Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Table of Contents
:3
: 10
: 12
: 14
: 16
: 21
: 27
: 29
: 40
: 60
: 66
: 78
: 87
: 95
: 110
: 126
: 146
Table of Contents
: 158
: 166
: 174
: 178
: 203
: 219
: 223
: 228
: 241
: 254
: 275
: 289
: 300
: 311
Mini Total
Compact
Compact Total
Super Compact
Player
Tata Motors
General Motors India Ltd.
Hyundai Motors India Ltd.
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd.
Fiat India Ltd.
Ford India Ltd.
General Motors India Ltd.
Honda SIEL Cars India Ltd.
Hyundai Motors India Ltd.
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd.
Nissan Motor India Pvt. Ltd.
Renault
Skoda Auto India Pvt. Ltd
Tata Motors
Toyota Kirloskar Motor Ltd.
Volkswagen
Hyundai Motors India Ltd.
Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd.
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd.
Toyota Kirloskar Motor Ltd.
Volkswagen
2010-11
70,432
70,432
34,603
82,971
573,238
690,812
11,760
78,116
37,218
4,862
240,567
261,799
12,315
11,078
142,684
28,904
829,303
15,404
10,009
107,955
8,101
398
2011-12
74,527
74,527
23,184
127,441
491,389
642,014
11,415
70,052
51,597
14,635
201,133
235,754
18,633
1,993
14,936
163,174
31,761
39,465
854,548
8,839
17,839
110,132
50,157
59
2012-13
53,848
53,848
7,790
132,665
429,569
570,024
5,432
60,964
50,494
41,350
184,297
255,302
11,449
5,588
3,343
113,271
27,596
36,847
795,933
2,931
15,348
169,571
38,655
1
Player
2011-12
2012-13
141,867
187,026
226,506
17,279
3,586
7,040
46,631
20,371
1,325
2,852
35,906
14,807
4,877
3,414
30,530
19,695
49,557
58,063
23,317
17,997
6,707
14,161
8,852
23,998
5,630
19,979
Tata Motors
42,588
20,265
7,573
Volkswagen
18,380
34,067
24,585
178,516
707
1,105
1,278
9,352
11,512
165
5,012
2
138
6,598
10,707
205,353
344
435
567
4,245
10,743
102
2,296
458
1,308
5,466
8,904
200,163
1,501
4,059
71
685
4,556
188
1,669
2,709
5,348
Mid-Size Total
Executive
2010-11
Audi
BMW India Pvt. Ltd.
Daimlerchrysler India Ltd.
Fiat India Ltd.
General Motors India Ltd.
Hindustan Motors
Honda SIEL Cars India Ltd.
Hyundai Motors India Ltd.
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd.
Renault
Skoda Auto India Pvt. Ltd
Toyota Kirloskar Motor Ltd.
Player
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
49,797
37,974
23,696
488
96
1,080
528
1,078
308
2,446
1,271
617
265
198
339
242
171
57
4,017
3,080
1,910
417
147
401
Volkswagen
662
1,562
1,034
10,695
7,361
4,358
5,777
6,901
249
8,216
6,129
272
6,452
5,006
Tata Motors
1,243
Volkswagen
42
Tata-JLR
796
354
Volkswagen-Porsche
220
Executive Total
Premium
Audi
Premium Total
Luxury
Audi
Player
Luxury Total
Coupe
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
568
21,248
19,855
5
50
8
7
103
25
10
168
46
2
2
1,972,158
2,030,099
1,894,383
Audi
BMW India Pvt. Ltd.
Daimlerchrysler India Ltd.
Nissan Motor India Pvt. Ltd.
Coupe Total
Exotics
Exotics Total
Grand Total
Note:
1) Numbers for Audi, BMW and Mercedes are available only from April to September for the years 2010-11 & 2011-12
2) Totals will not match SIAM numbers on account of restatement of data by SIAM
3) Since SIAM has reclassified figures from April 2011 onwards, previous years figures in the new classification is not
available
Player
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd
Tata Motors Ltd.
A2: Compact
Fiat India Ltd.
Ford India Ltd.
General Motors India Ltd.
Honda SIEL Cars India Ltd.
Hyundai Motors India Ltd.
Nissan Motors Ltd
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd
Skoda Auto India Pvt. Ltd
Tata Motors Ltd.
Volkswagen India Pvt Ltd
A3: Mid-size
Audi India Ltd
BMW India Pvt. Ltd.
Fiat India Ltd.
Ford India Ltd.
General Motors India Ltd.
Hindustan Motors Ltd
Honda SIEL Cars India Ltd.
Hyundai Motors India Ltd.
Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd.
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd
Nissan Motors Ltd
Skoda Auto India Pvt Ltd
Tata Motors Ltd.
Toyota Kirloskar Motor Ltd
Volkswagen India Pvt Ltd
2006-07
79,245
79,245
752,916
1,614
2,399
163,838
440,375
144,690
197,064
584
39,822
10,726
12,481
40,464
28,980
29,697
34310
-
2007-08
69,553
69,553
858,801
3,356
1,636
33,583
182,775
499,280
2,658
135,513
225,614
81
29,333
5,624
11,005
40,521
32,791
25,891
49,335
31033
-
2008-09
2009-10
49,383
63,378
49,383
33,028
30,350
885,639
1,128,977
3,544
13,676
1,929
7,825
39,715
61,022
7,541
212,001
284,109
633,190
511,396
5,801
6,501
111,253
114,415
698
241,683
276,294
46
23,267
26,499
3,004
3,793
7,098
9,037
38,215
45,028
31,579
30,418
13,423
5,332
75,928
99,315
49169
56634
192
Player
Audi India
BMW India Pvt. Ltd.
Fiat India Ltd.
General Motors India Ltd.
Honda SIEL Cars India Ltd.
