Islamic Ethics 08/09/2009 22:05:00

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← Unity ( Tawhid )
←
← at the level of the Absolute, it differentiates the Creator from His
creation, requiring unconditional surrender by all to His Will (12;40)
←
← at the level of creation, it provides and integration principle.
←
← Thus, constitutes the vertical dimension, it integrates all the worldly
aspects and religious aspect of man’s life into the homogenerous whole,
which is consistent from within as well as intergrated with the vast universe
without…
←
← all creations coalesce to highlight the theomorphic character of man.
( constructs the good values of man )
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← Man united through knowledge of God and also knowledge of each
other.
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← SIGNIFICANCE
← - provides a perspective of certainty. ( an aim in life .. pleasing one
truw god
← - truth cannot fail to be found if man is guided by the One Who Knows
the entire truth.
← - the certainty strengthen the integrative force by informing it with a
sense of the mission and with the assurance of its ultimate fulfillment.
←
← EQUILIBIRIUM
←
The horizontal dimension of Islam

At the absolute level, it is the supreme attribute of God – thus its denial
constitutes a denial of God Himself.
←
←
Islamic Ethics 08/09/2009 22:05:00
← Free Will
←
← only God is absolutely free, while man is relatively free
← man is not predestined in a literal sense. < orientalist arguments why
Islam is Backwards
←
← Man has been given the faculty to think and to choose either to
become God-like of to deny God. ( choice of following or not God’s
commandments)
← Man is therefore good for the choices they make
←
← God’s given free will of man cannot be taken away from for it is a
degradation of man, and producing disequilibrium in society .. A uniformity
in thoughts and acts therefore creates a society. E.g. man as khalifah
←
← therefore, man’s freedom was resulted from mans’s acceptance. Thus
caused man to carry out the most important task in the universe.
←
← RESPONSIBILITY
←
← sets the limits to what man is free to do by making man responsible
for what he does.
←
← This is according to God’s justice.. that every individual must be held
responsible for his actions and deeds.
←
← Thus the taching of responsibility constitutes a dynamic principle in
relation to human behaviour .
←
← Men must evolve to reach perfection – no one should be chained to his
past. Because it invalidates the fatalism implied in predestination.
←
One is not held responsible for what he is forced to do, also if he forget, or
for a wrong that he may unintentionally do.
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Islamic Ethics 08/09/2009 22:05:00
← INTRODUCION
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← Abu Hamid Muhammad al Ghazali (d.505 A.H/ 1111 C.E)
←
Specializes in ethics, logic, dogmatic theology ( Ulm Kalm), Islamic
mysticism and Islamic Jurisprudence.

His works on ethics include ; mizan al amali, ihya ulum al din and al
munqidh min al dalal.

He was a stided of al-imam al haramayn al juwayni, a prominent asharite.

Sufi’s ethics :
- Emphasize the well being in the hereafter.
- determined and shaped various aspects of his moral theory thus
making
- well identified as science of the parth of the hereafter, path trodden by
the prophet and righteous ancestors
- science of practical religion. Moral principles are learnt to be applied to
daily life. It should improve the state of the soul and the well being of the
herafter.

CONCEPT OF AL_GHAZALI”S THEORY