Mahesh Tutorials Science 104

HYPERBOLA. Q-2) Find the lengths of the axes, latus

rectum, eccentricity, co-ordinates
SOLUTIONS. of the foci and equation of
GROUP (A)-CLASS WORK PROBLEMS directrices of the hyperbola
Q-1) Find the centre, eccentricity, foci, 25y 2 − x 2 = 25 .
the distance between the foci and
Ans: y2 x 2
the length of latus rectum for − =1
1 25
hyperbola 9x 2 −16y 2 =144 . Here a 2 = 25, b 2 = 1
Ans. The equation of hyperbola is
(transverse axis) = 2b = 2(1) = 2
2 2
x y
9x 2 −16y 2 =144 ⇒ − =1
16 9 (Conjugate axis) = 2a = 2 ( 5 ) =10
x 2 y2
comparing with − =1 2a 2
16 9 (latus rectum) = = 2 ( 25 ) = 50
b
∴ a 2 = 16 and b 2 = 9
a = 4, b = 3 ∴a>b
b2 + a 2 25 + 1 26
i) Centre ≡ ( 0,0 ) e = = =
a 1 1
(
ii) ∵ b 2 = a 2 e 2 −1 ) be = 1 ( 26 = ) 26
9
( 2
⇒ 9 = 16 e −1 ⇒ ) = e 2 −1

9
16
25 5
∴ foci ( 0, ± be ) ≡ 0, ± 26( )
⇒ e 2 =1 + ⇒ e2 = ⇒ e=
16 16 4 b 1
5 Also =
eccentricity = e 26
4
iii) foci ≡ ( 0, ± ae ) b
∴Equation of directrices are y = ±
e
 5
≡  0, ± 4 ×  = ( 0, ± 5 )
 4 1
i.e. y = ±
iv) distance between foci = 2ae 26
5
= 8×
4
= 10 Q-3) Find the equation of the hyperbola
2
2b (referred to its principal axes) if
v) l (Latus Rectum) =
a
2×9 9 focus at (4, 0) and directrix is x = 2
= =
4 2 Ans. Let equation of hyperbola be

x2 y2
− =1
a2 b2
∴ Focus ≡ (ae ,0 ) corresponding to

a
directrix x =
e
but Focus ≡ ( 4,0 ) corresponding to

directrix x = 2

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a Q-5) Find equation of the hyperbola in

∴ ae = 4 and = 2 …(i)
e standard form whose distance
a 8
∴ e = …(ii) between directrices is and
2 3
a 3
from (i) and (ii) a ⋅ = 4 ⇒ a2 = 8 eccentricity is .
2 2

( )
b 2 = a 2 e 2 − 1 = a 2e 2 − a 2 Ans. Let equation of hyperbola be

2
x2 y2
= (ae ) − a 2 2
=4 − 8⇒ b = 8 2 − =1
a2 b2
∴ Equation of required hyperbola is 3
∴ eccentricity = e =
x 2 y2 2
− = 1⇒ x 2 − y2 = 8
8 8 2a
distance between directrices =
e

Q-4) A hyperbola has transverse axis of 2a 8 4 43

∴ = ⇒ a = ⋅e = =2
e 3 3 32
length 2 2 . If it passes through
  3 2 
(2, -3) find its equation. 2
∴ b =a 2
( 2
)
e − 1 = 4   − 1
 2  
Ans. Let equation of hyperbola be

x2 y2 9  5
− = 1 (transverse axis) = 2a = 4  − 1 = 4 ×
a2 b2 4  4

∴ b2 = 5
(transverse axis) = 2 2
∴ Equation of required hyperbola is
∴ 2a = 2 2 ⇒∴ a = 2
x 2 y2
∴ Equation of hyperbola becomes − =1
4 5
x2 y2
− =1
a2 b2 Q-6) Find equation of the hyperbola
This passes through (2, -3) referred to its principal axes if
2
22 ( −3 ) 92 conjugate axis is 5 and distance
∴ − 2 = 1⇒ 2 − 2 = 1
2 b b between foci is 13.
92 Ans. x2 y2
⇒ 1= ⇒ b2 = 9 Equation of hyperbola is − =1
b2 a2 b2
∴ The equation of hyperbola is ∴ (Conjugate axis) = 2b
x 2 y2 and distance between foci = 2ae
− =1
2 9
⇒ 2b = 5 and 2ae =13

