mean stocks tightening to their lowest for quite some
time. Fortunately for oilmeal users, any lack of sunflower and
rapeseed meal can be replaced with abundant supplies of soya
the market leader and price setter - although, obviously, that
means more soya imports subject to fluctuations in the world
market and what happens to the euro/dollar exchange rate.

Hopefully the sheer weight of soya supplies will have the greater
effect in keeping costs down. Soya meal makes up about 70% of
world oilmeal supplies, rapeseed meal about 13% and sun meal
around 5%.
KEY FACTORS AHEAD - WHEAT
The size of Russias crop somewhere between 55m and 58m
tonnes? Russian exporters are already taking an aggressive
pricing role, intent on reclaiming their reputation as not only
a cheap but reliable supplier. Ukraine also has a big crop and
will compete for the role of floor price-setter in export markets
against EU and other rivals.
EU quality is still an unknown but some early pointers are
promising for millers
World stocks of wheat carried into 2015/16 continue to offer a
thick cushion against any crop weather problems in the months
ahead.
The further drop in wheat values back towards or, for some
farmers, below cost of production remains an issue that may
affect future sowing plans.
COARSE GRAINS
Will the US maize crop forecast be revised up if current ideal
growing weather continues? Either way, hefty stocks should
keep this market amply supplied in the season ahead.
Ukrainian maize output will likely fall this year but remain
large in comparison with the previous decade, maintaining

its role as a cheap exporter to markets including the EU. And
Russia has more maize than last year to export.
Along with ample maize supplies from Latin America, this
should maintain the more competitive global export market for
maize seen in recent years another restraint on price.
A forecast smaller EU maize crop this summer may need more
imports but there should be no lack of supplies at competitive
prices.
Competition for coarse grain custom will continued between
large maize, wheat and adequate barley supplies, again helping
to contain feed costs.
OILMEALS/PROTEINS
Huge soyabean crop surpluses across the Americas continue
to offer potential for cheaper global oilmeal costs as 2015
progresses, despite the downturn in alternative oilmeal supplies
from rapeseed and sunflowers .
Will lower costs and ample supplies of feed inputs encourage
more demand than expected for these products in countries
expanding their livestock production systems China, India,
Indonesia etc? Developed consumers like the USA may also
use more as high meat prices boost profitability. There is
plenty of room to meet bigger feed demand without tightening
supplies or raising prices.
Soya meal will continue raise its already dominant share of the
protein market, demanding price restraint across the sector.
Precise and accurate analysis

of incoming raw materials
ensures high feed quality.
AMINONIR - fast and reliable
amino acid predictions save time
and money
The right raw materials from the
right supplier for the right price
animal-nutrition@evonik.com
www.evonik.com/animal-nutrition
0228_15_az_AMINO_NIR_190x132mm.indd 1
August 2015 06.07.15

| 81
08:07
Industry events
2015
n 03 - 06 August
International Grain Quality and Food Security

Conference
Kansas, KS, USA
http://www.ksre.ksu.edu/news/story/food_
symposium042514.aspx
n 16 - 21 August
17th Annual Practical Short Course on Food Extrusion:

Cereals, Protein & Other Ingredients
College Station, TX, USA
http://foodprotein.tamu.edu/extrusion/
n 18 August
GLOBALG.A.P. TOUR 2015 - Chile

Puerto Varas, Chile
http://www.tour2015.org
n 09-11 September
#FutureFortified
Arusha, Tanzania
http://www.gainhealth.org
n 12 - 17 September
IBA 2015 International Trade Fair: World Market for

Baking
Munich, Germany
http://www.iba.de/
n 15- 18 September
SPACE 20
Rennes, France
http://www.space.fr
n 21-23 September
Livestock Asia 2015

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
http://www.livestockasia.com
n 08-10 October
ILDEX Indonesia 2015

Jakarta, Indonesia
http://www.vnuexhibitionsap.com/
n 27-29 October
Animal Farming Ukraine - Kiev

Kiev, Ukraime
http://en.animalfarming.com.ua
n 31 October - 03 November
26th Annual IAOM MEA Conference and Expo 2015

Dubai, UAE
http://www.iaom-mea.com
n 04-05 November
66th JTIC 2015
Paris, France
http://www.jtic.eu
n 17-19 November
Pneumatic Conveying of Bulk Solids - UK

Kent, United Kingdom
http://www.bulksolids.com
n 01-03 December
Food Ingredients Europe (Fi) & Natural Ingredients (Ni)

Paris, France
http://bit.ly/1c6GWmu
n 01-03 December
IFF Conference Hygienisation in the Food Chain

Paris, France
http://www.iff-braunschweig.de/index.php
n 04-08 April 2016
21st IAOM International Association of Operative Millers

Annual Conference & Expo
Renaissance Hotel and Cox Convention Center,
Oklahoma City, OK, USA
http://www.iaom.info/
New FIAAP/VICTAM/
GRAPAS event to be
organised in 2017
t the press conference on June 10th,

