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ISSN 2277-7156
Review Article
Recycled fibers: An overview
Dinesh Bhatia1, Ankush Sharma2 and Urvashi Malhotra3
1,2
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2. Types of waste
2.1 Preconsumer Waste
Pre-consumer waste is a material that was discarded
before it was ready for consumer use. Pre-consumer
recycled materials can be broken down and remade into
similar or different materials, or can be sold "as is" to third
party buyers who then use those materials for consumer
products. Preconsumer textile waste usually refers to waste
by-products from fiber, yarn, textile, and apparel
manufacturing. It can be mill ends, scraps, clippings, or
goods damaged during production, and most is reclaimed
and reused as raw materials for the automotive, furniture,
mattress, coarse yarn, home furnishing, paper, and other
industries [9].
2.2 Postconsumer Waste
Postconsumer textile waste usually refers to any product
that the individual no longer needs and decides to discard
due to wear or damage and normally includes used or worn
clothing, bed linens, towels, and other consumer textiles.
Postconsumer waste which can be recovered are clothing,
drapes/curtains, towels, sheets and blankets, clean rags and
sewing remnants, table cloths belts hand bags paired shoes
and socks [10].
3. Classification of waste on the basis of production
industry:
Different types of waste produced in different types of
production industries are given in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1 Types of waste produced in different production
industries.
Production Type
Spinning waste,
yarn waste
Clothing waste
Nonwovens
production waste
Carpet mill waste
Used textiles
Types of waste
Opening Waste, Carding Waste, Sliver Waste,
Roving Waste, Combed Noil, Bonda soft waste,
Pneumafil Waste, Bonda hard waste from ring
spinning, winding and doubling.
Knitting waste fiber and yarn, Woven waste fiber
and yarn, Woven and knit cutting waste.
Thermally and chemically bonded, lightweight
webs, needled webs, coated, uncoated.
Needle felt, tufted carpet, cut waste, coated,
uncoated
Old clothing
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Geotextile nonwoven
Fineness
Strength
Length
Colour
X
X
X
X
80
Table 7.1 Industries which uses recycled fibres along with their application area
Industry
Nonwovens industry
Furniture industry
Carpet industry
Building industry
Textile industry
Agriculture industry
Paper industry
Application Area
Automobile industry: insulating webs for sound and heat insulation, hardpressed parts for floors, side and seat linings, trunk compartment, luggage dump
etc., bottom felts for carpeting, stitch-knit nonwovens (Moliwatt, Molivlies).
Mattress covers, mattress webs, bottom webs for seating in furniture, upholstery
material, wadding material.
Wiping cloths
Needled webs.
Bottom felts for carpeting
Sound and heat insulating webs, filter products, nonwoven coating substrates,
and footfall sound insulation. Textile shreds as filling material for insulating
webs, as aggregate for textile concrete in road construction.
Spinning waste, blended yarns or 100% waste yarns for spinning to the DREF
or rotor spinning process (wiping cloths, blankets, and home furnishings),
comforters made of acrylic knit goods waste.
Covering webs, seed carrier webs.
Wearing felts for paper production, Crude felts for bitumen roofing felts.
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8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
154160.
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