5 13
∴ b = ∴ ae =
2 2

Hyperbola
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(
∴ b2 = a 2 e 2 − 1 )
∴ 16PB 2 = 25x12 + 480x1 + 2304
2
5 2 2 2 25 2
  =a e −a ⇒ = (ae ) − a 2
2 4 ∴ 16  x12 + 30x1 + 225 + y12 
 
2
25  13  2 2 169 25 = 25x12 + 480x1 + 2304
∴ =  −a ⇒ a = −
4  2  4 4
∴ 16x12 + 480x1 + 3600 +16y12
169 25 144
a2 = − ⇒ a2 = ⇒
4 4 4 = 25x12 + 480x1 + 2304

a 2 = 36 ∴ 0 = 9x12 − 16y12 − 1296

∴ Equation of required hyperbola is
∴ 9x12 − 16y12 = 1296
x2 y2 x 2 4y 2
− = 1⇒ − =1 x12 y12
36 25 4 36 25 − =1
144 81
This is equation of required
∴ The equation of locus of P ( x1, y1 )
hyperbola.
is

Q-7) Find the equation of the locus of a x 2 y2

− = 1 , locus is hyperbola.
144 81
point which moves such that the
difference of its distances from the
Q-8) Prove that when m varies the point
point A (15,0 ) and B ( −15,0 ) is 24.
of intersection of the lines
Identify the locus.
x 3 − y − 4m 3 = 0 &
Ans. Let P ( x1, y1 ) be a point on the locus
3mx + my − 4 3 = 0
A ≡ (15,0 ) , B ≡ ( −15,0 )
x 2 y2
By given condition, then its locus is − = 1.
16 48
PA − BP = 24 ⇒ PA − PB = ± 24 Ans. Let P ( x1, y1 ) be the point of
∴PA = PB ± 24 intersection of the lines

∴PA 2 = PB 2 ± 48PB + 576 3 x 3 − y − 4m 3 = 0

∴PA 2 − PB 2 = ± 48PB + 576 and 3mx + my − 4 3 = 0

= ± 48PB + 576 ⇒ x1 3 − y1 − 4m 3 = 0

 x12 − 30x1 + 225 + y12 −  & 3mx1 + my1 − 4 3 = 0

 
 x 2 − 30x − 225 − y 2 
 1 1 1  ⇒ x1 3 − y1 = 4m 3 …(i)
= ± 48PB + 576
and 3mx1 + my1 = 4 3 … (ii)
∴− 60x1 = ± 48PB + 576
x1 3 − y1
∴ m=
∴± 48PB = − 60x1 − 576 4m 3
∴± 4PB = − 5x1 − 48
Put this value in equation (ii)

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 x 3 − y1   x 3 − y1 
3 1 x + 1
 4m 3  1  4m 3  1
y
∴     1 1
∴ + =1
=4 3 e12 e22

∴ 3x12 − 3 x1y1 + 3 x1y1 − y12 = 48 a2 b2

= +
a 2 + b2 a 2 + b2
∴ 3x12 − y12 = 48

⇒ Locus of P ( x1, y1 ) is 3x 2 − y 2 = 48 Q-10) Show difference of focal distances

x 2 y2 of any point on hyperbola

i.e. − =1
16 48 x2 y2
− =1
a2 b2
Q-9) If e1 and e2 are the eccentricities is 2a.
x2 y2 x2 y2
of hyperbolas 2
− 2
= 1 and Ans. Equation of hyperbola is − =1
a b a2 b2
y2 x2
−= 1 respectively. and P ( x , y ) be any point on
b2 a2
1 1 hyperbola.
Show 2 − 2 = 1 .
e1 e2 Joint SP and S ′P .
2 2
x y Draw PM and PM ′ perpendiculars on
Ans. e1 is the eccentricity of 2
− = 1.
a b2
directrices,
(
∴b 2 = a 2 e12 −1 ⇒ b 2 = a 2 e12 −1 ) ( ) ∴ By focus-directrix property.
2
∴b = a 2e12 2
−a ⇒ a +b = 2 2
a 2e12 SP = e.PM and S ′P = e.PM ′

a 2 + b2 a ex − a
∴ e12 = 2
…(i) SP = e x − = e. = ex − a
a e e

y2 x2 Similarly, S ′P = ex + a
e 2 is eccentricity of 2
− 2
=1
b a
∴ S ′P − SP = ex + a − (ex − a )
∴a = b 2 2
( e22 −1 ) = ex + a − ex + a = 2a

