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ME2121- Thermodynamics
Chapter 1 1/ 9
Introduction
for students who aspire to become a practicing Mechanical
Topics to be covered
Review of fundamentals, definitions etc. (Tutorial #1),,
Properties of pure substances, state diagrams, how to use steam
tables, temperature measurements and scale. (Tutorial #2)
First Law of thermodynamics, steady flow energy equations,
applications (Tutorial #3),
Second Law of Thermodynamics, statements of 2nd Law, Clausius
inequality, Clausius Clapeyron equation, entropy, entropy increase.
(Tutorial #4).
Mechanical Engineering,
NUS
ME2121- Thermodynamics
Chapter 1 2/9
Mechanical Engineering,
NUS
ME2121- Thermodynamics
Chapter 1 3/9
What is Thermodynamics?
A science that deals with the properties of matter and the
relationship between key variables -energy, heat, work,
temperature, enthalpy, entropy, etc.
Treats all matters behave in a continuum manner,
Based on simple postulates or laws, axioms for
behaviour of matters,
To quantify efficiency, useful effects (work), etc.
A tool to evaluate the viability of a machine or system
To make investment decision on the thermo-economics
of projects, eg., micro-power plants, cooling and heating
plants, aeroplanes, fleet of vehicles, etc.
Mechanical Engineering,
NUS
ME2121- Thermodynamics
Chapter 1 4 / 9
2. http://www.chem.gla.ac.uk/~alanc/de
pt/black.htm
http://www.english.upenn.edu/Projec
ts/knarf/People/rumford.html
Mechanical Engineering,
NUS
ME2121- Thermodynamics
Chapter 1 5/9
http://www.mhtl.uwaterloo.ca/courses/
me354/mayer.html
http://www.mhtl.uwaterloo.ca/courses/me
354/joule.html
Mechanical Engineering,
NUS
Sadi Carnot(1796-1832) noted for
the heat input to steam engine
and the work derived from it, laid
the foundation to 2nd Law (1824)
in the thesis, the motive of fire.
http://www.mhtl.uwaterloo.ca/courses
/me354/carnot.html
ME2121- Thermodynamics
Chapter 1 6/9
Rudolf Clausius (1822-1888) unified
the statements of 2nd Law
axioms of thermodynamics.
http://www.mhtl.uwaterloo.ca/courses/
me354/clausius.html
Mechanical Engineering,
NUS
Lord Kelvin (1824-1907) noted for the
absolute temperature scale.
Scottish Mathematician & physicist
http://www-groups.dcs.stand.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/
Thomson.html
ME2121- Thermodynamics
Chapter 1 7/9
JW Gibbs (1839-1903) noted for the
Gibbss law. First person to obtain
PhD in USA (Yale).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josiah_Willar
d_Gibbs
Mechanical Engineering,
NUS
ME2121- Thermodynamics
Chapter 1 8/9
http://www.geae.com/engines/commercial/genx/2b_fett.html
O2
H 2O
fraction of useful
wavelength effect
from incident light
photosynthesis
0.25
fraction of
absorbed light
spectrum in foilage
0. 7
0.35
0.06
chlorophyll
Plant experiments:- 3744 Cal/g or 15665 J/g of glucose
(by EC Pielou The energy of nature)
10
Kenaf plant
known as a miracle plant for CO2 capture.
11
12
Mechanical Engineering,
NUS
ME2121- Thermodynamics
Chapter 1 9/9