Hyundai Motors India Ltd.
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd
Mercedes-Benz India Pvt Ltd
Skoda Auto India Pvt. Ltd
Toyota Kirloskar Motor Ltd.
Volkswagen Group Sales India
A5: Premium
Audi India Ltd
BMW India Pvt Ltd
Honda SIEL Cars India Ltd.
Hyundai Motors India Ltd.
Mercedes-Benz India Pvt Ltd
Nissan Motor India Pvt. Ltd.
Skoda Auto India Pvt. Ltd
Toyota Kirloskar Motor Ltd.
Volkswagen Group Sales India
A6: Luxury
Audi India
BMW India Pvt. Ltd.
Mercedes-Benz India Pvt Ltd
Volkswagen India Pvt Ltd
2006-07
40,964
3,861
16,261
1,482
868
11,709
6,783
5,970
2,727
570
937
735
1,001
249
249
-
2007-08
42,185
901
6,058
16,723
203
1,153
10,943
6,204
6,130
850
2,129
538
1,034
586
993
819
297
522
-
2008-09
2009-10
33,638
46,437
293
1,075
1,517
4,509
11,128
3,204
5,821
7,851
5,985
19
1,531
1,675
7,380
7,831
8,069
9,743
2,444
9,039
11,898
671
1,202
1,388
1,509
4,107
2,775
431
440
1,160
1,438
56
207
713
3,170
513
397
760
1,092
1,353
333
466
279
389
480
498
-
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
1,220,474
1,526,259
1,972,158
2,030,099
1,894,383
Audi
1,004
1,532
1,205
6,225
6,901
2,742
3,461
2,484
9,186
6,129
3,171
3,611
2,731
7,354
5,006
8,053
24,806
21,112
15,660
6,933
25,196
45,923
34,290
70,636
95,395
86,919
90,423
86,849
75,771
67,220
7,098
9,038
7,205
2,954
3,485
50,173
244,030
61,329
314,967
58,951
358,904
54,108
387,168
73,182
382,851
13,423
5,332
10,009
17,839
15,348
636,707
56
765,526
126
966,447
12,567
855,730
32,971
861,337
35,504
3,301
12,887
13,894
160,422
17,502
201,399
21,693
255,704
32,334
257,966
27,941
175,935
8,582
10,140
19,225
90,969
72,000
Volkswagen
2,564
51,607
78,266
65,379
Tata-JLR
Volkswagen-Porsche
Note:
796
-
354
220
Renault
Skoda Auto India Pvt. Ltd
Tata Motors
Toyota Kirloskar Motor Ltd.
1) Numbers for Audi, BMW and Mercedes are available only from April to September for the years 2010-11 and
2011-12
2) Totals will not match SIAM numbers on account of restatement of data by SIAM
2011-12
100.0
0.3
0.5
0.4
0.8
4.5
4.3
0.1
2.7
19.1
0.9
42.2
1.6
0.2
1.6
12.7
4.5
3.9
0.0
-
2012-13
100.0
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.4
4.0
3.5
0.2
3.9
20.2
0.8
45.5
1.9
0.7
1.5
9.3
3.8
3.5
0.0
0.0
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
331,820
422,826
529,774
599,512
790,958
687
387
296
480
190
462
44
149
197
130
5,063
5,917
3,667
5,234
4,562
2,780
2,597
3,142
2,242
1,454
15,603
16,458
20,067
23,201
20,930
Hindustan Motors
2,095
1,676
2,569
1,969
2,104
2,246
474
512
312
301
50
14
462
1,611
760
3,489
847
652
483
260
106,379
150,627
171,304
227,861
295,363
85,405
105,257
166,292
150,586
189,709
10
180
460
290
1,451
Renault
365
39,576
1,278
1,755
1,126
Tata Motors
70,050
84,447
93,429
113,384
139,772
38,310
53,703
64,863
69,234
93,504
86
Audi
BMW India Pvt. Ltd.
Daimlerchrysler India Ltd.
Volkswagen
Model
Q5
Q7
2008-09
390
107
76
277
127
149
107
12
137
5,266
5,959
2010-11
1,156
616
540
985
542
17
243
183
685
3
239
405
38
8,849
581
4,685
2,780
2,780
15,604
2,134
13,470
41
5,918
2,598
2,598
16,458
1,124
15,334
8,849
3,142
3,142
20,063
1,732
18,331
390
296
97
199
2009-10
649
195
454
480
2011-12
943
554
389
2,039
1,816
73
83
67
343
59
55
223
6
8,487
289
798
7,400
2,242
2,242
23,217
1,125
22,092
2012-13
10,201
907
9,294
1,454
1,454
20,930
477
20,453
Model
Hindustan Motors
Montero
Outlander
Pajero
Honda SIEL Cars India Ltd.
CR-V
Hyundai Motors India Ltd.
Santa Fe
Tuscon
International Cars Ltd.
Rhino
Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd.
Bolero
Scorpio
XUV5oo
Xylo
Quanto
Rexton
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd.