∴a 2 = b 2e22 − b 2 Difference of focal distance of any

x2 y2
∴a 2 + b 2 = b 2e 22 point on hyperbola − = 1 is 2a.
a2 b2
a 2 + b2
∴ e 22 = …(ii)
a2
1 1 1 1
+ = +
e12 e22  a +b2 2   a + b2
2 
 2   2 
 a   b 

a 2 + b2
= =1
a 2 + b2

Hyperbola
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Q-11) If C is the centre, S and S ′ are the

foci of the hyperbola

x2
−
y2
=1
We know, b 2 = a 2 e 2 −1 ( )
a2 b2
and P is any point on it, Prove that (
4 = 9 e 2 −1 )
SP .S ′P = CP 2 − a 2 + b 2 . 4 4 9 + 4 13
= e 2 −1 ⇒ e 2 = 1 + = =
9 9 9 9
Ans. The centre C is ( 0,0 ) .
13  4
Let P ( x1, y1 ) be the point on the ⇒e2 = ⇒ L ≡  13, 
3  3
hyperbola.

x12 y12 Q-13) Find the equation of the hyperbola

∴CP 2 = x12 + y12 and 2
− 2
=1
a b in the standard form, if
x12 y12 Eccentricity = 2 and foci coincide
∴ =1 +
a2 b2 x 2 y2
with foci of the ellipse + = 1.
SP = ex1 − a and S ′P = ex1 + a 25 16
Ans. Here a 2 = 25, b 2 = 16
SP .S ′P = ex1 − a ex1 + a = e 2 x12 − a 2
25 −16 3
 a 2 + b2  2 2 2 a 2 + b2  e = =
=  5 5
 a 2  1  
x − a ∵ e =
   a 2 
 3
ae ′ = 5   = 3
 x12  2  5
= x12 + b 2   − a
a 2
  ∴ foci ≡ ( ± 3,0 )

 y2  These are the foci of the required

= x12 + b 2 1 + 12  − a 2
 b 
  hyperbola let equation of the

= x12 + b 2 + y12 − a 2 x2 y2
hyperbola − =1
a2 b2
( )
= x12 + y12 − a 2 + b 2
∴ e = 2 , and foci ( ±ae,0 )
= CP 2 − a 2 + b 2 ∴ ae = 3 , and e = 2

3
∴ a (2) = 3 ⇒∴ a =
Q-12) Segment LSL′ is the latus rectum 2

x 2 y2 9
of the hyperbola − = 1 . Find a2 = ⇒
9 4 4
9 27
the coordinate of L.
(
b 2 = a 2 e 2 −1 = ) 4
( 4 −1) =
4
Ans. Here a 2 = 9, b 2 = 4
∴ Equation of the hyperbola is
Since L lies in the first quadrant, co-
x2 y2
 2  − =1
b 9 4 27 4
ordinates of L are  ae , 
 a
  4x 2 4y 2
i.e. − = 1.
9 27

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Q-14) The x-co-ordinate of a point can be
expressed as 3-times the sum of a
non zero number and its reciprocal
and y-co-ordinate of the point can
be written as 2 times the
difference of that number and its
reciprocal. Show that all such
points lie on a curve. Identify the
Q-15) Find the centre, co-ordinates of
the foci and the equations of axes
and the directrices for the
hyperbola.
3y 2 − 2x 2 + 6y + 8x − 11 = 0
Ans. 3y 2 − 2x 2 + 6y + 8x − 11 = 0
3y 2 + 6y − 2x 2 + 8x − 11 = 0

curve. ( ) (
3 y 2 + 2y + 1 − 2 x 2 − 4x + 4 )
Ans. Let t be that non zero real number = 11 + 3 − 8
and let P ( x , y ) be the point 2 2
3 ( y + 1) − 2 ( x − 2) = 6
 1  1
Now x = 3 t +  and y = 2  t −  ( y + 1)2 − ( x − 2)2
 t  t =1
2 3
1 x 1 y
∴ t+ = , t− = For hyberbola,
t 3 t 2
We know that a 2 = 2 , b2 = 3