2015 during FIAAP/VICTAM/GRAPAS
International 2015 in Cologne, Mr Henk van
de Bunt, General Manager of Victam International
BV, announced that Victam will shortly be launching
a new venture.
In conjunction with some of their conference
organisers, Victam will organise a series of industry
conferences spread over two days at a venue near
Cologne in the early summer of 2017.
The typical delegate will be in the upper
management of feed mills, flour mills, grain
processors and biomass pelleting plants. Industry
executives will comprise CEOs, mill and plant
directors and managers, nutritionists, feed
formulators, etc.
The conference organisers will bring together
acknowledged industry experts to produce a program
of papers on each of the following subjects:
1. Animal feed ingredients and additives
2. Aqua feed ingredients and production
3. Biomass pelleting technology
4. Petfood ingredients and production
5. Flour milling and grain processing
6. Feed production technology
There will be an additional area where companies
will be able to have a small booth. An evening of
dinner and entertainment will be organised on the
first day for the conference delegates, the conference
speakers and exhibitors. A small admission fee will be
charged to the industry delegates to visit the exhibition
and a separate fee will be charged for the conferences.
www.victam.com
n 19-20 November
Farm 2 Fork
New Delhi, India
http://www.phdcci.in/
n 24-26 November
Agra Innovate Nigeria

Lagos, Nigeria
http://www.agra-innovate.com/nigeria/
online mobile
millingand
grain.com
Dont miss IAOM MEA Conference & Expo 2015!

Join us from Oct 31st to Nov 3rd in Dubai
Registration and full program on:

www.iaom-mea.com/IAOM-DUBAI
Keynote Speakers
Mark L Palmquist (BBUS)
Keith Chambers
MD & CEO, GrainCorp
Dorie Clark
Marketing Expert to the Fortune 100

Founder, The Chambers Group
Global Grain Trade Trends - The

Importance of the Supply Chain
Dr. William W. Wilson
Marketing Strategy Consultant & Speaker for Google,

Microsoft, Yale University & The World Bank,
CEO, Clark Strategic Communications
The Keys to Creating Brand Remarkability
University Professor, North Dakota State University

Managing Strategies and Price Risks for
Flour Milling Firms
Building Your Brand as a Leader
Feed Milling Technology and Trends
Buis Ebbinge
Dr. Roel Mulder
CEO & Managing Director, Daavision

Mid Chain Fatty Acids (MCFA)
Application and its benefits in
Agribusiness
Prof. John T. Brake, Ph.d., Pas
Secretary General, Worlds Poultry

Science Association
Director of Graduate & Certificate Programs,

North Carolina State University
Important Issues and Challenges in

Poultry Industry
Reduced Feed Cost & Improved

Performance with Altered Feed Particle Size
Dr. Ajay W Deoghare
Business Director, Bios AgriCorp Ltd.

Binder Technologies for Food and Feed
Dr. Michael Richard Bedford

Director of Research,
AB Vista Feed Ingredients
Phytases - Their Use and Differences

Between Sources
Check on the latest Flour Milling Technology and Trends
Dr. Lutz Popper
Head R & D, Muelenchemie
Vasilis Sotiroudas
General Manager, EcO2 and

AgroSpeCom
Reduction and Replacement of
Azodicarbonamide in Baking
Intelligent Fumigation in
Applications
Mills & Silos
Edouard Navarre
Pietro Barbalarga
Stephane Cochet
New Flour Evaluation

Test for Soft Products
Leonardo Rollermill
Anylab - New Method for Quick

Determination of Hagberg Value
Export Director MEA,

Eurogerm
Commercial Director
Grain Milling, Omas
Export Director,
Chopin Technologies
Cristian Torri
Area Manager, Ocrim
Dr. Anna Zhenchuk
Technical Marketing
Manager, BioAnalyt GmbH
MGA - Online Multifunction

A Tool to confidently Market
Grain Analyzer
Vitamin Enriched Flour
Whats happening in the markets?
Vince Peterson
Vice President of Overseas

Operations, US Wheat
Associates, Inc.
US Market Outlook
Hans Stoldt
Director, Ameropa SA
Black Sea Market Outlook
Jean-Benoit Gauthier
Indrek Aigro
Director, Trading & Sales,

CWB
Broker for Grains,

Copenhagen Merchants
Canadian Market Outlook
Baltic Sea Market Outlook
Dr. Ali Ghanbari
Deputy Minister, Chairman & CEO,

Government Trading Corporation
of Iran
Andrew Vroland
Jean-Pierre Langlois-
Australian Market Update
President of France Export

Crales
Director Marketing, Glencore

Grain B.V.
Iran Agri Trade Prospective
Berthelot
French Market Outlook
promilling
Simon Arnold
Managing Director, Quadra

Commodities SA
What This Means for the Miller
Industry events
Eat without worries:
Trends in ingredients at IBA

12-17 September 2015, Munich
eople are increasingly complaining about food

intolerances and allergies. In addition to that
which is necessary, personal desire to avoid
certain products e.g. animal products is also playing an
increasingly big role. Bakers and confectioners have
the unique requirement to react to their customers
wishes using their skills and an extensive product
range, explains Peter Becker, the President of the
International Union of Bakers and Confectioners (UIBC)
and the German Bakers Confederation. The bakers and
confectioners also have to respond to new nutrition trends
and diet waves. IBA provides them with solutions on how
to meet these needs.
Nutrition trends, an opportunity for the baking

