Code.

No: 36087
R05 SET-1
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
III .B.TECH II SEM SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS FEBRUARY - 2010
PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL
(CHEMICAL ENGINEERING)
Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---

1.a) Obtain the transfer function for mercury thermometer by making unsteady energy
balance.
b) Obtain the response of thermometer for
i) step change in input
ii) unit impulse input [8+8]

2.a) Two tanks are connected in non-interacting fashion are at steady state and the steady
state flow rates to the first tank is at 20ft3/min. At time t = 0, 10ft3 of water are quickly
added to the first tank. Determine the maximum deviation in level in both tanks from the
ultimate steady state values and the time at which each maximum occurs.
Data:
A1 = A2 = 10 ft2, R1 = 0.1 ft/cfm, R2 = 0.35 ft/cfm.
b) Differentiate Between interacting and non interacting system with suitable examples.
[10+6]

3.a) A PI controller has a proportional Band of 40% and a reset time of 3 min. Plot the
response of this controller to a step error of 2%.
b) Differentiate between air to open and air to closed system. [8+8]

4. Determine an expression for C in terms of R1, U1 and R2 U2 respectively for the situation
when both set-point change and load change occur simultaneously. As shown in figure.
[16]

2
5. A feedback control system having a process with the transfer functions as
( s + 1)( s + 2 )
3
and the measuring device with the transfer function as . If a proportional
( s + 3)
controller is used, find up to what values of the controller gain the system will be stable,
using Routh stability criterion. [16]
6.a) Sketch the root locus diagram of control system represented by the following
k [ 0.4 s + 1]
characteristic equation 1 +
s ( s + 1)( 2 s + 1)

b) Define Bode stability criterion, gain margin and phase margin. [8+8]

7.a) Describe in physical terms the concept of dead time compensation .Why is such a system
also called predictor?
b) Explain feed forward controller with suitable example. [8+8]

8. Discuss the closed loop Zeigler Nichols method of controller settings. Mention the rules
and procedures followed in the method. (16)

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 Code.No: 36087
R05 SET-2
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
III .B.TECH II SEM SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS FEBRUARY - 2010
PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL
(CHEMICAL ENGINEERING)
Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---

1.a) Derive an expression for the response of a general first order process for a step change of
magnitude ‘A’ . Sketch response curve and state the salient points of the response curve.
b) Mercury thermometer has a bulb of 1.5 cm long and 0.5 cm in diameter. The specific heat
of mercury is 0.033 cal/ gm oC. Thermometer is kept in a water bath at 30oC and the heat
transfer coefficient is 0.08 cal/cm2 sec oC. If the temperature of the bath is increased
linearly at the rate of 10C/min, what is the difference between the indicated temperature
and the bath temperature, 1 minute after the change the temperature begins? Density of
mercury is 13.6 g/cc. [8+8]

2.a) What is meant by interacting and non-interacting systems? Give examples.

b) Develop the transfer function for second order system of manometer and the mention the
assumptions involved in the derivation [6+10]

3.a) Specify the gain of a proportional controller to be used to be in the control system.
b) With a neat schematic diagram explain about various components of control system.
c) Write the advantages PID control over the P, PI, PD controllers. [5+6+5]

4. The transfer function of a process, a measuring element and a control valve is given
respectively by

A proportional controller with a gain of K c = 1 is used.

a) Write the closed loop transfer function relating the output (Y) to the set point .
b) What is the steady state error in the out put for a unit step change in the set point? [16]

5.a) Critically discuss the concept of stability

b) Determine the range of K such that feed back system having characteristic equation
s (s2+s+1) (s+4) + K = 0, will be stable.
c) What is root locus and how does it help in control system. [4+8+4]

6.a) Sketch the root-locus diagram of control system represented by the following
characteristic equation.

b) How does the pole location determine the stability of an uncontrolled or controlled
process? [12+4]
7. Write short notes on:
a) Cascade control
b) internal model control. [16]

