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elearning.lspr.edu
Master of Arts in Communication : Corporate Communication Studies
Content
Part 1
The Process
Part 2
Approaches
Part 3
Methods
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Q: What is research ?
A: A process in which,
you engage in a small set of logical steps used to collect &
analyze information to increase our understanding of a topic
or issue.
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Research: Why ?
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Research: Steps
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Liane Moriarty
Australian author of
6 Intl best-selling
novels
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4.
a.
b.
c.
5.
a.
b.
c.
6.
a.
b.
c.
Collecting Data
Selecting individuals to study
Obtaining permissions
Gathering information
Analyzing & Interpreting Data
Breaking down the data
Representing the data
Explaining the data
Reporting & Evaluating Research
Deciding on audiences
Structuring the report
Writing the report sensitively
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A:
1. Respecting the Rights of Participants
2. Honoring Research Sites
3. Reporting Research Fully & Honestly
Ethical Context:
Researchers should reflect on ethical issues,
throughout the research process,
Ethics should, at all times,
Be at the forefront of the researchers
agenda
(Hesse-Bieber & Leavy, 2006)
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Sharlene Nagy
Hesse-Biber
Prof. Sociology
at Boston
College
Patricia Leavy
Prof.Sociology
at Boston
College
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Research: Anti-Plagiarism
1. Anti-Plagiarism Policy
All assignments will need to have a signed declaration,
on the 2nd page (after the cover),
that the material submitted is
the students own work &
that all work taken from other sources is properly
acknowledged.
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Penalty for students who performed plagiarism: FAILED from the subject.
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Research: Referencing
2. Referencing
PGP applied,
APA (American Psychological Association) as references system for
all paper work in each subjects (latest version is 6th Edition, 2010).
1. Worldwide accepted
International/national conferences & reputable journals.
2. Up dated revisions.
3. Easy for students:
Students will learn while practicing this references before doing thesis.
4. Easy to learn
www.apastyle.org &
feel free to come to the Thesis Depart.
(on the 9th floor with Ms. Sari/Rita) & ask for softcopy file.
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Part2: Approaches
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A:
1. Quantitative Research. Defn:
A type of educational research in which the researcher:
a. Decides what to study,
b. Asks specific, narrow questions,
c. Collects quantifiable data from participants,
d. Analyzes these numbers using statistics, &
e. Conducts the inquiry in an unbiased, objective manner.
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Along with these efforts arose a discussion about types of qlr designs,
such as:
a. Case studies,
b. Grounded theory research, &
c. Narrative inquiry, &
d. The emergence of qualitative computer software programs for data
analysis.
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Part3: Methods
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What characteristics,
distinguish & are common to QUAN & QUAL
in each of the 6 steps ?
Step 1: Identifying a Research Problem
Quantitative
Tends to address research problems
requiring:
A description of trends or,
an explanation of the
relationship among variables.
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Qualitative
Tends to address research problems
requiring:
a. An exploration in which,
little is known about the problem.
b. A detailed understanding of a
central phenomenon
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Qualitative
The literature tends to:
a. Play a minor role in,
suggesting a specific research
question to be asked.
b. Justify the importance of,
studying the research problem
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Qualitative
The purpose statement &
research questions tend to:
a. Be general & broad.
b. Seek to understand the
participants experiences
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Qualitative
The data collection tends to consist
of:
a. Collecting data using forms with
general,
emerging questions to permit
participants
to generate responses.
b. Gathering word (text) or,
image (picture) data.
c. Collecting information from a
small number of,
individuals or sites.
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Qualitative
Data analysis tends to:
a. Consist of text analysis.
b. Involve developing a description
& themes.
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Qualitative
Data analysis tends to:
a. Consist of text analysis.
b. Involve developing a description
& themes.
Researchers tends to,
take a subjective (reflexive) &
biased approach.
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