THREE PHASE INVERTER

AIM
To simulate Three phase inverter using MATLAB Simulink model

SOFTWARE USED
MATLAB 2010
SIMULINK LIBRARY BROWSER

Item
Opening Simulink

Selecting New File

Path
1. Click on the Simulink
icon on Matlab taskbar
2. Type Simulink on
Matlab Command
Window
File -> New -> Model

Selecting DC Source

Libraries ->SimpowerSystems
-> electrical sources

Selecting IGBT

Libraries ->SimPowerSystems
->PowerElectronics ->Thyristor

Selecting Series RLC branch

Libraries ->SimpowerSystems
-> Elements

Selecting Pulse
Generater(Triggering)

Libraries -> Sources

Mux

Icon

Libraries -> Simulink

->Commonly used blocks

Voltage Measurement

Libraries ->SimpowerSystems
-> Measurement

Scope

Libraries -> Sink

THEORY
Device that converts dc input voltage to ac output voltage of desired magnitude and
frequency is called an inverter.Inverters can be classified into single phase inverters and three phase
inverters . Switching devices used in inverters uses PWM control signals for producing an ac output voltage.
If the input voltage remains constant the inverter is called a Voltage source inverter and if the input current
remains constant it is known as a Current source inverter. Three phase inverters are normally used for high
power applications. A Three phase inverter can be obtained from a configuration of six transistors and six
diodes as shown. Two types control signals can be applied to the transistors 180 conduction or 120

conduction.180 conduction conduction has better utilisation of switches and is preferredmethod. In

180conduction mode each transistor conducts for 180 and in 120conduction mode each transistor
conducts for 120
CIRCUIT

180o CONDUCTION

In 1800 conduction scheme,each device conducts for 1800. They are turned ON at regular interval of 600 in
the sequence Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4,Q5,Q6.The output terminals A B and C of this bridge are connected to the terminals
of a 3-phase star or delta connected load.
For a star connected balanced load, the operation is explained below.During the period 0 0 to 600, s1 s5 and s6
are conducting. Load terminals A and C are connected to positive terminal of the source and load terminal B
is connected to negative terminal of the source. Equivalent circuit is shown below. Resistance between
positive terminal and neutral is R/2 and between negative terminal and neutral is R.

Hence, load voltages are

VAN=V/3,
VBN=-2V/3,
VCN=V/3
Line volages are
VAB=VAN-VBN=V,

VBC=VBN-VCN=-V ,
VCA=VCN-VAN=0
Similarly other equivalent circuits and voltages can be found.
0-600 : T1,T5,T6

600-1200: T1,T2,T6

VAB=VAN-VBN=V,
VBC=VBN-VCN=-V ,
VCA=VCN-VAN=0

VAB=VAN-VBN=V,
VBC=VBN-VCN=0 ,
VCA=VCN-VAN= -V

VAN=V/3,
VBN=-2V/3,
VCN=V/3

VAN=2V/3,
VBN= -V/3,
VCN= -V/3

1200-1800: T1,T2,T3

1800-2400: T2,T3,T4

VAB=VAN-VBN=0,
VBC=VBN-VCN=V ,
VCA=VCN-VAN= -V
VAN=V/3,
VBN= V/3,
VCN= -2V/3

VAB=VAN-VBN=-V,
VBC=VBN-VCN=V ,
VCA=VCN-VAN= 0
VAN= -V/3,
VBN=2 V/3,
VCN= -V/3

2400-3000: T3,T4,T5

3000-3600: T4,T5,T6

VAB=VAN-VBN=-V,
VBC=VBN-VCN=0 ,
VCA=VCN-VAN= V

VAB=VAN-VBN=0,
VBC=VBN-VCN=-V ,
VCA=VCN-VAN= V

VAN= -2V/3,
VBN= V/3,
VCN= V/3

VAN= -V/3,
VBN=- V/3,
VCN= 2V/3

Wave forms for 180conduction mode

1200 CONDUCTION
In 1200 conduction scheme each device conducts for 1200.It is preferable for a delta connected load
because it provides a six step waveform across any phase.As each device conducts for 1200 , only two
devices are in conduction state at any instant.
During the period 00 to 600 , Q1 to Q6 are conducting. Load terminals A is connected to positive terminal and
load terminal B is connected to negative terminal of the source. Load terminal C is in floating state.
Phase Voltages=Line Voltages

VAB= V
VBC= -V/2
Vca= -V/2

Waveform for 120conduction

SETTING PULSE DELAY FOR IGBT

1. The Pulse Generator block generates square wave pulses at regular intervals. This square wave
pulses are applied to IGBT for triggering. The block's waveform parameters, Amplitude, Pulse
Width, Period, and Phase Delay, determine the shape of the output waveform.
Pulse type
The pulse type for this block: time-based or sample-based. The default is time-based.
Time
Specifies whether to use simulation time or an external signal as the source of values for the output
pulse's time variable. If you specify an external source, the block displays an input port for
connecting the source. The output pulse differs as follows:
If you select Use simulation time, the block generates an output pulse where the time variable equals
the simulation time.

If you select Use external signal, the block generates an output pulse where the time variable equals
the value from the input port, which can differ from the simulation time.
So set pulse type and time as shown in the figure.
2. Amplitude
The pulse amplitude. The default is 1.
3. Period
The pulse period specified in seconds if the pulse type is time-based or as number of sample times if
the pulse type is sample-based. The default is 10 seconds.
Here the period to be set =20 millisecond because the time period of the ac wave to be
generated = =1/frequency of ac wave =1/50=20ms ,
4.Pulse width
The duty cycle specified as the percentage of the pulse period that the signal is on if time-based or as
number of sample times if sample-based. The default is 5 percent
Here time delay is set as 33.33 %
5. Phase delay
The delay before the pulse is generated specified in seconds if the pulse type is time-based or as
number of sample times if the pulse type is sample-based. The default is 0 seconds.
Values for phase delay can be obtained as follows
20ms=3600
10=20/360
600=(20/360)*60
In the figure shown above the specifications given are for pulse generator 4

PULSE GENERATOR

DELAY IN DEGREE

DELAY IN MILLISECONDS

Pulse generator 1

60

3.33ms

120

6.66ms

180

10ms

240

13.33ms

300

16.66ms

Pulse generator 2
Pulse generator 3
Pulse generator 4
Pulse generator 5
Pulse generator 6

6. Sample time
The length of the sample time for this block in seconds. This parameter appears only if the block's
pulse type is sample-based.
7. Interpret vector parameters as 1-D
If you select this check box and the other parameters are one-row or one-column matrices, after
scalar expansion, the block outputs a 1-D signal (vector). Otherwise the output dimensionality is the
same as that of the other parameters.
RESULT:
The simulation of 3-phase ac inverter was done using matlab and obtained the output waveforms .