Microsystem Applications

Heikki Koivo

Microsystem Applications

Automobiles
Airplanes
Wireless communications
Hard disk drives
Electronic paper
Chemical microplant
Intelligent clothes
Biomedical applications

Microsystems
in automobiles

Microsystems in automobiles

Airbag control
Control in active suspension
ABS
Micromechanical gyroscopes
Handling of car, GPS systems

Pressure sensors for optimizing fuel consumption

Fluid delivery in engines

Capacitive Microsensors
VTI Hamlin in Finland
Acceleration
Front and side airbag sensing

Vibration
Rough road detection

Inclination
Vehicle stability
Angular rate
Vehicle dynamics and
stability

Pressure
Engine management

ESP = Electronic Stabilization Program

Mercedes Benz A

ILTA-SANOMAT
25.2.2000

1. Hydraulic unit
for springs
5. Sensor for
detecting angular
acceleration
7. ESP control unit

Intelligent tire (Bluetooth +

wireless)
Measures pressure and
temperature

Intelligent tire (Bluetooth +wireless)

Remember Firestone story year 2000

Microsystems in airplanes UCLA, C-M Ho

Microsystems in airplanes UCLA, C-M Ho

Wireless Communication

Hard disk drives:

Read-write head

Smart labels

Smart pen and

electronic paper

Magnetostrictive material (MSM)

Application idea of
MSM material
New sowing machine

Chemical microplant

Chemical analysis system

(Micro TAS)

Service and Maintenance

Distributed
microsensors /
microsensor arrays in
the process
Mobile micro
inspection robots

Service and Maintenance

Gastroscope, size 11x30mm
to be swallowed
coulor video camera
light source
power
wireless communication
sensors

Intelligent clothes
(Wearable computing)
Emergency call
Includes sensing and
wireless phone

Personal Helthcare
Systems
Wearable computing
Wrist- ware devices
Automatic alarming in

emergency situations
Consists of several microsensors,

e.g. for temperature, pulse, mobile

activity, etc.
. g. a Finnish company

International Security Technology

Microchip helps paralyzed walk

ILTALEHTI
20.3.2000

Drug delivery
To release drugs in a
predetermined order
Dozens of tiny 25 nl
containers are filled with
drug
Chloride ions react with
the gold membrane when
a small charge is applied
to a reservoir

Electrophoresis chip for DNA separation

Senturia

Future microsystem products

Future microsystem products in healthcare

Smart labels
Radio frequency identification and its applications

Outline
Smart label
RFID-technique

Characteristics of tags
Frequencies

Applications
Summary

Smart label
Smart label is a flat and disposable
identification tag, from which
information can be read and to
which information can be written
with electromagnetic radiation

Smart label

Uses RFID technique

Does not need line of sight contact
Even kilobits of memory
Tags content may be altered
Endures hard environment

RFID-tag suitable for mass usage

Smart label vs. normal RFID

RFID-tag Smart label
Many applications
$4 - $150
3 21 mm
Demanding
applications
Difficult to integrate

Disposable
50 $1
0.1 0.5 mm
Replaces bar code
Easy to integrate

RFID system

Reader
Antenna, connection to master
Tag (transponder, memory)
Antenna, microchip, memory

power

Reader

c
data

RFID technique

Inductive coupling, a loosely

connected transformer
Near field reading distance < 1 m
Windings act as antennas

RFID-tag characteristics

Passive

Active

No battery power from readers signal

Battery makes the reading distance longer

Read Only vs. Read/Write

Memory from 80 bits to 2 kbits
Several tags can be read simultaneously
(anti-collision)

RFID-tag characteristics

Longlasting
Without battery 10 20 years
With battery 2 4 years

Individual identification number

32 64 bits
Difficult to copy

Safety and encrypting

Fast reading speed ~100 kilobauds

Effects of frequencies

LF below 150 kHz UHF 868 920 MHz

HF 13,56 MHz
Microwave 2,56 GHz

Most common

Future direction

HF 13,56 MHz Microwave 2,56 GHz

Near field Far field
Complicated structure Simple structure
Reading distance ~1 m Reading distance 3 6 m
Symmetric reading area Oriented reading area
Little restirctions on power Restricted to 10 mW 1000 mW
Effect of surface material small Effect of surface material large

Applications

Logistics

Tag to product
Follow-up, updating, search
Can read from distance of 1 m or 6 m

Library, or other product management

Each book has own id difficult to change

Information can be saved into books

Applications

Identification of luggage
Millions lost / deliverd late luggage
The final destination of luggage is
written on tags sorting, checking at
the airplane

Follow-up of mail packages

Information can be read on conveyor

belt

Applications

Proof of originality
Tags have individual protected id
Embedded in a product
In ink jet printers to certify the correct
ink

Passage control
Replaces magnet cards
Skiing lifts

Applications

Food packages
Microsensors save information on tags
Information can be read from tags

Summary
Smart labels are cheap and
disposable and will replace bar codes
Bring many advantages

No visual contact needed

Memory included
Writng

Applications are numerous