CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

CAREGIVER

STROKE
PATIENT

HUSSERLIAN PHENOMENOLOGY

COLAZZIS METHOD OF DATA

ANALYSIS

THEMES

Figure I. The Conceptual Framework adapted from

Dorothea Orems Self Care Theory

Theoretical Background

The purpose of Dorothea Orems Self Care Model is to allow individuals and their
families to maintain control of their healthcare. Self-care Deficit is the key to Orems
Self-Care Model because it identifies when and how much a nurse is needed in the care
of the patient. Nursing care is needed if there is a problem that prevents a person from
reaching their optimal health. The Compensatory system is when the nurse provides
total care for the patient. This patient cannot do anything for themselves but not limited
to activities of daily living and ambulation. This patient is totally dependent of the nurse
for survival, such as a stroke patient. The Partial Compensatory system, nurse must
assist in the care of the patient but the patient and family can assist as well. The patient
will be able to resume their own care when they are better but need the assistance and
education a nurse can provide at this time. The Educative-developmental system, the
patient has primary control over their health. The nurse assists with education and
promoting safe health practices. The patient who has high cholesterol may fit into this
category, diet, exercise regimen and medication is important education for this patient.
The nurse would teach the patient how to properly maintain good health practices.

Orem noted that it was the inability of persons to maintain a continuous basis
their own care or the care of dependence. From this she began the process of
formalizing knowledge about what person need to do or have done for themselves to
maintain health and well-being. The theory of self-care describes what a person
requires and what action needs to be taken to meet those requirements. The theory of

self-care deficits describe the limitation in meeting the requirements for ongoing and
effects these have on health and well-being of the person or dependent. The theory of
nursing systems provides the structure for examining the actions and antecedent
knowledge required to assist the person. These theories are also descriptive of
situations involving families and communities.

Orem believes there are three components to the Self-care nursing model, the
compensatory system, the

partial

compensatory system

and

the

educative-

developmental system. The Compensatory system is when the nurse provides total
care for the patient. This patient cannot do anything for themselves including but not
limited to activities of daily living and ambulation. This patient is totally dependent of the
nurse for survival, such as an acute Stroke patient. The second of Orems systems is
the Partial Compensatory. The nurse must assist in the care of the patient but the
patient and family can assist as well. The third of Orems systems is the Educativedevelopmental system. The patient has primary control over their health, the nurse
assists with education and promoting safe health practices. The patient who has high
cholesterol may fit into this category, diet, exercise regimen and medication is important
education for this patient. The nurse would teach the patient how to properly maintain
good health practices.

In this theory, the three components of self- care theory are the ways on the
caregiver render care of the daily activities of the post stroke patient. Moreover, this
theory signifies that all patients want to care for themselves, and they are able to
recover more quickly and holistically by performing their own self-care as much as
theyre able. This theory is particularly used in rehabilitation and primary care or other
settings in which patients are encouraged to be independent.

Though this theory greatly influences every patients independence, the

definition of self-care cannot be directly applied to those who needs complete care or
assistance with self-care activities such as the infants and the aged.
As student investigators, we can incorporate this theory to our research
because we want to explore and describe the feelings of the human experiences of
caregivers taking care of patients with stroke. We want to know the facts of how a
caregiver implement his/her care for his patient. It is very important because as nurses,
we are the primary caregivers of our patients. It is applicable to any of the patients
significant others to know what should be the proper actions.