Ertiga
Gypsy
Versa
Vitara
1,711
56
412
1,243
474
474
14
2,581
69
1,253
1,259
516
516
467
467
50
14
3,487
1,011
564
3,487
1,011
564
93,165 139,704 158,626
55,924 73,824 83,130
29,995 36,973 43,439
7,246 28,907 32,057
8,929
3,983
5,666
7,219
3,841
5,570
1,440
51
8
270
91
88
1,977
1,958
86
15
320
80
1,571
1,863
319
301
319
301
1,611
760
1,611
760
337
50
337
50
193,292 256,535
100,797 117,665
50,985 50,168
13,819 45,418
27,691 25,067
- 16,434
1,783
6,525 79,192
1,117 76,375
5,381
2,804
27
13
Model
Nissan
X-Trail
Evalia
2008-09
111
111
64
64
41,681
14,762
24,465
2,454
38,310
38,201
109
12
12
2009-10
212
212
64
64
35,526
10,482
23,049
1,995
53,703
6,280
47,294
66
63
91
91
2010-11
479
479
113
113
1,278
1,278
43,682
1,421
16,170
24,002
2,089
64,863
11,996
52,588
43
236
3
3
2011-12
290
290
207
207
367
367
1,755
1,755
48,284
3,890
16,066
27,819
421
88
69,234
11,538
57,543
44
109
6
6
2012-13
1,443
49
1,394
39,576
388
39,188
1,052
1,052
44,439
838
13,001
30,600
93,504
16,279
77,062
94
69
88
88
Model
XC60
XC90
2008-09
41
2009-10
56
41
214,592
76,508
56
262,842
101,274
8,601
92,673
49,012
49,012
413,128
76,508
28,659
28,659
319,759
2010-11
133
82
51
313,851
160,626
68,329
92,297
51,755
704
51,051
956
956
237
237
527,425
2011-12
96
57
39
361,571
144,061
59,537
84,524
64,909
7,969
56,940
25,644
748
24,896
147
147
596,332
2012-13
119
84
35
551,602
110,517
40,563
69,954
95,333
2,981
92,352
31,437
9,124
22,313
12
12
788,901
Cars-modelwise-sales
Model
Segment
A4
A6
A7
A8
R8
RS5
TT
Executive
Premium
Premium
Luxury
Coupe
Coupe
Coupe
3 Series
5 Series
6 Series
7 Series
GT
Z4
Executive
Premium
Coupe
Luxury
Coupe
Coupe
Compact
Compact
Compact
Executive
Fiesta
Figo
Fusion
Ikon
Mondeo
Mid-Size
Compact
Mid-Size
Mid-Size
Executive
2008-09
826
437
328
40
6
15
2,742
1,075
1,352
36
279
-
2009-10
1,350
700
590
39
9
12
3,459
1,517
1,477
19
389
11
46
2010-11
1,999
1,173
755
45
17
9
6,094
2,381
2,901
14
556
165
77
2011-12
2,047
1,278
486
52
201
13
17
2,863
1,084
1,549
10
175
24
21
2012-13
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
8,067
24,609
21,067
16,073
6,920
31
3,527
4,509
25,196
15,350
2,141
7,705
-
23
342
13,116
11,128
34,325
16,254
7,316
517
10,238
-
1
183
11,896
8,987
95,395
13,812
78,116
3,467
-
36
11,696
4,341
90,506
20,454
70,052
-
2
5,425
1,493
75,771
14,807
60,964
-
Model
Aveo
Aveo - UVA
Beat
Cruze
Optra
Sail
Spark
Segment
Mid-Size
Compact
Compact
Executive
Executive
Compact
Mini
Ambassador
Evo X
Lancer
Mid-Size
Executive
Mid-Size
Accord
Brio
Civic
Honda City
Jazz
Amaze
Premium
Compact
Executive
Mid-Size
Compact
Compact
Accent
Elantra
EON
Getz
i10
i20
Santro
Sonata
Verna
Super Compact
Executive
Mini
Compact
Compact
Compact
Mini
Premium
Mid-Size
2008-09
3,010
7,299
3,204
32,528
6,562
4,992
1,570
50,180
4,105
7,852
38,223
244,031
12,234
19
9,436
106,095
4,993
91,478
431
19,345
2009-10
3,796
6,151
12,614
4,072
1,749
42,295
8,950
8,210
740
61,332
2,775
5,985
45,030
7,542
314,967
12,463
6,467
149,242
42,128
86,272
440
17,955
2010-11
3,586
3,432
34,028
9,040
2,465
34,602
7,223
6,516
707
58,951
2,446
5,012
46,631
4,862
358,893
15,404
2
62
161,860
78,645
82,971
254
19,695
2011-12
1,325
832
50,764
8,037
2,706
23,183
3,069
2,626
9
434
54,108
1,271
10,489
2,296
35,906
4,146
387,168
8,839
57,468
123,681
77,456
69,969
198
49,557
2012-13
323
458
44,169
3,994
65
10,422
7,789
3,510
3,405
105
73,202
617
32,179
685
30,550
6,619
2,552
382,851
2,931
4,556
88,836
92,897
91,400
43,829
339
58,063
Model
Segment
Alto
A-Star
Baleno
Dzire
Esteem
Estilo
Kizashi
M800
Ritz
Swift
SX4
Wagon R
Zen
Mini
Mini
Mid-Size
Super Compact
Super Compact
Compact
Executive
Mini
Compact
Compact
Mid-Size
Mini
Mini
C Class
CLS
E 250
E Class Cabrio
E Class coupe
Maybach
S Class
SL Roadster
SLK Roadster
SLS AMG
Executive
Coupe
Premium
Coupe
Coupe
Exotics
Luxury
Coupe
Coupe
Coupe
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
212,568
21,295
61,952
32,694
49,383
110,071
13,976
134,768
3,137
1,504
16
1,119
1
472
1
24
-
235,212
32,186
83,601
41,624
33,028
63,096
116,174
15,714
144,898
3,611
1,653
5
1,433
9
495
16
-
346,840
36,894
107,955
52,188
128
26,485
68,749
140,862
23,327
163,019
5,962
2,495
35
2,628
22
32
704
2
37
7
308,288
13,374
110,132
17,458
458
23,253
64,767
153,529
17,997
146,474
3,069
1,473
5
1,351
23
2
195
15
5
266,785
9,257
169,571
11,279
188
17,833
59,126
184,897
6,707
135,694
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
Model
Segment
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
Super Compact
13,422
5,332
10,008
17,895
15,348
73
73
24
9
2
13
13,894
5,798
7,382
714
160,422
111,253
49,169
-
207
207
31
11
3
9
8
17,542
6,541
7,831
3,170
201,399
114,415
56,634
30,350
12,564
10
12,315
239
53
13
8
10
22
21,693
11,078
6,598
4,017
256,202
97,845
87,925
70,432
33,015
6
18,674
14,164
171
28
2
10
9
7
3,597
1,604
1,993
32,334
14,936
5,466
8,852
3,080
257,966
105,706
77,733
74,527
35,510
11,448
23,997
65
n.a
n.a
n.a
n.a
12,887
1,669
5,588
5,630
28,656
3,509
2,850
20,274
2,023
174,692
77,945
42,899
53,848
Coupe
Compact
Mid-Size
Premium
Coupe
Coupe
Coupe
Exotics
Executive
