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Bollards

& Mooring Systems

A EUROTECH BENELUX
COMPANY

The QuayQuip approach


QuayQuip is the specialist mooring division
of Eurotech Benelux BV. It designs, makes and
commissions engineered solutions for a vast range
of marine and port construction applications. Every
project makes full use of our collective expertise
with steel, rubber and engineered plastics.
QuayQuip uses the extensive resources available
within the group, its sister businesses and other
technical partners. The group enjoys access to over
fifty engineers and specialists in disciplines which
include:

Fender design and applications engineering


Mooring systems design
Shiploader and bulk materials handling technology
Structural analysis including advanced FEA
Steel fabrication, casting and forging production
Materials experts
QA/QC inspection and management systems
Third party external design checks

Projects undertaken by QuayQuip are professionally


designed and managed. Customer satisfaction is
our first priority and we live up to our hard-earned
reputation for delivery quality, technology and value
for money all backed by extended warranties.

More about QuayQuip


If you want to know more about QuayQuips other product ranges, or read our latest news, please visit our website
at www.quayquip.com. After registering you can download catalogues, product guides, our corporate brochure and
useful utilities.

Fenders

A EUROTECH
BENELUX COMPANY

Floating
Structures

A EUROTECH
BENELUX COMPANY

Engineering
the Future

A EUROTECH
BENELUX COMPANY

English A4 Metric v2.2f

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

Introduction

The QuayQuip Range


Stronger Anchors
Load Fuse Bollards

Introduction

Bollards

Bollards

Mooring and
Shiphauling

Mooring Travellers
Shiphauling Systems

Mooring and Shiphauling

Materials and
Testing

Bollard Materials
Coatings
Factors of Safety
Bollard Requirements

Materials and Testing

Technical

Choosing Bollards
Line Angles
Environmental Factors
Design Codes

Technical

Tools

Questionnaire
Conversion Factors
Calculation Sheet
Notes Page

Tools

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

Tricorn (ETG)
T-Head
K-Head
T-Horn
Pin, Recessed and Legacy types

The QuayQuip Range


QuayQuips bollard range has developed over
the last 25 years into a comprehensive choice
of standard and custom units to suit every
application in newly built berths or upgrades.
All QuayQuip bollards incorporate the high
quality materials, rigorous testing and inspection
needed for safe, reliable mooring. Cast steel is
the most popular material and comes with the
option of Charpy testing for low temperature
down to 40C. QuayQuip bollards are also
available in nodular (spheroidal graphite) or
regular cast iron where this is still preferred.
Tricorn bollards optionally include QuayQuips
unique load fuse (LF) technology a connection
between the bollards trunk and base that
limits accidental overloads and protects
the berth from structural damage.

Tricorn
3002500

T-Head
1503000

T-Horn
1503000

K-Head
1502000

Cast Steel (EN/ASTM/AS)

Low Temperature (20C)

Low Temperature (40C)

Load Fuse Base Plates

Nodular (SG) Cast Iron

Capacity Range (kN)

Cast Iron
Vertical Line Angles

~70

Limited (~45)

Limited (~45)

Limited (~45)

Horizontal Line Angles

~90

~90

~90

~90

Surface Mountable

Flush Mountable

Customised Base Plates

Existing Anchor Retrofits

Standard

Optional

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

Stronger Anchors
QuayQuip ensure that every
bollard anchor that we
supply is right for the job.
Undersized anchor plates, or
simple welded-on plates or
nuts, concentrate loads and
can cause compressive failure
in the surrounding concrete
structure potentially leading
to structural damage and the
bollard being pulled free or
entirely out.

Compressive
failure in
concrete

Bollards

The large base plate distributes bolt


tensile loads into the concrete.

Nut-only anchors concentrate loads


locally, causing compressive failure.

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

Traditional bollard

Consistent maximum
load (10%)
Optional baseplate designs for
custom or upgraded installations

Maximum load 50% increases


construction costs.
Custom baseplates are usually
harder to achieve due to the onepiece design.

Tools

The bollards base plate


and head are joined by a
load fuse (safety) weld,
carefully calibrated to fail
above a certain load. By
contrast the explosive
overload failure of ductile
and cast iron bollards can
be dangerous for people,
structures and vessels.