industry
The European Commission listed 14 ingredients,

which has meant since that December 2014, bakers in
the European Union must inform their customers if used
in their products. This is because the number of allergic
persons or customers with food intolerances is increasing,
resulting in a corresponding demand for product
alternatives.
Peter Becker sees this dietary change as an opportunity
for the baking industry: Bakers must respond to this
demand and include corresponding offers in their product
range. For instance, instead of the conventional wheat
flour, different ingredients that do not contain gluten can
be used as substitutes for cereal. Currently trending is
the chia seed. The seed from South America has healthpromoting properties, makes dough processing easier and
presents a great potential for bakers. It is not only used
in refinement of bread and other bakery products, but can
also be processed as a substitute for wheat flour or eggs
and is therefore ideal for vegans and persons who are
allergic to gluten.
Recipe ideas and tips on the use of chia seeds will also
be offered by the company Chia bia (Hall B4, booth 553)
which will be participating at IBA for the very first time.
Together with the German baker, Martin Gnthner, the
company developed the first recipes for chia breads in
early 2014.
A Chiabia recipe contest has in the meantime yielded
close to 100 new recipes for bread, biscuits and bars, all
which are compiled in a brochure that will be available at
IBA. Visitors can also try out the various products from
PREVIEW
different bakeries at the exhibition booth. More tips on the
use of the trendy oilseed for bread and bakery products
will also be given by IREKS GmbH from Germany (Hall
B4, booth 330) and Original Chia from Denmark (Hall
B4, booth 154).
Martin Braun KG (Hall A4, booth 351) will, in addition
to innovative pastry recipes, present a new service for
trade visitors: the Infopoint Allergens. Using a touch
screen, interested persons can review details on the precise
composition and nutritional values and allergens e.g. of
our products in the LMIV portal. In addition, visitors
can also email themselves the current iba concepts and
pastry recipes directly from the Infopoint, says Susanne
Steinfort-Klass, Head of Communications of the Martin
Braun Group.
Vegan delicacies made very easy
According to estimates by the German Vegetarian

Union, more than ten percent of Germanys population is
vegetarian a figure which is steadily increasing. Reliable
global figures are not yet available, but statistics show
that more than one billion people around the globe do not
consume meat. The German Bakers Confederation sees
this meatless nutrition trend as a great opportunity for the
industry: Together with the Bundesakademie Weinheim,
the confederation advises about the importance of
producing vegan bakery products and snacks and provides
its members with comprehensive information material
an action that PETA, the animal rights group, recently
honoured with the 2015 Progress Award.

At IBA, bakers and confectioners will, among other
things, be given tips on how to adapt traditional recipes.
In the iba forum (hall B3), Bernd Siefert, Grand Ptissier
and newly elected World Confectionery Champion 2015
will on Wednesday 16th September at 11 am demonstrate
that neither milk, cream, butter nor eggs are required
for one to conjure delicious cakes and pies. The new
area SnackTrends in hall B3 is also dedicated to the
production of vegan snacks and other products. Snack
experts will, in numerous workshops, take the central
stage of the activity area with various presentations and
shows as well as give tips on how to successfully market
individual snack ideas.
The Austrian company, backaldrin (hall B2, booth
110, 111, 210, 310) has also taken the issue to heart.
backaldrin has come up with different vegan snack ideas
in cooperation with the TV chef and author Sebastian
Copien. These range from soy spread with all sorts of
berries to carrot quinoa salad. Basis of the snacks is
Vegipan, a yeast-free, vegan whole-meal bread which is
now also available as a bar. At iba, Sebastian Copien will
be serving bread-snacks and will also share tips on how
this can be integrated in ones own business.
IBA will be held from 12th to 17th September 2015 at
the Fairground Messe Mnchen. The grounds are open
from Saturday to Wednesday between 9:30 am and 6:00
pm, Thursday from 9:30 am to 5:00 pm.
www.iba.de
SOLIDS Dortmund 2015

Trade show for granules, powder & bulk solids technologies
04 05 Nov. 2015
Messe Westfalenhallen
Dortmund
In parallel with:
RECYCLING-TECHNIK
2015 Trade Show for recycling &
Free ticket exclusively for

Milling and Grain readers!
Register now
with code
4040 :
www.solids-dortmund.com
environmental technologies and urban mining

Premium partners:
August 2015 | 85
Industry events
Flexible solutions in response

to changing conditions in the
milling industry at IBA 2015
hree ingredient specialists from the Stern-Wywiol

Gruppe, including the ingredient specialists
Mhlenchemie, DeutscheBack and SternEnzym will
be presenting their latest solutions on a joint stand (Hall
B5, Stand 370) at the upcoming IBA 2015 to be held in
Munich from September 12-17, 2015.
The systems designed help manufacturers of baked goods
enhance their processes and products, increase profitability
and take up market trends with optimum results.
Besides drawing on the skills of the individual specialist
firms, users benefit from a network of cooperation between
the three companies within the group.
This cooperation makes it possible to develop customised
solutions all from one source. The services offered extend
from consultation and product development together with
the customer through applications trials to production of
the functional ingredients.
Mhlenchemie
This year, the flour treatment specialist Mhlenchemie

will present solutions that enable companies to respond to
changing conditions in the raw material markets.
One example is flour improvers based on different
enzyme systems that make it possible to adjust the falling
number of flours.
For bakers and millers, the falling number is the measure
of the flours natural enzymatic activity and is considered
to be a quality parameter. The falling number determines
the properties of the dough and the crumb and also the
impression of freshness created by the bread.
The addition of enzyme-based flour improvers enables
millers to compensate for fluctuations in the baking
properties of flours.
The product range includes current solutions such as
EMCEmalt, Betamalt 25 FBD, Alphamalt VC 5000
SN and Alphamalt FN which lower the falling number
according to the usage level. The company will also
explain the product series EMCEgluten Enhancer. The
enzyme compounds compensate for a low gluten content
of the flour and boost the effect of the existing gluten.
The weaker the gluten in the flour, or the smaller the
Livestock Asia 2015 Expands
sias International Feed, Livestock and Meat