Compact
Mid-Size
Compact
Executive
Mid-Size
Premium
Compact
Compact
Micro
Model
Segment
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
8,581
10,134
19,226
90,969
72,000
8,581
10,134
19,226
90,969
72,000
Camry
Premium
513
367
298
140
389
Corolla
Executive
8,068
9,743
10,708
8,904
5,348
Etios
Super Compact
8,101
50,157
38,655
Liva
Compact
31,761
27,596
Prius
Premium
24
119
7
12
Volkswagen India Pvt Ltd
2,212
3,988
51,605
78,275
62,459
Beetle
Super Compact
179
398
59
1
Jetta
Executive
1,639
2,443
3,221
3,106
2,898
Passat
Premium
573
668
660
1,564
1,170
Phaeton
Luxury
42
14
1
Polo
Compact
698
28,904
39,465
34,678
Vento
Mid-Size
18,380
34,067
23,711
Volvo Car India
25
60
56
112
155
S60
Executive
23
96
99
S80
Premium
25
60
33
16
56
Total
1,222,142 1,527,506 1,980,591 2,015,671 1,872,518
Notes:1) Sales numbers of Audi, BMW, Mercedes from September 2011 onwards are not
available
2) Since SIAM have stopped reporting Audi, BMW and Mercedes sales figures thus the segmental figures may have
discrepancies
between SIAM and model-wise figures. In addition to this, SIAM doesnt report Volvo Car figures which would further add
to this.
3) Yearly figures may not match Yearly figures as reported by
SIAM
na: Not Available
Passenger car_annual
Alternative fuels
Evolving technologies
Evolving technologies
Modern technology, in the form of hybrid technology, fuel cell
technology, electric vehicles etc has emerged in recent times.
Solar energy, methanol and hydrogen gas are also being
experimented as alternate fuels.
Hybrid technology
Hybrid vehicles run on at least two sources of power.
While an electric motor provides one source of power, a
different technology could be used to derive the other source.
An internal combustion engine, designed to run either on
petrol or diesel, typically provides the technology to procure
power.
Hybrid technology
The term, diesel-electric hybrid, refers to a Hybrid Electric Vehicle
(HEV), that combines the power of a diesel engine with an electric
motor.
The hybrid car typically gives 1.5-2.0 times greater fuel-efficiency and
lower emission than the conventional petrol engine.
Key features of gasoline hybrid vehicle are as follows:
Engine: The petrol engine is smaller compared to the normal version,
but offers better technology to increase fuel efficiency
and reduce emission.
Fuel tank: The fuel tank is a device to store petrol used for running
the engine.
Hybrid technology
Key features of gasoline hybrid vehicle are as follows:
Electric motor: The electric motor is very sophisticated.
Advanced electronics are used, which allow it to double up as a
motor and a generator. For example, whenever needed, it can
draw
energy
from
the
batteries
to
accelerate
the
car.
Hybrid concepts
The hybrid engine runs on two concepts viz. parallel hybrid and
series hybrids:
Parallel hybrids : In a parallel hybrid concept, both the engines
(electric and gasoline) can provide power to turn on the
transmission, and the transmission powers the wheels.
Honda Insight and Toyota Prius are vehicles that run on this
concept.
Series hybrids : In a series hybrid concept, the petrol engine turns
the generator on, and the generator can either charge the batteries
or power the electric motor that drives the transmission.
Thus, the petrol engine or the electric motors can never directly
power the vehicle.
Hybrid concepts
The hybrid engine runs on two concepts viz. parallel hybrid and
series hybrids:
Globally, major players like Honda, BMW, Toyota, Kia, Range Rover, etc
are present in the hybrid vehicles segment.
Honda was the first automaker to launch a hybrid car - Civic, through its
Indian subsidiary, Honda Siel Cars India Ltd in June 2008.
However, due to weak customer response, the company discontinued
this car in April 2009.
Currently, the hybrid variant is available through imports as completely
built units (CBU).
In 2010, Toyota Kirloskar Motors also launched a hybrid car, Prius from
its global portfolio in India.
In 2012-13, the company was able to sell around 12 units of this model.
Toyota is also planning to offer a hybrid variant in its Etios model.
Hybrid concepts
The hybrid engine runs on two concepts viz. parallel hybrid and
series hybrids:
Mahindra & Mahindra (M&M) offers a micro hybrid technology,
which was developed along with auto parts maker Bosch Ltd, the
Indian arm of Germany's Bosch group.
M&M introduced this technology in its utility vehicles Scorpio,
Bolero and its latest XUV 500 , which has redefined technological
benchmarks.
M&M has sold 40,000-50,000 vehicles, since the technology was
first introduced in Scorpio in 2008.
(Micro hybrid technology automatically shuts down and restarts
the internal combustion engine to reduce the amount of time the
engine spends idling, thereby reducing fuel consumption and
emissions.
Hybrid concepts
The hybrid engine runs on two concepts viz. parallel hybrid and
series hybrids:
It shuts off the engine when a car is in its neutral gear and the
clutch is not depressed for 10-15 seconds.)
