Types of Pipes

1. PVC (Polyvinyl
Chloride)

2.CPVC (Chlorin
ated Polyvinyl
Chloride)

3. PEX (Crosslinked
polyethylene or
XLPEl)

Definition
Made from a
plastic
and vinyl combi
nation material.
The pipes are
durable, hard to
damage, and
long lasting.
They do
not rust, rot, or
wear over time.
For that reason,
PVC piping is
most commonly
used in water
systems,
underground
wiring, and
sewer lines.
CPVC pipe is
produced from
a specialty
blend of CPVC
material with
unique
physical
properties
desirable for
piping
applications
One of the
most flexible
and easy to
use plumbing
and radiant
heating
systems on the
market today.

Use/s
It is most
commonly used
for irrigation
piping, home, and
building supply
piping. PVC is also
very common in
pool and spa
systems. PVC is
often white but it
can also come in a
wide variety of
colors.

This type of pipe

can stand
temperatures up
to about 180
degrees (this
depends on the
schedule) or so
and can be used
for hot and cold
water inside of a
house or mobile
home.
It is commonly
used for hot and
cold water in
homes and as
hydronic heating
due to its
resistance to hot
and cold
temperatures. PEX
is widely used now
for its competitive
pricing, ease of
use, and the long

Drawing/ Illustrations

rolls of piping that

it can come in.

4. Copper Pipe

Copper pipe is
almost pure
copper
manufactured
to the
requirements
of ASTM B 42

This type of pipe is

mostly used for
hot and cold water
distribution as well
as being regularly
used in HVAC
systems for
refrigerant lines.
Copper piping
works in both
underground and
aboveground
applications, but
copper can be
affected by some
soils and should
be sleeved if used
underground.

5. Galvanized
pipe

Galvanized
pipe has been
coated with a
layer of zinc.
The zinc
provides a
barrier against
corrosion so
that the pipe
may be
exposed to the
outdoor
environmental
elements. The
protective
barrier proves
equally
effective
against
damage from
indoor
humidity.

Moment of Inertia
Moment of inertia can be expressed as
I = (do4 - di4) / 64
0.0491 (do4 - di4)
(1)
where
I = moment of inertia (in4)
do = outside diameter (in)
di = inside diameter (in)

This galvanized
coating keeps the
water from eating
up the pipe.
Because of the
amount of work
that goes into
cutting, threading,
and
installing galvaniz
ed pipe it is not
used in homes
very often any
more. Galvanized
pipe is still
considered a safe
transport for
drinking water and
is still seen in
larger commercial
applications for
water distribution

Section Modulus
Section modulus can be expressed as
Z = 0.0982 (do4 - di4) / do
(2)
where
Z = section modulus (in3)

Transverse Metal Area

Transverse metal area can be expressed as

Am = (do2 - di2) / 4
(3)
where
Am = transverse metal area (in2)

External Pipe Surface

External pipe or tube surface per ft of length can
be expressed as
Ao = do / 12
(4)
Where Ao = external pipe surface area (ft2 per ft
pipe)

Internal Pipe Surface

Internal pipe or tube surface per ft of length can
be expressed as
Ai = di / 12
(5)
where
Ai = internal pipe surface area (ft2 per ft pipe)

Transverse Internal Area

Transverse internal area can be expressed as
Aa = 0.7854 di2
(6)
where
Aa = transverse internal area (in2)

Circumference External
External circumference can be expressed as
Ce = do
(7)
where
Ce = external circumference (in)

Circumference Internal
Internal circumference can be expressed as
Ci = di
(8)
where
Ci = internal circumference (in)