Industry biennial show will return to Malaysia at
the Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre from 21
- 23 September, 2015. Recognised as the flagship event
of the other Asian Livestock series, Livestock Asia 2015
continuously provides on-going support to grow and
develop Malaysias livestock industries.
The event has developed an outstanding reputation
since 2001 as Asias leading event for the feed, livestock
and meat industries and received strong support from
the Department of Veterinary Services, the Ministry of
percentage present, the less satisfactory are the stability of

the dough and the baked volume.
EMCEgluten Enhancer counteracts such a loss of
quality and ensures better results from the baking process
without the addition of vital wheat gluten. These enzyme
compounds also compensate for deficiencies in the raw
materials and permit excellent results even when lowgluten wheat is used.
As a flour treatment specialist, Mhlenchemie offers different
enzyme systems to solve a host of problems that occur in
milling. Its products are exported to over 100 countries.
DeutscheBack
DeutscheBack will present its current range of solutions

that enable bakeries to meet the latest consumer trends
in a financially viable manner. TopBake Fresh XL2 1%
and TopBake Fresh XL3 1% keep bread fresh longer with
flours that tend to bake dry. The addition of 1% to 1.5% of
the enzyme compound results in a much softer and more
succulent crumb.
Whereas TopBake Fresh XL2 1% was developed for rye
and mixed wheat and rye bread, TopBake Fresh XL3 1% is
intended for wheat and mixed wheat bread.
A small dose is enough to achieve noticeable and longlasting results. TopSweet Black 50 is a fifty-percent baking
premix for brownies and muffins. The use of TopSweet
Black 50 results in baked goods with a very dark colour
and a distinctive flavour.
The typically American products are pleasantly soft and
succulent. TopBake 1-2-Korn is a spelt premix containing
einkorn (one-grained wheat) and emmer. It enables
bakeries to meet the demand for bread and rolls with a
slightly nutty taste. Einkorn is an ancient cereal, practically
unknown nowadays.
SternEnzym
SternEnzym will be showing tailor-made enzyme systems

designed to simplify processes and make the production of
baked goods more profitable.
Mulgazym DX improves the stability of the dough,
reduces stickiness and increases fermentation tolerance.
The enzyme complex can be used for all yeast-raised
products such as rolls, baguettes and sandwich loaves.
Mulgazym DX achieves attractive results even with weak
flours and complex processes such as retarded fermentation
or freezing.
Agriculture and Agro-Based Industries.

Feeding AECs Future, the 8th edition of Livestock
Asia show is expected to attract more than 7 000
trade visitors and delegates representing integrators,
veterinarians, livestock farmers, feedmillers,
wholesalers, retailers, food processors, importers and
distributors.
Uniquely, Livestock Asia 2015 will include face-to-face
networking which take a regional and whole value chain
approach to increasing the potential and competitiveness of
the feed, livestock and meat industries in Asian countries
to benefit not only domestic markets, but also to drive
export opportunities.
www.jtic.eu
International Milling and Cereal industries meeting
+ 110 international professionals

+ 2 000 attendees on 2 days
Workshops
Posters - Job Session
4 & 5 NOVEMBER 2015

PA R I S E V E N T C E N T E R - F R A N C E
INFORMATION & REGISTRATION ON WWW.JTIC.EU

4 M U LT I L I N G UA L C O N F E R E N C E S
Air cont r ol and t reat m ent
Milling and Bior ef ining
Q ualit y of wheat t his year
I nnovat ion in indust r ial baker y
Lyce
de l'alimentation
ENILIAENSMIC
JTIC
66 e
AEMIC - 51 rue de lEchiquier 75010 Paris - FRANCE

Tel : +33 (0)1 47 07 20 69 6 - Fax : +33 (0)1 44 24 56 25 / info@aemic.com / www.aemic.com
Aemic Paris |
@AemicFR #JTIC
INTERNATIONAL
www.jtic.eu
JEFO
+1 450 799 2000
www.jefo.com
Equipment for sale

ExtruTech Inc
To be included into the Market Place, please contact Tom Blacker

+44 1242 267700 - tomb@perendale.co.uk
+1 785 284 2153

www.extru-techinc.com
Analysis
Colour sorters
R-Biopharm
Bhler AG
+44 141 945 2924
+41 71 955 11 11
www.r-biopharm.com
www.buhlergroup.com
Romer Labs
Satake
+43 2272 6153310
+81 82 420 8560
www.romerlabs.com
Amino acids
Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH
www.satake-group.com
Computer software
Adifo NV
+49 618 1596785
+32 50 303 211
www.adifo.com
Bag closing
Cultura Technologies Ltd
Fischbein SA
+44 1257 231011
+32 2 555 11 70
www.culturatech.com
www.fischbein.com/eastern
Extruders
Almex
+31 575 572666
www.almex.nl
Andritz
+45 72 160300
www.andritz.com
Insta-Pro International
+1 515 254 1260
www.insta-pro.com
Wenger Manufacturing
+1 785-284-2133
www.wenger.com
Format International Ltd
Yemtar Feed Mill Machines
Cetec Industrie
+44 1483 726081
+90 266 733 85 50
+33 5 53 02 85 00
www.formatinternational.com
www.yemtar.com
www.cetec.net
Bakery improvers
Coolers & driers
Mhlenchemie GmbH & Co KG