M&M is also planning to launch a complete hybrid vehicle
over the next three years.
Tata Motors Ltd too is working on a hybrid model.
The company had also showcased a diesel and electric hybrid
version of its Indigo Manza sedan at the Auto expo in January
2012.
Electric technology
Electricity can be used to power batteries and fuel cell vehicles.
Electric vehicles (EVs) use the electricity stored in a battery as fuel.
The electric motor converts electricity, usually from a battery pack
into mechanical power to turn the wheels.
However, EV batteries have limited storage capacity and must be
replenished regularly by plugging the vehicle into a recharging unit.
Compared to petrol cars, electric cars have electric motors instead of
internal combustion engines.
While internal combustion engines are powered by fuels, (diesel,
petrol etc), an electric engine receives power from a controller via
rechargeable batteries, which are powered by a common household
electric outlet.
Electric technology
An electric motor relies primarily on electromagnets.
By passing an electrical current through a wire loop, an electric
motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
This conversion takes place because the wire loop produces a
magnetic field, which then transfers energy to the shaft, turns the
loop and creates mechanical energy.
This mechanical energy is then used to propel the vehicle forward.
Currently, there are three types of electric motors to choose from,
each with its own advantages and disadvantages.
1.
Electric technology
Currently, there are three types of electric motors to choose from,
each with its own advantages and disadvantages.
2.
3.
3.
Lithium ion batteries: With the steepest price tag, these are
less common than other types of batteries. However, they also
provide superior performance and range.
Although few players like Tata Motors and General Motors India had
showcased electric variants of their small cars at the various auto expo
shows in India, they have no plans to launch it over the short to
medium term.
Electric technology
Fuel cell vehicles can be fueled with pure hydrogen gas stored
directly in the vehicle or extracted from a secondary fuel, such
as methanol, ethanol, or natural gas that carries hydrogen.
Fuel cell technology: These secondary fuels must first be converted into
hydrogen gas by an onboard device called a reformer.
Fuel cell vehicles fueled with pure hydrogen emit no pollutants; they emit
only water and heat.
Vehicles that use secondary fuels and a reformer produce only small
amounts of air pollutants.
In order to increase efficiency, fuel cell vehicles can be equipped with other
advanced technologies such as regenerative braking systems that capture
the energy lost during braking and store it in a large battery.
Tata
Motor's
research
and
development
(R&D)
car market),
During 2012, diesel models accounted for 55.2 per cent of all the new cars sold. Diesel
penetration was around 30 per cent (of the total car fleet) in the five main markets of
Europe, viz, Germany, Italy, France, UK and Spain.
In 2012, the Volkswagen Group and PSA Group remained top manufacturers and
together contributed 36.5 per cent to total passenger car sales. Renault Group and
General Motors contributed 8.2 per cent and 8 per cent, followed by Ford, BMW Group
and Daimler.
Western Europe car sales recorded all-time low in past 20 years .....
Western Europe comprises all nations from the European Union
(EU) - 15 group and countries, which have signed the European Free
Trade Agreement (EFTA) viz, Iceland, Norway and Switzerland.
In 2012, new passenger car registrations in Western Europe declined
by 8.1 per cent (y-o-y) and recorded a 20-year low.
The ongoing economic uncertainty surrounding European nations
have weakened buyer sentiments, leading to a sharp contraction in
car sales.
Even during the first half of 2013, new passenger car registrations in
Western Europe declined by 6.6 per cent (y-o-y) (from January to
June 2013).
Sales in the small and lower-medium segment together contributed to around 68.9 per cent to
total car sales in 2012, compared to 70 per cent in 2011.
During 2012, diesel models accounted for 55.2 per cent of all the new cars sold. Diesel
penetration was around 30 per cent (of the total car fleet) in the five main markets of Europe,
viz, Germany, Italy, France, UK and Spain.
China's PV sales grew by a modest 7 per cent y-o-y in 2012, which was slightly
higher than the y-o-y growth rate of 5 per cent in 2011. Growth in 2012 was
mainly driven by healthy y-o-y growth of sports utility vehicles (SUVs), followed
by a growth of 5.7 per cent in sedans.
For the first nine months of 2013, PV sales in China rose marginally y-o-y to 12.8
million, mainly due to high sales growth of utility vehicles with the revival in
demand from Japanese branded passenger cars.
Technical specifications
Technical specifications
On the technical front, Honda Amaze compares well to most
other cars in the segment and especially so with respect to
mileage and torque (diesel model).
The boot space is considerable when compared to the small
version of Swift Dzire helping it compete effectively.
However, as per several published reviews, the diesel engine
is a bit noisy.
The interiors are similar to Brio and hence may not find favour
with some buyers.
Our view
Though Amaze is a perfect competitor to Swift Dzire, we
expect it to eat into the share of Toyota Etios and M&M Verito.
Demand for Swift Dzire too will be impacted, however, to a
lesser extent due to 's superior brand Maruti positioning and
reach.
Our view
Given weak demand for Honda's petrol cars, City and Brio, we
expect that company is not likely to face significant bottlenecks
in terms of capacity in the near term.
However, with an expectation of decline in petrol prices, we
expect waiting period to prevail in the short term, should sales
of its petrol fleet recover in line with an expected recovery in
sales of petrol cars.
Honda's current installed capacity in India is currently 120,000
units.
We expect that with the current line-up of models, the
company would target sales of 3,000-3,500 units per month.
Dealer Interactions:
The company has reported wholesale sales of over 2,000 units
during March.
On an average, dealers are getting about 20 enquiries per day.
A few of them have also reported pre bookings ranging from 70100 from April 01, 2013 and are expecting a waiting period
of 15-20 days post launch.
So far, the company is estimated to have received bookings for
over 6,500 units.
