Four Tops

The Four Tops are an American vocal quartet from

Detroit, Michigan who helped to dene the citys Motown
sound of the 1960s. The groups repertoire has included
soul music, R&B, disco, adult contemporary, doo-wop,
jazz, and show tunes.

eventually took over the role of lead singer when Stubbs

suered a stroke in 2000, with Ronnie McNeir then joining the group. On July 1, 2005, Benson died of lung cancer with Paytons son Roquel Payton replacing him. Levi
Stubbs died on October 17, 2008.

Fakir, McNeir, Payton, and Harold Spike Bonhart, who

replaced Peoples in 2011, are still performing together
as the Four Tops. As of 2014, fty years after their rst
Motown hit, Fakir is the only surviving founding member
of the original group and Payton is a second-generation
The Four Tops were among a number of groups, in- member.
cluding The Miracles, The Marvelettes, Martha and the
Vandellas, The Temptations, and The Supremes, who
established the Motown Sound around the world dur- 1 History
ing the 1960s. They were notable for having Stubbs, a
baritone, as their lead singer, whereas most male/mixed 1.1 Early years
vocal groups of the time were fronted by a tenor.
Founded as The Four Aims, lead singer Levi Stubbs, and
groupmates Abdul Duke Fakir, Renaldo Obie Benson and Lawrence Payton remained together for over four
decades, having gone from 1953 until 1997 without a
change in personnel.

All four members of the group began their careers together while they were high school students in Detroit.
At the insistence of their friends, Pershing High students Levi Stubbs and Abdul Duke Fakir performed
with Renaldo Obie Benson and Lawrence Payton from
Northern High at a local birthday party. The quartet decided to remain together and christened themselves The
Four Aims. With the help of Paytons songwriter cousin
Roquel Davis, The Aims signed to Chess Records in
1956, changing their name to Four Tops to avoid confusion with The Ames Brothers. Over the next seven years,
The Tops endured unsuccessful tenures at Chess, Red
Top, Riverside Records and Columbia Records. Without
any hit records to their name, The Tops toured frequently,
developing a polished stage presence and an experienced
supper club act, as well as supporting Billy Eckstine. In
1963, Berry Gordy, Jr., who had worked with Roquel
Davis as a songwriter in the late-1950s, convinced The
Tops to join the roster of his growing Motown record
company.

The group was the main male vocal group for the highly
successful songwriting and production team of Holland
DozierHolland, who crafted a stream of hit singles on
Motown. These included two Billboard Hot 100 numberone hits for the Tops: "I Can't Help Myself (Sugar Pie
Honey Bunch)" in 1965 and "Reach Out I'll Be There"
in 1966. After Holland-Dozier-Holland left Motown in
1967, the Four Tops were assigned to a number of producers, primarily Frank Wilson, but generally with less
success.
When Motown left Detroit in 1972 to move to Los Angeles, California, the Tops stayed in Detroit but signed
a new recording deal with ABC Records' Dunhill imprint. Recording mainly in Los Angeles, they continued
to have chart singles into the late 1970s, including the
million-seller, Ain't No Woman, their second release
on Dunhill, produced by Steve Barri and composers Dennis Lambert and Brian Potter.
In the 1980s, the Four Tops recorded for Casablanca
Records, Arista Records and Motown, returning to that
label on two occasions for brief stays. Apart from their
Indestructible album (owned by Sony Music Entertainment), Universal Music Group controls the rights to their
entire post-1963 catalog (through various mergers and
acquisitions), as well as their 1956 single, Could It Be
You.

1.2 Joining Motown

During their early Motown years, the Four Tops recorded

jazz standards for the companys Workshop label. In addition, they lled in time by singing backup on Motown
[2]
A change of line-up was nally forced upon the group singles such as The Supremes' "Run, Run, Run. The
when Lawrence Payton died on June 20, 1997. The group Tops also did backing vocals for Martha and the Vandelinitially continued as a three-piece under the name The las on the 1966 hit "My Baby Loves Me".
Tops,[1] before Theo Peoples (formerly of The Tempta- In 1964, Motowns main songwriting/production team of
tions) was recruited as the new fourth member. Peoples HollandDozierHolland created a complete instrumen1