+49 4102 202 001
www.muehlenchemie.de
Bin dischargers
Feed nutrition
Consergra s.l
Berg + Schmidt GmbH & Co. KG
+34 938 772207
+49 40 2840390
www.consergra.com
www.berg-schmidt.de
FrigorTec GmbH
Biomin
+49 7520 91482-0
+43 2782 8030
Denis
www.frigortec.com
www.biomin.net
+33 2 37 97 66 11
Geelen Counterflow
Delacon
www.denis.fr
+31 475 592315
+43 732 6405310
Morillon
www.geelencounterflow.com
www.delacon.com
+33 2 41 56 50 14
Famsun (Muyang)
DSM
www.morillonsystems.com
+86 514 87848880
Bulk storage
www.muyang.com
Bentall Rowlands
Suncue Company Ltd
+44 1724 282828
sales@suncue.com
www.bentallrowlands.com
www.suncue.com
Chief Industries UK Ltd

+44 1621 868944
Elevator buckets
www.chief.co.uk
Croston Engineering
+44 1829 741119
www.croston-engineering.co.uk
+41 61 815 7777

www.dsm.com
Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH
+49 618 1596785
JEFO
+1 450 799 2000
STIF
www.jefo.com
+33 2 41 72 16 80
Kemin Industries Inc
www.stifnet.com
+1 800 752 2864
Tapco Inc
www.kemin.com
+1 314 739 9191
Novus
Silo Construction Engineers
www.tapcoinc.com
+1 314 576 8886
+32 51723128
VAV
www.novusint.com
www.sce.be
+31 71 4023701
Sibelco Europe
Silos Cordoba
www.vav.nl
+ 44 1270 752 700
+34 957 325 165
www.siloscordoba.com
+90 266 733 85 50
TSC Silos
www.yemtar.com
+31 543 473979

www.tsc-silos.com
Elevator & Conveyor Components

4B Braime
Westeel
+44 113 246 1800
+1 204 233 7133
www.go4b.com
www.westeel.com
Lampton Conveyer
Certification
+1 519 627 8228

GMP+ International
+31703074120
www.gmpplus.org
Feed milling
Nawrocki Pelleting Technology
+48 52 303 40 20
www.granulatory.com/en
Ottevanger
+31 79 593 22 21
www.ottevanger.com
Wynveen
+31 26 47 90 699
Enzymes
AB Vista
www.sibelco.co.uk
www.wynveen.com
+44 1672 517 650
Van Aarsen International
www.abvista.com
+31 475 579 444

www.aarsen.com
Pelleting aids
FineTek Co., Ltd
+90 266 733 85 50
+886 2226 96789
Borregaard LignoTech
www.yemtar.com
www.fine-tek.com
+47 69 11 80 00
Loading/un-loading equipment
Flour
Neuero Industrietechnik
Rank Hovis
+44 1494 428000
www.rankhovis.com
Grain handling systems

AB
+46 42 85802
Pest control
+49 5422 95030
Rentokil Pest Control
www.neuero.de
+44 0800 917 1987
Vigan Engineering
www.rentokil.co.uk
+32 67 89 50 41
Cargotec Sweden Bulk Handling
www.lignotechfeed.com
www.vigan.com
Pipe systems
Jacob Sohne
Mill design & installation

Alapala
www.cargotec.com
+90 212 465 60 40
Cimbria A/S
www.alapala.com
+45 96 17 90 00
Bhler AG
www.cimbria.com
+49 571 9580

www.jacob-pipesystems.eu
Used around
all industrial
Process
control
sectors.
DSL Systems Ltd
Fr. Jacob Shne GmbH & Co. KG, Germany

Tel. + 49 (0) 571 95580 | www. jacob-pipesystems.eu
Visit us! www.pipe-systems.eu+44
+41 71 955 11 11
www.buhlergroup.com
+90 266 733 85 50

+48 52 303 40 20
Golfetto Sangati
www.yemtar.com
115 9813700
www.dsl-systems.com
+39 0422 476 700
www.golfettosangati.com
Suffolk Automation
Alapala
Gazel Degirmen Makinalari
+44 1473 829188
+90 212 465 60 40
+90 364 2549630
www.alapala.com
www.gazelmakina.com
Bhler AG
IMAS - Milleral
International Aquafeed
+41 71 955 11 11
+90 332 2390141
+44 1242 267706
www.buhlergroup.com
www.milleral.com
www.aquafeed.co.uk
Hammermills
Publications
International Milling Directory
Dinnissen BV
+31 77 467 3555
+48 52 303 40 20
www.dinnissen.nl
+44 1242 267703

www.internationalmilling.com
Milling and Grain
Oryem
Genc Degirmen
+44 1242 267707
+90 332 239 1314
+90 332 444 0894
www.oryem.com.tr
www.gencdegirmen.com.tr
www.millingandgrain.com
Rolls
Satake
Van Aarsen International
Leonhard Breitenbach
+81 82 420 8560
+31 475 579 444
+49 271 3758 0
www.satake-group.com
www.aarsen.com
www.suffolk-automation.co.uk
www.breitenbach.de
NIR systems
O&J Hjtryk
+90 266 733 85 50
NIR Online
+45 7514 2255
www.yemtar.com
+49 6227 732668
www.oj-hojtryk.dk
www.nir-online.de
Zheng Chang
Thermo Fisher Scientific
+86 21 64188282
www.bastak.com.tr
Unormak
Cetec Industrie
+90 332 2391016
+33 5 53 02 85 00
www.unormak.com.tr
www.cetec.net
Brabender
+49 203 7788 0
www.brabender.com
+90 (364) 235 00 26
+43 1 79013 4917
www.ugurmakina.com
Palletisers
Safety equipment
Rembe
+33 5 53 02 85 00
+44 1483 468900
Ehcolo A/S
www.binmaster.com
www.balaguer-rolls.com
Cetec Industrie
www.cetec.net
+1 402 434 9102
+34 965564075
www.petermarsh.co.uk
Hydronix
BinMaster Level Controls
Fundiciones Balaguer, S.A.
+44 151 9221971
www.chopin.fr
Level measurement
Roll fluting
Peter Marsh Group
+33 14 1475045
www.hydronix.com
Ugur Makina
Mondi Group
www.mondigroup.com
CHOPIN Technologies
www.doescher.com
www.alapala.com
Packaging
+90 312 395 67 87
+49 4087976770
+90 212 465 60 40
www.thermoscientific.com
Bastak
Doescher & Doescher GmbH
Alapala
+1 9786 421132
www.zhengchang.com
Laboratory equipment
Roller mills
+45 75 398411
www.ehcolo.com
PAYPER, S.A.
+34 973 21 60 40
www.payper.com
+49 2961 740 50

