Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Policy Notes
ISSN 1656-5266
PN 2015-08
Policy Notes
Region
Region I - Ilocos
Region II - Cagayan Valley
Region III - Central Luzon
Region V - Bicol
Region VI - Western Visayas
Region VII - Central Visayas
Region VIII - Eastern Visayas
Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula
Region X - Northern Mindanao
Region XI - Davao
Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN
National Capital Region
Cordillera Administrative Region
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
Region XIII - Caraga
Region IVA - CALABARZON
Region IVB - MIMAROPA
Philippines
2008
8.40
10.90
8.30
13.20
11.30
12.10
14.50
16.50
13.50
15.10
13.90
7.90
8.70
24.20
12.00
8.50
12.90
11.70
2013
(0.60)
(0.82)
(0.54)
(0.73)
(0.67)
(0.77)
(0.97)
(1.32)
(1.00)
(0.95)
(1.01)
(0.55)
(0.90)
(1.72)
(0.87)
(0.54)
(1.04)
(0.21)
5.56
4.12
5.56
5.27
2.47
4.87
4.81
5.66
5.01
4.33
7.42
3.64
7.72
16.73
4.18
3.50
5.53
5.21
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.00)
Source: Authors calculations from the Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS), Philippine Statistics Authority
(PSA)
Figure 1. Adjusted net attendance rate (ANAR) among primary and secondary school-aged
children, 20082013, by sex
PN 2015-08
Policy Notes
Table 2. School attendance rates (in %) of preprimary school-aged children in 2008 and 2013, by level
of education of household head and by per capita income quintile
Lowest
At most preprimary
Some primary
Some secondary
Beyond secondary
Philippines
21.1
43.8
54.9
71.8
47.2
2008
Per Capita Income Quintile
Lower Middle Upper Richest
Middle
Middle
All
Quintiles
Lowest
35.9
54.6
62.5
67.4
58.6
21.1
43.8
54.9
71.8
47.2
82.9
91.5
94.7
96.3
92.2
PN 2015-08
Policy Notes
30.5*
64.2
74
77.2
70.9
100
83.3
80.6
83.7
82.1
100.0*
81.4
90.5
94
92
2013
Per Capita Income Quintile
Lower Middle Upper Richest
Middle
Middle
All
Quintiles
86
93
95.2
99.1
94.1
84.5
92.8
96
97.7
94.8
86.9
94
96
94.4
94.9
90.7
95.8
97.5
97.9
97.2
0
94.6
98
98.9
98.3
Primary school
Secondary school
2008
2009
2010
2013
75.39
79.73
74.38
78.44
74.23
79.43
78.48
80.58
Policy Notes
Policy Notes
Without a doubt, the picture of basic education in the country has improved since 2010 when
research for the OOSC report began. The incidence of OOSC has declined, gaps in school attendance
between the rich and poor have narrowed, and shortages in inputs have been reduced substantially,
to the credit of the government that made substantial investments in social programs. All of these
were accomplished as a result and in spite of renewed demands on the system introduced by the
adoption of a new curriculum that added a mandatory kindergarten year and two more years of
high school.
these have been existing for several years
and the gains have not been large enough.
The national governments CCT has the best
chance of improving school attendance
among older children since often the
imperative to pull them out of school is the
households need for additional income.
Differentiated cash support for boys and
girls will be required, in recognition of the
higher opportunity costs for boys to stay in
school. Any program to improve retention
rates must also be aided by robust and
reliable student tracking systems, a data
need that should be aggressively pursued
and sustained by the DepED.
Without a doubt, the picture of basic
education in the country has improved since
2010 when research for the OOSC report
began. The incidence of OOSC has declined,
gaps in school attendance between the rich
and poor have narrowed, and shortages in
inputs have been reduced substantially, to
the credit of the government that made
substantial investments in social programs.
All of these were accomplished as a result
and in spite of renewed demands on the
system introduced by the adoption of a new
curriculum that added a mandatory
Policy Notes
PN 2015-08
Policy Notes