HISTORY

tal track without any idea of what to do with it. They

decided to craft the song as a more mainstream pop song
for the Four Tops and proceeded to create "Baby I Need
Your Loving" from the lyric-less instrumental track. On
its mid-1964 release, Baby I Need Your Loving made
it to #11 on the Billboard pop charts. However, the song
proved to be much more popular on trend-setting radio
stations in key U.S. markets and has since grown in popularity over the years to be one of the groups classic tracks.
After the singles success, the Tops were pulled away from
their jazz material and began recording more material in
the vein of Baby I Need Your Loving.
The rst follow-up single, Without the One You Love
(Lifes Not Worth While)", just missed both the pop and
R&B Top 40 charts, but Ask the Lonely, written and
produced by Motown A&R head Mickey Stevenson with Performing at New Rochelle High School (NY) c. 1967
Ivy Hunter, was a Top 30 pop hit and a Top 10 R&B hit in
early 1965. From there, the group really began to make
and began experimenting with more mainstream pop hits.
their mark.
They scored hits with their versions of Tim Hardin's If
I Were a Carpenter in late 1967 (mid-1968 in the U.S.)
and the Left Banke's "Walk Away Rene" in early 1968.
1.3 Success
These singles and the original I'm In a Dierent World
After scoring their rst #1 hit, "I Can't Help Myself were their last hits produced by Holland-Dozier-Holland,
(Sugar Pie, Honey Bunch)" in June 1965, the Four Tops who left Motown in 1967 after disputes with Berry Gordy
began a long series of successful hit singles. Among the over royalties and ownership of company shares.
rst wave of these hits were the Top 10 "Its the Same
Old Song", Something About You, Shake Me, Wake
Me (When Its Over)", and Loving You Is Sweeter Than
Ever. Four Tops records often represented the epitome
of the Motown Sound: simple distinctive melodies and
rhymes, call-and-response lyrics, and the musical contributions of studio band, The Funk Brothers.

1.4 Late Motown period

Without Holland-Dozier-Holland, the hits became less

frequent. The group worked with a wide array of Motown
producers during the late 1960s, including Ivy Hunter,
Holland-Dozier-Holland wrote most of Levi Stubbs vo- Nickolas Ashford & Valerie Simpson, Norman Whiteld
cals in a tenor range, near the top of his range, in order and Johnny Bristol, without signicant chart success.
to get a sense of strained urgency in his gospel preacher- Their rst major hit in a long time came in the form of
inspired leads. In addition, H-D-H used additional back- 1970s "Its All in the Game", a pop Top 30/R&B Top
ground vocals from female background vocalists, The Ten hit produced by Frank Wilson. Wilson and the Tops
Andantes on many of the songs, to add a high end to the began working on a number of innovative tracks and allow-voiced harmony of The Tops. Ivy Hunters Loving bums together, echoing Whitelds psychedelic soul work
You Is Sweeter Than Ever was one of a few exceptions. with The Temptations. Their 1970 album Still Waters
August 1966 brought the release of the Four Tops all- Run Deep was a forerunner of the concept album. It also
served as an inspiration for Marvin Gaye's 1971 classic
time biggest hit and one of the most popular Motown
songs ever. "Reach Out I'll Be There" hit #1 on the U.S. album Whats Going On, the title track of which was copop and R&B charts[2] and UK chart and soon became written by the Tops Obie Benson.
The Tops signature song. It was almost immediately followed by the similar-sounding "Standing in the Shadows
of Love"; its depiction of heartbreak reecting the opposite of the optimism in Reach Out. It was another Top
10 hit for the Tops.

In addition to their own albums, the Tops were paired

with The Supremes, who had just replaced lead singer
Diana Ross with Jean Terrell, for a series of albums billed
under the joint title The Magnicent Seven: The Magnicent Seven in 1970, and The Return of the Magnicent Seven and Dynamite! in 1971. Whilst the albums
themselves did not perform really well on the charts, The
Magnicent Seven featured a Top 20 version of Ike &
Tina Turner's "River Deep - Mountain High", produced
by Ashford & Simpson.

The Top 10 U.S. hit "Bernadette" centered around a

mans all-consuming obsession with his lover,[2] continued the Four Tops successful run into April 1967, followed by the Top 20 hits "7-Rooms of Gloom", and You
Keep Running Away. By now, The Tops were the most
successful male Motown act in the United Kingdom (in The 1971 single "A Simple Game" featured backing vothe United States, they were second to The Temptations), cals from members of The Moody Blues. The song did