www.rembe.com
Sifters
Filip GmbH
+49 5241 29330
www.filip-gmbh.com
Symaga
nabim
+90 332 444 0894
+34 91 726 43 04
+44 2074 932521
www.gencdegirmen.com.tr
www.symaga.com
www.nabim.org.uk
Genc Degirmen
Silos
Ocrim
Tornum AB
Alapala
+46 512 29100
+90 212 465 60 40
www.tornum.com
www.alapala.com
Westeel
+39 0372 4011

www.ocrim.com
Valves
Bentall Rowlands
+1 204 233 7133
+1 785 825 7177
+44 1724 282828
www.westeel.com
vortex@vortexvalves.com
www.bentallrowlands.com
www.vortexvalves.com
Temperature monitoring
Chief Industries UK Ltd
Rota Val Ltd
Agromatic
+44 1621 868944
+44 1249 651138
+41 55 2562100
www.chief.co.uk
www.agromatic.com
Global Industries, Incorporated
Dol Sensors
+1 308 384 9320

www.globalindinc.com
www.rotaval.co.uk
Vibratory equipment
+45 721 755 55
Mogensen
www.dol-sensors.com
Handling
+1 519 627 8228
www.mogensen.co.uk
Bhler AG
Vibrafloor
+41 71 955 11 11
MYSILO
+33 3 85 44 06 78
www.buhlergroup.com
+90 382 266 2245
IAOM
www.mysilo.com
+1 913 338 3377
Obial
www.vibrafloor.com
Weighing equipment
www.iaom.info
Parkerfarm Weighing Systems
IFF
www.parkerfarm.com
+44 1246 456729
+90 382 2662120

www.obial.com.tr
+495307 92220
Silo Construction Engineers
www.iff-braunschweig.de
+32 51723128
Yeast products
Leiber GmbH
Kansas State University
www.sce.be
+49 5461 93030
+1 785 532 6161
www.leibergmbh.de
www.grains.k-state.edu
Silos Cordoba
Materials
+44 1476 566301
Training
Lampton Conveyer
Raw
+34 957 325 165

www.siloscordoba.com
India
the worlds second

largest market
SESSION 1
de
Hy
19
rabad Ind
ia
-20
15
August 20
SESSION 3
Trends in flour miling industry
Value of quality for sustainability
Trend and Developments in Feed milling
Procurement and Storage issues
Innovation for quality production of

milled products for India
Quality and sustainability with

upgrading mills
Modern Flour Milling
19-20 August 2015
Hyderabad, India
SESSION 2
SESSION 4
Food and Feed for Globe

Feeding 9 billion by 2050
The way ahead Adopting quality

control programs & regulations
Global Outlook
Food Safety and Regulatory

Regime
Challenges to feed the masses

Challenges to secure nutrition
security
Organised by:
www.assocom-india.com/gmc
The worlds premier Directory for the feed, our, rice milling and grain handling industry is about to publish its 24th print edition
DONT MISS OUT!

Join over 1,200 companies globally that already benet from the visibility that the International Milling Directory provides
REGISTER FOR FREE

www.internationalmilling.com
- a basic listing, that will appear in our print edition

is completely free - visit our website for more details
YOUR GLOBAL DIRECTORY

The International Milling Directory 2014/15
FEED
GRAIN
STORAGE
HANDLING
M lling
International
Directory
23
Edition
Edition 23
2014/15
Get the
IMD on
your smart
phone
international
milling
.com
A-Z / PRODUCTS / SERVICES / EQUIPMENT

1.FC_23.indd 1
M lling
International
Directory
23
Edition
Edition 23
T: +44 1242 267703 / F: +44 1242 267701 / enquiries@internationalmilling.com
The International Milling Directory 2014/15
ONLINE | PRINT | MOBILE
03/12/2014 12:28
2014/15
Get the
IMD on
your smart
phone
international
milling
.com
1.FC_23.indd 1
03/12/2014 12:28
the interview
Grkem Alapala
Gorkem Alapala was born in 1981, in Corum, Turkey. He is the Chief Strategy officer and Vice chairman of
Alapala Group. After completing his university degrees in the USA, he has been active in family businesses
with the vision to be one of the most outstanding organizations in milling technology industry.
Alapala is currently investing in 2 new manufacturing facilities for flour and feed milling and a new R&D
Center. Alapala recently awarded the prestigious Grapas award for innovation for their Similago 2 roller mill
at the recent Victam International event held in Cologne, Germany.
Can you tell us a little bit about the origins of the