Bollard with load fuse

Technical

A load fuse helps protect


structures against overload.
Traditionally bollards
have been installed using
break-off bolts, which
will fail above a certain
load. Because it is difficult
to predict exactly how
groups of fuse bolts will
fail, QuayQuip offers new
designs of bollard with
single, integral load fuses.

Materials and Testing

Load Fuse Bollards

Mooring and Shiphauling

QuayQuips carefully
calculated designs use wide,
thick anchor plates to safely
distribute bollard loads into
the surrounding concrete
structure, as called for by
the applicable standards.

Densolen
wrapping
ensures bolt
pretensioning

Small plate or nut-only

Introduction

QuayQuip anchor plate

Tricorn Bollards
Ideal for any mooring, QuayQuips unique, triplelobed Tricorn Bollard (sometimes called an ETG
Bollard) provides more holding power than any
other bollard in its class, even on line angles up to
70. Its generous trunk diameter reduces mooring
line stresses. Integrated load fuses and capacities
up to 2500kN are available.

Load fuse (safety weld) option


High holding power
Low temperature materials option
Standard or custom baseplates
No anchor stresses
Very high vertical line angles

Capacity

Bolts

300kN

410

200

140

380

200

50

4M30

55

300

500

130

30

500kN

480

235

175

390

270

60

4M36

55

370

600

160

35

600kN

480

235

175

390

270

60

4M36

55

370

600

150

35

800kN

750

365

250

530

350

70

4M48

85

580

650

170

50

1000kN

750

365

250

530

350

70

4M48

85

580

750

190

50

1250kN

750

365

250

540

350

80

4M56

85

580

850

220

50

1500kN

750

365

250

550

350

90

4M60

85

580

950

240

60

1750kN

800

450

325

575

500

90

4M60

95

610

950

250

60

2000kN

800

450

325

585

500

100

4M68

95

610

1050

320

60

2500kN

800

450

325

595

500

110

4M68

95

610

1250

320

70

All dimensions are in mm. Angles are in degrees. Please ask QuayQuip for a certified drawing with anchor details.
Large diameter trunks are used for extra low mooring line stresses.
Anchor lengths are based on concrete quality C30/37.
E

Standard
A
d

A
B

Optional baseplates
D

t
S

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

T-Head Bollards
Introduction

The QuayQuip T-Head Bollard can handle


line angles up to 45. Bollard capacities of up
to 2000kN are available.
High capacity
Standard or custom baseplates
Ideal for multipurpose berths

Bollards

Capacity W

Bolts

150kN 410 335

340

200

160

40

5M24

50

310

80

30

60

500 100

25

300kN 450 375

350

295

180

40

5M30

50

350

100

30

60

500 110

30

500kN 640 540

500

415

230

50

5M36

70

500

150

30

60

500 110

30

800kN 740

610

535

460

250

70

6M42

70

580

165

15

50

25

800 150

30

1000kN 790 640

600

510

270

80

7M42

70

650

175

10

40

40

800 150

30

1500kN 900 750

700

550

270

90

7M48

100

700

200

10

40

40

1000 150

40

2000kN 1000 850

800

620

320

90

8M56

125

750

225

36

36

18

1000 180

50

Materials and Testing

Mooring and Shiphauling

All dimensions are in mm. Angles are in degrees. Please ask QuayQuip for a certified drawing with anchor details.
Anchor lengths are based on concrete quality C30/37.