2
t +
1  1
2
= t +  − 2
b2 = a 2 e 2 − 1 ( )
t2  t
2
(
2 = 3 e2 − 1 )
1  1
and t 2 + = t −  + 2
t2  t 2 = 3e2 − 3

x2 y2 3e2 = 5
∴ −9= +2
9 4 e2 = 5
3
x 2 y2
− =4 i) For centre :
9 4
x − 2 = 0 and y + 1 = 0
x 2 y2
i.e. − =1 x = 2 and y = 1
36 16
This shows that ( x , y ) lies on the ∴ centre ≡ ( 2, −1)

x 2 y2 ii) For foci :

curve − = 1 and curve is
36 16 5
x − 2 = 0 and y = −1 ± 3 ×
hyperbola. 3

x = 2 and y = −1 ± 5

∴ foci ≡ 2, −1 ± 5 ( )
iii) Axes are,
x − 2 = 0 and y + 1 = 0
iv) Equations of directries,

Hyperbola
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y +1 = ±
b π  π 
x sec   y tan  
e 3− 3 =1
6 4
3
y +1 = ±
5 2x 3y
− =1
3 6 4
3 ∴ 4x − 3 3y =12
y = −1 ±
5

Q-3) Show that the condition that

GROUP-(B) CLASSWORK PROBLEMS x + my + n = 0 is a tangent to
Q-1) Find equation of tangent to
b 2 x 2 − a 2y 2 = a 2b 2 is
2 2
hyperbola 16x − 9y =144 at
a 22 − b 2m 2 = n 2 and the point of
3 5 
 , − 2 .
  −a 2 b 2m 
 2  contact  , .
 n c 

Ans. 16x 2 − 9y 2 =144
Ans. Let x + my + n = 0 is tangent to
2 2
x y
∴ − = 1 ⇒ a 2 = 9, b 2 = 16 x12 y12
9 16 hyperbola − = 1 at ( x1, y1 ) is
a2 b2
3 5 
Equation of tangent at  , − 2  is xx1 yy1
 2  − =1
  a 2
b2
xx1 yy1 3 5 x ( −2) y x + my + n = 0 …(i)
2
− 2
=1 ⇒ − =1
a b 2 9 16
x1 y1
2
x− y − 1 =0 …(ii)
5x y
+ =1 ⇒ 4 5x + 3y = 24 a b2
6 8
 x1   −y1 
 2   2  −1
a  =  b  =
Q-2) Find the equation of the tangent to  m n

x 2 y2 π x1 −y1 −1
the hyperbola − = 1 at θ = . ∴ 2
= 2
=
36 16 3 a  b m n

Ans. Here a 2 = 36, b 2 = 16 x1 −1 −y −1

∴ 2
= and 2 1 =
a  n b m n
π 
Equation of tangent at P (θ ) = P   is −a 2 +b 2m
3 ∴ x1 = and y1 =
n n
x ⋅ sec θ y ⋅ tan θ
− =1  −a 2l +b 2m 
a b ∴ P ≡ , 
 n n 


∴ P ( x1, y1 ) lies on line x + my + n = 0

∴ x1 + my1 + n = 0

 −a 2   b 2m 
∴
 n    + n = 0
+ m
   n 

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−a 22 b 2m 2 Q-5) Find the value of k, if 2x − y + k = 0 is

∴ + +n =0
n n a tangent to the hyperbola
∴− a 22 + b 2m 2 + n 2 = 0 x 2 − 3y2 = 2 .
∴ + n 2 = + a 22 − b 2m 2
Ans. x 2 − 3y2 = 2 …(i)
∴ a 22 − b 2m 2 = n 2
Equation of line is 2x − y + k = 0
This is the condition that
∴ y = 2x + k
x + my + n = 0 is a tangent to hyperbola
put this value in equation (i)
x12 y2 2
2
− 12 = 1 and a point of contact is ∴ x 2 − 3 ( 2x + k ) = 2
a b
 −a 2 +b 2m  (
∴ x 2 − 3 4x 2 + 4xk + k 2 = 2 )
P ≡ , .
 n n 
 ∴ x 2 − 12x 2 − 12kx − 3k 2 = 2