1.6

Return to Motown

not fare well on the U.S. charts, but reached number three television special Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Foron the UK charts.
ever, taking part in one of the highlights of the show a battle-of-the-bands between The Tops and The Temptations, patterned after similar competitions Berry Gordy
1.5 ABC Records and Casablanca Records had staged during the 1960s. Levi Stubbs and Temptation Otis Williams decided the Temptations/Tops battle
Motown as a company began to change during the early would be a good one to take on the road and both groups
1970s. Older acts such as Martha and the Vandellas and began semi-regular joint tours.
The Marvelettes were slowly moved aside or dropped to The rst of The Tops albums under their new Motown
focus on newer acts, such as Michael Jackson and The contract was Back Where I Belong. A whole side of the
Jackson 5, Rare Earth, and the now-solo Diana Ross. In album was produced by Holland-Dozier-Holland, includaddition, the company moved its operations from Detroit ing the R&B Top 40 single, I Just Can't Walk Away.
to Los Angeles, California, where Berry Gordy planned Only one more Tops album would be released by Moto break into the motion picture and television industries. town, Magic in 1985. In July of that year, the group
In 1972, it was announced that the entire company would performed at the Live Aid concert, singing three of their
move west and that all its artists had to move as well. hit songs. The album Hot Nights was completed in 1986,
Many of the older Motown acts, already neglected by the but was then cancelled, as the group and the Motown lalabel, opted to stay in Detroit, including The Funk Broth- bel began to disagree over marketing and musical direcers studio backing band, Martha Reeves, and the Four tion. The following year, the Four Tops decided to leave
Tops.
for Arista Records, buying back several masters they had
The Tops departed Motown for ABC-Dunhill, where they
were assigned to writer-producers Dennis Lambert and
Brian Potter and the labels head of A&R, Steve Barri as
producer, with The Tops own Lawrence Payton later also
serving as a producer and writer. He also took over lead
vocal duties on several tracks.

recorded for Hot Nights. Its not clear how many songs
from Hot Nights were used on Indestructible, but the 2001
box set, Fourever includes the title track (previously released as a single), Red Hot Love and The Four Of Us
(previously released outside the U.S. on a CD single of
Loco in Acapulco), as well as Indestructible.

The groups rst release on the label, Keeper of the Castle was their rst pop Top 10 hit since Bernadette in
1967. Follow-ups included the million-selling "Ain't No
Woman (Like the One I've Got)", also a top 10 pop hit
and their third R&B number 1, and the Top 20 hit, "Are
You Man Enough", (from the movie "Shaft In Africa").
"Sweet Understanding Love"; "Midnight Flower"; and
"One Chain Don't Make No Prison" all reached the R&B
Top 10 between 1972 and 1974. Two ABC/Dunhill singles, 1974s "I Just Can't Get You Out Of My Mind" and
1975s "Seven Lonely Nights" have become popular tunes
in the southeast Beach/Shag Club Dance circuit.

The title track of 1988s Indestructible was the groups nal Top 40 hit, reaching No. 35. It was also featured
in the 1988 science-ction cop lm, Alien Nation.. Another track, Loco In Acapulco, written and produced
by British pop musician, Phil Collins and former Motown
composer-producer, Lamont Dozier climbed into the UK
Top 10. The Arista contract provided an opportunity to
pair Levi Stubbs with fellow Arista artist, another legendary R&B vocalist from Detroit, Aretha Franklin, who
was at the height of her own 1980s hit streak. This pairing
resulted in the song "If Ever A Love There Was", which
became a popular R&B and Adult Contemporary hit, as
well as being featured on the soundtrack of the motion
picture "I'm Gonna Get You Sucka.

After the release of "Catsh" (a top 10 R&B hit) in 1976,

the major hits started to dry up and the Tops left ABC
after an album recorded in Philadelphia with the MFSB
musicians resulted in only minor chart success in 1978.
The group disappeared from the recording scene until the
early 1980s. Signing a deal with Casablanca Records,
the Tops made a comeback in 1981 with the #1 R&B hit
"When She Was My Girl". Produced by David Wolfert,
it just missed the Billboard pop Top 10, peaking at #11.
The group also scored a UK Top 10 hit with the song
and had another hit there with the follow-up, "Don't Walk
Away".

In December 1988, the Tops had been scheduled to board

Pan Am Flight 103 to return to the U.S. for Christmas
after completing their European tour. However, they
were late getting out of a recording session and overslept,
causing them to miss the ill-fated ight which crashed in
Lockerbie, Scotland, after a terrorist bomb was detonated
on board.[3][4]

In addition to their own recordings, the Four Tops also

worked in the elds of television and motion pictures.
The group as a whole performed a song for the 1982
lm Grease 2, and Levi Stubbs provided the vocals for
the man-eating plant Audrey II in the 1986 musical lm,
1.6 Return to Motown
Little Shop of Horrors; and the voice of the evil Mother
Brain on the Nintendo-based NBC Saturday morning carBy 1983, The Tops had rejoined Motown, where their toon Captain N: The Game Master from 1989 to 1991.
former ABC-Dunhill producer, Steve Barri was vicepresident of A&R. They were featured on the companys