5 bolts

D
A

6 bolts
A

A
C

Technical

A
C

2
2

T
W

7 bolts
A

Tools

2
t

A
A

8 bolts

A
C
D

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

T-Horn Bollards
T-Horn Bollards accept multiple mooring
lines from one or two vessels without
interference, even at steep line angles.
Lines from more than one vessel
General purpose applications
Steeper line angles than many types

Capacity W

335

400

410

280

40 5M24 50

310

80

30

60

500 100

25

300kN 480 405

440 450 300

40 5M30 65

350

100

30

60

500

110

30

500kN 640 540

565

550

350

50 5M36 70

500

150

30

60

500

110

30

800kN 650 560

660 590

365

70 6M42 75

500

160

15

45

30

800

150

30

1000kN 800 650

750

650 400

80 7M42 75

650

175

10

40

40

800

150

30

1500kN 920

770

850

675

425

90 7M48 110

700

200

10

40

40

1000

150

40

2000kN 1000

850

913

800 485

90 8M56 125

750

225

35

35

20

1000

180

50

150kN

410

Bolts

All dimensions are in mm. Angles are in degrees. Please ask QuayQuip for a certified drawing with anchor details.
Anchor lengths are based on concrete quality C30/37.

5 bolts
A

6 bolts

A
C
H

A
C

1
G

2
2

7 bolts

W
A

A
C

L
D

2
t

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

K-Head Bollards
Introduction

QuayQuip K-Head Bollards are a popular,


economical choice for applications with a
single mooring line per bollard and with
lower ranges of vertical line angle than
Tricorn Bollards.
Suitable for general applications
Best at shallow line angles
Ideal for warping

Bollards

Bolts

150kN

320

320

320

300

230

40

4M24

50

220

500

100

25

300kN

360

360

360

320

250

40

4M30

50

260

500

110

30

500kN

540

540

500

370

280

50

4M36

70

400

500

110

30

800kN

560

460

530

400

280

70

5M42

70

210

320

800

150

30

1000kN

590

490

570

420

300

70

7M42

70

225

175

800

150

30

1500kN

760

660

750

485

330

80

7M48

80

300

250

1000

150

40

2000kN

1000

850

950

525

350

90

7M56

125

375

300

1000

180

50

All dimensions are in mm. Please ask QuayQuip for a certified drawing with anchor details.
Anchor lengths are based on concrete quality C30/37.

Materials and Testing

Mooring and Shiphauling

Capacity

4 bolts
B

Technical

A
H G

A
B

A
W

5 bolts
A
A

C
t

A
C

Tools

7 bolts

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

Recessed and Pin Bollards


Recessed and Pin type bollards are used for flush fitting,
avoiding protrusions and hull damage. Applications include
locks and waterways where bollards are placed at single
or multiple levels for vessels to moor without help from
shore-based crew.
Modern and classic styles are available, with capacities from
40kN right up to 600kN. There are options for integral or
separate anchorages, and replaceable or permanent mooring
pins. Profiles units are made to suit all standard sheet pile
sections. Custom designs and replacements for obsolete
patterns are also available.

Legacy Types
Some regions and operators still prefer
traditional multiple, high-profile or cleat
bollard designs. QuayQuip recommends
specifying more modern designs that offer a
higher performance per weight, and present
less risk of operator injury from lifting heavy
lines over tall bollards.
When legacy bollard designs are essential,
QuayQuip can offer state-of-the-art materials
and coatings to minimise maintenance and
extend service life.

10

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

Mooring Travellers

Bollards

Hardened cast steel rails and other parts are


highly durable: minimum service lives are
typically 50 years. The bollard sits above a
buoyant, wheeled bogie, guaranteeing that it
always presents at a safe and convenient level
for crew. Faster transits benefit lock and barge
operators alike and save costs.

Introduction

QuayQuips Mooring Travellers allow


for water level changes by replacing
conventional moorings with units that
rise and fall with the vessel, even with
tensioned mooring lines.

Modular rails can be provided to any height.


Bollard capacities range from 100500kN.
Capacity and height above water will depend
on the unique characteristics of each berth
please ask QuayQuip about your requirements.

QuayQuip design and build a range


of winches and capstans for warping
and hauling vessels along berths.

Technical

Winches can be deployed at


each end of the berth with a rail
and carriage system which acts
as a mule to haul the vessel in
either direction. The winches can
incorporate a Leadscrew Levelwind
System for even spooling of the
cable onto the drum.

Materials and Testing

Shiphauling Systems

Mooring and
Shiphauling

Typical applications include locks, waterways,


high tidal range berths, and fast ferry berths.

Control options include simple


foot switches or a dock-mounted
consoles or handheld remote
controls.