Alapala group?
Alapalas founder, Mehmet Alapala started his working life in

the late 1930s at a very young age with his father Abdullah
Alapala by building wooden construction parts. Years later,
he founded his own carpenters manufacturing business.
Mehmet Alapala was actively involved in construction
of Hatap Flour Mill built in orum in 1961 by a British
manufacturer.
That experience started a new era for both Mehmet Alapala
and generations to come. Milling machines were being
made out of wood during those years. Mehmet Alapala
started manufacturing plansifters to be used in flour mills
thanks to his experience gained during such works. He
commenced selling sifters to all factories in Turkey very soon
after. He gave much importance to quality and worked
meticulously. At the time, he was the only person who carried
out this business in Turkey. He laid the foundations of Alapala,
succeededing in becoming one of the top companies in its
sector.
Mehmet Alapala later, together with his sons Nurettin and
smail Alapala, started manufacturing all machinery for
flour mills and turn-key mills. He started Alapala Feed Mill in
1982 and Alapala Flour Mill in 1984, laying the foundations for
Alapala Group.
In 1981, Alapala made its first export and in 1989 Alapala
made its first turn-key flour installations abroad in Jordan
and Italy. Today Alapala Machinery supplies turnkey flour,
semolina, maize and feed plant food storage systems in
every capacity and industrial steel construction buildings, has
turnkey references in over 85 different countries and offices in
more than 30 different countries.
How was the Victam International event for Alapala

and what did the company find useful?
For Alapala it was good to see more exhibitors and

attendance to Victam from the flour milling sector as Victam
is an exhibition which is mainly associated with the animal
feed, aqua feed and pet food production. As we are
now increasing our manufacturing facilities, we also plan
to increase our feed milling range of machinery and by
meeting the feed millers it has given us a better insight to the
market requirements. I would like to thank the organisers and
all those who were involved for a well organised exhibition.
How important are international shows to Alapalas

marketing strategy?
International shows and exhibitions, for Alapala are vital

for our sales and marketing strategy as this gives us an
interaction with our existing and future customers. They allow
us to exhibit new products, services and machinery, which
we can physically speak about while demonstrating. They
also give us a deep insight into what the market trends are,
the competition and their products.
What does it mean to Alapala to win the GRAPAS

award, a prestigious innovation prize?
Winning this award is a great honour for Alapala and

we thank everyone involved in bestowing this honour to
us. By winning this award it has shown to the industry the
capabilities of Alapala and how it is innovative. We know
that the Similago II, with its advanced engineering, will be
a very successful roller mill, which will perform efficiently for
many years to come
Does Alapala have any new innovations on the

horizon?
With our new Research and Development facilities we

have completely new innovations that are currently in
the prototype stage. Mainly they will be in the cleaning
and milling sections of the mill. As you well understand, I
cannot reveal any further information at this stage. Side
by side, we are always updating our machines with new
suitable technologies when they are available. We are also
upgrading our manufacturing facilities with new innovative
manufacturing processes and machinery.
Your father was at the helm of a prestigious family

heritage, what have you learnt from your father, and
what do you hope to bring to the business going
forwards?
What I learned from my father is that our reputation, the

Alapala name, is the most important asset we have and it is
the way we treat our suppliers, employees, and clients that
matters. My father developed relationships with his clients
and built a reputation for being a good engineer who can
be trusted for offering the high quality with good value. I
work with the same principles, which I learned from my father
and grandfather.
What is Alapalas philosophy and mission statement?

Do you have your own ethos?
In short, a passion and dedication to the grain milling

industry. A company owner once said, A company
succeeds not because how long it is established or how big
it is. It is because there are men and women in it who live it,
sleep it, dream it, and build great future plans for it. This sums
up our commitment to be firstly, a solution provider to our
clients, second, to manufacture high quality with advanced
technology and the most important after sales service with
parts back up.
PEOPLE THE INDUSTRY FACES

Delacon appoints Mohamed Taleb as
Sales Manager Middle East
r Mohamed Taleb has joined Delacon as Sales Manager Middle East. Located in Cairo,
Egypt, he will be responsible for sales in Egypt and the Gulf region and reports directly to
Bernard Paumelle (Area Sales Manager Italy, Middle East, Africa).
Dr Mohamed Taleb has sound experience in health and nutrition management in poultry
and large animals. Furthermore, his knowledge about the Middle Eastern area will help Delacon
to establish phytogenics as the reliable alternative to antibiotic growth promoters, says Bernard
Paumelle, Delacons Area Sales Manager Italy, Middle East, Africa.
Mohamed Taleb
The Middle Eastern poultry and large animals market is growing steadily and shows huge potential. Antibiotic growth
promoters have been banned in some Middle Eastern countries and are imminent to be banned in the rest of the Middle
Eastern countries. Most customers are aware of this situation and demand phytogenic feed additives, explains Dr Taleb.
Before joining Delacon, Dr Taleb served as Marketing Manager for Gozl Trading in Saudi Arabia. Prior to that, he worked as
a Product Manager at Delacons Egyptian distributor IFT, at whom he was responsible for the product launch of Biostrong on
the Egyptian market. Dr Taleb holds a doctors degree in Veterinary Medicine (DVM) from Cairo University.
Joerg Seifert appointed new FEFANA Secretary General
oerg Seifert has been appointed as the new EU Association of Specialty Feed Ingredients and
their mixtures (FEFANA) Secretary General
Mr Seifert is of German nationality and holds university degrees in food technology and
in business administration. He has gained major professional experience through working at
technical director level with the trade association representing the global dairy sector and partnering
with many other livestock sectors since 1998.
Joerg Seifert
He succeeds Didier Jans who has left the association earlier in April after fifteen years. Dorothea
Schiemann who has been serving the association as ad interim Secretary General in the meantime
will ensure a smooth handover.
In the words of FEFANA President, Marco Bruni: Joerg is fully motivated to lead the association through forthcoming
changes to build a stronger FEFANA effectively addressing our industrys challenges of today and of the future.
Joerg Seifert strongly believes that the European Specialty Feed Ingredients industry has a vital role to play in the feed and
food chain for achieving sustainable food security and that FEFANA is the only organisation that can defend an appropriate
policy and regulatory framework in the EU to secure product innovation and growth of the industry.
Biorigin appoints new sales manager for the