∴ −11x 2 − 12kx − 3k 2 = 2
Q-4) Show that the line x − y =1 is
11x 2 + 12kx + 2 + 3k 2 = 0 …(ii)
tangent to the hyperbola
∵ line 2x − y + k = 0 touches hyperbola
x 2 − 2 y 2 = 2 . Also find the point of
contact. x 2 − 3y2 = 2
Ans. x 2 − 2y 2 = 2 …(i) ∴ ∆ = 0 for equation (ii)
Equation of line is x − y =1 ⇒ x = y + 1 ∴ B 2 − 4AC = 0
put this value in equation (i)
2
2
(
∴ (12k ) − 4 ×11 2 + 3k 2 = 0 )
2
∴ (y +1) − 2y = 2
(
∴ 144k 2 − 4 2 + 3k 2 = 0 )
∴ y 2 + 2y + 1 − 2y 2 − 2 = 0
2
∴ 144k 2 − 88 −132k 2 = 0
∴ − y + 2y − 1 = 0
2
∴ 12k 2 − 88 = 0 ⇒ 12k 2 = 88
∴ y − 2y + 1 = 0
88 22
2 ∴ k2 = ⇒ k2 =
∴ ( y −1) = 0 12 3
∴ y −1 = 0 ∴y = 1 22
∴ k =±
3
∵ Values of y are coincide.

Given line x − y =1 touches the

hyperbola x 2 − 2 y 2 = 2 at point whose

y co-ordinates is 1.
∴ x = y +1 = 1 + 1 = 2

∴ Point of contact ≡ ( 2,1)

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Q-6) Find the equations of tangents to Q-8) Find the equation of the tangents

the hyperbola 4x 2 − 3 y 2 = 24 , which to the hyperbola

16x 2 − 25 y 2 = 400 and parallel to the

make an angle of 600 with X-axis.
line 4x − 3y = 0 .
2 2 x 2 y2
Ans. 4x − 3 y = 24 ⇒ − =1
6 8 Ans. Equation of the hyperbola

⇒ a 2 = 6, b 2 = 8 x 2 y2
− =1
25 16
Equation of tangents be
4
Slope of the line 4x − 3y = 0 is
y = mx ± a 2m 2 − b 2 3
∴ Equations of the tangents line
i.e. y = mx ± 6m 2 − 8
y = mx ± a 2m 2 − b 2
∵ tangent makes 600 with X-axis.
4
Here a 2 = 25, b 2 = 16,m =
∴ slope of tangent = tan 60 = 3 3
⇒m = 3 4 16 16
y = x ± 25 × −
3 9 1
∴ Equation of tangent becomes
2 4 16 ( 25 − 9 )
y = 3x ± 6 ( )
3 −8 y =
3
x ±
9

∴ y = 3x ± 18 − 8 ⇒∴ y = 3x ± 10 y =
4
x ±
16 ×16
3 9
4 16
Q-7) Find equation of tangents to y = x ±
3 3
hyperbola x 2 − 4 y 2 = 36 , having 3y = 4x ± 16
3 ∴ 4x − 3y ± 16 = 0 .
slope − .
2
Ans. x 2 y2
− = 1 ⇒ a 2 = 36, b 2 = 9 Q-9) Find the equation of the tangents
36 9
Equation of the tangents be to the hyperbola 4x 2 − 3 y 2 = 24 and
y = mx ± a 2m 2 − b 2
perpendicular to the line
2 2 3
a = 36, b = 9,m = − 2x − 4y + 5 = 0 .
2
3 9 Ans. Equation of the hyperbola
y = − x ± 36 × − 9
2 4 x 2 y2
3 3 − =1
y = − x ± 81 − 9 ⇒ y = − × ± 72 6 8
2 2
3 1
y = − x ± 6 2 ⇒ 2y = − 3x ± 12 2 Slope of the line 2x − 4y + 5 = 0 is
2 2
∴ 3x + 2y = ± 12 2 ∴ slope of tangents are

y = mx ± a 2m 2 − b 2

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a 2 = 6, b 2 = 8,m = − 2
b b
y = − 2x ±
2
6 ( −2) − 8 ∴ m = ⇒ sin θ =
a sin θ am
y = − 2x ± 24 − 8  b 
∴ θ = sin−1  
y = − 2x ± 16  am 

y = − 2x ± 4
Q-11) Show locus of points of intersection
∴ 2x + y = ± 4
x2 y2
of tangents to hyperbola − =1
a2 b2
Q-10) If the line
π 
2 2 2 at P (θ ) and Q  − θ  is y = b.
y = mx ± a m − b touches the 2 