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

Tools

Capstans are often installed on


docks for hauling in messenger lines,
and can also be used to haul small
vessels over short distances.

11

Bollard Materials
Cast Steel vs Cast and Ductile Cast Iron
Before cast steel was readily available, bollards were made
in different grades of cast or ductile cast iron. Most modern
ports now recognise the great benefits of cast steel but it is
important to understand the differences between the materials
to appreciate the benefits and advantages of cast steel
compared to any grade of cast or ductile cast iron. The main
characteristics and benefits of cast steel, cast iron and ductile
(SG) iron and grey iron, are defined below to help designers and
specifiers of bollards make informed choices.

Common Bollard Materials

Stress

Typical material properties of cast steel and cast and ductile


cast iron are given in the table. These assume high grade raw
materials, proper manufacturing processes, heat treatment
where applicable and effective quality management.
QuayQuip are leaders in high performance castings for safety
critical applications. Our skilled staff employ the best raw
materials and strictest process controls.

Typical Properties*
Cast Steel EN-10293

Cast Steel ASTM A27


Cast Steel A148

Grade

SG cast iron

grey cast iron

Strain

Yield

Tensile

Elongation

Charpy

(MPa)

(ksi)

(MPa)

(ksi)

(%)

GE300

300

44

600

87

15

27J at +20C

G20Mn5

300

44

500

73

20

27J at -20C

6535

240

35

450

65

24

N/A

7036

250

36

485

70

22

N/A

7040

275

40

485

70

22

N/A

8050

345

50

550

80

22

N/A

250

36

400

58

15

N/A

300

44

N/A

Ductile (SG) Cast Iron EN-1563 EN-GJS-400-15


Grey Iron EN-GJL-300

cast steel

EN-GJL-300

Undefined

*Properties given are typical values for each material grade based on prepared samples.
Charpy testing is optional, and strongly recommended for low temperature applications.
Charpy testing to lower temperatures is available on request.

Factors of Safety

Coatings

Cast steel bollards are designed to a standard safety


factor of 1.3 on the bollard material yield. The standard
anchor safety factor is 1.5 on the anchor material yield.

The table lists recommended standards and


grades. Many others are available on request.

Designs generally follow these standards:


BS 6349 Part 2:[2010] Structural use of Steelwork
BS 5950:2000 [BS EN 1993] Marine Structures
AS 3990:1993 Mechanical Equipment Design

Typical Properties

Grade

Standard

Galvanised anchor bolts

Grade 8.8

ISO 898

Paint

Class C5M

ISO 12944

Calculations to other factors of safety, regional standards


or regulations can be provided on request.

12

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

Bollard Requirements
Introduction

Bollards are specified and selected for their ability to


perform safely, under a range of conditions and over
long periods with little if any maintenance.
Some requirements depend on bollard shape, others
on the material used. Cast steel is the most reliable.
Many cast iron foundries lack the facilities to make
consistently high quality ductile cast iron. Grey cast
iron is not recommended for bollards.

Bollards

Requirement

Cast Steel

Load capacity

Variable

Fair

Excellent

Holding power

Variable

Fair

Excellent

Load fuse designs

Not possible

Not possible

Most types

Impact strength

Poor

Fair

Excellent

Brittle

Brittle

20C
(lower on request)

Wear resistance

Poor

Poor

Very good

Fatigue resistance

Poor

Poor

Excellent

Corrosion resistance

Excellent

Excellent

Excellent (painted)

Long service life

Variable

Good

Excellent

Poor

Fair

Excellent

Low temperature rating

Cost benefit

Materials and Testing

Ductile Iron (SG)*

Mooring and Shiphauling

Grey Iron

*Ductile cast iron is also called Spheroidal Graphite (SG) Iron or Nodular Cast Iron

Care must be taken to avoid damaging factory-applied coatings.


C5M (ISO 12944-2) is recommended but other coatings
are available on request. While single-piece bollards can be
galvanised, we do not offer the finish for two-piece bollards.
Coatings can be supplied in many other colours and thicknesses
contact your Quayquip office.