About Honda
Honda Cars India Limited, a subsidiary of Honda Motor Co
Limited, Japan; first set up shop in India in 1995.
The companys product range include Honda Brio, Honda Jazz,
Honda City, Honda Civic, Honda All-New CR-V and Honda
Accord which are produced at the Greater Noida facility.
The Noida facility was set up in 1997 and has a capacity of 1.2
lakh units spread over 150 acres.
The companys second manufacturing facility is in Tapukara,
Rajasthan.
This facility is spread over 450 acres and currently has a Power
train and Press shop.
The first phase of this facility was inaugurated in September
2008.
About Honda
The company recently announced an investment of Rs 25 billion at
its Rajasthan plant to build a new assembly line of 1.2 lakh units, a
new diesel engine component forging line and a Forging plant.
The company registered an annual growth of 35 per cent by selling
an all time high volume of 73,483 units during Apr 2012 Mar 2013
as compared to 54,427 units in the corresponding period last year.
The company also exported a total volume of 2,622 units during the
fiscal year 2012-13.
The company registered these volumes through a sales and
distribution network of 150 facilities spread across 97 cities.
The network stood at 135 facilities in 83 cities in 2011-12. Honda
commands a market share 2.8 per cent in total passenger vehicle
sales.
Note: 1) The size of the bubble and numbers indicated along with model names represent
average units sold per month in 2012-13
2) For Ford EcoSport, the size of the bubble and the numbers indicated along with the model
name represent average units projected to be sold per m
3) Prices are ex-showroom Mumbai and represent prices of base/cheapest variant
About Ford
In March 2012, FIPL announced its intention to set up a second plant in
India at Sanand in Gujarat with an investment of Rs 45 billion.
The plant is expected to have an initial capacity of 240,000 cars and
270,000 engines and is likely to be operational in 2014.
By 2014, FIPL's Chennai and Sanand plants will have a combined
capacity of 440,000 cars and 610,000 engines, annually.
In 2010-11, Ford had announced that it would launch eight compact
cars in India by 2015.
Ford India is expected to launch Ford Focus 2WD and B Max by the
end of 2013-14. In 2012-13, Ford India's total domestic passenger vehicle
sales declined by 17 per cent (y-o-y).
However, FIPL's exports rose by 15 per cent y-o-y.
About Ford
Over 2007-08 to 2012-13, the company's domestic sales grew at a
CAGR of 18 per cent, while exports registered a whopping growth
of 70 per cent.
Currently, FIPL exports 40 per cent of its engine production and
25 per cent of its car production to 35 countries like South Africa,
Nepal, Mexico, Kenya, Bahrain, Angola, Bermuda, Ghana, Iraq,
Liberia, Lebanon, Malawi, Madagascar, Mauritius, Nigeria,
Senegal, Tanzania, the UAE, Zambia, Zimbabwe etc.
Its share in India's total passenger vehicle exports has increased
from 6 per cent in 2007-08 to 28 per cent in 2012-13.
Ford plans to make India its export hub and sell its vehicles in
more than 50 countries over a period of time.
Annexure
Technical specifications
Almost one out of two cars & UVs sold to run on diesel by
2015-16
Demand for diesel cars and UVs is expected to increase by a CAGR of 20
per cent to reach about 2.2 million vehicles in 2015-16 from about 0.9
million vehicles in 2010-11.
The increasing differential between the petrol and diesel prices will
drive dieselisation, taking the share of diesel models to 44-46 per cent of
total car & UV sales over the next 5 years.
Rate of dieselisation will be higher in the car segment with diesel
contributing to 38-40 per cent of domestic car sales by 2015-16 from 27
per cent at present.
In the utility vehicles segment, the share of diesel vehicles is expected to
remain constant at around 95-97 per cent, while in the C-van segment, it
is expected to increase marginally to 25-26 per cent from 24 per cent
(estimates) in 2010-11.
Almost one out of two cars & UVs sold to run on diesel by
2015-16
Petrol prices have increased by 37 per cent since its de regulation
while diesel prices have increased by around 15 per cent during
the same period.
The difference between petrol and diesel now stands at Rs 26.
Owing to the increasing differential in the prices of petrol and
diesel, the proportion of diesel car sales have gone up to nearly
30 per cent in the 2011-12 from around 26-27 per cent in 2010-11.
Simultaneously, the launch of small cars fitted with diesel
engines by the OEMs will aid the sales of diesel models.
We expect used car sales to continue to post a 22-24 per cent CAGR (volume
terms) during the next five years, touching 7-8 million units. The ratio of new to
used car sales is projected to reach 1:1.8 by 2016-17 from 1:1.3 by 2016-17.
Growth drivers
Declining holding period of new cars
In the past five years, the Indian car market has been flooded with
new models.
This has led buyers to upgrade to newer models faster, thus
pulling down the average holding period of cars from 4.5-4.7 years
in 2006-07 to around 3.9-4.1 years in 2011-12.
This has in turn translated into a higher number of used cars.
The growing presence of company-led OEMs in the used car
market will also aid lower holding periods, as these companies
push sales of newer models through exchange offers for old cars.
CRISIL Research expects the holding period to decline further to
3.4-3.6 years by 2016-17, supporting growth in used car sales.
2.
3.
Summary
Demand_domestic
Weak
Segmental outlook
Small car sales to decline for third consecutive year in 2013-14
We expect the key determinants of demand for small cars i.e.
income growth and cost of ownership, to worsen in 2013-14.
Hence, small car sales are forecast to decline by 8-10 per cent in
2012-13.
Small car sales slide for two consecutive years
Trend in UV sales
Trend in UV sales
In 2012-13, many new models were launched in the Rs 8-12 lakh
(ex-showroom) bracket.
These models garnered significant consumer interest.
