NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

INTRODUCTION
DEVELOPMENT PLANS

WHAT ARE DEVELOPMENT PLANS

IN MALAYSIA?

FIRST MALAYA PLAN ( 1956-1960)

SECOND
FIRST MALAYSIAN PLAN
SECOND
THIRD-SEVENTH

NEW ECONOMY POLICY

It was launched in 1970.

Aims;
To eradicate poverty
To restructure social
development.

First Malaya Plan (1956-1960)

- First Malaya Plan (1956-1960)

It had the aim to develop the rural
sector in reducing the income gap
between the rural and urban areas
and to reduce poverty rate

Second Malaya Plan (1961-1965)

It showed an improvement in managing

development by employing two major
strategies. First is the involvement of the
people in the planning and implementing
process. Second, planning of
development programs by the
government was based on needs of the
people at that particular place. At each
district, operation rooms were set up and
the district officer was responsible in
supervising implementation of the
programs.

First Malaysian Plan (1966-1970)

This plan gave attention to economic

growth of the country. It also gave
attention to national integration between
the states due to the inclusion of Sabah
and Sarawak in Malaysia. However the
socioeconomic imbalance between
communities and areas was still not well
addressed, which gave effect to political
and social stability. This was evident in
the 13th May 1969 incident.

NEP

- In 1970, the New Economic

Policy (NEP) was launched. It had
two major aims, i.e. poverty
eradication and social restructuring.
Some of its major strategies were:

What are their major strategies?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

F.

Increase productivity
Create more job
Improve infrastructures
Improve public services
Encourage all races.
Modernize rural area.

How long does NEP involved?

20 years ( 1970-1990)

NEP was replaced by NDP in 1991.

NDP plans:
Sixth Malaysian Plan.
Seventh Malaysian Plan.

NDP

- Under the NDP, several aims

were identified based on the
experience of NEP:
a) more attention was given to
eradicate poverty among the hard
core poor.

VISION 2020

Wawasan 2020 or Vision 2020 is

a Malaysian ideal introduced by the
former Prime Minister of Malaysia,
Tun Mahathir bin Mohamad during
the tabling of the Sixth Malaysia
Plan in 1991.

Vision 2020 9 challenges

Challenge 1: Establishing a united

Malaysian nation made up of one
Bangsa Malaysia (Malaysian Race).
Challenge 2: Creating a
psychologically liberated, secure
and developed Malaysian society.
Challenge 3: Fostering and
developing a mature democratic
society.
Challenge 4: Establishing a fully
moral and ethical society.

9 challenges

Challenge 5: Establishing a
matured liberal and tolerant society.
Challenge 6: Establishing a
scientific and progressive society.
Challenge 7: Establishing a fully
caring society.

9 challenges

Challenge 8: Ensuring an
economically just society, in which
there is a fair and equitable
distribution of the wealth of the
nation.
Challenge 9: Establishing a
prosperous society with an economy
that is fully competitive, dynamic,
robust and resilient.

VISION 2020

But still, we have to protect our

articles of the constitution:
152: Malay language as official
language
153: Specialty to the Bumiputera.

VISION 2020

Another great example is SMART

SCHOOL: Some schools are chosen
by the government to create the
most up to date atmosphere of
teaching and learning and to
produce young dynamic Malaysian
adapted to norms and values.

The Association of Southeast

Asian Nations ( ASEAN)

formed on 8 August 1967

through the Declaration of
Bangkok
Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines,
Singapore and Thailand. Since then,
membership has expanded to
include Brunei, Burma (Myanmar),
Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam

ASEAN

-The main objective is to promote

economic cooperation among
member states.
- Malaysia gets involved in many
foreign policies besides ASEAN.
Malaysia had joint commonwealth,
international trade and security as
well as co orperation with US,
Europe and China

National Integrity Plan

It aims to cultivate and

strengthen a way of life for
members of the society and
upholds high moral ideals and
ethical standards, thus
becoming a nation of integrity.

NIP

National Integration is a
process of uniting various groups in
the society through common
identity by putting aside major
differences but at the same time
not ignoring the original identity of
each group.

NIP

Do not PREJUDICE !
The attitude towards other ethnic
group based on common
generalisation (stereotype) and not
based on concrete evidence which
involves pre-judgement and bad
judgement. It will badly affect the
racial relations in Malaysia.

Segregation - Accommodation Acculturation - Assimilation Amalgamation

All the five stages above portray

how minority groups have become
part of the main stream in the
society.

Characteristic of a plural society

means:

Multi racial and there are cultural

differences among the people.
These ethnic groups are involved in
different forms of economic
activities during British colonisation
era.
The Malay society represents the
single largest ethnic group in terms
of size.
Every ethnic group consist of subethnic group.

WHO ARE THEY?

Originating from the Punjab region.

Serve as policemen for the British
Straits Settlement communities and
as night watchmen for industries.
Also worked as police, railway
station officers and security guard.

Multi Racial Ethnics in Malaysia

As multi racial ethnics, we are very

tolerance towards ethnicity, culture,
food, language and cultures and
festivals.

Malaysia foreign policies

The basic objective of Malaysias

foreign policy is to protect
national interest at international
level.

MALAYSIAN FOREIGN POLICY

We get involved in:
Involvement in Commonwealth.
Cooperation with major powers
such as US, Europe and China.
International trade.
International security.