animal nutrition sector in North America
Bruno Mazzer de
Oliveira Ramos
iorigin has a new technical sales manager in North America, Bruno Mazzer de Oliveira Ramos.
Ramos has a degree in Veterinary Medicine by the State University of Londrina, Brazil, and a
PhD in Ruminant Nutrition by the same university.
Working as a consultant, Mr Ramos has more than 13 years of experience in the market, with
the last six years as technical and product manager of an important animal nutrition company.
At Biorigin, he will be Technical Sales Manager in North America for products of all animal species.
According to the Global Feed Business Manager, Roberto Vituzzo:
the goal of Biorigin Animal Nutrition is to expand our market in North America, and Bruno Ramos will be essential for
this process, considering his experience and technical knowledge on this market. We have been competitive in North America
and we expect to double our sales until mid-2016 by increasing the sales to our current customers and obtaining new clients.
We will expand our presence and focus in that region to further enhance our service to our customers, as well as explore new
business opportunities in the US and Canadian markers, where there are huge possibilities for application of our products.
Erica Oakley joins US Wheat Associates as programs manager
S Wheat Associates (USWA) welcomes Erica Oakley to its Arlington, VA, headquarters office
staff as programs manager effective July 6, 2015. In that position, Oakley will help implement
export market development activities planned and managed by USWAs domestic staff,
including consulting assignments, board team trips and assistance with customer conferences.
She will report to the director of programs and planning, Jennifer Sydney.
Erica Oakley
We are pleased to have Erica join us in an important position, Ms Sydney says. Her experience
and interest in international food marketing and assistance is exceptional.
Ms Oakley joins USWA after serving as an associate at Humanitas Global, Washington, DC,
since 2012. There she managed programs in food and nutrition security, food sustainability, agriculture and public-private
partnership development. Members and funders of this non-governmental organisation include the World Food Prize, the Food
and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations and the World Health Organisation.
A native of North Carolina, Ms Oakley earned a bachelors degree in International Studies at Meredith College, Raleigh,
NC, and a masters degree in International Relations from Utrecht University in The Netherlands.
Bagging station Maia consistent

and efficient bagging.
The Bhler Maia bagging station stands for a fully automated bagging process for powdered, free-flowing and friable
products. Aligned process steps result in a constant filling accuracy and a high bagging capacity. Not only top sanitation but
also a unique design complete this new bagging unit. The outcome is compelling: an unparalleled operational reliability for
clean bagging, designed for bags with a capacity of 20 to 65 liters. Maia consistency and efficiency at the highest level.
www.buhlergroup.com/milling
Maia bagging station.

Consistent and efficient
bagging.
Flexible in use
For powdered, free-flowing and friable
products.
Top sanitation
A dustproof bag spout with a built-in
aspiration provides clean bagging.
Unique operational reliability
Ensures high efficiency and low
operating costs.
Innovations for a better world.

Milling and Grain August 2015 - FULL EDITION

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Milling and Grain August 2015 - FULL EDITION

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

August 2015

YOUR GLOBAL PARTNER

The Chief Advantage...

One-stop solutions with

with a peak capacity of over one million bushels!

P.O. BOX 848 KEARNEY, NE 68848 USA

COVER PICTURE: It was a privilege for Milling and Grain

Perendale Publishers Ltd

52 Feedmill of the future

Our special feature on the feedmill of the

Grain & Feed Milling

34 Why Indias agri-food

44 Preventing bread waste

94 People news from the

82 Event listings, reviews

52 Feedmill of the future

66 Are ATEX powder storage

27 IGP institute feed

Innovation and Stewardship

Communication of innovation and the

In the UK the past month or so farmers have

At the same time wheat variety selection for

Within BASF Plc, our strategy is based on

particularly rewarding to be able

BASF is fortunate to collaborate with two

Profitable crops are key but are grown alongside

Developed with independent third-party experts

Graham Hartwell Environmental Stewardship

Meet the Milling and Grain team

16-21August - 17th Annual Practical

Annual Subscription Rates

ISSN No: 2058-5101

40 YEARS OF TESTED STRENGTH

One Tapco Nylon Elevator Bucket

TAPCOS CC-XD (Xtreme Duty) gray nylon

TAPCOS CC-XD (Xtreme Duty)

TAPCOS CC-HD (Heavy Duty)

314.739.9191 / St. Louis, Missouri USA

Feedmill of the future

European feed statistics

Europe produced 224.6 million

841 000 - the total amount of

Indias pulses sector: trends,

The Global Miller blog is an

From Quern to Computer

8 | Milling and Grain

Connecting modern milling developments with

Humans have used milling methods over thousands of

The worlds first roller flour mill

For milling firms, the project

risk of being lost

Post mill Diderot

Great Barton Post Mill

More than Pleased, 1908

Our website at millsarchive.org has a large global

The past shapes the future

In its essence, this is what an archive is really all about.

The Cornwell Roller Flour Mill Collection

Milling & Grains own history needs telling

This timeline will be freely available to explore and will

Our project needs you

To make our project a success, we need you. We will

Extensive line of high quality,

From large port and commercial