x12 y12 Ans. The equation of hyperbola is

hyperbola − = 1 at the point
a2 b2 x2 y2
− =1
 b  a2 b2
(a sec θ , b tan θ ) prove θ = sin−1  .
 am  ∴ Equation of tangent at P (θ ) is
Ans. Equation of tangent is x sec θ y tan θ
− =1 …(i)
y = mx ± a 2m 2 − b 2 a b
…(i)
∴ The equation of tangent at
∴ slope of tangent = m
π 
x12 y12 Q −θ
but equation of tangent to − =1  2 
a2 b2
π  π 
at (a sec θ , b tan θ ) x sec  − θ  y tan  − θ 
is 2 − 2  =1
x y a b
is sec θ − tan θ = 1 … (ii)
a b x cos ec θ y cot θ
∴ − =1 …(ii)
sec θ a b

Slope of tangent = a = x y
− tan θ sec θ ⋅ cos ec θ − tanθ ⋅ cos ec θ = cos ec θ
a b
b
Multiply in (i) by cos ec θ
sec θ b
× Multiply (ii) by sec θ
a tan θ
b cos ec θ sec θ tan θ sec θ
Slope of tangent = x −y = sec θ
a sin θ a b
x y
∵ equation (i) and (ii) are tangent at sec θ ⋅ cos ec θ − cot θ ⋅ sec θ = sec θ
a b
(a sec θ , b tan θ ) y y
tanθ ⋅ cos ec θ + cot θ ⋅ sec θ = cos ec θ − sec θ
b b
∴ They represent same line and hence
y
their slopes are equal. [cot θ⋅sec θ − tanθ ⋅ cosec θ ] = cosec θ −sec θ
b

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y 1 1  Q-13) The line 2x − y + 55 = 0 touches a

 −  = cos ec θ − sec θ
b  sin θ cos θ 
hyperbola whose foci are ( 5,0 ) and
y
[cos ec θ − sec θ ] = cos ec θ − sec θ ( −5,0 ) . Find the equation of that
b
y hyperbola.
=1, where cos ec θ − sec θ ≠ 0
b Ans. Let equation of the hyperbola be
∴ y =b x2 y2
− =1
which is required equation of locus. a2 b2
∴ Its foci are ( ± ae ,0 ) ≡ ( ± 5,0 )
Q-12) Find the equation of common ∴ ae = 5, also
tangent to the circle
( )
b 2 = a 2 e 2 −1 = a 2e 2 − a 2 = 25 − a 2
5x 2 + 5y 2 =16 and the hyperbola
Slope of the given tangent line = m = 2
x 2 y2
− = 1. condition for tangency
16 48
Ans. c 2 = a 2m 2 − b 2
For circle 5x 2 + 5y 2 =16
2
16 55 = a 2 ( 2) − b 2
2
∴ a =
5
Let common tangent is y = mx + c …(i)
(
55 = 4a 2 − 25 − a 2 )
55 = 4a 2 − 25 + a 2
∴ c = a 1+ m ⇒ c 2 2
=a 2
(1+ m ) 2

∴ 55 + 25 = 5a 2 ⇒ a 2 = 80 ⇒
16
∴ c2 =
5
(
1+ m 2 ) …(ii)
a 2 = 16

x 2 y2 and b 2 = 25 − a 2 = 25 −16 = 9
For hyperbola − =1
16 48
∴ The equation of the required
2 2 2 2 2 2
a = 16, b = 48 ⇒ c = a m −b
x 2 y2
hyperbola is − =1
⇒ c 2 =16m 2 − 48 16 9

16
⇒
5
( )
1 + m 2 =16m 2 − 48 from (ii)

1
∴
5
(
1 + m2 =m2 − 3 )
( )
∴ 1 + m 2 = 5m 2 −15 ⇒ 16 = 4m 2 ⇒

m2 = 4 ⇒ m2 = ± 2
∴ c 2 =16m 2 − 48
∴ c 2 =16 × 4 − 48 =16 ⇒ c 2 = ± 4
∴ equation of common tangent is
y = ± 2x ± 4 i.e. ∴ y = ± ( 2x ± 4 )