2 DISCOGRAPHY

1.7

Later years

From the late 1980s, the Four Tops focused on touring

and live performances, They recorded only one album, returning again to Motown for 1995s Christmas Here With
You. On June 20, 1997, 59-year-old Lawrence Payton
died as a result of liver cancer, after singing for 44 years
with the Four Tops who, unlike many Motown groups,
never had a single lineup change until then. At rst, Levi
Stubbs, Obie Benson, and Duke Fakir toured as a trio
called The Tops. In 1998, they recruited former Temptation Theo Peoples to restore the group to a quartet. By the
turn of the century, Stubbs had become ill from cancer;
Ronnie McNeir was recruited to ll the Lawrence Payton
position and Peoples stepped into Stubbs shoes as lead
singer. Stubbs later died on October 17, 2008 at his home
in Detroit.
The group was featured in several television specials
during this time, including Motown 45, and several by
PBS, including a 50th anniversary concert dedicated
to the group (available on DVD). The concert turned
out to be bittersweet; it featured a brief appearance of
the wheelchair-bound Levi Stubbs, and a memorial to
Lawrence Payton, announced by Obie Benson. Benson
appeared on one more PBS special and died on July 1,
2005, from lung cancer. The nal PBS special, titled
Motown: The Early Years, featured a message of Bensons passing following the credits. Lawrence Paytons
son Roquel (real name Lawrence Payton, Jr.) replaced
Benson as the new bass (Roquel could be seen in the
pledge break interviews of Motown: The Early Years).
Theo Peoples also left the Tops to form his own group and
was replaced by Harold 'Spike' Bonhart as lead singer.

Billboard Magazine Top 100 Artists of All

Time(#77)[13]
R&B Music Hall of Fame Induction (2013)[14]
100 Greatest Artists of All Time (#79-Rolling Stone
Magazine)
[15]

After similar releases in the Motown Denitive DVD

series on The Miracles, The Temptations, The Supremes,
and Marvin Gaye, The Four Tops Motown Denitive
DVD, Reach Out, was nally released on November
11, 2008.
The Four Tops received The Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award as part of the 51st Annual Grammy
Awards.[16][17]
Speaking in January 2010 to noted UK soul writer Pete
Lewis of the award-winning Blues & Soul, Fakir conrmed plans for the new Four Tops to release a new album, while revealing his personal feelings about the current line-up: To me the new group is like an extension of
the family, because we've all been very close for so many
years... Which makes it easier for ME, because I truly
miss Lawrence, 'Obie' AND Levi - I'd be lying if I said
I didn't - and not one of them could EVER be replaced.
But, you know, these new guys do perform well enough
for the people to still enjoy the shows and still enjoy the
music. So for me, it kinda makes it bittersweet. Because,
at the end of the day, the legacy is still going on and I'm
very pleased that it IS!"[18]

The group was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of
The Four Tops sang the National Anthem before the start
Fame in 1990, and into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in
of game 5 for the 2011 ALCS between the Texas Rangers
1999. In 2004, Rolling Stone Magazine ranked them #79
& Detroit Tigers on October 13, 2011 in Detroit, MI.
on their list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.[5]
When singing the last line of "The Star Spangled Banner", "...and the home of the brave, they quickly sang
the words Ain't No country Like the One I Got, before
1.8 The Four Tops Career Awards
singing the last word, brave. The Four Tops were honThe Four Tops have won many awards during their long ored with an induction into the R&B Music Hall of Fame
at the Inaugural ceremony held at Cleveland State Uniand distinguished career, including the following:
versity's Waetejen Auditorium on Saturday August 17,
[6]
2013.
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (1990)
Vocal Group Hall of Fame (1999)[7]
Hollywood Walk Of Fame (1997)[8][9]

2 Discography

Grammy Hall Of Fame (Reach Out I'll Be There- Main article: Four Tops discography
1998)[10]
Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award (2009-51st
2.1
Annual Grammy Awards)[11]

Billboard Hot 100 US and UK singles

Rhythm and Blues Foundation Pioneer Award The following singles reached the top thirty of the singles
(1997)[12]
charts.

