In 60 Days - CCENT

Easy Subnetting

About Subnet Zero

Back in the day subnets couldnt be 0
So with 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.192 =
192.168.1.0
192.168.1.64
192.168.1.128
192.168.1.192

Cant use this subnet

Cant use this subnet

Subnet Zero Now

You can ALWAYS use subnet zero now
192.168.1.0
192.168.1.64
192.168.1.128
192.168.1.192

Can use this subnet

Can use this subnet
Can use this subnet

Can use this subnet

About CIDR

Represents subnets as /#
So count the subnet mask bits
255.255.255.0 = /24
255.255.255.252 = /30
255.255.128.0 = /17

128

128
192
224
240
248
252
254
255

64

32

16

2-2
4
8
16
32
64
128
256
512

BITS

128

64

32

16

Subnets
128
192

For working out which subnet a host is in

224
240
248
252
254
255
2-2
4
8
16

For working out how many subnets and hosts per subnet

Example 1

Q. Which subnet is 192.168.1.100 /26 in?

Step 1 turn /26 into a subnet
Class C is usually 24 bits or 255.255.255.0
We are stealing 2 bits to make /26

BITS

128

64

32

16

Subnets
128

The top ticks reveal the subnet increments

192
224

240
248
252
254
255

So we can see that stealing 2 bits gives us a mask of

255.255.255.192

Next Steps
192.168.1.100
192.168.1.0
192.168.1.64*
192.168.1.128
192.168.1.192

Our subnet host

Our first subnet
Our second subnet (100 in here)
Our third subnet
Our fourth subnet

Work Out All IPs (maybe)

192.168.1.100
192.168.1.64
192.168.1.65
192.168.1.126
192.168.1.127

Our subnet host

Our subnet
Our first host
Our last host
Our broadcast address

Example 2

Q. Which subnet is 200.100.2.210 /25 in?

Step 1 turn /25 into a subnet
Class C is usually 24 bits or 255.255.255.0
We are stealing 1 bit to make /25

BITS

128

64

32

16

Subnets
128

The top ticks reveal the subnet increments

192
224

240
248
252
254
255

So we can see that stealing 1 bits gives us a mask of

255.255.255.128

Next Steps
200.100.2.210
200.1.00.2.0
200.1.00.2.128*

Our subnet host address

Our first subnet
Our second subnet (210 in here)

Work Out All IPs (maybe)

200.100.2.210
200.100.2.128
200.100.2.129
200.100.2.254
200.100.2.255

Our subnet host

Our subnet
Our first host
Our last host
Our broadcast address

Example 3

Q. Which subnet is 172.16.100.11 /19 in?

Step 1 turn /19 into a subnet
Class B is usually 16 bits or 255.255.0.0
We are stealing 3 bits to make /19

BITS

128

64

32

16

Subnets
128

The top ticks reveal the subnet increments

192
224

240
248
252
254
255

So we can see that stealing 3 bits gives us a mask of

255.255.224.0

Next Steps
172.16.100.11
172.16.0.0
172.16.32.0
172.16.64.0
172.16.96.0*
172.16.128.0

Our subnet host address

Our first subnet
Our second subnet
Our third subnet

Our fourth subnet (100.11 in here)

Work Out All IPs (maybe)

172.16.100.11
172.16.96.0
172.16.96.1
172.16.127.254
172.16.127.255

Our subnet host

Our subnet
Our first host
Our last host
Our broadcast address

Example 4

Q. Which subnet is 172.16.100.11 /29 in?

Step 1 turn /29 into a subnet
Class B is usually 16 bits or 255.255.0.0
We are stealing 13 bits to make /29

BITS

128

64

32

16

Subnets
128

192

+ 8 bits from octet 3 so 8+5 = 13 bits

224

240
248
252
254
255

So we can see that stealing 13 bits gives us a mask of

255.255.255.248

Next Steps
172.16.100.11
172.16.100.0
172.16.100.8
172.16.100.16
172.16.100.24
172.16.100.32

172.16.0.0
Our subnet host address
172.16.0.8
172.16.0.16
Save time & start here
172.16.0.24
Keep going up Next subnet (100.11 in here)
172.16.32.0 Next subnet
172.16.32.8
172.16.32.248Next subnet
172.16.99.248
172.16.100.0

Work Out All IPs (maybe)

172.16.100.11
172.16.100.8
172.16.100.9
172.16.100.14
172.16.100.15

Our subnet host

Our subnet
Our first host
Our last host
Our broadcast address

End