Hyperbola
115 Mahesh Tutorials Science

Q-14) Find the locus of point of

intersection of two tangents drawn m2 + m1
⇒ = 4 ⇒ m1 + m2 = 4m1m2
m1m2
x2 y2
to the hyperbola − = 1 if
a2 b2
⇒
2x1y1
=4
(y 2
1 + b2 )
i) the sum of their slopes is 5 x12 −a 2
(x 2
1 −a2 )
ii) cot α + cot β = 4 , where α, β are
the inclination of the tangents. ⇒ 2x1y1 = 4 y12 + b 2 ( )
iii) the product of their slopes = 2
iv) sum of their slopes = product
⇒ x1y1 = 2 y12 + b 2( )
of their slopes. ∴ Locus of P is 2y 2 = xy − 2b 2
Ans. Let P ( x1, y1 ) be a point on the locus iii) Product of their slopes = 2

The equation of the tangent line is m1m2 = 2

y = mx ± a 2m 2 − b 2 y12 + b 2
⇒ =2
x12 − a 2
It passing through point P ( x1, y1 )

∴ y = mx ± a m − b 2 2 2
⇒ y12 + b 2 = 2 x12 − a 2 ( )
(
∴ y1 − mx1 = ± a m − b ) 2 2 2
Locus of P is y 2 + b 2 = 2 x 2 − a 2 ( )
iv) Sum of their slopes = product of
2
(y1 − mx1 ) =a m −b 2 2 2
their slopes

y12 − 2mx1y1m + m 2 x12 − a 2m 2 + b 2 = 0 2x1y1 y12 + b 2

=
x12 − a 2 x12 − a 2
m 2
( x12 −a 2
) − 2x y m + (
1 1 y12 +b 2
)=0
∴ 2x1y1 = y12 + b 2
Let m1 and m2 be the roots which are
Locus of P is 2xy = y 2 + b 2
the slopes of two tangents drawn from
P to the given hyperbola.
2x1y1
Q-15) Tangents are drawn from ( 0, 2) to
m1 + m2 =
x12 − a 2 the hyperbola 5x 2 − y 2 = 5 . Find
2x1y1 their equations.
⇒ 5=
x12 −a 2
x 2 y2
Ans. 5x 2 − y 2 = 5 ⇒ − =1
5x12 − 5a 2 = 2x1y1 1 5

Locus of P is 5x 2 − 2xy − 5a 2 = 0 ⇒ a 2 = 1, b 2 = 5

ii) cot α + cot β = 4 ∴ Let equation of tangents be

1 1 1 1 y = mx ± a 2m 2 − b 2
⇒ + =4 ⇒ + =4
tan α tan β m1 m2
∴ y = mx ± m 2 − 5

Hyperbola
Mahesh Tutorials Science 116

This passes through ( 0, 2)

∴ 2 = m × 0 ± m2 − 5 m 41 + 25m 2 −16
P1 =
m 2 +1
2
∴ 2 = ± m − 5 ⇒ 4 = m2 − 5 ⇒
P2 = length of the perpendicular
m2 = 9
from the focus S’ on the tangent
∴ m = ±3

∴ Equation of required tangents with P2 =

( )
m − 41 + 25m 2 −16

m 2 +1
slope m = ± 3 and passing through

( 0, 2) are y − 2 = ± 3 ( x − 0 )
P1P2 =
( 2
25m −16 + 41m )( 2
25m −16 − 41m)
∴ y −2 =±3x 2
m +1

i.e. y − 2 = 3 x and y − 2 = − 3 x
25m 2 −16 − 41m 2
∴ 3x − y + 2 = 0 and 3x + y − 2 = 0 are = = −16 = 16

equation of required tangents.

( )
m 2 +1

*****
Q-16) Show that product of the lengths of
the perpendicular segments drawn
from foci to any tangent to
 x 2   y2 
hyperbola 
 25   16 
− = 1 is 16.
   
Ans. a 2 = 25, b 2 = 16,

a 2 + b2 25 + 16 41
e = 2
= =
a 25 5

∴ ae = 5 ( 41/5 = ) 41

∴ the foci are

S = ( )
41,0 and S ′ − 41,0 ( )
Equation of a tangent with slope m is

y = mx ± a 2m 2 − b 2

⇒ y = mx + 25m 2 −16

mx − y + 25m 2 −16 = 0

P1 = length of the perpendicular

from the focus S on the tangent

Hyperbola