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

Typical Coating
Hempel
Quattro

Colour

Thickness

Coat 1

Black

150m

Coat 2

Red

150m

Coat 3

Black

200m

Tools

Wear and abrasion from mooring lines is continuous. QuayQuip


recommends periodic repainting to protect bollards from
corrosion. Cast steel bollards, which are the least prone to rust
and corrosion, will need less frequent attention than bollards of
less durable materials.

Technical

Coatings

500m

13

Choosing Bollards

Ship Size

Local regulations and accepted design standards must always be


followed. Designers should take the following into account:

Changes in draft
Changes in water level
Winds and currents
Forces from swell, waves and currents
Type and angle of mooring line
Forces due to ice (where applicable)
Mounting type
Using load fuses to prevent structural overload

Displacement

Bollard rating (approx.)

< 2,000

10

2,00010,000

30

10,00020,000

60

20,00050,000

80

50,000100,000

100

100,000200,000

150

> 200,000

200
[Units: tonnes]

Where mooring load information is not available, the Ship Size


table can be used a guideline.

Bollards are not recommended for use at berths that


receive hazardous cargoes including oil, LNG, coal and
other volatile substances. In these cases please speak to
QuayQuip about our range of Quick Release Hooks.

Line Angles
after breast line

winds or other hazards are anticipated.

Bollard Spacing

Hazardous cargoes

bollard

Add at least 25% to the ratings above if strong currents,

spring lines

Design codes recommend that bollards are


frequently placed at 1530m intervals, often
at the same spacing as fenders (either at the
same point as fenders or midway). Another
approximate guide is 15% of the length of the
shortest ship. On continuous structures, this
spacing may coincide with the centres between
expansion joints.

after breast line

storm
bollard

fender
head line

stern line

max. freeboard

min. freeboard

low tide
mean tide
high tide

low tide
mean tide
high tide

We recommend that mooring line angles are


considered during a full mooring simulation.
Vertical line angles should be kept as low as
possible. Horizontal angles are given relative to
the ships main axis.
Head and stern lines

45 15

Breast lines

90 30

Spring lines

510

Vertical line angle

25

Please refer to BS6349: Part 4: 1994, ROM 0.2-90, and


PIANC guidelines.

14

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

Environmental Factors

longitudinal
force

Direction of wind off bow


180

135

90

45

longitudinal force
Force on vessel

transverse force

Ministry of Transport, Japan


Technical Note No.911 Ship Dimensions of Design Ships under given Confidence Limits, 1999

Materials and Testing

Design Codes

Mooring and Shiphauling

The diagram indicates


wind forces from different
quarters against the vessel

quartering
wind

Bollards

Software such as
Optimoor is useful in some
cases, but more advanced
software is needed to
model passing vessels and
wave forces.

transverse
force

Introduction

quartering
wind

Designs must take into


account many effects
of the surrounding
environment, such as
current, tides, waves and
wind. All permutations of
freeboard and ship sizes
should also be considered.
The forces induced by
passing vessels, especially
in narrow channels, can be
stronger still.

PIANC Report of PTC II-30


Approach Channels: A Guide for Design (Appendix B Typical Ship Dimensions, 1997

Technical

EAU
Recommendations of the Committee for Waterfront Structures, 2004
PIANC Report of WG24
Criteria for Movements of Moored Ships in Harbours A Practical Guide, 1995
BS6349: Part 4
Code of Practice for Design of Fendering and Mooring Systems, 1994

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

Tools

ROM 0.2-90
Actions in the Design of Maritime and Harbor Works, 1996

15

Calculations
Project

Client

Title
Ref.

