HISTORY

Story of Men
Male dominated story
KASAYSAYAN is better = more NEUTRAL
Focuses on the PAST
Past EVENTS
History is a STUDY (with its own Academic Methods)
History has VALUE to a group of people
History is RECORDED (should be recorded to be part of history)
Goal of history is to get as much details as possible

Types of RECORDING
1.

Written
a. Books
b. Newspapers
c. Diaries
d. Letters
2. Oral
a. Songs
b. Poems
c. Stories
3. Artifacts
a. Paintings
b. Food
c. Clothing
d. Objects
ELEMENTS of History
1. Actors (People, Animals, Places)
2. Location
3. Time
* HISTORY is the search for VALUE and MEANING *
History without VALUE is simply an EVENT
*EVENTS may come and go but HISTORY will stay FOREVER*
Types of Time
1. Linear
a. European
b. Development
c. O--------------------
2. Cycle/Cyclical
a. Asia
b. Nature
3. Rizals Timeline
a. Paradise (pre-Spanish)
b. Lost Paradise (Spanish)
c. Paradise Regained (After Spanish)

This timeline influenced Bonifacio

KKK Questions
o Pre-Spanish Philippines condition?
o Spanish Era Philippines condition?
o Kalayaan Philippines condition?

Philippine Pre-History
-

History based on NARRATIVES

o Antonio Demorga
SVCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS

People Process
-

Mainland Origin Hypothesis (China -> Philippines)

Island Origin Hypothesis (Indonesia -> Philippines)
Waves of Migration (Negrito, Indones & Malay)
Development from Within Theory

* Mode of Transportation: BALANGHAI*

Settlement Patterns of Early Communities
-

Near the Coastal Area

o Food
o Trading
o Transportation
Barangay Concept (From Balanghai)
o Datu
o Maharlika
o Timawa
o Alipin
Namamahay (Free)
Saguiguilid (Not Free)
Agriculture
o Slash and Burn (KAINGIN)
o Plating and Building Houses
Marriage
o Economy
o Family Alliance
o Peace and Security
o ASAWA vs. KAIBIGAN
o DOWRY
Bride Price
Compensate for loss of family b/c girl will move out
Namamanhikan = not a joyous event (Food to equate misery)
Investment for potential bride price of brothers
Divorce = Dowry returned
Work for family if no money
Child Marriages

Inter-barangay Marriages
Circumcision
o Economic
o Ritual of the Muslims
o Group Acceptance
Conception
o Women had to raise PIGS
o Many Children
Disgrace b/c wealth will be divided to many
o Child Naming based on difficulty of giving birth
o Child Rearing
Male = Dad trained
Female = Mom trained
Focused on Warfare

RELIGION and BELIEF SYSTEM

- Animism
o Natural Elements
o Colors of the Wind
- Babaylan
o Rituals
o Medical
- Agimat at Anting-anting
- Aswang
o Manananggal
o Tiktik
Force men to take care of pregnant wife and to keep house clean
Prevent men from going after other women at night
o Bangungot
Females protect men from bangungot
o Kapre
Misleads travelers (invert clothes)
o Duwende
Searching for riches
Most hated creature of priests
Attracted to Diwata but gets confused with normal girl
- Death and Burial
o Tree Burial
o House Burial
o Mummification
o Manuggul Jar
o Box Burial
JUDICIAL SYSTEM in the PHILIPPINES
-

Only when population gets bigger

Bigger = more complex laws
Indication of Higher authority
Indication of presence of CRIME

Types of law
1. Oral (Temporary)
2. Recorded/Nakasulat (Permanent)
Datu = Law Maker -> Umalohokan = Crier
Anito
o Reveals the Guilty
o Pagsubok
Punishment
o Turned to alipin
o Excruciating pain with no death
1. Execution
2. Beheading
3. Emotional Torture
4. Alipin

COLONIAL PERIOD
1521 Arrival of Magellan
-

Spanish Empire
West -> East Sailing
First mass in LIMASAWA
PIGAFETTA
PACTO DE SANGRE (Blood Compact)
Paved the way for arrival of the Spanish in the Philippines

1560 Expedition of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

Adelentado de Filipinas (Governor)
Cebu/Bohol: Pacto de Sangre
Luzon: Manila
Intramuros
o Political, Social, Economic and Cultural

POLITICAL
-

Pre-Spanish vs. Spanish

1. Datu
->
Cabeza de Barangay
2. Maharlika->
3. Timawa ->
Indio
4. Alipin

Ranking from Lowest Highest

1. Indio
2. Local
a. Cabeza de Barangay
b. Gobernador Cillo
3. National
a. Alcalde Mayor
b. Gobernador Heneral
4. International
a. Royal Audiencia

b. Mexico Representation
c. Council of Indies
5. King <-> Church
6. GOD
Racial Political Structure
-

Spanish/European
o Insulares
o Peninsulares
Indios
Chinese

TERMS:
1. REDUCCION
2. FIESTA
3. PLAZA COMPLEX
4. INTRAMUROS
5. PARIAN
6. BAHAY NA BATO
7. ENDOMIENDA
8. CEDULLA
9. BANDALA
10.POLO Y SERVICIO
11.GALLEON TRADE
12.BODEGUEROS
13.