Active Voice

Hortative Sentence

Anaphora

Imperative Sentence

Anastrophe

Independent Clause

Antecedent

Isocolon

Antitheses

Loose or Cumulative Sentence

Apposition

Parallelism/ Parallel Structure

Asyndeton

Passive Voice

Climax

Periodic Sentence

Embedded Sentence

Polysyndeton

Epistrophe

Predicate Adjective

1a

Sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to

action. Ex: Let both sides explore what problems unite us
instead of belaboring those that divide us.

the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of

the verb is performing the action or causing the
happening denoted by the verb
Sentence: The leopard chased the antelope.

sentence structure that gives a command

Ex: Go cut the grass.

the regular repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of succesive
phrases or clauses
Ex:"I needed a drink, I needed a lot of life insurance, I needed a vacation, I
needed a home in the country. What I had was a coat, a hat and a gun."
Raymond Chandler- Farewell, My Lovely

a clause that can stand alone as a sentence, containing a

subject and a predicate with a finite verb
Sentence: -The crew could see the whale-, which had
surfaced behind them.

a rhetorical term for the inversion of the normal

order of the parts of a sentence
Ex: She stared into the dog's eyes deep and menacing.

a figure of speech or sentence having a parallel structure

formed by the use of two or more clauses, or cola, of
similar length
Ex: "He said, she said."

the word, phrase, or clause to which a pronoun refers

Sentence: I love my brother so much I gave him chips.

modifiers follow the SVC pattern allowing the strength of

the sentence to come first
Ex: I went to the movies yesterday, bought candy, and
shopped at the mall.

figure of speech in which opposing or contrasting ideas

are balanced against each other using grammatically
parallel syntax
Ex: Bittersweet, pretty ugly

expressing similar or related ideas in similar

grammatical structure
Ex: You need to work quickly and decisively

a syntactic relation between expressions, usually consecutive, that have

the same function and the same relation to other elements in the
sentence, the second expression identifying or supplementing the first
Ex: My best friend, Lee, caught a whelk when he was fishing for bass.

the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of

the verb is the recipient (not the source) of the action
denoted by the verb
Sentence: The bridge was blown up by engineers.

conjunctions are omitted, producing a fastpaced and rapid prose

Ex: He comes, he sleeps, he goes.

the main idea comes last in the sentence leaving the

reader with a more powerful last impression
Ex: In spite of heavy snow and cold temperatures, the
game continued.

the turning point or high point in a plot's action

Ex: In the climactic scene of the movie, the aliens emerge
from the capsule and start zapping the onlookers.
-grammar-monster.com

the opposite of asyndeton; the use of many

conjuctions has a slowing effect
Ex: We have ships and men and money and stores.

a sentence that occurs within a sentence in a phrase

structure tree Ex: You know that sheepdogs can't
read.

an adjective used in the prediate, especially wtih a copulative verb

and attributive to the subject or attributive to the direct object
Sentence: Everything is funny as long as it is happening to
somebody else.

the repetition of a word or words at the end of two or more succesive verses, clauses, or sentences
Ex: "A day may come when the courage of men fails, when we forsake our friends and break all
bonds of fellowship, but it is not this day. An hour of woes and shattered shields, when the age of
men comes crashing down! But it is not this day! This day we fight!" -Viggo Mortensen as
Aragorn in The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King

1b

Predicate Nominative

Rhetorical Question

Subject Complement

Subordinate Clause

Syntax

2a

a predicate noun or adjective in the nominative case

Sentence: For many of us on the team, the fans were
an embarrassment.

questions that do not require an answer

Ex: infront of a crowd at the beginning of a speech you
ask "How many of you have ogne fishing?" you're not
really waiting for an answer
a word or a group of words, usually functioning as an adjective or
noun, that is used in the predicate following a copula and describes
or is identified with the subject of the sentence
Sentence: Ben is a policeman.

a clause that modifies the principal clause or some part of

it or that serves a noun function in the principal clause
Sentence: The crew could see the whale, -which had
surfaced behind them.-

the grammatical arrangement of

words in sentences

2b