Also, the launch of new models in the UV segment (priced
similarly to the SIAM's 'mid-size' segment) adversely impacted
growth in the sedan segment.
Additionally, with increasing dieselisation, consumer preference
has shifted from petrol cars to diesel cars and UVs.
Against this backdrop, the availability of a host of new models
acted as a catalyst for growth in the segment.
In 2013-14, however, we expect UV sales to decline, mainly led by
the impact of the prolonged downturn and hike in diesel prices.
Demand-exports
apart
from
improving
operating
rates
and
Realizations
2.
3.
Input costs
Margins
even
as
other
costs
increased,
it
could
not
Player-wise margins
Note: Data for industry includes Hyundai and Maruti for 2003, Hyundai, Maruti
and Honda for 2004, Hyundai, Maruti, Honda and Toyota for 2005 and H
Supply
Supply
Pace of capacity additions slowed in 2012-13
The total domestic installed car manufacturing capacities are estimated to
have increased by 13-15 per cent in 2011-12, with the top two manufacturers
- Maruti Suzuki India Ltd (MSIL) and Hyundai Motors India Ltd (HMIL) accounting for more than 50 per cent of the additions.
However, the pace of demand growth slowed in 2012-13 as labour issues
impacted planned capacity addition at market leader MSIL's Manesar plant.
Thus, in 2012-13, installed capacity is estimated to have risen by 8 per cent
with majority of the additions coming from Renault-Nissan JV, Toyota
Kirloskar Motors and Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd (M&M).
We expect installed capacities to increase by 10-11 per cent in 2013-14, with
MSIL and Ford India constituting over 90 per cent of the total expected
incremental capacities.
Note: Includes Maruti Suzuki India Limited, Hyundai Motors India Limited,
Tata Motors Limited, Ford India, Renault-Nissan JV, General Motors India, To
Regional dynamics
The Gurgaon-Manesar region in Haryana is currently the largest cluster,
accounting for about 35 per cent (2011-12) of installed car capacities.
Going forward, this cluster will continue to remain the largest base for the
Indian cars and UVs industry, considering the large expansions planned by
MSIL - the only major car maker in the state.
The overall contribution of the cluster to total capacity would continue to be
about 34 per cent by 2013-14.
Tamil Nadu-Karnataka will continue to remain the second largest supply
cluster.
The two states' share in total installed capacities will increase to 29 per cent
in 2012-13 from 25 per cent in 2011-12.
However, the share of this cluster will fall to 26 per cent in 2013-14 with an
increase in the share of other clusters.
Regional dynamics
Maharashtra accounts for 26 per cent (2012-13 of the total installed capacity
in the country.
Tata Motors and Mahindra & Mahindra are two main OEMs, with a large
share of their capacities for cars and UVs in Maharashtra.
In 2013-14, we expect the state's share in total installed capacity to decline to
24 per cent.
Gujarat currently houses 7 per cent of the industry's total capacity.
While its share may not increase in 2012-13, it will grow in 2013-14, with
significant capacities planned by Ford Motors.
Thus, by 2013-14, we forecast Gujarat to account for 11 per cent of the total
installed cars and UV capacities in the country.
We expect the share of Gujarat to increase further over the next 3-4 years as
MSIL's new capacities get commissioned.
Note: The above discount index indicates discounts offered for key models by top three
OEMs (Maruti, Hyundai and Tata Motors). These models constitute around 35-40 per cent
of sales in small car segment (excluding Nano).Discount includes cash discounts,
insurance and accessories.
Key Developments:
New models launched:
Hyundai launched two variants of its compact car Grand i10 with automatic
transmission - Grand Sportz AT and Grand Asta AT , priced at Rs 5.64 lakh
and Rs 5.92 lakh respectively (ex-showroom Delhi).
Mercedes-Bens launched a variant of luxury C-Class car Edition C , priced
at Rs. 39.16 lakh (ex-showroom Mumbai).
The new variant is equipped with 4-cylinder, 2143 cc diesel engine with 7GTronic Plus automatic transmission, has rated output of 125 kW @ 3000-4200
rpm and a rated torque of 400 Nm @ 1400-2800 rpm.
BMW India
Launched a petrol variant of BMW Z4 roadster, priced at Rs 68.9 lakh (exshowroom Mumbai).
Key Developments:
New models launched:
BMW India
Launched an updated version of 5-Series , priced between Rs. 46.9 lakh to Rs.
57.9 laks (ex-showroom Delhi).
Tata Motors launched the CNG versions of its mid-sized sedan Tata Indigo
and compact car Tata Indica under its emax series priced up to Rs 5.27 lakh
(ex-showroom Delhi).
The new Tata Indigo emax is priced between Rs. 4.99 lakh to Rs 5.27 lakh
(ex-showroom Delhi), while the new Tata Indica emax is priced between Rs
3.99 lakh and Rs 4.26 lakh (ex-showroom Delhi) respectively.
Volvo India launched upgraded variants of S60 and XC60, priced between
Rs 29.90 lakh and Rs 46.55 lakh (ex-showroom Delhi).
Key Developments:
New models launched:
General Motors India launched a new version of Chevrolet Cruze ,
priced between Rs 13.75 lakh and Rs 16.15 lakh.
Volkswagen India launched an upgraded version of its mid-size
sedan Vento TSI at Rs 9.99 lakh - (ex-showroom New Delhi).
The new mid-size sedan is powered by a 1.2 litre turbocharged petrol
engine which produces 105 ps of power and 175 Nm of torque.
Maruti
Background
Maruti Suzuki India Ltd (MSIL) is India's largest passenger
vehicles manufacturer.
As of March 2013, MSIL's manufacturing facilities are located at
Gurgaon and Manesar with total annual capacity of 1.5 million
vehicles.