2.3

2.2

DVDs

Albums

Motown releases

5
Motown releases
1983: Back where I Belong

1964: Four Tops (US #63; UK #2)

1985: Magic (US #140)

1965: Four Tops Second Album (US #20)

1986: Hot Nights (unreleased)

1966: Four Tops Live! (US #17; UK #4)

1966: On Top (US #32; UK #9)
1967: Four Tops Hits (US #4; UK #1)
1967: Reach Out (US #11; UK #6)
1967: Four Tops On Broadway (US #79)

Arista releases
1988: Indestructible (US #149)
Motown releases
1995: Christmas Here With You

1968: Yesterdays Dreams (US #91)

1969: The Four Tops Now (US #74)
1969: Soul Spin (US #163)
1970: Still Waters Run Deep (US #21)
1970: Changing Times (US #109)
1970: The Magnicent 7 (with The Supremes) (US
#113; UK #6)
1971: The Return of the Magnicent Seven (with The
Supremes) (US #154)
1971: Dynamite (with the Supremes) (US #160)
1971: Mac Arthur Park
1972: Nature Planned It (US #50)
1973: The Best Of The 4 Tops (US #103)
ABC releases
1972: Keeper of the Castle (US #33)

Prism Leisure releases

2000: The Four Tops Collection (recorded live at the
MGM grand 1996)

2.3 DVDs
The Four Tops Reach Out: Denitive DVD Motown/Universal (2008)
The Four Tops: From the Heart: The 50th Anniversary Concert
The Four Tops: Live at The MGM Grand: 40th Anniversary Special (1996)
The Four Tops: (semi- documentary /concert
rehearsal- recorded live for French TV,1971) 2004.

3 See also
List of best-selling music artists

1973: Main Street People (US #66)

1974: Meeting of the Minds (US #118)
1974: Live & in Concert (US #92)
1975: Night Lights Harmony (US #148)
1976: Catsh (US #124)

4 References
[1] Obituary: Levi Stubbs, The Guardian, October 17 2008
[2] Show 50 - The Soul Reformation: Phase three, soul music
at the summit. [Part 6] : UNT Digital Library

1977: The Show Must Go On

[3] Silver State News Service: Lockerbie Anniversary. Silver State News.

1978: At The Top

[4] "'The Frost Blog: Lockerbie Tragedy. The Frost Blog.

Casablanca releases
1981: Tonight! (US #37)
1982: One More Mountain

[5] The Immortals: The First Fifty. Rolling Stone Issue 946.
Rolling Stone.
[6] The Four Tops Biography | The Rock and Roll Hall of
Fame and Museum. Rockhall.com. Retrieved on 201211-10.

[7] The Four Tops - Inductees - The Vocal Group Hall of

Fame Foundation. Vocalgroup.org. Retrieved on 201211-10.
[8] The Four Tops | Hollywood Walk of Fame. Walkoffame.com. Retrieved on 2012-11-10.
[9] Gallery | Hollywood Walk of Fame recipients | Photo 38 |
accessatlanta.com. Projects.accessatlanta.com. Retrieved
on 2012-11-10.
[10] List of Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients QZ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. En.wikipedia.org. Retrieved on 2012-11-10.
[11] Four Tops to receive a Grammy Lifetime Achievement
Award | The Detroit News. detroitnews.com (2008-1222). Retrieved on 2012-11-10.
[12] Rhythm & Blues Foundation - Preserving Americas Soul.
Rhythm-n-blues.org. Retrieved on 2012-11-10.
[13] Billboard Hot 100 All-Time Top Artists list. Listal.com
(2008-09-12). Retrieved on 2012-11-10.
[14] R&B Music Hall of Fame - Inaugural Induction Ceremony at Waetejen Auditorium, Cleveland Ohio. www.
wksu.org. Retrieved on 2013-03-09.
[15] 100 Greatest Artists: The Four Tops. Rolling Stone. Retrieved on 2012-12-28.
[16] Entertainment | Four Tops to get lifetime Grammy. BBC
News (2008-12-22). Retrieved on 2012-05-13.
[17] Ann, By. (2008-12-22) Grammys To Honor Autry, Four
Tops, Martin. Billboard.biz. Retrieved on 2012-05-13.
[18] Abdul 'Duke' Fakir / The Four Tops interview by Pete
Lewis, Blues & Soul, February 2010
[19] Ocial UK Charts - FOUR TOPS

External links
Four Tops at the Internet Movie Database
Four Tops at the Internet Broadway Database
Vocal Group Hall of Fame page on the Four Tops
Levi Stubbs/The Four Tops interview by Pete Lewis,
'Blues & Soul' October 1992 (republished November 2008)
History of Rock article
The Four Tops on Myspace
The Four Tops discography at MusicBrainz
Four Tops, The Ed Sullivan Show
Ronnie McNeir 2012 Interview at Soulinterviews.com.

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