8.a) Explain briefly Integral of the square of error.

b) Write short notes on control valve characteristics. [8+8]

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 Code.No: 36087
R05 SET-3
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
III .B.TECH II SEM SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS FEBRUARY - 2010
PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL
(CHEMICAL ENGINEERING)
Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---

1.a) Derive the transfer function for bare thermometer. Explain the term time constant.
b) A Process of unknown transfer function is subjected to a unit-impulse input .The output
of the process is measured accurately and is found to be represented by the function
y(t)=te-t. Determine unit step response of this system. [8+8]

2. A step change of magnitude 4 is introduced into a system having the following transfer
function.

Determine:
i) Ultimate value of Y (t)
ii) Rise time
iii) Decay ratio
iv) Percent overshoot. [16]

3. Derive the Ideal transfer functions for the following Controllers.

a)P Control b)PI Control c)PID Control. [5+5+6]

4 Control system is having the following transfer functions:

2
Control valve = 2 ; final control element = 1 ; process = ;
s ( s + 1)
measuring element = 1;
Suddenly set point is subjected to step change with magnitude of 2. Determine
a) C(s)/R(s)
b) C (∞)
c) Offset
d) C(0.5)
e) Whether the closed loop responses is oscillatory. [16]

5. In the control system is having process, p- controller and measuring element. The transfer
function for process is 1/(s+1)3; There is no time lag in the measuring element. Find the
value of Kc for which the system is on the verge of instability when unit step change is
applied in the set point. The controller is replaced by a PD controller, for which the
transfer function is Kc (TDS+1).If Kc=10, determine the range of TD for which the system
is stable. [16]

6.a) A control system with a P controller has an open loop transfer function G(s)=
where time is in minutes. Obtain the cross over frequency and the ultimate controller
gain.
b) Write short notes on resonant frequency & gain margin. [10+6]
7.a) Explain briefly internal model control.
b) What is feed forward controller and what are the tuning rules followed for feed forward-
feedback control. [8+8]

8.a) Explain briefly the concept of process identification.

b) Write short notes on effective Valve characteristics. [8+8]

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 Code.No: 36087
R05 SET-4
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
III .B.TECH II SEM SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS FEBRUARY - 2010
PROCESS DYNAMICS AND CONTROL
(CHEMICAL ENGINEERING)
Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---

1.a) What is a transfer function? How is it useful in solving problem of process dynamics?
How do you represent the transfer function by a block diagram?
b) A thermometer having a first order time constant of 0.2 min is placed in a temperature
bath and after the thermometer comes to equilibrium with the bath, the temperature of
the bath is increased linearly with time at a rate of 10C/min.
i) What is the difference between the indicated temperature and the bath
temperature for 1 min after the change in temperature begins
ii) What is the maximum deviation between the indicated temperature and the bath
temperature and when does it occur? [6+10]

2.a) Obtain the response equation for a critically damped second order system , when it is
subjected to an impulse input.
b) Explain the various terms used to describe the under damped response of a second order
system. [8+8]

3.a) What are the basic components of a feedback control loop?

b) Compute the response of a proportional-derivative (PD) controller to a ramp change in
the error. Sketch the contributions of the proportional and derivative actions separately.
[8+8]
4. The major elements of a process control system have the following transfer functions
Controller = Kc, Control valve = 3/(0.1s+1), Load variable = 1,
process = 2/[(2s+1)(10s+1)] and there is no time lag in the measuring element. Draw the
block diagram and write the closed transfer function for servo operation. [16]

5.a) Test the stability of the system whose characteristic equation is given by
s5 + 2s4 + 5s3 + 10s2 + 4s + 8 = 0.
b) Explain briefly rules for plotting root locus diagram. [8+8]

6. Draw the Bode diagram for a system with the open-loop transfer function. [16]

7.a) Explain briefly Ratio control.

b) Write short notes on Process reaction curve method of controller tuning. [8+8]

8. Discuss the criteria for good control. [16]

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