MSIL is planning to expand its capacity to 1.75 million vehicles in
2013-14, owing to expansion at its Manesar plant.
The company is also expected to commission its diesel engine
plant with initial capacity to produce 150,000 units per annum.
Dealer Network
As of March 2013, MSIL had a strong network of around 1,204
sales outlets spread across 874 cities and 2,965 authorised service
stations spread over 1,423 cities.
Key models
Trend in Exports:
Forthcoming launches
Capital expenditure
In 2012-13, MSIL incurred a total capex of Rs 27 billion.
A large part of this capex was to add 250,000 units of vehicle
manufacturing capacity to its Manesar plant.
In 2013-14, the company has announced a capex of Rs 30 billion,
of which, around Rs 19 billion will be spent towards increasing
the capacity at the Manesar plant by 250,000 units, while the
balance will be spent on setting up new diesel engine capacities.
The company had also announced a capex of Rs 60 billion to set
up capacities to manufacture about 10,00,000 units per annum in
Gujarat (greenfield expansion) in 2012-13.
The company has signed an agreement with the Gujarat state
government under which, the government will allocate 500 acres
for the same.
Capital expenditure
The company is also planning to make an investment of Rs 10 billion to
build a new research and development centre at Rohtak, which is
expected to be commissioned in two phases by 2016.
Merger with Suzuki Powertrain India Limited (SPIL)
Under a scheme of amalgamation approved by the high court, Delhi,
MSIL amalgamated with itself, Suzuki Powertrain India Limited (SPIL), a
supplier to it of diesel engines and transmissions.
SPIL, which was 70 per cent owned by Suzuki Motor Corporation, Japan
and 30 per cent by MSIL, was amalgamated with the company through a
share swap.
The swap ratio was fixed at 1:70 based on the terms of the scheme.
Hyundai
Key models
Key models
In March 2013, HMIL launched a special edition of the , named ,
priced between Rs. 4.24 lakh-4.57 i10 i Tech lakh (ex-showroom
Delhi).
The model is available with engine options of 1.1 litre and 1.2 litre.
In 2013-14, HMIL plans to launch a diesel variant of the i-10 .
The company also plans to launch a new small car code-named BA
in the second quarter of 2013-14.
The new car is expected to have a 1.2-litre petrol engine (1.1-litre
diesel engine in the variant) and will compete directly with
Maruti's Swift.
In 2014-15, HMIL plans to launch four models, including a
compact sports utility vehicle (SUV), a six-seater multi-purpose
vehicle, with the HexaSpace concept.
Key models
Also expected are a sub-4 metre sedan and a compact car which will
be positioned between i-10 and i-20 .
All the above models will be jointly developed with the company's
Korean R&D team.
Domestic sales and exports
The company's domestic sales remained flat y-o-y in 2012-13
owing to weak demand.
However, exports grew by 9 per cent y-o-y, after having declined
consecutively over 2010-11 and 2011-12.
Over the past five years (2007-08 to 2012-13), however, domestic
sales as well as exports increased at a robust CAGR of 12 per cent.
Capital expenditure
In 2012-13, HMIL invested $300 million (Rs 1.6 billion) in a new
diesel-gasoline flexible engine plant, which has a capacity to
manufacture 300,000 units.
It is expected that the plant will produce 1.1-litre, 1.4-litre and 1.6litre engines, which will be used in SUV and MUV models.
The parent company, Hyundai Motor Company has invested Rs
1.84 billion to set up a 200,000 square feet R&D facility in
Hyderabad, through its fully-owned subsidiary Hyundai Motor
India Engineering.
Key developments
In May 2013, HMIL stopped the production of its sedan , as
sales declined due to non-availability Accent of diesel version
and rising competition.
HMIL hiked prices of all models (by Rs 4,201-20,878) with
effect from February 2013.
Mahindra
Background
Mahindra & Mahindra is the largest manufacturer of utility
vehicles (UVs) and tractors in India.
It also ranks second in the commercial vehicles segment, after
Tata Motors.
The company has its major manufacturing units at Nashik
(Maharashtra), Kandivali (Mumbai, Maharashtra) and Chakan
(Pune, Maharashtra).
As on March 31, 2013, the installed capacity at the plant stood at
400,000 units.
The company had a wide dealership network of 1,300 dealers
across India for all its categories of vehicles, as on March 31, 2013.
In March 2011, M&M acquired 70 per cent stake in Ssangyong
Motor Company (SMC).
Background
SMC has approved a total investment of around 500 billion
won till date, since its acquisition.
M&M is developing three new engine platforms with SMC
which are expected to be launched over the next 2 years.
In October 2012, M&M launched its first SUV Rexton with
SMC, priced at Rs 17.67 lakhs(ex-showroom Delhi).
Rexton is available in two variants RX5 and RX7, only in diesel
engines.
Key models
Exports Growth
Forthcoming Launches
Capital expenditure
In September 2013, M&M announced investments of Rs 40 billion
for setting up its new plant in India.
The location for the same will be confirmed by the end of 2013-14.
Besides this, the company also announced a capital expenditure
plan of Rs 100 billion over the next 3 years, out of which, Rs 75
billion will be used for the automobile and farm equipment
segments and the remaining Rs 25 billion will be used to launch
new models and expand capacity.
Tata motors
Tata Motors
Key indicators
Plant locations and capacity:
Tata Motors has three plants in India at Pune (Maharashtra),
Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) and Sanand (Gujarat).
The company also has research and development (R&D) centres in
Pune, Jamshedpur, Lucknow and Dharwad.
As on March 31, 2013, the total combined installed capacity of the
Company stood at 970,000 units across vehicle segments.
Dealership network:
The company has a wide dealership network of 800 dealers
across 500 locations in India, as of March 31, 2013.
These dealerships are across all categories of vehicles.
Key models
Forthcoming launches