16

Signed

Date

Page

QuayQuip BV, 2014


QuayQuip
BV, 2014
A Eurotech
Benelux Company

Notes

Introduction

Bollards

Mooring and Shiphauling

Materials and Testing

Technical

Tools

17

QuayQuip BV, 2014


QuayQuip
BV, 2014
A Eurotech Benelux
Company

Questionnaire
Port

Contact

Berth

Company

Country

Tel

Project

New Build Upgrade

Email

Status

Preliminary Detail Tender

Web

BOLLARD TYPE

Tricorn

T-Head

Horn

Kidney

Pillar

Other/legacy

Quantity

Quantity

Quantity

Quantity

Quantity

Quantity

SWL

SWL

SWL

SWL

SWL

SWL

VESSELS
Length

LOA

Displacement
Deadweight
Length

LOA

Displacement
Deadweight
LINE ANGLES
Max (degrees)
Min (degrees)
Max (degrees)
Min (degrees)
MOUNTING
Flush
Surface
Flush mounted

Surface bolted

Flush
Surface

OTHER INFORMATION

18

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

Conversion Factors
m

ft

in

1m =

3.281

39.37

1ft =

0.3048

12

1in =

0.0245

0.0833

ft

in

Area

Force

tonne-f

kip-f

0.102

0.225

1tonne-f =

9.81

2.2046

1kip-f =

4.45

0.454

kJ

tf-m

kip-ft

0.102

0.7376

1kN =

Energy

Bollards

kN

Introduction

Distance

10.764

1550

1kJ =

1ft =

0.0929

144

1tf-m =

9.81

7.23

1in =

645.2 10

6.944 10

1kip-ft =

1.36

0.14

ft

in

kPa

t/m

kip/ft

1m =

35.315

61024

1kPa =

0.102

0.0209

1ft =

0.0283

1728

1t/m =

9.81

0.205

1in =

16.387 10

578.7 10

1kip/ft =

47.9

4.88

m/s

ft/s

m/s

ft/s

km/h

knot

9.807

32.17

1m/s =

3.2808

3.6

1.9438

1m/s =

0.102

3.281

1ft/s =

0.3048

1.0973

0.5925

1ft/s =

0.031

0.3048

1km/h =

0.2778

0.9113

0.54

1knot =

0.5144

1.6878

1.852

Volume

1g =

Velocity

Intellectual Property

The content of this Catalogue is provided for information only and without
responsibility. QuayQuip BV make no representations about the accuracy, reliability,
completeness or timeliness of the information in this Catalogue. QuayQuip BV may, in
its sole discretion, revise the information contained herein at any time without notice.

The trademarks, service marks and logos (the Trademarks)


displayed in this Catalogue are the property of QuayQuip
BV and/or its affiliates. Nothing in this Catalogue should
be construed as granting any license or right to the
Trademarks. Without the express written consent of
QuayQuip BV the use of the Trademarks is prohibited.

QuayQuip BVs obligations and responsibilities regarding its products are governed
solely by the agreements under which they are sold. Unless otherwise agreed in
writing, the information contained herein does not become part of these agreements.
This Catalogue does not contain any guarantee or agreed quality of QuayQuip BV
products or any warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and noninfringement. QuayQuip BV may make changes in the products or services described
at any time without notice.

QuayQuip BV, 2014


A Eurotech Benelux Company

All text, images, graphics and other materials in this


Catalogue are subject to the copyright and other
intellectual property rights of QuayQuip BV and/or its
affiliates.
QuayQuip BV owns the copyrights in the selection,
coordination and arrangement of the materials in this
Catalogue. These materials may not be modified or copied
for commercial use or distribution.

Tools

This Catalogue is provided on an as is basis. To the extent permitted by law,


QuayQuip BV makes no warranty, express or implied, and assumes no liability in
connection with the use of the information contained in this Catalogue. QuayQuip
BV is not liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential or punitive damages
arising out of the use of this Catalogue. Information contained herein is not intended
to announce product availability anywhere in the world.

Technical

Disclaimer

Materials and Testing

Acceleration

Pressure

Mooring and Shiphauling

1m =

Copyright 2014 QuayQuip BV.


All rights reserved.

19

English A4 Metric v.2.0

A EUROTECH BENELUX COMPANY

WWW.QUAYQUIP.COM

Mooring Systems | Fender Systems


Floating Structures | Port Furniture
Castings | Steel Fabrications
Engineered Plastics | Machine Parts

HEAD OFFICE (NL)


Sigarenmaker 14 | 5521 DJ | Eersel
P.O. Box 61 | 5520 AB Eersel
The Netherlands
Ph +31 (0) 497 53 22 44 (NL)
info@eurotechbenelux.com
info@quayquip.com

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